CN112518391B

CN112518391B - Hydraulic clamping device

Info

Publication number: CN112518391B
Application number: CN202011440843.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刁明稳
Original assignee: Shandong Engineering Machinery Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Engineering Machinery Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-07
Filing date: 2020-12-07
Publication date: 2022-12-20
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-07
Also published as: CN112518391A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machining, and discloses a hydraulic indexing clamping device which comprises a shell, a telescopic device and a fixing device, wherein a hydraulic rod is movably mounted at the top of the shell, a chuck is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the hydraulic rod, a chassis is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the shell, the telescopic device is movably mounted inside the chuck and the chassis, the fixing device is fixedly mounted at the outer sides of the chuck and the chassis, the telescopic device comprises an upper rod, an upper base plate is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the upper rod, an upper inner rod is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the upper base plate, an upper sealing plug is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the upper inner rod, an upper partition plate is fixedly mounted inside the chuck, a sealing ring is fixedly mounted inside the upper partition plate, a lower inner rod is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the upper sealing plug, a through groove is formed inside the chuck, and an air-through ring groove is formed inside the chuck.

Description

Hydraulic clamping device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a hydraulic clamping device.

Background

The hydraulic chuck is a clamp controlled by a hydraulic system and is used for clamping a workpiece on a main shaft of a numerical control lathe. Traditional hydraulic chuck utilizes hydraulic pressure and chuck, presss from both sides the work piece tightly, and the chuck is the disc usually, and the surface that contacts with the work piece is very level and smooth, and clamping effect is better when centre gripping regular work piece, but when the work piece of clamping irregular shape, can be usually because the shape is irregular leads to the course of working, takes place the condition of work piece slippage, finally leads to the processing failure or the damage of work piece.

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a hydraulic clamping device which has the advantage of being capable of clamping workpieces in various shapes and solves the problem that only workpieces in the shape of a complete shape can be clamped.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to achieve the purpose of clamping workpieces in various shapes, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a hydraulic clamping device, includes shell, telescoping device and fixing device, shell top movable mounting has the hydraulic stem, hydraulic stem bottom fixed mounting has the chuck, shell bottom fixed mounting has the chassis, telescoping device movable mounting is inside chuck and chassis, fixing device fixed mounting is in the telescoping device outside.

As the optimization, the telescoping device includes the upper boom, upper boom top fixed mounting has the closing cap, upper boom bottom fixed mounting has the upper padding plate, upper padding plate bottom fixed mounting has the packing ring, upper padding plate bottom fixed mounting has the interior pole of going up, it has the sealing plug to go up interior pole bottom fixed mounting, the inside fixed mounting of chuck has last baffle, the inside fixed mounting of last baffle has the sealing washer, go up sealing plug bottom fixed mounting has interior pole down, the inside logical groove of having seted up of chuck, the inside ventilation ring groove of having seted up of chuck, it has sealed the pad to go up sealing plug outer fixed surface mounting, the inside movable mounting in chassis has the sill bar, the inside fixed mounting in chassis has the saucer, the inside fixed mounting in chassis has lower baffle, sill bar bottom fixed mounting has lower sealing plug, fixed mounting has the spring between lower sealing plug and the lower baffle.

As an optimization, fixing device includes the dead lever, the inside movable mounting of dead lever has the piston, piston bottom end fixed mounting has the cock stem, cock stem bottom end movable mounting has the foundation, foundation bottom fixed mounting has the connecting rod, connecting rod bottom fixed mounting has the ball of inlaying, inlay ball fixed surface and install soft stopper ball, soft stopper ball fixed surface installs salient point.

As optimization, the inside logical groove and the ring groove of ventilating of also having seted up of chassis, go up sealing plug movable mounting inside the logical groove of chuck inside, sealing plug movable mounting is inside the logical groove of chassis inside down, the ring groove of ventilating is connected with logical groove, links together each logical groove through the ring groove of ventilating, makes the gas between each logical groove recall and lead to reach everywhere atmospheric pressure interact balance's effect.

As optimization, rim plate fixed mounting is in the bottom of the inside logical groove in chassis, sill bar fixed mounting is on the top of sealing plug down, the equal fixed mounting in bottom of lower interior pole and the top of sill bar has the connection pad, the dead lever passes through connection pad and lower interior pole and sill bar fixed connection, prevents through the rim plate that the sealing plug from pressing the least significant end down to prevent that the ventilation ring groove from being stopped up, cause the problem of the unable return of lower sealing plug.

As optimization, the inside movable mounting of foundation has vice stopper, vice stopper fixed mounting is in the stopper rod bottom, the stopper chamber has all been seted up to foundation and dead lever inside, piston and vice stopper are rabbeted respectively in two stopper intracavity portions, utilize piston and vice stopper to compress the air to provide a great pressure to the foundation, make the surface laminating of soft stopper ball and the object of being fixed tighter, improve stronger pressure, guarantee that the object of being fixed can not break away from.

As optimization, the number of the vent ring grooves is two in the chuck and the vent ring grooves are connected with the top end and the bottom end of the through groove respectively, the number of the vent ring grooves is also two in the chassis and the vent ring grooves are arranged at the bottom end and the top end of the through groove, and the inner ring and the outer ring are connected through the straight groove.

As optimization, go up the baffle totally two, fixed mounting is at the upper and lower both ends that lead to the groove respectively, go up interior pole and interior pole down and all peg graft inside the last baffle at both ends, and go up interior pole and all laminate with the sealing washer down, can effectively prevent to lead to the gaseous of inslot and leak, avoid the atmospheric pressure change to lead to the unable condition of linking together of structure in the groove everywhere.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: when the chuck is pressed down by the hydraulic rod, the chuck descends, the soft plug balls are contacted with the surface of a workpiece, after all the soft plug balls are contacted with the surface of the workpiece, the soft plug balls are jacked up by the raised surface, so that the lower inner rod is pushed upwards by the bottom column and the fixed rod, the lower inner rod drives the upper sealing plug to move in the through groove, the upper sealing plug divides the through groove into an upper part and a lower part, the upper sealing plug moves in the through groove to drive air to move in the through groove and the ventilation ring groove, the upper pressure and the lower pressure applied to the upper sealing plugs in all the through grooves are the same by utilizing the characteristic of air pressure, all the telescopic devices are combined into a whole, after the soft plug balls are contacted with the workpiece, the telescopic devices form a shape which is combined with the surface of the workpiece, when the chuck continues to descend, the shape is already stroked, the workpiece is synchronously pushed upwards by the fixing device, under the action of air pressure, the upper sealing plug does not move any more after moving to a certain limit, the auxiliary plugs and the piston in the bottom column and the fixed rod start to compress air in the cavity, thereby providing a reverse pressure, the soft plug ball and the workpiece can be combined with the workpiece, and can be better and can be combined with the workpiece, and can be matched with various workpiece.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a chuck according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the chuck of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the base pan of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a fixing device according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a vent ring slot of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a housing; 2. a telescoping device; 201. an upper rod; 202. sealing the cover; 203. an upper base plate; 204. a gasket; 205. an upper inner rod; 206. an upper sealing plug; 207. an upper partition plate; 208. a seal ring; 209. a lower inner rod; 210. a through groove; 211. a venting ring groove; 212. a gasket; 213. a bottom bar; 214. a cushion disc; 215. a lower partition plate; 216. a lower sealing plug; 217. a spring; 3. a fixing device; 301. fixing the rod; 302. a piston; 303. a stopper rod; 304. a bottom pillar; 305. a connecting rod; 306. embedding a ball; 307. a soft plug ball; 308. a raised point; 4. a hydraulic rod; 5. a chuck; 6. a chassis.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-5, a hydraulic clamping device comprises a housing 1, a telescopic device 2 and a fixing device 3, wherein a hydraulic rod 4 is movably mounted at the top of the housing 1, a chuck 5 is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the hydraulic rod 4, a chassis 6 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the housing 1, the telescopic device 2 is movably mounted inside the chuck 5 and the chassis 6, and the fixing device 3 is fixedly mounted at the outer side of the telescopic device 2.

Referring to fig. 2-4, the telescopic device 2 includes an upper rod 201, a sealing cover 202 is fixedly mounted at the top end of the upper rod 201, an upper padding plate 203 is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the upper padding plate 203, a gasket 204 is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the upper padding plate 203, an upper inner rod 205 is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the upper padding plate 203, an upper sealing plug 206 is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the upper inner rod 205, an upper partition 207 is fixedly mounted inside the chuck 5, a sealing ring 208 is fixedly mounted inside the upper partition 207, a lower inner rod 209 is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the upper sealing plug 206, a through groove 210 is formed inside the chuck 5, an air-through ring groove 211 is formed inside the chuck 5, a sealing pad 212 is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the sealing plug 206, a bottom rod 213 is movably mounted inside the chassis 6, a pad 214 is fixedly mounted inside the chassis 6, a lower partition 215 is fixedly mounted inside the chassis 6, a lower sealing plug 216 is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the bottom rod 213, and a spring 217 is fixedly mounted between the lower sealing plug 216 and the lower partition 215.

Referring to fig. 2 and 5, the fixing device 3 includes a fixing rod 301, a piston 302 is movably mounted inside the fixing rod 301, a plug rod 303 is fixedly mounted at a bottom end of the piston 302, a bottom pillar 304 is movably mounted at a bottom end of the plug rod 303, a connecting rod 305 is fixedly mounted at a bottom end of the bottom pillar 304, an embedding ball 306 is fixedly mounted at a bottom end of the connecting rod 305, a soft plug ball 307 is fixedly mounted on a surface of the embedding ball 306, and a protrusion 308 is fixedly mounted on a surface of the soft plug ball 307.

Referring to fig. 5-6, the bottom plate 6 is also provided with a through groove 210 and a vent ring groove 211, the upper sealing plug 206 is movably mounted inside the through groove 210 inside the chuck 5, the lower sealing plug 216 is movably mounted inside the through groove 210 inside the bottom plate 6, the vent ring groove 211 is connected with the through groove 210, and the through grooves 210 are connected together through the vent ring groove 211, so that the air in the through grooves 210 is communicated, and the air pressure in each through groove 210 is balanced.

3-4, the pad 214 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the through groove 210 in the chassis 6, the bottom rod 213 is fixedly installed at the top end of the lower sealing plug 216, the bottom end of the lower inner rod 209 and the top end of the bottom rod 213 are both fixedly installed with connecting discs, the fixing rod 301 is fixedly connected with the lower inner rod 209 and the bottom rod 213 through the connecting discs, the lower sealing plug 216 is prevented from being pressed to the lowest end through the pad 214, and therefore the problem that the lower sealing plug 216 cannot return due to the fact that the air-through ring groove 211 is blocked is solved.

Referring to fig. 5, an auxiliary plug is movably installed inside the bottom pillar 304, the auxiliary plug is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the plug rod 303, plug cavities are formed inside the bottom pillar 304 and the fixing rod 301, the piston 302 and the auxiliary plug are respectively embedded inside the two plug cavities, and the piston 302 and the auxiliary plug are used for compressing air, so that a larger pressure is provided for the bottom pillar 304, the soft plug ball 307 is attached to the surface of the object to be fixed more tightly, the stronger pressure is improved, and the object to be fixed is prevented from being separated.

Referring to fig. 3 to 6, two vent ring grooves 211 are formed in the chuck 5 and connected to the top and bottom ends of the through groove 210, respectively, and two vent ring grooves 211 are formed in the bottom plate 6 and formed at the bottom and top ends of the through groove 210, and the through grooves 210 of the inner ring and the outer ring are connected by a straight groove.

Referring to fig. 3-4, two upper partition plates 207 are fixedly mounted at the upper end and the lower end of the through groove 210, the upper inner rod 205 and the lower inner rod 209 are inserted into the upper partition plates 207 at the two ends, and the upper inner rod 205 and the lower inner rod 209 are attached to the sealing ring 208, so that gas in the through groove 210 can be effectively prevented from leaking out, and the situation that structures in the through groove 210 cannot be connected together due to pressure change is avoided.

The working principle is as follows: the workpiece to be processed is placed on the chassis 6, the workpiece is contacted with the soft plug ball 307 at the top end of the chassis 6, the bottom rod 213 and the lower sealing plug 216 are pressed downwards under the action of gravity, the lower sealing plug 216 is prevented from being pressed to the lowest end through the cushion disc 214, the problem that the lower sealing plug 216 cannot return due to blocking of the air vent ring groove 211 is solved, the shape of the lower surface of the workpiece is finally formed and is mutually attached to the workpiece, when the chuck 5 is pressed down by the hydraulic rod 4, the chuck 5 descends, the soft plug ball 307 is contacted with the surface of the workpiece, after all the soft plug balls 307 are contacted with the surface of the workpiece, the convex surface jacks the soft plug ball 307, so that the lower inner rod 209 is pushed upwards through the bottom column 304 and the fixed rod 301, the lower inner rod 209 drives the upper sealing plug 206 to move in the through groove 210, and the through groove 210 is divided into an upper part and a lower part by the upper sealing plug 206, the movement of the upper sealing plugs 206 in the through grooves 210 drives the air to move in the through grooves 210 and the vent ring grooves 211, the characteristics of air pressure are utilized to enable the upper and lower pressures borne by the upper sealing plugs 206 in all the through grooves 210 to be the same, so that all the telescopic devices 2 are combined into a whole, after the soft plug balls 307 are contacted with a workpiece, the telescopic devices 2 form a shape which is attached to the surface of the workpiece, when the chuck 5 continues to descend, the shape is already in a stroke, the workpiece synchronously pushes up all the upper sealing plugs 206 through the fixing device 3, under the action of air pressure, the upper sealing plugs 206 do not move any more after moving to a certain limit, the auxiliary plugs and the pistons 302 in the bottom column 304 and the fixed rod 301 start to compress the air in the plug cavities, the air is compressed by the pistons 302 and the auxiliary plugs, so as to provide reverse pressure, the soft plug balls 307 are attached to the surface of a fixed object more tightly, and stronger pressure is improved, the fixed object can not be separated, the soft plug ball 307 is more tightly attached to the surface of the workpiece, the telescopic device 2 can be movably attached to the shape of the workpiece, the workpiece can be better clamped after the corresponding shape is finished, and the advantages of adapting to and clamping workpieces in various shapes are achieved.

To sum up, when the chuck 5 is pressed down by the hydraulic rod 4, the chuck 5 descends, the soft plug balls 307 contact the surface of the workpiece, after all the soft plug balls 307 contact the surface of the workpiece, the convex surface jacks up the soft plug balls 307, so that the lower inner rod 209 is pushed upwards by the bottom column 304 and the fixing rod 301, the lower inner rod 209 drives the upper sealing plug 206 to move in the through groove 210, the through groove 210 is divided into an upper part and a lower part by the upper sealing plug 206, the upper sealing plug 206 moves in the through groove 210 and the vent ring groove 211 by driving air to move, by using the characteristics of air pressure, the upper sealing plugs 206 in all the through grooves 210 are subjected to the same upper pressure and the lower pressure, so that all the telescopic devices 2 are combined into a whole, after the soft plug balls 307 contact the workpiece, the telescopic devices 2 are made to form a shape which is in fit with the surface of the workpiece, when the chuck 5 continues to descend, the shape is already in the moment, the workpiece is synchronously pushed upwards by the fixing device 3, under the action of air pressure, the upper plugs 206 do not move to a certain limit, the bottom column 304 and the movable plug balls 301 and the fixed rod 301 and the movable rod 301 and the fixed rod 301 and the telescopic device can better fit with the workpiece surface of the workpiece, thereby providing the advantages of the workpiece.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered as the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic clamping device comprises a shell (1), a telescopic device (2) and a fixing device (3), and is characterized in that: the hydraulic rod (4) is movably mounted at the top of the shell (1), the chuck (5) is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the hydraulic rod (4), the chassis (6) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the shell (1), the telescopic device (2) is movably mounted inside the chuck (5) and the chassis (6), and the fixing device (3) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the telescopic device (2);

the telescopic device (2) comprises an upper rod (201), a sealing cover (202) is fixedly mounted at the top end of the upper rod (201), an upper base plate (203) is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the upper rod (201), a gasket (204) is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the upper base plate (203), an upper inner rod (205) is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the upper base plate (203), an upper sealing plug (206) is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the upper inner rod (205), an upper partition plate (207) is fixedly mounted inside the chuck (5), a sealing ring (208) is fixedly mounted inside the upper partition plate (207), a lower inner rod (209) is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the upper sealing plug (206), a through groove (210) is formed inside the chuck (5), an air through ring groove (211) is formed inside the chuck (5), a sealing gasket (212) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the upper sealing plug (206), a bottom rod (213) is movably mounted inside the chassis (6), a cushion disc (214) is fixedly mounted inside the chassis (6), a lower partition plate (215) is fixedly mounted inside the chassis (6), a lower sealing plug (216) is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the bottom rod (213), and a lower sealing plug (217) is fixedly mounted between the lower partition plate (217) and a spring (217);

a through groove (210) and a vent ring groove (211) are also formed in the chassis (6), the upper sealing plug (206) is movably mounted in the through groove (210) in the chuck (5), the lower sealing plug (216) is movably mounted in the through groove (210) in the chassis (6), and the vent ring groove (211) is connected with the through groove (210);

the base plate (214) is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of a through groove (210) in the chassis (6), the bottom rod (213) is fixedly arranged at the top end of a lower sealing plug (216), connecting discs are fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the lower inner rod (209) and the top end of the bottom rod (213), and the fixing device (3) is fixedly connected with the lower inner rod (209) and the bottom rod (213) through the connecting discs;

two ventilation ring grooves (211) are arranged in the chuck (5) and are respectively connected with the top end and the bottom end of the through groove (210), two ventilation ring grooves (211) are also arranged in the chassis (6) and are arranged at the bottom end and the top end of the through groove (210), and the through grooves (210) of the inner ring and the outer ring are connected through straight grooves;

the upper partition plates (207) are two in number and are fixedly mounted at the upper end and the lower end of the through groove (210) respectively, the upper inner rod (205) and the lower inner rod (209) are inserted into the upper partition plates (207) at the two ends, and the upper inner rod (205) and the lower inner rod (209) are attached to the sealing ring (208).

2. A hydraulic clamping device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: fixing device (3) include dead lever (301), the inside movable mounting of dead lever (301) has piston (302), piston (302) bottom fixed mounting has cock stem (303), cock stem (303) bottom movable mounting has sill post (304), sill post (304) bottom fixed mounting has connecting rod (305), connecting rod (305) bottom fixed mounting inlays ball (306), inlay ball (306) fixed surface and install soft stopper ball (307), soft stopper ball (307) fixed surface installs salient point (308).

3. A hydraulic clamping device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: bottom pillar (304) inside movable mounting has vice stopper, vice stopper fixed mounting is in stopper pole (303) bottom, the stopper chamber has all been seted up to bottom pillar (304) and dead lever (301) inside, piston (302) and vice stopper scarf joint respectively are inside two stopper chambeies.