CN112523363A - Three-dimensional vibration isolation support - Google Patents
Three-dimensional vibration isolation support Download PDFInfo
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- CN112523363A CN112523363A CN202011175039.9A CN202011175039A CN112523363A CN 112523363 A CN112523363 A CN 112523363A CN 202011175039 A CN202011175039 A CN 202011175039A CN 112523363 A CN112523363 A CN 112523363A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/36—Bearings or like supports allowing movement
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/023—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings and comprising rolling elements, e.g. balls, pins
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional vibration isolation support which comprises an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate and a sliding block assembly, wherein the upper connecting plate is used for being connected with an upper structure; the lower connecting plate is used for being connected with the lower structure, the lower connecting plate is positioned below the upper connecting plate, and the lower connecting plate and the upper connecting plate are oppositely arranged at intervals and can translate relatively to each other; the sliding block assembly is arranged between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, and the vertical bearing capacity and the vertical rigidity of the sliding block assembly are large, so that the vertical self-vibration period of the three-dimensional vibration isolation support is small and the three-dimensional vibration isolation support is used for vertical vibration isolation; the slider assembly is slidable between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, so that the three-dimensional vibration isolation support has low horizontal rigidity for horizontal vibration isolation. The three-dimensional vibration isolation support can realize vibration isolation in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction at the same time, avoids the damage of an upper structure in an earthquake, ensures the use comfort of a building in vertical vibration, and has the advantages of good vibration isolation performance, simple design, long service life, simple structure and convenient arrangement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering structures, in particular to a three-dimensional vibration isolation support.
Background
At present, the common vibration isolation support such as a laminated rubber vibration isolation support is used, the natural vibration period of the vibration isolation support is related to the upper mass, so the vibration isolation performance can change along with the change of the upper structure mass, and the design and the long-term use are not facilitated; meanwhile, the use comfort of the building can be influenced by the ground vertical vibration caused by subway vibration and the like, and the conventional vibration isolation support lacks the vibration isolation capability for the environment vertical vibration.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional vibration isolation support, which can simultaneously achieve vibration isolation in the horizontal direction and vibration isolation in the vertical direction for the environment, prevent the upper structure from being damaged in the earthquake, and ensure the use comfort of the building in the vertical vibration, and has the advantages of good vibration isolation performance, simple design, long service life, simple structure and convenient installation.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the three-dimensional vibration isolation support comprises:
an upper connection plate for connection with an upper structure;
the lower connecting plate is used for being connected with a lower structure, the lower connecting plate is positioned below the upper connecting plate, and the lower connecting plate and the upper connecting plate are oppositely arranged at intervals and can translate relatively to each other;
the sliding block assembly is arranged between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, and the vertical bearing capacity of the sliding block assembly is large, the vertical rigidity of the sliding block assembly is small, so that the vertical self-vibration period of the three-dimensional vibration isolation support is small, and the sliding block assembly is used for vertical vibration isolation; the slider assembly is slidable between the upper and lower connection plates, so that the three-dimensional vibration isolation support has a small horizontal rigidity for horizontal vibration isolation.
According to the three-dimensional vibration isolation support disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the three-dimensional vibration isolation support is arranged in the structural vertical bearing member or at the bottom of the structural vertical bearing member through the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, on one hand, the sliding block assembly is arranged between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, the vertical bearing capacity of the sliding block assembly is large, the vertical rigidity is small, and the vertical self-vibration period of the three-dimensional vibration isolation support is small, so that the three-dimensional vibration isolation support can reduce the response caused by vertical environment vibration in the upper structure; and on the other hand, the lower connecting plate and the upper connecting plate are arranged oppositely at intervals and can translate relative to each other, the slider assembly can slide between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, when the upper structure and the lower structure generate horizontal movement, the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate can horizontally translate relative to each other, and the slider assembly can also slide between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, so that the three-dimensional vibration isolation support can reduce the response of a horizontal earthquake in the upper structure. To sum up, the three-dimensional vibration isolation support can simultaneously realize the vibration isolation of the horizontal direction to the earthquake and the vibration isolation of the vertical direction to the environmental vibration, avoids the upper structure to be damaged in the earthquake, simultaneously ensures the use comfort of the building in the vertical vibration, and has good vibration isolation performance, simple design, long service life, simple structure and convenient setting.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the upper connecting plate is provided with a first concave spherical surface facing downwards;
the lower connecting plate is provided with a second concave spherical surface which faces upwards and is opposite to the first concave spherical surface;
the sliding block assembly comprises an upper sliding end plate, a lower sliding end plate, a guide rod and an elastic supporting piece; the upper sliding end plate is provided with a first outer convex spherical surface and a first horizontal surface, an inner concave circular groove is arranged on the first horizontal surface, and the first outer convex spherical surface and the first inner concave spherical surface can be matched and attached in a relatively sliding manner; the lower sliding end plate is arranged below the upper sliding end plate at a relative interval, the lower sliding end plate is provided with a second convex spherical surface and a second horizontal surface, the second convex spherical surface and the second concave spherical surface can be matched and attached in a relatively sliding manner, and the second horizontal surface is opposite to the first horizontal surface; the guide rod is vertically arranged, the lower end of the guide rod is fixed with the second horizontal plane of the lower sliding end plate, the upper end of the guide rod extends into the inner concave circular groove of the upper sliding end plate, and the guide rod is in clearance fit with the inner peripheral wall of the inner concave circular groove; the elastic support piece is sleeved on the guide rod, the upper end of the elastic support piece is in contact with the first horizontal plane, and the lower end of the elastic support piece is in contact with the second horizontal plane.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the radius of curvature of the first concave spherical surface is the same as the radius of curvature of the first convex spherical surface, and the area of the first concave spherical surface is larger than the area of the first convex spherical surface; the curvature radius of the second concave spherical surface is the same as that of the second convex spherical surface, and the area of the second concave spherical surface is larger than that of the second convex spherical surface.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the upper connecting plate is provided with a first retaining ring extending downward, and the first retaining ring is arranged around the periphery of the first concave spherical surface; and the lower connecting plate is provided with a second retaining ring extending upwards, and the second retaining ring is arranged around the second concave spherical surface in a surrounding manner.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the first concave spherical surface, the second concave spherical surface, the first convex spherical surface and the second convex spherical surface are all polished, at least one of the first concave spherical surface and the first convex spherical surface is coated with a teflon layer, and at least one of the second concave spherical surface and the second convex spherical surface is coated with a teflon layer.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the elastic support is compressed while the guide rod is not subjected to an axial force by the slider assembly under the axial force; under the action of transverse force, the guide rod and the upper sliding end plate are in contact with each other to transfer force, and the elastic supporting piece does not bear the transverse force.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the vertical stiffness of the elastic support enables the vertical natural vibration period of the superstructure to be adjusted to a range not excited by ambient vibrations, so as to achieve vertical vibration isolation.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the resilient support is a disc spring or a block of resilient material.
According to a still further embodiment of the invention, there is a gap between the piece of resilient material and the guide bar.
According to a still further embodiment of the invention, said block of elastic material is made of a material having a high yield strength under compression and a low young's modulus.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional vibration isolation support according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein an elastic support block is a disk spring.
Fig. 2 is a force-bearing schematic diagram of the three-dimensional vibration isolation support according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic size diagram of a three-dimensional vibration isolation mount according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an upper sliding end plate in a three-dimensional vibration isolation mount according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an assembly view of the lower sliding end plate, the guide rod and the elastic support in the three-dimensional vibration isolation support according to the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the elastic support is a disc spring.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an upper sliding end plate of the three-dimensional vibration isolation mount according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a three-dimensional vibration isolation support according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the elastic support block is an elastic material block.
Fig. 8 is an assembly view of the lower sliding end plate, the guide rod and the elastic support in the three-dimensional vibration isolation bearing according to the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the elastic support is a block of elastic material.
Reference numerals:
three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000
First concave spherical surface 11 of upper connecting plate 1, first retainer ring 12 and third horizontal surface 13
The fourth horizontal surface 23 of the second inner concave spherical surface 21 and the second retainer 22 of the lower connecting plate 2
Inner concave circular groove 313 of first convex spherical surface 311 and first horizontal surface 312 of upper sliding end plate 31
Second convex spherical surface 321 and second horizontal surface 322 of lower sliding end plate 32
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
A three-dimensional vibration isolation mount 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 8.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, a three-dimensional vibration isolation mount 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an upper connection plate 1, a lower connection plate 2, and a slider assembly 3, the upper connection plate 1 being for connection with an upper structure; the lower connecting plate 2 is used for being connected with a lower structure, the lower connecting plate 2 is positioned below the upper connecting plate 1, and the lower connecting plate 2 and the upper connecting plate 1 are oppositely arranged at intervals and can translate relatively to each other; the sliding block assembly 3 is arranged between the upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 2, and the vertical bearing capacity of the sliding block assembly 3 is large, and the vertical rigidity is small, so that the vertical self-vibration period of the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 is small and is used for vertical vibration isolation; the slider assembly 3 is slidable between the upper link plate 1 and the lower link plate 2, so that the three-dimensional vibration isolation mount 1000 has a small horizontal rigidity for horizontal vibration isolation.
In particular, the upper connection plate 1 is intended to be connected to the superstructure; the lower connecting plate 2 is used for connecting with a lower structure, the lower connecting plate 2 is positioned below the upper connecting plate 1, and the lower connecting plate 2 and the upper connecting plate 1 are oppositely arranged in a spaced mode and can move horizontally relative to each other. It can be understood that the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 is installed in the structural vertical force bearing member or arranged at the bottom of the structural vertical force bearing member, the upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 2 are used for fixing the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000, so that when the upper structure and the lower structure generate horizontal movement, the upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 2 can horizontally translate relative to each other, and the slider assembly 3 is arranged between the upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 2, so that the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 has small horizontal rigidity and large translation range.
The sliding block assembly 3 is arranged between the upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 2, and the vertical bearing capacity of the sliding block assembly 3 is large, and the vertical rigidity is small, so that the vertical self-vibration period of the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 is small and is used for vertical vibration isolation; the slider assembly 3 is slidable between the upper link plate 1 and the lower link plate 2, so that the three-dimensional vibration isolation mount 1000 has a small horizontal rigidity for horizontal vibration isolation. It can be understood that, because the vertical bearing capacity of the sliding block assembly 3 is large and the vertical rigidity is small, the vertical self-vibration period of the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 is small, and the self-vibration period of the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 is related to the sliding block assembly 3, so that the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 can simultaneously realize vibration isolation in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and has stable vibration isolation performance, simple structure and convenient setting. It should be particularly noted that the horizontal vibration isolation of the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 of the present invention can effectively isolate large vibration, and is especially suitable for earthquake; the vertical vibration isolation of the three-dimensional vibration isolation mount 1000 of the present invention can effectively isolate small vibrations.
According to the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 provided by the embodiment of the invention, the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 is arranged in the structural vertical bearing member or at the bottom of the structural vertical bearing member through the upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 2, on one hand, the sliding block assembly 3 is arranged between the upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 2, the vertical bearing capacity of the sliding block assembly 3 is large, the vertical rigidity is small, and the vertical self-vibration period of the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 is small, so that the response of vertical environmental vibration in the upper structure can be reduced by the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000; on the other hand, the lower link plate 2 is disposed opposite to the upper link plate 1 in a spaced relationship and is translatable relative to each other, the slider assembly 3 is slidable between the upper link plate 1 and the lower link plate 2, the upper link plate 1 and the lower link plate 2 are horizontally translatable relative to each other when the upper structure and the lower structure are horizontally moved, and the slider assembly 3 is also slidable between the upper link plate 1 and the lower link plate 2, whereby the three-dimensional vibration isolation mount 1000 can reduce the response caused by a horizontal earthquake in the upper structure. To sum up, the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 can simultaneously realize vibration isolation of the horizontal direction to the earthquake and vibration isolation of the vertical direction to the environment, avoid the upper structure from being damaged in the earthquake, simultaneously ensure the use comfort of the building in the vertical vibration, and has good vibration isolation performance, simple design, long service life, simple structure and convenient setting.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the upper connecting plate 1 is provided with a first concave spherical surface 11, the first concave spherical surface 11 faces downward; the lower connecting plate 2 is provided with a second concave spherical surface 21, and the second concave spherical surface 21 faces upwards and is opposite to the first concave spherical surface 11; the slider assembly 3 includes an upper slider end plate 31, a lower slider end plate 32, a guide rod 33, and an elastic support 34; the upper sliding end plate 31 is provided with a first convex spherical surface 311 and a first horizontal surface 312, the first horizontal surface 312 is provided with an inner concave circular groove 313, and the first convex spherical surface 311 and the first inner concave spherical surface 11 can be matched and attached in a relatively sliding manner; the lower sliding end plate 32 is arranged below the upper sliding end plate 31 at a relative interval, the lower sliding end plate 32 is provided with a second convex spherical surface 321 and a second horizontal surface 322, the second convex spherical surface 321 and the second concave spherical surface 21 can be matched and attached in a relatively sliding manner, and the second horizontal surface 322 and the first horizontal surface 312 are opposite to each other; the guide rod 33 is vertically arranged, the lower end of the guide rod 33 is fixed with the second horizontal plane 322 of the lower sliding end plate 32, the upper end of the guide rod 33 extends into the inner concave circular groove 313 of the upper sliding end plate 31, and the guide rod 33 is in clearance fit with the inner peripheral wall of the inner concave circular groove 313; the elastic support 34 is disposed on the guide bar 33, an upper end of the elastic support 34 contacts the first horizontal plane 312, and a lower end of the elastic support 34 contacts the second horizontal plane 322.
It can be understood that the elastic support 34 of the slider assembly 3 is compressed under the action of the axial force, the guide rod 33 does not bear the axial force, the vertical load of the upper structure is transmitted sequentially through the upper connecting plate 1, the upper sliding end plate 31, the elastic support 34, the lower sliding end plate 32 and the lower connecting plate 2, the vertical rigidity of the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 is equal to the axial rigidity of the elastic support 34, and the elastic support 34 has larger vertical bearing force and smaller vertical rigidity, so that the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 has a smaller vertical self-vibration period to realize vertical vibration isolation;
when the upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 2 translate relatively to each other, by arranging the first concave spherical surface 11, the second concave spherical surface 21, the first convex spherical surface 311 and the second convex spherical surface 321, the first concave spherical surface 11 and the first convex spherical surface 311 can relatively slide and fit, the second convex spherical surface 321 and the second concave spherical surface 21 can relatively slide and fit, the slider assembly 3 integrally translates, meanwhile, the first convex spherical surface 311 deflects to one side, the first convex spherical surface 311 and the first concave spherical surface 11 slide relatively to each other, correspondingly, the second convex spherical surface 321 deflects to the other side, the second convex spherical surface 321 and the second concave spherical surface 21 slide relatively to each other, the slider assembly 3 rotates, the guide rod 33 of the slider assembly 3 contacts with the upper sliding end plate 31 under the action of a transverse force to transmit force, the elastic support member 34 does not bear the transverse force, and a horizontal load sequentially passes through the upper connecting plate 1, the lower connecting plate 31 and the upper connecting, The upper sliding end plate 31, the guide rod 33 and the lower connecting plate 2.
Further, the rotation angle θ of the slider assembly 3 is arcsin (x/R) and x/R (rad), where R is the equivalent curvature radius of the friction pendulum and x is the displacement of the friction pendulum.
It should be noted that the inner concave circular groove 313 is arranged in the center of the first horizontal plane 312 of the upper sliding end plate 31, the horizontal force borne by the structure is small in the normal use process, the sliding block assembly 3 is located in the center of the upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 2, and the sliding block assembly 3 is in a vertical state; inner circular groove 313 has a diameter slightly larger than guide rod 33 to facilitate relative movement of guide rod 33 and inner circular groove 313 in a direction along the axis of guide rod 33.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the radius of curvature of the first concave spherical surface 11 is the same as the radius of curvature of the first convex spherical surface 311, and the area of the first concave spherical surface 11 is larger than the area of the first convex spherical surface 311; the radius of curvature of the second concave spherical surface 21 is the same as the radius of curvature of the second convex spherical surface 321, and the area of the second concave spherical surface 21 is larger than the area of the second convex spherical surface 321. Therefore, the first concave spherical surface 11 and the first convex spherical surface 311 can be tightly attached, the first convex spherical surface 311 can smoothly rotate along the first concave spherical surface 11, the second concave spherical surface 21 and the second convex spherical surface 321 can be tightly attached, and the second convex spherical surface 321 can smoothly rotate along the second concave spherical surface 21, so as to realize horizontal vibration isolation.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the upper connecting plate 1 is provided with a first retainer ring 12 extending downward, and the first retainer ring 12 is arranged around the periphery of the first concave spherical surface 11; the lower connecting plate 2 is provided with a second retainer 22 extending upwards, and the second retainer 22 is arranged around the second concave spherical surface 21. It can be understood that the first retainer ring 12 can limit the second convex spherical surface 321, and the second retainer ring 22 can limit the second convex spherical surface 321, so as to prevent the sliding block assembly 3 from sliding out of the first concave spherical surface 11 or the second concave spherical surface 21 due to too large displacement.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the first concave spherical surface 11, the second concave spherical surface 21, the first convex spherical surface 311 and the second convex spherical surface 321 are polished, at least one of the first concave spherical surface 11 and the first convex spherical surface 311 is coated with a teflon layer, and at least one of the second concave spherical surface 21 and the second convex spherical surface 321 is coated with a teflon layer. Thus, the friction coefficient between the first concave spherical surface 11 and the first convex spherical surface 311 and between the second concave spherical surface 21 and the second convex spherical surface 321 is low and stable when relative sliding occurs, which is convenient for the structural design and use of the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the upper surface of the upper connection plate 1 is a third level 13 and the lower surface of the lower connection plate 2 is a fourth level 23. Specifically, four corners of the upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 2 are four-corner flat plates, the four-corner flat plate of the upper connecting plate 1 and the four-corner flat plate of the lower connecting plate 2 are provided with bolt holes, and the upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 2 are fixed on the upper structure and the lower structure respectively through the corresponding bolt holes by bolts. The bolts are bolts with the grade of more than 8.8, and are convenient to connect and fix.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the upper connecting plate 1, the lower connecting plate 2, the upper sliding end plate 31, the lower sliding end plate 32 and the guide rod 33 are made of steel having a strength of Q345 or more. Therefore, the upper connecting plate 1, the lower connecting plate 2, the upper sliding end plate 31, the lower sliding end plate 32 and the guide rod 33 are good in comprehensive mechanical property, and the rigidity can be guaranteed while the size of the sliding assembly is small.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the elastic support 34 of the slider assembly 3 is under axial forceCompressed and guide 33 is not subjected to axial forces; under the action of the transverse force of the sliding block assembly 3, the guide rod 33 is in contact with the upper sliding end plate 31 to transmit force, and the elastic support 34 does not bear the transverse force. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, under the action of an axial force, the vertical load N of the slider assembly 3 can be decomposed into two component forces along the normal direction and the tangential direction of the first convex spherical surface 311 and two component forces along the normal direction and the tangential direction of the second convex spherical surface 321, and at the same time, the lower connecting plate 2 has a friction force on the lower sliding end plate 32 along the tangential direction of the second convex spherical surface 321. The slide assembly 3 is thus subjected to a relatively large axial force FaxisAnd a relatively small transverse force FfThe resilient support 34 is compressed, axial force FaxisTransmitted by the elastic supporting member 34, the upper end of the guide rod 33 is inserted into the inner concave circular groove 313 of the upper sliding end plate 31 and contacts the wall of the inner concave circular groove 313 due to the fixing of the lower end of the guide rod 33 to the second horizontal surface 322 of the lower sliding end plate 32 under the action of the transverse force FfSequentially passes through the upper connecting plate 1, the upper sliding end plate 31, the guide rod 33 and the lower connecting plate 2.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the vertical stiffness of the elastic support 34 enables the vertical natural vibration period of the superstructure to be adjusted to a range that is not excited by ambient vibrations, so as to achieve vertical vibration isolation. It can be understood that the vertical stiffness of the three-dimensional vibration isolation mount 1000 is equal to the axial stiffness of the elastic support 34, so that the vertical natural vibration period of the three-dimensional vibration isolation mount 1000 can be adjusted by adjusting the vertical stiffness of the elastic support 34, so as to adjust the vertical natural vibration period of the superstructure to a range that is not excited by the environmental vibration, so as to realize vertical vibration isolation.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the elastic support 34 is a disc spring 341 or a block of elastic material 342. Specifically, there are a plurality of disc springs 341, and because the disc springs 341 have different mechanical properties when being stacked and folded, the plurality of disc springs 341 may be arranged in a specific manner to form the elastic supporting member 34 according to actual needs, the elastic material block 342 may be a whole or divided into a plurality of blocks, when the elastic material block 342 is a whole, the elastic material block is directly sleeved on the guide rod 33, and when the elastic material block 342 is a plurality of blocks, for example, four blocks, the four elastic material blocks 342 are respectively installed.
It should be noted that the steel material, surface condition and machining precision of the disc spring 341 all meet the requirements of disc spring 341 specification GB/T1972-.
According to yet a further embodiment of the invention, there is a gap between the piece of resilient material 342 and the guide rod 33. It can be understood that the elastic material block 342 is sleeved on the guide rod 33, when the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 is subjected to vertical pressure, the elastic material block 342 is subjected to pressure and expands transversely, and a gap is reserved between the elastic material block 342 and the guide rod 33, so that an active space can be provided for the elastic material block 342, and the structure is reasonable.
According to yet a further embodiment of the present invention, the block of resilient material 342 is made of a material having a high yield strength under compression and a low Young's modulus. Specifically, the block of resilient material 342 has a compressive yield strength greater than 50MPa and a Young's modulus less than 4 GPa.
According to still further embodiments of the present invention, the elastic material block 342 is made of any one material selected from polycarbonate and its derivatives, polymethylmethacrylate and its derivatives, polyurethane and its derivatives, nylon-based materials, polyoxymethylene and its derivatives, and epoxy resins. Thus, the elastic material block 342 with different material can be selected according to actual conditions.
The three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 according to the embodiment of the invention comprises the following manufacturing steps:
determining the vertical rigidity required by the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 and the equivalent curvature radius of the friction pendulum according to the natural vibration frequency of the target structure, and determining the vertical load required by a single three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000;
the elastic support 34 is selected and designed according to the vertical load and the vertical rigidity required by the single three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000;
determining the height of the slide block assembly 3, and determining the curvature radius of the first concave spherical surface 11, the first convex spherical surface 311, the second concave spherical surface 21 and the second convex spherical surface 321 according to the determined slide block height;
Specifically, the vertical stiffness required by the three-dimensional vibration isolation mount 1000 and the equivalent curvature radius of the friction pendulum are determined according to the natural vibration frequency of the target structure, and the vertical load required by a single three-dimensional vibration isolation mount 1000 is confirmed. Firstly, according to the vertical stiffness, the vertical load and the equivalent curvature radius of the friction pendulum required by the natural frequency of the actual target on the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000, assuming that the vertical natural frequency of the system formed by the upper structure of the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 is fv and the horizontal natural frequency of the horizontal direction is fHThe three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 is provided with a plurality of vertical loads, the vertical load distributed to the upper structure of a single three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 is N, the rigidity of the upper structure is significantly greater than that of the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000, the upper structure can be regarded as a mass block during primary design, and the vertical rigidity required by the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 is kV＝(2πfV)2N/g, the equivalent radius of curvature of the friction pendulum is R-g/(2 pi f)H)2And g is the acceleration of gravity.
The resilient support 34 is selected and designed according to the vertical load and vertical stiffness required for a single three-dimensional isolation mount 1000. Since the vertical performance of the three-dimensional vibration isolation mount 1000 is not substantially affected by the horizontal movement, the design of the elastic support 34 is performed independently, the bearing capacity of the elastic support 34 is generally 1.5N to 2N, and the stiffness of the elastic support 34 needs to be as close as possible to the target value kV. When the elastic support 34 is the disc spring 341, the key parameters of the disc spring 341 are the size of the disc spring 341, the number m of superposed discs of the disc spring 341 and the number i of superposed discs, and it is assumed that the load (maximum bearing force) when a single disc spring 341 is flattened is FcElastic compression stiffness of k1If the total pressing load of the disc spring 341 group is Fc,all＝m·FcTotal elastic compression stiffness of kall＝m·k1If F is not satisfied,/ic,all>1.5N and kall∈[0.9kv,1.1kv]The size, the number of overlapping m, or the number of overlapping i of the disc spring 341 needs to be adjusted.
It should be noted that the disc spring 341 may need to use a non-standard size, and when there is no reliable performance data to be referred to, the size of the required single disc spring 341 may be preliminarily determined by using methods such as mechanical calculation and finite element simulation, and the actual test is performed on the specially-made disc spring 341 test piece.
When the resilient support 34 is a block of resilient material 342, the selected block of resilient material 342 is assumed to have a yield strength under pressure of fyThe young's modulus is E, and the required cross-sectional area of the block of resilient material 342 is a ═ γ N/f to withstand vertical loadsyAnd γ is a safety factor, which can typically be 1.5 to 2.0, and assuming a total effective height h of the block of resilient material 342, the block of resilient material 342 has a stiffness kmEA/h. If k is not satisfiedm∈[0.9kv,1.1kv]It may be desirable to adjust the cross-sectional area, height, or other material of the piece of resilient material 342.
The height of the slider assembly 3 is determined, and the radii of curvature of the first concave spherical surface 11, the first convex spherical surface 311, the second concave spherical surface 21, and the second convex spherical surface 321 are determined based on the determined height of the slider assembly 3. Because the motion of the three-dimensional vibration isolation support 1000 in the horizontal direction is influenced by the height of the slider assembly 3, the height h of the slider assembly 3 is determined firstly, and the equivalent curvature radius of the friction pendulum is assumed to be R, and the curvature radius of the first concave spherical surface 11 is assumed to be R1The radius of curvature of the second concave spherical surface 21 is R2And the equivalent radius of curvature is R ═ R1+R2-h, in particular embodiments, R1And R2The same value is taken, whereby the radius of curvature R of the first concave spherical surface 11 can be determined1The curvature radius R of the first convex spherical surface 3111The radius of curvature R of the second concave spherical surface 212And the radius of curvature R of the second convex spherical surface 3212。
The bending resistance of the guide rod 33 needs to be checked
Shear bearing capacity
And local bearing capacity Fc,con＝fy·Dcon·hconAnd F is satisfied during checking calculationm,con≥Ff，max，Fs,con≥Ff，max，Fc,con≥Ff，max。
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A three-dimensional vibration isolating mount, comprising:
an upper connection plate for connection with an upper structure;
the lower connecting plate is used for being connected with a lower structure, the lower connecting plate is positioned below the upper connecting plate, and the lower connecting plate and the upper connecting plate are oppositely arranged at intervals and can translate relatively to each other;
the sliding block assembly is arranged between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, and the vertical bearing capacity of the sliding block assembly is large, the vertical rigidity of the sliding block assembly is small, so that the vertical self-vibration period of the three-dimensional vibration isolation support is small, and the sliding block assembly is used for vertical vibration isolation; the slider assembly is slidable between the upper and lower connection plates, so that the three-dimensional vibration isolation support has a small horizontal rigidity for horizontal vibration isolation.
2. The three-dimensional vibration isolating mount according to claim 1,
the upper connecting plate is provided with a first concave spherical surface, and the first concave spherical surface faces downwards;
the lower connecting plate is provided with a second concave spherical surface which faces upwards and is opposite to the first concave spherical surface;
the sliding block assembly comprises an upper sliding end plate, a lower sliding end plate, a guide rod and an elastic supporting piece; the upper sliding end plate is provided with a first outer convex spherical surface and a first horizontal surface, an inner concave circular groove is arranged on the first horizontal surface, and the first outer convex spherical surface and the first inner concave spherical surface can be matched and attached in a relatively sliding manner; the lower sliding end plate is arranged below the upper sliding end plate at a relative interval, the lower sliding end plate is provided with a second convex spherical surface and a second horizontal surface, the second convex spherical surface and the second concave spherical surface can be matched and attached in a relatively sliding manner, and the second horizontal surface is opposite to the first horizontal surface; the guide rod is vertically arranged, the lower end of the guide rod is fixed with the second horizontal plane of the lower sliding end plate, the upper end of the guide rod extends into the inner concave circular groove of the upper sliding end plate, and the guide rod is in clearance fit with the inner peripheral wall of the inner concave circular groove; the elastic support piece is sleeved on the guide rod, the upper end of the elastic support piece is in contact with the first horizontal plane, and the lower end of the elastic support piece is in contact with the second horizontal plane.
3. The three-dimensional vibration isolation mount according to claim 2, wherein the radius of curvature of said first concave spherical surface is the same as the radius of curvature of said first convex spherical surface, and the area of said first concave spherical surface is larger than the area of said first convex spherical surface; the curvature radius of the second concave spherical surface is the same as that of the second convex spherical surface, and the area of the second concave spherical surface is larger than that of the second convex spherical surface.
4. The three-dimensional vibration isolation support according to claim 2, wherein the upper connecting plate is provided with a first retaining ring extending downwards, and the first retaining ring is arranged around the periphery of the first concave spherical surface; and the lower connecting plate is provided with a second retaining ring extending upwards, and the second retaining ring is arranged around the second concave spherical surface in a surrounding manner.
5. The three-dimensional vibration isolation bearing according to claim 2, wherein the first concave spherical surface, the second concave spherical surface, the first convex spherical surface and the second convex spherical surface are polished, at least one of the first concave spherical surface and the first convex spherical surface is coated with a teflon layer, and at least one of the second concave spherical surface and the second convex spherical surface is coated with a teflon layer.
6. The three-dimensional vibration isolating mount according to claim 2, wherein said slider assembly is under axial force, said resilient support is compressed and said guide rod is not under axial force; under the action of transverse force, the guide rod and the upper sliding end plate are in contact with each other to transfer force, and the elastic supporting piece does not bear the transverse force.
7. The three-dimensional vibration isolation mount according to claim 2, wherein the vertical stiffness of the elastic support allows the vertical natural vibration period of the superstructure to be adjusted to a range that is not excited by ambient vibrations to achieve vertical vibration isolation.
8. The three dimensional vibration isolation mount according to claim 2, wherein said resilient support is a disc spring or a block of resilient material.
9. The three dimensional vibration isolation mount according to claim 8, wherein said block of resilient material is spaced from said guide rods.
10. The three dimensional vibration isolation mount according to claim 8, wherein said block of resilient material is made of a material having a high yield strength under compression and a low young's modulus.
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| CN112523363B (en) | 2022-03-08 |
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