CN112521847A - Sound-absorbing low-density all-water spraying composite material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Sound-absorbing low-density all-water spraying composite material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
Abstract
The invention relates to a sound-absorbing low-density all-water spraying composite material, which mainly solves the problem of poor sound-absorbing effect of low-density all-water spraying foam in the prior art. The invention adopts a new sound-absorbing low-density all-water spraying composite material, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the adhesive comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the weight ratio of the component A to the component B is 1: 1-1.1, and the component A comprises the following components in percentage by weight: polyether polyol I: 10-25%, melamine polyol: 20-30%, polyether polyol II: 5-10%, polyester polyol: 5-15%, foam stabilizer: 2-4%, catalyst: 2-5%, flame retardant: 20-30%, foaming agent: 12-15%; the technical scheme that the foaming agent is water better solves the problem and can be used in the field of polyurethane spraying foam.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sound-absorbing low-density all-water spraying composite material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of modern science and technology and industry, noise pollution not only influences normal life and work of people constantly, but also seriously damages physical and psychological health of people; in the face of the current situation that the noise problem is becoming more and more serious, how to effectively prevent and control the noise problem becomes a big problem to be solved urgently in the current society. The sound transmission is composed of a sound source, a transmission path and a receiver, and controlling the sound source is the first step of processing noise pollution, but people pay more attention to reducing the harm of noise to the receiver by controlling the transmission path of the noise due to the objective existence of the sound source in the environment. Therefore, the development of a new sound-absorbing material is a feasible direction in the field of noise control.
Meanwhile, with the rapid improvement of national policies and the fire safety requirements of the public on the building heat-insulating materials in recent years, the flame retardant problem of the polyurethane material becomes an urgent problem which must be solved by the current polyurethane building heat-insulating industry.
In conclusion, there is a strong demand for polyurethane materials that have both sound absorption properties and flame retardancy.
In the prior art, a physical foaming agent is usually adopted for foaming in the foaming process of spraying foam, and the physical foaming agent is generally fluorinated alkane, but is not environment-friendly and has a slightly complex foaming process; compared with the foaming of a physical foaming agent, the preparation of the full-water foaming foam has simple and safe preparation process and lower requirement on foaming equipment, and the basic principle is that water and isocyanate are subjected to chemical reaction to release CO2Is actually CO2Foaming action, CO2The ODP is zero, and the material is nontoxic, safe, free of recycling problem and free of investment and reconstruction of foaming equipment.
Chinese patent CN109180894A discloses a preparation method of low-odor low-density polyurethane foam, which adopts polyether with low VOC, polyurethane auxiliary agent and water to react with isocyanate to prepare the low-odor low-density polyurethane foam; the method comprises the following specific steps: and stirring and mixing the low-VOC polyether, the low-VOC polyurethane auxiliary agent and water according to a proportion, then adding isocyanate, stirring and mixing at a high speed, and foaming to prepare the low-odor low-density polyurethane foam. The method adopts polyether with low VOC and polyurethane auxiliary agent to react with isocyanate to prepare the polyurethane with the density of 6-10kg/m3The low-density polyurethane foam has high strength and low odor. However, the patent does not mention the sound absorption and flame retardant properties of polyurethane foams.
The sound absorption performance is the sound absorption coefficient of the material tested according to the national standard GB/T18696.1-2004 test part 1 of sound absorption coefficient and sound impedance in an acoustic impedance tube, standing wave ratio method. The testing range of the device is 100 Hz-6300 Hz, the sample is cut into round samples with the diameter of 9.6cm and the diameter of 3cm respectively, the sound absorption coefficient at the low frequency is tested at 9.6cm, and the sound absorption coefficient at the high frequency is tested at 3 cm. The average sound absorption coefficients were calculated as 125Hz, 250Hz, 500Hz, 1000Hz, 2000Hz, and 4000 Hz.
It is considered that a material having a sound absorption coefficient of more than 0.2 is a sound absorbing material, and a material having a sound absorption coefficient of more than 0.5 is a good sound absorbing material.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the technical problems to be solved by the invention is to provide a novel sound-absorbing low-density all-water spray composite material, wherein the spray foam prepared from the spray composite material has the advantage of good sound-absorbing performance under the condition of flame retardant performance. The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing sound-absorbing low-density all-water spray coating composition corresponding to the first technical problem. The third technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an application of the sound-absorbing low-density all-water spraying composition material corresponding to one of the technical problems to be solved.
In order to solve one of the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the sound-absorbing low-density all-water spraying composite material comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the weight ratio of the component A to the component B is 1: 1-1.1, and the component A comprises the following components in percentage by weight: polyether polyol I: 10-25%, melamine polyol: 20-30%, polyether polyol II: 5-10%, polyester polyol: 5-15%, foam stabilizer: 2-4%, catalyst: 2-5%, flame retardant: 20-30%, foaming agent: 12-15%; the foaming agent is water; the functionality of the polyether polyol I is 4-6, and the number average molecular weight is 4000-12000; the functionality of the polyether polyol II is 2-3, and the number average molecular weight is 400-1200; the melamine polyol has a functionality of 3 to 3.5, a hydroxyl value of 125 to 155mgKOH/g, and a viscosity of 11000 to 15000mpa · s; the functionality of the polyester polyol is 2-3, and the hydroxyl value is 240-400 mgKOH/g; the foam stabilizer is selected from at least one of non-hydrolyzed silicon-carbon surfactant or polysiloxane surfactant; the catalyst is at least one of amine catalyst or metal catalyst; the flame retardant is phosphate flame retardant; the component B is polymethine polyphenyl polyisocyanate.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the component a comprises, by weight: polyether polyol I: 10-25%, melamine polyol: 20-30%, polyether polyol II: 5-7.5%, polyester polyol: 5-9.5%, foam stabilizer: 2-4%, catalyst: 2-5%, flame retardant: 20-30%, water: 12-15%.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the catalyst is at least three selected from potassium acetate, potassium isooctanoate, triethylene diamine, dibutyl tin dilaurate, N', N ″ -tris (dimethylaminopropyl) hexahydrotriazine, 3-dimethylaminopropylamine, pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, pentamethyldipropylenetriamine, trimethylaminoethylethanolamine, dimethylaminoethoxyethanol, and 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminoethyl) phenol.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the flame retardant is at least one selected from tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate, tris (1, 3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate, diethyl ethylphosphate, triethyl phosphate, and dimethyl propylphosphate.
The preparation method of the sound-absorbing low-density all-water spraying composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing raw materials according to the following components in percentage by weight:
the component A comprises the following components in percentage by weight: polyether polyol I: 10-25%, melamine polyol: 20-30%, polyether polyol II: 5-10%, polyester polyol: 5-15%, foam stabilizer: 2-4%, catalyst: 2-5%, flame retardant: 20-30%, foaming agent: 12-15%; the foaming agent is water; the polyether polyol I has the functionality of 4-6 and the number average molecular weight of 4000-12000; the functionality of the polyether polyol II is 2-3, and the number average molecular weight is 400-1200; the melamine polyol has a functionality of 3 to 3.5, a hydroxyl value of 125 to 155mgKOH/g, and a viscosity of 11000 to 15000mpa · s; the functionality of the polyester polyol is 2-3, and the hydroxyl value is 240-400 mgKOH/g; the foam stabilizer is selected from at least one of non-hydrolyzed silicon-carbon surfactant or polysiloxane surfactant; the catalyst is at least one of amine catalyst or metal catalyst; the flame retardant is phosphate flame retardant; the component B is polymethine polyphenyl polyisocyanate; the weight ratio of the component A to the component B is 1: 1-1.1;
(2) preparing a component A, namely sequentially adding the weighed polyether polyol I, melamine polyol, polyether polyol II, polyester polyol, foam stabilizer, catalyst, flame retardant and water into a reaction kettle according to the components and the weight ratio in the step (1), stirring for 1-1.5 hours at normal temperature, and fully mixing;
and (3) spraying the component A and the component B through a high-pressure spraying foaming machine, atomizing, foaming, forming and curing the foam to obtain the product.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the component a comprises, by weight: polyether polyol I: 10-25%, melamine polyol: 20-30%, polyether polyol II: 5-7.5%, polyester polyol: 5-9.5%, foam stabilizer: 2-4%, catalyst: 2-5%, flame retardant: 20-30%, water: 12-15%.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the operating conditions of the high-pressure spray foaming machine are as follows: the pressure of the equipment is 1500-2000 psi, and the temperature is 25-35 ℃; the spraying is uniform in moving speed; the temperature of the spraying construction environment is 10-35 ℃, and the relative humidity is less than 85%.
The application of the sound-absorbing low-density all-water spraying composite material in polyurethane spraying.
The invention provides a novel sound-absorbing low-density all-water spraying composite material and a preparation method thereof; the sound-absorbing low-density all-water spraying composite material is prepared by combining high-molecular-weight polyether polyol I, low-molecular-weight polyether polyol II, polyester polyol, melamine polyol, a flame retardant and a catalyst and adopting a technical scheme of all-water foaming, and the prepared sound-absorbing low-density all-water spraying composite material has flame retardant property (the oxygen index can be up to 27.2) and sound absorbing property (the average sound absorption coefficient can be up to 0.71) after being sprayed and foamed; meanwhile, the invention does not adopt a physical foaming agent, adopts full water for foaming, has the advantages of excellent economic benefit and environmental protection, and obtains better technical effect.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated by the following examples, but is not limited to these examples.
TABLE 1 raw material List
Polyether polyol I
| Name of raw material | Functionality degree | Molecular weight | Manufacturer of the product |
| CHE-628 | 6 | 12000 | CHANGHUA CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
| CHE-1Q59 | 4.5 | 7800 | CHANGHUA CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
| CHE-360N | 4 | 8000 | CHANGHUA CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
Polyether polyol II
| Name of raw material | Functionality degree | Molecular weight | Manufacturer of the product |
| CHE-307 | 3 | 700 | CHANGHUA CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
| CHE-210 | 2 | 1000 | CHANGHUA CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
| CHE-310 | 3 | 1000 | CHANGHUA CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
Melamine polyol:
polyester polyol:
foam stabilizer:
| name of raw material | Categories | Manufacturer of the product |
| B8545 | Non-hydrolytic silicon-carbon surfactant | EVONIK SPECIALTY CHEMICALS (SHANGHAI) Co.,Ltd. |
| LK443 | Polysiloxane surfactants | EVONIK SPECIALTY CHEMICALS (SHANGHAI) Co.,Ltd. |
| AK8803 | Polysiloxane surfactants | JIANGSU MAYSTA CHEMICAL Co.,Ltd. |
Catalyst:
| name of raw material | Manufacturer of the product |
| Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine | EVONIK SPECIALTY CHEMICALS (SHANGHAI) Co.,Ltd. |
| Triethylene diamine | EVONIK SPECIALTY CHEMICALS (SHANGHAI) Co.,Ltd. |
| N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine | EVONIK SPECIALTY CHEMICALS (SHANGHAI) Co.,Ltd. |
| Dibutyl tin dilaurate | EVONIK SPECIALTY CHEMICALS (SHANGHAI) Co.,Ltd. |
| Tris (dimethylaminopropyl) hexahydrotriazine | EVONIK SPECIALTY CHEMICALS (SHANGHAI) Co.,Ltd. |
Flame retardant:
| name of raw material | Manufacturer of the product |
| Tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate (TCPP) | Yake Jiangsu |
| Triethyl phosphate TEP | ZHANGJIAGANG NANGANG CHENGMING CHEMICAL Co.,Ltd. |
Polymethine polyphenyl polyisocyanates:
| name of raw material | Manufacturer of the product |
| PM-200 | Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd. |
| M20S | Basf-Fr |
| 44V20L | Scientific wound |
Example 1:
1, preparing a component A: 100 kg: polyether polyol I was weighed: CHE-62815 kg, polyether polyol II: CHE-3075.5kg, melamine polyol: EDS5083H 28kg, polyester polyol: PS 31528 kg, non-hydrolyzed silicon carbon type surfactant: b85452 kg, catalyst: a mixed catalyst composed of 1kg of pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, 0.8kg of triethylenediamine, 1kg of N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine and 0.2kg of dibutyltin dilaurate, a flame retardant: 27kg of tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate (TCPP), 6.5g of triethyl phosphate TEP, water: 12 kg;
2, sequentially adding the weighed polyether polyol I, melamine polyol, polyether polyol II, polyester polyol, foam stabilizer, catalyst, flame retardant and water into a reaction kettle, stirring for 1 hour at normal temperature, and fully mixing;
weighing a component B, namely polymethine polyphenyl polyisocyanate PM-200: 110 kg;
4, mixing the component A and the component B according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.1, through high-pressure spraying foaming machine, atomizing foaming, the foam is the curing of shaping fast, makes the full water spraying foam of sound absorption fire-retardant type low density, and high-pressure spraying machine operating condition is: the pressure of the equipment debugged is 1500-2000 psi, the temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the spraying atomization requirement is met. The moving speed must be uniform when spraying. The temperature of the spraying construction environment is preferably 10-35 ℃, the relative humidity is less than 85%, and the performance indexes of the prepared spraying foam are shown in table 4.
Examples 2 to 5
Examples 2 to 5 experiments were performed according to the steps of example 1, the only differences were the differences in the types of the reaction raw materials, the ratios of the raw materials, the stirring time, and the like, and specifically, as shown in table 2, the prepared sound-absorbing low-density all-water spray coating composite material was subjected to atomization foaming by a high-pressure spray foaming machine, and the foam was rapidly molded and cured to prepare sound-absorbing flame-retardant low-density all-water spray coating foam, wherein the operation conditions of the high-pressure spray foaming machine were as follows: the pressure of the equipment debugged is 1500-2000 psi, the temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the spraying atomization requirement is met. The moving speed must be uniform when spraying. The temperature of the spraying construction environment is preferably 10-35 ℃, the relative humidity is less than 85%, and the performance indexes of the prepared spraying foam are shown in table 4.
Table 2 weight (kg) of raw materials of each component in example 1 to example 5
Examples 6 to 10
Examples 6 to 10 experiments were carried out according to the steps of example 1, the only differences were the types of the reaction raw materials, the ratios of the raw materials, the stirring time, and the like, and specifically, as shown in table 2, the prepared sound-absorbing low-density all-water spray coating composite material was subjected to atomization foaming by a high-pressure spray foaming machine, and the foam was rapidly molded and cured to prepare sound-absorbing flame-retardant low-density all-water spray coating foam, wherein the operating conditions of the high-pressure spray foaming machine were as follows: the pressure of the equipment debugged is 1500-2000 psi, the temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the moving speed must be uniform during spraying. The temperature of the spraying construction environment is preferably 10-35 ℃, the relative humidity is less than 85%, and the performance indexes of the prepared spraying foam are shown in table 4.
Table 3 weight (kg) of raw materials of each component in example 6 to example 10
Comparative example 1:
the material proportion is as follows:
low VOC polyether NJ-360S: 100 portions of
Low VOC catalyst NE 300: 0.5 portion
Low VOC catalyst NE 1082: 2 portions of
2.0 parts of silicone oil B8747LF2
Silicone oil EP-S-R82:0.5
Water: 20 portions of
Isocyanate crude MDI 5005: 130 portions of
Proportionally mixing low VOC polyether, low VOC catalysts NE300 and NE1082, silicone oil EP-S-R82, B8747LF2 and water, stirring, adding crude MDI5005, stirring at high speed, mixing, and foaming to obtain the final product with density of 10kg/m3Low odor, low density polyurethane foams.
Table 4 performance index data for spray foams of examples 1-10, comparative example 1
As can be seen from the table above, the sound absorption coefficient of the spray foam prepared by the spray composite material of the invention is greater than 0.67, and the sound absorption performance of the spray foam is obviously higher than that of other sound absorption materials; meanwhile, the oxygen index is greater than 26.2, and the flame retardant property is good; therefore, the sound-absorbing low-density all-water spraying composite material prepared by the method is green and environment-friendly, has good flame retardant property and good sound-absorbing property, and achieves good technical effects.
Claims (8)
1. The sound-absorbing low-density all-water spraying composite material comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the weight ratio of the component A to the component B is 1: 1-1.1, and the component A comprises the following components in percentage by weight: polyether polyol I: 10-25%, melamine polyol: 20-30%, polyether polyol II: 5-10%, polyester polyol: 5-15%, foam stabilizer: 2-4%, catalyst: 2-5%, flame retardant: 20-30%, foaming agent: 12-15%; the foaming agent is water; the functionality of the polyether polyol I is 4-6, and the number average molecular weight is 4000-12000; the functionality of the polyether polyol II is 2-3, and the number average molecular weight is 400-1200; the melamine polyol has a functionality of 3 to 3.5, a hydroxyl value of 125 to 155mgKOH/g, and a viscosity of 11000 to 15000mpa · s; the functionality of the polyester polyol is 2-3, and the hydroxyl value is 240-400 mgKOH/g; the foam stabilizer is selected from at least one of non-hydrolyzed silicon-carbon surfactant or polysiloxane surfactant; the catalyst is at least one of amine catalyst or metal catalyst; the flame retardant is phosphate flame retardant; the component B is polymethine polyphenyl polyisocyanate.
2. The sound-absorbing low-density all-water spray coating composition according to claim 1, wherein the component A comprises, in weight percent: polyether polyol I: 10-25%, melamine polyol: 20-30%, polyether polyol II: 5-7.5%, polyester polyol: 5-9.5%, foam stabilizer: 2-4%, catalyst: 2-5%, flame retardant: 20-30%, water: 12-15%.
3. The sound absorbing low density all-water spray composition of claim 1 wherein the catalyst is selected from at least three of potassium acetate, potassium isooctanoate, triethylene diamine, dibutyl tin dilaurate, N', N "-tris (dimethylaminopropyl) hexahydrotriazine, 3-dimethylaminopropylamine, pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, pentamethyldipropylenetriamine, trimethylaminoethylethanolamine, dimethylaminoethoxyethanol, or 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminoethyl) phenol.
4. The sound absorbing low density all-water spray composition of claim 1, wherein the flame retardant is at least one selected from the group consisting of tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate, tris (1, 3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate, diethyl ethylphosphate, triethyl phosphate and dimethyl propylphosphate.
5. A method of making the sound absorbing low density all-water spray composition of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) preparing raw materials according to the following components in percentage by weight:
the component A comprises the following components in percentage by weight: polyether polyol I: 10-25%, melamine polyol: 20-30%, polyether polyol II: 5-10%, polyester polyol: 5-15%, foam stabilizer: 2-4%, catalyst: 2-5%, flame retardant: 20-30%, foaming agent: 12-15%; the foaming agent is water; the functionality of the polyether polyol I is 4-6, and the number average molecular weight is 4000-12000; the functionality of the polyether polyol II is 2-3, and the number average molecular weight is 400-1200; the melamine polyol has a functionality of 3 to 3.5, a hydroxyl value of 125 to 155mgKOH/g, and a viscosity of 11000 to 15000mpa · s; the functionality of the polyester polyol is 2-3, and the hydroxyl value is 240-400 mgKOH/g; the foam stabilizer is selected from at least one of non-hydrolyzed silicon-carbon surfactant or polysiloxane surfactant; the catalyst is at least one of amine catalyst or metal catalyst; the flame retardant is phosphate flame retardant; the component B is polymethine polyphenyl polyisocyanate; the weight ratio of the component A to the component B is 1: 1-1.1;
(2) preparing a component A, namely sequentially adding the weighed polyether polyol I, melamine polyol, polyether polyol II, polyester polyol, foam stabilizer, catalyst, flame retardant and water into a reaction kettle according to the components and the weight ratio in the step (1), stirring for 1-1.5 hours at normal temperature, and fully mixing;
(3) and (3) spraying the component A and the component B through a high-pressure spraying foaming machine, atomizing, foaming, forming and curing the foam to obtain the product.
6. The method for preparing the sound-absorbing low-density all-water spray composite material according to claim 5, wherein the component A comprises the following components in percentage by weight: polyether polyol I: 10-25%, melamine polyol: 20-30%, polyether polyol II: 5-7.5%, polyester polyol: 5-9.5%, foam stabilizer: 2-4%, catalyst: 2-5%, flame retardant: 20-30%, water: 12-15%.
7. The method for preparing the sound-absorbing low-density all-water spray composite material according to claim 5, wherein the operating conditions of the high-pressure spray foaming machine are as follows: the pressure of the equipment is 1500-2000 psi, and the temperature is 25-35 ℃; the moving speed is uniform during spraying; the temperature of the spraying construction environment is 10-35 ℃, and the relative humidity is less than 85%.
8. Use of the sound absorbing low density all-water spray coating composition of claim 1 in polyurethane spray coating.
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