CN112521828A - Underwater concrete antifouling coating material - Google Patents
Underwater concrete antifouling coating material Download PDFInfo
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- CN112521828A CN112521828A CN202011371828.XA CN202011371828A CN112521828A CN 112521828 A CN112521828 A CN 112521828A CN 202011371828 A CN202011371828 A CN 202011371828A CN 112521828 A CN112521828 A CN 112521828A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/14—Paints containing biocides, e.g. fungicides, insecticides or pesticides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
- C09D5/1606—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints characterised by the anti-fouling agent
- C09D5/1612—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09D5/1618—Non-macromolecular compounds inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
- C09D5/1606—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints characterised by the anti-fouling agent
- C09D5/1612—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09D5/1625—Non-macromolecular compounds organic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
- C09D5/1656—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints characterised by the film-forming substance
- C09D5/1662—Synthetic film-forming substance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
- C09D5/1687—Use of special additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/16—Halogen-containing compounds
- C08K2003/162—Calcium, strontium or barium halides, e.g. calcium, strontium or barium chloride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/16—Halogen-containing compounds
- C08K2003/166—Magnesium halide, e.g. magnesium chloride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of underwater coatings, in particular to an underwater concrete antifouling coating material which comprises, by weight, 90-110 parts of epoxy resin, 30-40 parts of a mixture of melamine and polyamide resin, 2-10 parts of organic bromide or inorganic bromide, 10-15 parts of a reactive diluent and 1-5 parts of liquid paraffin. The invention adopts epoxy resin and organic amine as the antifouling coating layer of the underwater concrete, adds the halogen compound biocide, can effectively prevent marine organisms and microorganisms from depositing, attracting and adhering on the surface of the concrete structure material, inhibits the formation of a biomembrane on the surface of the concrete, promotes the formed marine organisms and microorganisms to generate phenomena of suffocation, poisoning and inactivation, finally prolongs the service life of the concrete structure material, lightens the load of a building structure and prevents the occurrence of surface fouling. In addition, the invention has the advantages of simple process, convenient processing, small influence on the environment and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underwater coatings, in particular to an underwater concrete antifouling coating material.
Background
The corrosion of the sewage to the concrete, particularly the corrosion of microorganisms to the concrete, is a multidisciplinary interdisciplinary discipline integrating biological science, material science, water treatment science and structural engineering, and the corrosion of the sewage to the concrete is not single microbial corrosion, chemical corrosion or physical corrosion, nor simple superposition of the sum of the corrosion, but comprehensive effects of the physical, chemical and microorganisms are much more serious than simple superposition effects. It is believed that the presence of such biofilms alters the local pH, redox potential, and oxygen, dissolved salts and complexes concentrations of the concrete, causing corrosion of the concrete through interfacial interactions. All these microorganisms cause corrosion of concrete mainly by corrosive substances produced during their life activities, and their metabolic processes are mainly classified into anaerobic and aerobic processes. The anaerobic process mainly exists in the environment such as underground pipe network, underwater part of the sedimentation tank, etc., and the aerobic process mainly exists in the water surface layer of the aeration tank, sedimentation tank, etc. In order to reduce the corrosion of the concrete caused by the sewage and prevent the concrete from being stained, a coating layer, such as a common antifouling paint, is generally added on the surface of the concrete. The mainstream antifouling paint in the market at present is a third generation acrylic acid tin-free self-polishing system with a high cuprous oxide system, and the content of cuprous oxide is usually 35 percent or even higher. The cost is increased after the copper content is high, and other problems such as pollution are caused, so that the development of a long-acting environment-friendly antifouling coating material is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an underwater concrete antifouling coating material.
The invention is realized by adopting the following scheme:
an underwater concrete antifouling coating material comprises, by weight, 90-110 parts of epoxy resin, 30-40 parts of a mixture of melamine and polyamide resin, 2-10 parts of organic bromide, 10-15 parts of a reactive diluent and 1-5 parts of liquid paraffin.
Further, the reactive diluent is butyl glycidyl ether.
Further, in the mixture of melamine and polyamide resins, the weight ratio of melamine to polyamide resins is 1: 2.
Further, the adhesive comprises 100 parts of epoxy resin, 35 parts of a mixture of melamine and polyamide resin, 2 parts of organic bromide or inorganic bromide, 15 parts of reactive diluent and 5 parts of liquid paraffin in parts by weight.
Further, the paint comprises 100 parts of epoxy resin, 35 parts of a mixture of melamine and polyamide resin, 4 parts of organic bromide, 15 parts of reactive diluent and 5 parts of liquid paraffin in parts by weight.
Further, the adhesive comprises 100 parts of epoxy resin, 35 parts of a mixture of melamine and polyamide resin, 6 parts of organic bromide or inorganic bromide, 15 parts of reactive diluent and 5 parts of liquid paraffin in parts by weight.
Further, the adhesive comprises 100 parts of epoxy resin, 35 parts of a mixture of melamine and polyamide resin, 8 parts of organic bromide or inorganic bromide, 15 parts of reactive diluent and 5 parts of liquid paraffin in parts by weight.
Further, the adhesive comprises 100 parts of epoxy resin, 35 parts of a mixture of melamine and polyamide resin, 10 parts of organic bromide or inorganic bromide, 15 parts of reactive diluent and 5 parts of liquid paraffin in parts by weight.
Further, the inorganic bromides include sodium bromide, potassium bromide, lithium bromide, calcium bromide, manganese bromide, barium bromide, copper bromide, magnesium bromide, thallium bromide, mercury bromide, chlorine bromide, benzyl bromide, and alkyl bromides, and the organic bromides include alkyl, aryl, and heterocyclic bromides.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts epoxy resin and organic amine as the antifouling coating layer of the underwater concrete, adds the halogen compound biocide, can effectively prevent marine organisms and microorganisms from depositing, attracting and adhering on the surface of the concrete structure material, inhibits the formation of a biomembrane on the surface of the concrete, promotes the formed marine organisms and microorganisms to generate phenomena of suffocation, poisoning and inactivation, finally prolongs the service life of the concrete structure material, lightens the load of a building structure and prevents the occurrence of surface fouling. In addition, the invention has the advantages of simple process, convenient processing, small influence on the environment and environmental protection.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific examples in order to facilitate understanding of the invention by those skilled in the art.
The invention provides an underwater concrete antifouling coating material which comprises, by weight, 90-110 parts of epoxy resin, 30-40 parts of a mixture of melamine and polyamide resin, 2-10 parts of organic bromide or inorganic bromide, 10-15 parts of a reactive diluent and 1-5 parts of liquid paraffin. In specific implementation, the components can be mixed according to proper parts by weight within a value range.
The reactive diluent is butyl glycidyl ether. In the mixture of melamine and polyamide resins, the weight ratio of melamine to polyamide resins is 1: 2.
The organic or inorganic bromides include: inorganic bromides such as sodium bromide, potassium bromide, lithium bromide, calcium bromide, manganese bromide, barium bromide, copper bromide, magnesium bromide, thallium bromide, mercury bromide, chlorine bromide, benzyl bromide, and the like, and alkyl bromides including methyl bromide, ethyl bromide, isopropyl bromide, and the like, and organic bromides including alkyl, aryl, and heterocyclic bromides.
The present invention is described in detail below by referring to various examples, and it should be noted that the following examples are only for further illustration of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and that the skilled person in the art may make some insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the present invention based on the above descriptions and still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The adhesive comprises 100 parts of epoxy resin, 35 parts of a mixture of melamine and polyamide resin, 2 parts of organic bromide or inorganic bromide, 15 parts of reactive diluent and 5 parts of liquid paraffin by weight.
Under the condition of the proportioning, the obtained underwater concrete antifouling coating material has the tensile strength of a coating film of 93MPa and the elongation of the coating film of 108 percent, is uniformly coated on six surfaces of a concrete sample block, is weighed after being placed for 24 hours, is soaked in seawater for 365 days, has the tensile strength of 83MPa after being soaked for 365 days, has the elongation of the coating film of 95 percent, increases the mass of the concrete block by 3 percent, has attachment in a dark color, does not generate damage, falling off and obvious corrosion on the coating material, and can strip the attachment on the surface.
Example 2
The adhesive comprises 100 parts of epoxy resin, 35 parts of a mixture of melamine and polyamide resin, 4 parts of organic bromide or inorganic bromide, 15 parts of reactive diluent and 5 parts of liquid paraffin by weight.
Under the condition of the proportioning, the obtained underwater concrete antifouling coating material has the coating film tensile strength of 96MPa and the coating film elongation of 120 percent, is uniformly coated on six surfaces of a concrete sample block, is weighed after being placed for 24 hours, is soaked in seawater for 365 days, has the coating tensile strength of 81MPa after being soaked for 365 days, has the coating film elongation of 101 percent, increases the mass of the concrete block by 3 percent, has attachment in a dark color, is not damaged, falls off and obviously corrodes, and has easy peeling of the attachment on the surface.
Example 3
The adhesive comprises 100 parts of epoxy resin, 35 parts of a mixture of melamine and polyamide resin, 6 parts of organic bromide or inorganic bromide, 15 parts of reactive diluent and 5 parts of liquid paraffin by weight.
Under the condition of the proportioning, the obtained underwater concrete antifouling coating material has the coating film tensile strength of 87MPa and the coating film elongation of 122 percent, is uniformly coated on six surfaces of a concrete sample block, is weighed after being placed for 24 hours, is soaked in seawater for 365 days, has the coating tensile strength of 76MPa after being soaked for 365 days, has the coating film elongation of 94 percent, increases the mass of the concrete block by 2 percent, has little attachments when being dark and dark in appearance, does not generate damage, fall and obvious corrosion and has few attachments on the surface.
Example 4
The adhesive comprises 100 parts of epoxy resin, 35 parts of a mixture of melamine and polyamide resin, 8 parts of organic bromide or inorganic bromide, 15 parts of reactive diluent and 5 parts of liquid paraffin by weight.
Under the condition of the proportioning, the obtained underwater concrete antifouling coating material has the tensile strength of a coating film of 84MPa and the elongation of the coating film of 131 percent, is uniformly coated on six surfaces of a concrete sample block, is weighed after being placed for 24 hours, is soaked in seawater for 365 days, has the tensile strength of 77MPa after being soaked for 365 days, has the elongation of 97 percent of the coating film, increases the mass of the concrete block by 1.4 percent, has little attachments in dark appearance, does not damage or shed and obviously corrode the coating material, and has few attachments on the surface.
Example 5
The adhesive comprises 100 parts of epoxy resin, 35 parts of a mixture of melamine and polyamide resin, 10 parts of organic bromide or inorganic bromide, 15 parts of reactive diluent and 5 parts of liquid paraffin by weight.
Under the condition of the proportioning, the obtained underwater concrete antifouling coating material has the tensile strength of a coating film of 84MPa and the elongation of the coating film of 131 percent, is uniformly coated on six surfaces of a concrete sample block, is weighed after being placed for 24 hours, is soaked in seawater for 365 days, has the tensile strength of 77MPa after being soaked for 365 days, has the elongation of 97 percent of the coating film, increases the mass of the concrete block by 1.4 percent, has little attachments in dark appearance, does not damage or shed and obviously corrode the coating material, and has few attachments on the surface.
The invention adopts epoxy resin and organic amine as the antifouling coating layer of the underwater concrete, adds the halogen compound biocide, can effectively prevent marine organisms and microorganisms from depositing, attracting and adhering on the surface of the concrete structure material, inhibits the formation of a biomembrane on the surface of the concrete, promotes the formed marine organisms and microorganisms to generate phenomena of suffocation, poisoning and inactivation, finally prolongs the service life of the concrete structure material, lightens the load of a building structure and prevents the occurrence of surface fouling. In addition, the invention has the advantages of simple process, convenient processing, small influence on the environment and environmental protection.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the indicated orientations or positional relationships are only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the indicated devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently attached, removably attached, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
While the invention has been described in conjunction with the specific embodiments set forth above, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of the included claims.
Claims (9)
1. The antifouling coating material for underwater concrete is characterized by comprising, by weight, 90-110 parts of epoxy resin, 30-40 parts of a mixture of melamine and polyamide resin, 2-10 parts of organic bromide or inorganic bromide, 10-15 parts of a reactive diluent and 1-5 parts of liquid paraffin.
2. The underwater concrete antifouling coating material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reactive diluent is butyl glycidyl ether.
3. The underwater concrete antifouling paint as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of melamine to polyamide resin in the melamine and polyamide resin mixture is 1: 2.
4. The underwater concrete antifouling paint as claimed in claim 1, wherein the paint comprises 100 parts by weight of epoxy resin, 35 parts by weight of a mixture of melamine and polyamide resins, 2 parts by weight of organic bromide or inorganic bromide, 15 parts by weight of reactive diluent, and 5 parts by weight of liquid paraffin.
5. The underwater concrete antifouling paint as claimed in claim 1, wherein the paint comprises 100 parts by weight of epoxy resin, 35 parts by weight of a mixture of melamine and polyamide resins, 4 parts by weight of organic bromide or inorganic bromide, 15 parts by weight of reactive diluent, and 5 parts by weight of liquid paraffin.
6. The underwater concrete antifouling paint as claimed in claim 1, wherein the paint comprises 100 parts by weight of epoxy resin, 35 parts by weight of a mixture of melamine and polyamide resins, 6 parts by weight of organic bromide or inorganic bromide, 15 parts by weight of reactive diluent, and 5 parts by weight of liquid paraffin.
7. The underwater concrete antifouling paint as claimed in claim 1, wherein the paint comprises 100 parts by weight of epoxy resin, 35 parts by weight of a mixture of melamine and polyamide resins, 8 parts by weight of organic bromide or inorganic bromide, 15 parts by weight of reactive diluent, and 5 parts by weight of liquid paraffin.
8. The underwater concrete antifouling paint as claimed in claim 1, wherein the paint comprises 100 parts by weight of epoxy resin, 35 parts by weight of a mixture of melamine and polyamide resins, 10 parts by weight of organic bromide or inorganic bromide, 15 parts by weight of reactive diluent, and 5 parts by weight of liquid paraffin.
9. The underwater concrete antifouling coating material of claim 1, wherein the inorganic bromides comprise sodium bromide, potassium bromide, lithium bromide, calcium bromide, manganese bromide, barium bromide, copper bromide, magnesium bromide, thallium bromide, mercury bromide, chlorine bromide, benzyl bromide, and the organic bromides comprise alkyl, aryl and heterocyclic bromides.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011371828.XA CN112521828A (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2020-11-30 | Underwater concrete antifouling coating material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011371828.XA CN112521828A (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2020-11-30 | Underwater concrete antifouling coating material |
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| CN112521828A true CN112521828A (en) | 2021-03-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011371828.XA Pending CN112521828A (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2020-11-30 | Underwater concrete antifouling coating material |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1039829A (en) * | 1988-02-08 | 1990-02-21 | 沃特莫工业投资有限公司 | Antifouling composition |
| CN101311233A (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2008-11-26 | 无锡市南雅化工有限公司 | Epoxy anti-corrosive paint for underwater construction and preparation method |
| JP2014519504A (en) * | 2011-05-24 | 2014-08-14 | アジエニック，インコーポレイテッド | Composition and method of antibacterial metal nanoparticles |
| CN104387910A (en) * | 2014-11-30 | 2015-03-04 | 伍丽萍 | Epoxy paint |
| CN108026395A (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2018-05-11 | 蓝色技术株式会社 | The antifouling paint and method of lacquering of immersion structure |
| CN110128167A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-08-16 | 石家庄铁道大学 | The composite coating and preparation method thereof of agent on crack resistance of concrete corrosion in water |
-
2020
- 2020-11-30 CN CN202011371828.XA patent/CN112521828A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1039829A (en) * | 1988-02-08 | 1990-02-21 | 沃特莫工业投资有限公司 | Antifouling composition |
| CN101311233A (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2008-11-26 | 无锡市南雅化工有限公司 | Epoxy anti-corrosive paint for underwater construction and preparation method |
| JP2014519504A (en) * | 2011-05-24 | 2014-08-14 | アジエニック，インコーポレイテッド | Composition and method of antibacterial metal nanoparticles |
| CN104387910A (en) * | 2014-11-30 | 2015-03-04 | 伍丽萍 | Epoxy paint |
| CN108026395A (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2018-05-11 | 蓝色技术株式会社 | The antifouling paint and method of lacquering of immersion structure |
| CN110128167A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-08-16 | 石家庄铁道大学 | The composite coating and preparation method thereof of agent on crack resistance of concrete corrosion in water |
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