CN112522110A - Microbial agent suitable for dendrobium wilt and application thereof - Google Patents
Microbial agent suitable for dendrobium wilt and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a microbial agent suitable for dendrobium wilt and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of dendrobium planting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dendrobium planting, in particular to a microbial agent suitable for dendrobium wilt and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Dendrobe (Dendrobium spp.) is a larger genus of epiphytic plants in Orchidaceae, about 1000 species are found in the world at present, 74 and 2 varieties exist in China, and common Dendrobium officinale, Dendrobium devonianum, Dendrobium moniliforme, Dendrobium huoshanense and the like exist, wherein the Dendrobium officinale and the Dendrobium nobile are both recorded by the pharmacopoeia of the national calendar, have the effects of nourishing yin, promoting the production of body fluid and the like, and are important Chinese medicinal material resources. The dendrobium is an epiphytic plant, has fleshy roots, is usually grown on barks, trunks or in stone cracks in a wild way, is a typical mycorrhizal plant, has rich endophytic fungi, and is generally harvested about two years after being transplanted due to the long planting period of the dendrobium officinale, the harvesting period is long, the dendrobium officinale can be harvested circularly, and about five years of time can be generally harvested, so the management of the dendrobium officinale after being transplanted is particularly important; in the cultivation process of the dendrobium officinale, blight often occurs to cause large-area yield reduction and even total harvest of the dendrobium officinale.
The dendrobium wilt disease is mainly to damage the root of the plant, pathogenic bacteria infect the root system of the dendrobium to cause the plant to wilt, and the root system is dead. The epidermis of the stem at the base of the plant becomes rough and occasionally has cracks, white or pink mildew can be seen when the humidity is high, and some rootstock bases can also see water-soaked scabs. When the root of the rhizome is transversely or longitudinally cut, the vascular bundle has brown or black brown ring changes.
The dendrobium wilt is prevented and treated by chemical agents in the existing dendrobium planting process. However, there are disadvantages as follows:
1. the prevention and treatment effect is poor; 2. high chemical residue and soil pollution.
Therefore, a microbial agent capable of preventing and treating dendrobium wilt is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the invention provides a microbial agent suitable for dendrobium wilt and application thereof, wherein strains are not antagonistic and are synergistic, and the main purposes of the microbial agent are favorable for preventing and treating dendrobium wilt and promoting the growth of dendrobium.
In order to achieve the aim, the microbial agent suitable for the dendrobium wilt disease consists of a bursa of fabricius morchella fungicide and a trichoderma harzianum fungicide; the effective viable count of Moxidou ductocladium and Trichoderma harzianum in the microbial agent suitable for dendrobium wilt is not less than 3 x 108CFU/g。
Further, preferably, the ratio of the trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum to the pipewort mossease microbial inoculum is 3-5: 1 in parts by weight on a dry basis.
The invention also protects a preparation method of the microbial agent suitable for the dendrobium wilt.
The method comprises the following steps of planting and breeding the trachelospermum moxidense through corns in advance, taking a mixture of spores, extra-root hyphae and root soil of infected corn root segments of the trachelospermum moxidense as a trachelospermum moxidense microbial inoculum, wherein each gram of the trachelospermum moxidense microbial inoculum contains 25-35 spores;
the trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum is trichoderma harzianum wettable powder.
The invention also protects the application of the microbial agent suitable for the dendrobium wilt in the dendrobium wilt.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the microbial agent suitable for the blight of the dendrobium, provided by the invention, takes the mixture of the bursa of mosseae fungus agent and the trichoderma harzianum fungus agent as the microbial agent, so that the probability of the blight of the dendrobium is effectively reduced.
The survival rate of the dendrobium tissue culture seedlings can be improved and the growth of the seedlings can be accelerated by the endophytic fungi such as the bursa of mochi fungi, the trichoderma harzianum and the like, the problem that the symbiotic relationship is unbalanced due to overlarge bacteria content inoculated by a bacteria liquid is avoided after the microbial inoculum is prepared, and the dendrobium tissue culture seedlings cannot be polluted due to the residue of a culture medium.
Meanwhile, the mixed microbial inoculum obviously promotes the growth of the root system of the dendrobium tissue culture seedling, and the growth promoting effect of the bursa of mosseae microbial inoculum and the trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum is superior to that of the bursa of mosseae microbial inoculum or the trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum which is inoculated independently by utilizing the synergistic effect of the subordinate branch fungi and the trichoderma harzianum, so that the synergistic effect of the bursa of mosseae microbial inoculum and the trichoderma harzianum is proved to exist in the aspect of preventing and treating dendrobium wilt.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of different microbial agents on the total root length in an example of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of different microbial agents on the total surface area of roots in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of different microbial agents on the mean diameter of roots in examples of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of different microbial agents on the total volume of roots in examples of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The examples do not show specific techniques or conditions, the techniques or conditions are described in the literature in the field, or the specifications of the products, and the reagents or apparatuses used are not shown in the manufacturers, and the conventional products can be purchased from normal distributors.
In the prior art, Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are typical Plant root symbiotic microorganisms, and Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are soil microorganisms that have a combined action of stimulating Plant growth and inhibiting Plant pathogenic bacteria and the like in Plant rhizosphere life; the PGPR has the biological control effect on harmful pathogenic microorganisms and non-parasitic rhizosphere harmful microorganisms in soil, has the promotion effect on the absorption and utilization of mineral nutrition by plants, and can produce metabolites beneficial to the growth of the plants, thereby promoting the growth and development of the plants.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are beneficial soil microorganisms that can infect most higher plants in the terrestrial ecosystem and form a "mycorrhizal" symbiotic structure, and are one of the important functional flora of the ecosystem. AM fungi, Trichoderma and plant root growth-promoting bacteria (PGPR) are typical plant root symbiotic microorganisms. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi include comycete mossease.
Trichoderma (Trichoderma spp.) belongs to fungi kingdom, binuclear mycoderm, deuteromycotina, hyphomycetes, Moniliales and Moniliaceae, and is favored to grow on substrates rich in corrosive substances such as wood chips and barks, is a fungus with strong adaptability, high propagation speed and high biocontrol value, and has prevention and treatment effects on various plant diseases. Part of trichoderma can be colonized on the dendrobium tissue, and trichoderma harzianum, trichoderma atroviride, trichoderma viride and the like can generate symbiotic relation with plants.
By utilizing the synergistic effect of the branched fungi and the trichoderma, the growth promoting effect of the trichoderma moschatum (Fusneliformis mossea) fungicide and the trichoderma harzianum fungicide is better than that of the trichoderma moschatum fungicide or the trichoderma harzianum fungicide which is inoculated independently, so that the synergistic effect of the trichoderma moschatum and the trichoderma harzianum in the aspect of dendrobium wilt is proved.
Wherein, 3 is multiplied by 108CFU/g Trichoderma harzianum (Trichoderma) wettable powder (hereinafter referred to as Trichoderma harzianum WP) is commercially available; the mosaicdous pipecolis is commercially available.
Preparation example 1
The bursa of Moxifrage is planted and propagated by corns in advance, the mixture of spores, extra-root hyphae and root soil of infected corn root segments of the bursa of Moxifrage is used as a bursa of Moxifrage microbial inoculum, and each gram of the bursa of Moxifrage microbial inoculum contains 25-35 spores. Specifically, the propagating step comprises:
takes the spores, hyphae and soil samples of infected plant root segments of the Muscosculus tussississimus as an initial inoculant and takes corn or Sudan grass as host plants.
The method comprises the steps of taking a mixture of farmland soil and organic fertilizer as a propagation expanding matrix, respectively air-drying the farmland soil and the organic fertilizer, sieving the farmland soil and the organic fertilizer by a 2mm sieve, uniformly mixing the farmland soil and the organic fertilizer according to a volume ratio of 2:1, and sterilizing the farmland soil and the organic fertilizer before or after mixing respectively to obtain the propagation expanding matrix. Wherein the sterilization method of the propagation matrix comprises steam sterilization at 121 ℃, sterilization for 1-2 hours, taking out and cooling to room temperature.
Adding water into the propagation matrix, wherein the adding amount of the water is 15-20% of the total mass of the propagation matrix and the initial inoculant; after the host plant is sowed and in the growth process, the host plant is managed conventionally to ensure the normal growth of the host plant, the host plant is cultured for 3-4 months, the overground part of the host plant is cut off, the cut root section is uniformly mixed with a substrate, and the air-dried substrate containing the root section of the host plant, the spores of the mycosphaerella pusilla and the hyphae outside the root is the single mycosphaerella pusilla fungicide.
And mixing the Moxidoutongguan mildew agent and the Trichoderma harzianum wettable powder according to the mass ratio of 1:3 to form mixed bacteria powder, namely the first microbial agent for the dendrobium wilt.
Preparation example 2
And mixing the Moxidoutongguan mildew agent and the Trichoderma harzianum wettable powder according to the mass ratio of 1:5 to form mixed bacteria powder, namely a microbial agent II suitable for the dendrobium wilt.
Preparation example 3
And mixing the Moxidoutongguan mildew agent and the Trichoderma harzianum wettable powder according to the mass ratio of 1:4 to form mixed bacteria powder, namely the microbial agent III suitable for the dendrobium wilt.
Preparation example 4
The bursa of Moxifrage is planted and propagated by corns in advance, the mixture of spores, extra-root hyphae and root soil of infected corn root segments of the bursa of Moxifrage is used as a bursa of Moxifrage microbial inoculum, and each gram of the bursa of Moxifrage microbial inoculum contains 25-35 spores. Specifically, the propagating step comprises:
takes the spores, hyphae and soil samples of infected plant root segments of the Muscosculus tussississimus as an initial inoculant and takes corn or Sudan grass as host plants.
The method comprises the steps of taking a mixture of farmland soil and organic fertilizer as a propagation expanding matrix, respectively air-drying the farmland soil and the organic fertilizer, sieving the farmland soil and the organic fertilizer by a 2mm sieve, uniformly mixing the farmland soil and the organic fertilizer according to a volume ratio of 2:1, and sterilizing the farmland soil and the organic fertilizer before or after mixing respectively to obtain the propagation expanding matrix. Wherein the sterilization method of the propagation matrix comprises steam sterilization at 121 ℃, sterilization for 1-2 hours, taking out and cooling to room temperature.
Adding water into the propagation matrix, wherein the adding amount of the water is 15-20% of the total mass of the propagation matrix and the initial inoculant; after the host plant is sown and in the growth process, the host plant is subjected to conventional management to ensure normal growth, the host plant is cultured for 3-4 months, the overground part of the host plant is cut off, the cut root sections are uniformly mixed with a matrix, and the air-dried matrix containing the root sections of the host plant, the spores of the mycosphaerella pusilla and the hyphae outside the roots is the single mycosphaerella pusilla fungicide, and the single mycosphaerella pusilla fungicide is used as a microbial fungicide IV.
And the Trichoderma harzianum wettable powder is used as a microbial agent V.
Example 1
The fertilizer efficiency test is carried out on dendrobium in the Cistus area of Puer city in 2019 from 4 months to 2019 and 8 months.
The test is carried out by setting 6 treatments, namely a treatment group (microbial agent is used for irrigating roots) and a control group (common pesticide is used for irrigating roots), wherein the area of each cell is 150m2Each treatment was repeated 3 times at a planting density of 45 plants/m2。
Treatment groups 1-5: for five microbial agents: a first microbial agent, a second microbial agent, a third microbial agent, a fourth microbial agent and a fifth microbial agent are numbered into a treatment group 1, a treatment group 2, a treatment group 3, a treatment group 4 and a treatment group 5;
irrigating roots of the dendrobium with high-content microbial inoculum 1-5 in the middle growth stage (the high-content microbial inoculum is 100g added with 50 kg/mu of water);
control group 6: the soil fertilization is carried out according to the conventional fertilization of farmers (common pesticides are irrigated to roots), and the management measures are carried out according to the conventional requirements.
Sample collection method
In each processing cell, the area is randomly selected to be 1m2As a sample collection area.
Test results and analysis
The root system is the active absorption organ and synthesis organ of the plant, and the growth condition of the root is directly related to the nutrition level of the upper part of the plant. The shape of the root system of the dendrobium seedling is analyzed, and the result is as follows.
The influence of different treatments on the total root length, the total root surface area, the average root diameter and the total root volume of the dendrobium seedlings is shown in the figures 1-4; FIGS. 1-4 generally depict the effect of different treatments on the dendrobium seedling roots, wherein FIG. 1 shows the effect of different microbial agents on the total root length; FIG. 2 shows the effect of different microbial agents on the total surface area of the roots; FIG. 3 shows the effect of different microbial agents on the mean root diameter; FIG. 4 shows the effect of different microbial agents on the total volume of roots.
Growth promoting effect of different treatments on dendrobium
As can be seen from fig. 1-4, the total root length, the total root surface area, the average root diameter and the total root volume of the dendrobium nobile seedlings treated by the microbial inoculum are all significantly higher than those of the control group 6, which indicates that the microbial inoculum is beneficial to promoting the growth of the dendrobium nobile root system; wherein the treatment groups 1-3 are obviously higher than the treatment groups 4 and 5, which shows that the growth promoting effect of the mixed microbial inoculum of the bursa of mosaics fungus microbial inoculum and the trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum is higher than that of the single bursa of mosaics fungus microbial inoculum or trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum.
The healing effects of different treatments on dendrobium wilt disease are shown in table 1. 1-3 microbial agents are used for irrigating the dendrobium plants, and the morbidity of dendrobium wilt is lower than 10%; the plants of dendrobium stem irrigated with common pesticide have 55 diseases, and the disease incidence rate is 40.7%. In addition, the morbidity of dendrobium wilt of the compound microbial inoculant in the treatment groups 1-3 is lower than 10%; the incidence rate of dendrobium wilt disease of the treatment group 4 (namely, single Moxidou ductal mildew agent) is higher than 20 percent, and the incidence rate of dendrobium wilt disease of the treatment group 5 (Trichoderma harzianum wettable powder) is 40 percent; therefore, the growth promoting effect of the bursa of mosaicensis fungus agent and the trichoderma harzianum fungus agent is better than that of the bursa of mosaicensis fungus agent or the trichoderma harzianum fungus agent which is singly inoculated.
TABLE 1 Effect of different treatments on Dendrobium wilt
Through the comprehensive comparison, the high-content microbial agent for dendrobium wilt disclosed by the invention is used for irrigating roots with the microbial agent in the growth period of dendrobium on the basis of local conventional fertilization, so that the effect of promoting the growth and development of dendrobium is remarkable, wherein the incidence rate of dendrobium wilt is reduced by 30%, and the high-content microbial agent has a certain popularization value.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove by way of general description, specific embodiments and experiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications and improvements can be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements do not depart from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The microbial agent suitable for the dendrobium wilt is characterized by consisting of a bursa of fabricius mossambica microbial agent and a trichoderma harzianum microbial agent; the effective viable count of both the Trichosporon moschatum and Trichoderma harzianum in the microbial agent suitable for the dendrobium wilt is not less than 3.0 x 108CFU/g。
2. The microbial agent suitable for the dendrobium wilt according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the trichoderma harzianum microbial agent to the pipewort mossease microbial agent on a dry basis is 3-5: 1.
3. The preparation method of microbial agent suitable for dendrobe wilt according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps of planting and breeding the trachelospermum moxidense through corns in advance, taking a mixture of spores, extra-root hyphae and root soil of infected corn root segments of the trachelospermum moxidense as a trachelospermum moxidense microbial inoculum, wherein each gram of the trachelospermum moxidense microbial inoculum contains 25-35 spores;
the trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum is trichoderma harzianum wettable powder.
4. The use of the microbial inoculant according to claim 1 or 2, suitable for a dendrobium wilt, in a dendrobium wilt.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116235867A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-06-09 | 乐施康农业科技有限公司 | Pathogen for preventing and treating cotton wilt and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104988079A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-10-21 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Trichoderma harzianum JSNL1404 and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104988079A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-10-21 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Trichoderma harzianum JSNL1404 and application thereof |
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| 崔利等: "摩西斗管囊霉改善连作花生根际土壤的微环境", 《植物生态学报》 * |
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| CN116235867A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-06-09 | 乐施康农业科技有限公司 | Pathogen for preventing and treating cotton wilt and preparation method thereof |
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