CN112517948B

CN112517948B - Small workpiece punching equipment for mechanical automatic machining

Info

Publication number: CN112517948B
Application number: CN202011299450.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗涛; 段慧云; 沈元元; 霍松林; 张洁琦
Original assignee: Jiujiang Vocational and Technical College
Current assignee: Jiujiang Vocational and Technical College
Priority date: 2020-11-18
Filing date: 2020-11-18
Publication date: 2021-11-02
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-18
Also published as: CN112517948A

Abstract

The utility model provides a little work piece drilling equipment for mechanical automation processing, including the arm, there is the barrel under the arm, the horizontal plate is connected to the barrel, there is second electric telescopic handle on the horizontal plate, there is the second through-hole in the backup pad, there is the pivot in the second through-hole, there is the drill bit gripper jaw under the pivot, there is the drill bit on the drill bit gripper jaw, there is the motor in the backup pad, there is the guide way under the horizontal plate, there is the electronic slider of second on the first slide rail, there is the riser under the horizontal plate, there is trapezoidal recess in the side that two risers are relative, there is the third through-hole under the trapezoidal recess, there is the diaphragm in the third through-hole, there is the work piece conveyer belt two riser lower parts, be equipped with the controller in addition. According to the invention, the mechanical arm and the second sliding block are matched to simulate the upward throwing action to drill the thin workpieces in a centralized manner, the trapezoidal grooves in the drilled holes keep the distance between every two workpieces, the functions of heat dissipation and workpiece adhesion prevention are achieved, the small workpieces are not easy to bend and deform due to the support of the transverse plate, and the device is suitable for automatic picking and processing of materials on the workpiece conveying belt.

Description

Small workpiece punching equipment for mechanical automatic machining

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of small workpiece punching equipment, and particularly relates to small workpiece punching equipment for mechanical automatic processing.

Background

In mechanical production, the production difficulty of some small workpieces is high, the efficiency is low, thin plate workpieces such as brittle plates are drilled, multiple workpieces are overlapped and drilled, adhesion often occurs due to overhigh temperature, only one workpiece can be machined at one time by ordinary mechanical machining, the efficiency is too low, and the phenomenon of bending deformation or even breakage is easy to occur in machining, so that manual machining is generally performed to ensure the qualification rate of the workpieces, but the production efficiency is too low, the manpower resource waste is serious, and accordingly, small workpiece punching equipment for mechanical automatic machining is designed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides small workpiece punching equipment for mechanical automatic processing, which is used for overcoming the defects in the prior art.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a small workpiece punching device for mechanical automatic processing comprises an arm with multiple degrees of freedom, a cylinder with an opening at the lower end is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the arm, a horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cylinder, a first through hole is formed in the middle of the horizontal plate, second electric telescopic rods with upward movable rods are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the top surface of the horizontal plate, a horizontal support plate is arranged between the movable rods of the second electric telescopic rods, a second through hole is formed in the middle of the top surface of the support plate, a rotating shaft penetrates through the second through hole and is connected with a side bearing of the second through hole, a drill bit clamping jaw is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the rotating shaft and is matched with a drill bit, a first gear is fixedly sleeved on the upper portion of the rotating shaft, a motor is fixedly arranged at the top of the support plate, a second gear is fixedly sleeved on an output shaft of the motor and is meshed with the first gear, a plurality of guide grooves along the left and right directions are symmetrically distributed on the bottom surface of the horizontal plate, all install the first slide rail of orientation about controlling in the guide way, all cooperate on the first slide rail to install second electric slider, the side is equipped with two parallel risers about the horizontal plate below, the riser top surface all with second electric slider fixed connection with one side, the trapezoidal recess along the fore-and-aft direction of many upper and lower equipartitions is all seted up to the side that two risers are relative, horizontal third through-hole has all been seted up to the downside inclined plane of trapezoidal recess near vertical bottom surface position department, all pass the diaphragm in the third through-hole, the side that two risers back-to-back all is fixed with the symmetry and has the fourth electric telescopic handle that the movable rod is outwards, the expansion end of fourth electric telescopic handle all passes through the connecting rod and is connected with the diaphragm fixed connection with one side, two riser lower parts are equipped with along the work piece conveyer belt of fore-and-aft direction, be equipped with the controller in addition, controller and arm, second electric telescopic handle, a motor, second electric slider, the controller, The fourth electric telescopic rod and the workpiece conveying belt are connected, the lower side inclined plane of the trapezoid groove at the lowest side is intersected with the bottom surface of the corresponding vertical plate, and the included angle between the lower side inclined plane and the bottom surface of the corresponding vertical plate is an acute angle.

According to the small workpiece punching equipment for mechanical automatic processing, the rubber buffer layers are fixedly arranged on the vertical surfaces of the trapezoidal grooves.

As above a little work piece drilling equipment for mechanical automation processing, horizontal plate top fixed mounting have annular slide rail, annular slide rail is located inside the barrel, the cooperation is installed the first electric slider of two symmetric distributions on the annular slide rail, the equal fixed mounting of first electric slider top surface has the second electric telescopic handle of movable rod ascending, the equal fixed mounting in movable rod top of second electric telescopic handle has the movable rod towards the third electric telescopic handle at barrel center, the expansion end of third electric telescopic handle all with backup pad side fixed connection, controller and first electric slider, third electric telescopic handle links to each other.

According to the small workpiece punching equipment for mechanical automatic processing, the first grooves are formed in the ends, close to the drill bit drop point, of the upper portion of the lateral surface of the transverse plate, and cutting blades are fixedly mounted in the first grooves.

According to the small workpiece punching equipment for mechanical automatic processing, the pressure sensors are mounted between the rubber buffer layers and the vertical plates of the vertical bottom surfaces of the trapezoidal grooves on the left side and the right side of the uppermost portion, and the pressure sensors are connected with the controller.

The invention has the advantages that: when the device is used for punching small workpieces, the controller controls the workpiece conveyor belt to convey the workpieces to pass through between the two vertical plates, the second electric sliding blocks at two ends are close to each other through the first sliding rail and the guide groove to drive the two vertical plates to be close to each other, the workpieces are extruded and lifted to a position between vertical bottom surfaces of the two downward symmetrical trapezoidal grooves by lower side inclined surfaces of the two downward symmetrical trapezoidal grooves, the first workpiece is clamped by the two vertical plates through the trapezoidal grooves, then the mechanical arm driving device is lifted upwards quickly as a whole, the second electric sliding blocks are far away from each other quickly, the workpieces are thrown upwards, meanwhile, the workpiece conveyor belt quickly conveys the next workpiece to a position between the two vertical plates, then the mechanical arm driving device is reset quickly as a whole downwards, then the two second electric sliding blocks are closed quickly to each other quickly, so that the first workpiece is clamped in the second group of symmetrical trapezoidal grooves from bottom to top, and a second workpiece is just picked up by the lowermost trapezoid groove, after the operations are repeated for a plurality of times, the workpieces are clamped between each pair of trapezoid grooves, as shown in fig. 3, at the moment, the controller controls the workpiece conveying belt and the mechanical arm to stop acting, the controller controls the movable rods of the fourth electric telescopic rods on the left side and the right side to contract to push the transverse plates on the left side and the right side, so that the gap between the transverse plates is just below the position of the drop point of the drill bit, the transverse plates play a role of supporting the fragile workpiece, the workpiece is not easy to bend, deform or break in the drilling process, the controller controls the motor to rotate to drive the drill bit to rotate, the second electric telescopic rod is controlled to slowly shorten to enable the drill bit to continuously feed and drill the workpiece, as shown in fig. 4, after the drilling is completed, the second electric telescopic rod resets, and the mechanical arm integrally transfers the device to the position above the workpiece storage point of the next process, then the two second electric sliding blocks are rapidly far away, and the workpiece after drilling falls into a storage point or is matched with other matched material receiving equipment to take the workpiece from the device; the device is ingenious in design and reasonable in structure, thin workpieces are drilled in a centralized mode by means of reasonable control of the controller and by means of the fact that the mechanical arm and the second sliding block are matched to simulate an upward throwing action, meanwhile, the distance between every two workpieces is kept by the aid of the trapezoid grooves in the drilled holes, the device has the functions of heat dissipation and workpiece adhesion prevention due to high temperature, small workpieces are not prone to bending and deformation due to support of the transverse plate, the qualified rate of the drilled workpieces is guaranteed, the device is suitable for automatic picking and processing of materials on a workpiece conveying belt, meanwhile, the material picking and transferring equipment and the automatic punching equipment are ingeniously combined, transfer among different working procedures of the workpieces is facilitated, the manufacturing cost of the equipment is reduced while the working efficiency is improved, and manpower and material resources are reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention; FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of section I of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a view showing a clamping state of a workpiece; fig. 4 is a diagram showing a state of drilling a workpiece.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

A small workpiece punching device for mechanical automatic processing comprises a mechanical arm 1 with multiple degrees of freedom, a cylinder 3 with an opening at the lower end is fixedly installed at the lower end of the mechanical arm 1, a horizontal plate 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cylinder 3, a first through hole 5 is formed in the middle of the horizontal plate 4, second electric telescopic rods 8 with upward movable rods are symmetrically installed on the left side and the right side of the top surface of the horizontal plate 4, a horizontal supporting plate 10 is installed between the movable rods of the second electric telescopic rods 8, a second through hole 11 is formed in the middle of the top surface of the supporting plate 10, a rotating shaft 12 penetrates through the second through hole 11, the rotating shaft 12 is connected with a bearing on the side surface of the second through hole 11, a drill bit clamping claw 13 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the rotating shaft 12, a drill bit 14 is installed on the drill bit clamping claw 13 in a matched mode, a first gear 15 is fixedly sleeved on the upper portion of the rotating shaft 12, a motor 16 is fixedly installed on the top of the supporting plate 10, a second gear 17 is fixedly sleeved on an output shaft of the motor 16, the second gear 17 is engaged with the first gear 15, a plurality of guide grooves 18 along the left and right directions are symmetrically distributed on the bottom surface of the horizontal plate 4, first slide rails 19 facing left and right are installed in the guide grooves 18, second electric sliders 20 are installed on the first slide rails 19 in a matching manner, two parallel vertical plates 21 are arranged on the left and right sides below the horizontal plate 4, the top surfaces of the vertical plates 21 are fixedly connected with the second electric sliders 20 on the same side, a plurality of vertically and uniformly distributed trapezoidal grooves 22 along the front and rear directions are formed on the opposite side surfaces of the two vertical plates 21, transverse third through holes 23 are formed at the positions, close to the vertical bottom surface, of the lower inclined surfaces of the trapezoidal grooves 22, transverse plates 24 penetrate through the third through holes 23, fourth electric telescopic rods 25 with the movable rods facing outwards are fixed on the opposite side surfaces of the two vertical plates 21, and the movable ends of the fourth electric telescopic rods 25 are fixedly connected with the transverse plates 24 on the same side through connecting rods, the lower parts of the two vertical plates 21 are provided with workpiece conveying belts 26 along the front-back direction, a controller is additionally arranged, the controller is connected with the mechanical arm 1, the second electric telescopic rod 8, the motor 16, the second electric sliding block 20, the fourth electric telescopic rod 25 and the workpiece conveying belts 26, the lower side inclined surface of the lowermost trapezoid groove 22 is intersected with the bottom surface of the corresponding vertical plate 21, and the included angle between the lower side inclined surface and the bottom surface is an acute angle. When the device is used for punching small workpieces, the controller controls the workpiece conveyor belt 26 to convey the workpieces to pass through between the two vertical plates 21, the second electric sliding blocks 20 at the two ends are close to each other through the first slide rail 19 and the guide groove 18 to drive the two vertical plates 21 to close to each other, the workpieces are extruded and lifted to a position between the vertical bottom surfaces of the two downward symmetrical trapezoidal grooves 22 by the lower side inclined surfaces of the two downward symmetrical trapezoidal grooves 22, the two vertical plates 21 clamp the first workpiece through the trapezoidal grooves 22, then the mechanical arm 1 drives the device to be lifted upwards quickly as a whole, then the second electric sliding blocks 20 are quickly away from each other, the workpieces are thrown upwards, meanwhile, the workpiece conveyor belt 26 quickly conveys the next workpiece to a position between the two vertical plates 21, then the mechanical arm 1 pushes the device to be reset downwards quickly as a whole, and then the two second electric sliding blocks 20 are quickly close to each other, so that the first workpiece is just clamped in the second group of symmetrical trapezoidal grooves 22 from bottom to top, and the second workpiece is just picked up by the lowermost trapezoidal groove 22, after the above operations are repeated for a plurality of times, the workpieces are clamped between each pair of trapezoidal grooves 22, as shown in fig. 3, at this time, the controller controls the workpiece conveyor belt 26 and the mechanical arm 1 to stop moving, the controller controls the movable rods of the fourth electric telescopic rods 25 at the left and right sides to contract, the transverse plates 24 at the left and right sides are pushed, so that the gap between the transverse plates 24 is just below the position of the drill bit drop point, the transverse plates 24 play a role of supporting the fragile workpiece, so that the workpiece is not easily bent, deformed or broken in the drilling process, the controller controls the motor 16 to rotate, further drives the drill bit 14 to rotate, and controls the second electric telescopic rod 8 to slowly shorten, so that the drill bit 14 is continuously fed and drills the workpieces, as shown in fig. 4, after drilling is completed, the second electric telescopic rod 8 is reset, the mechanical arm 1 integrally transfers the device to a position above a workpiece storage point in the next process, the two second electric sliding blocks 20 are quickly away from the workpiece storage point, and the workpiece after drilling falls into the storage point or is matched with other matched material receiving equipment to take the workpiece from the device; the automatic material picking and transferring device is ingenious in design and reasonable in structure, thin workpieces are drilled in a centralized mode by means of the mechanical arm 1 and the second sliding block 20 which are matched to simulate an upward throwing action through reasonable control of the controller, meanwhile, the trapezoidal grooves 22 in the drilled holes keep the distance between every two workpieces, the device has the functions of heat dissipation and workpiece adhesion prevention due to high temperature, small workpieces are not prone to bending and deformation through the support of the transverse plate 24, the qualified rate of the drilled workpieces is guaranteed, the automatic material picking and transferring device is suitable for automatic picking and processing of materials on the workpiece conveying belt 26, meanwhile, the material picking and transferring device is ingeniously combined with the automatic punching device, transfer among different working procedures of the workpieces is facilitated, the manufacturing cost of the device is reduced while the working efficiency is improved, and manpower and material resources are reduced.

Specifically, as shown in the drawings, the rubber buffer layer 27 is fixedly mounted on the vertical surface of each trapezoidal groove 22. The rubber buffer layer 27 can protect the workpiece and prevent the workpiece from being knocked and damaged when the workpiece is thrown.

Specifically, as shown in the figure, this embodiment 4 top fixed mounting of horizontal plate have annular slide rail 6, annular slide rail 6 is located inside barrel 3, the cooperation is installed two symmetric distributions's first electric slider 7 on the annular slide rail 6, the equal fixed mounting in 7 top surfaces of first electric slider has the second electric telescopic handle 8 of movable rod up, the equal fixed mounting in movable rod top of second electric telescopic handle 8 has the movable rod towards the third electric telescopic handle 9 at barrel 3 center, the expansion end of third electric telescopic handle 9 all with backup pad 10 side fixed connection, the controller with first electric slider 7, third electric telescopic handle 9 links to each other. The extension or shortening of the movable rod of the third electric telescopic rod 9 can be adjusted by the controller to adjust the position of the drop point of the drill bit 14 in the length direction of the third electric telescopic rod 9, the length direction of the third electric telescopic rod 9 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the first electric slide block 7 on the annular slide rail 6, and the drill bit 14 can be adjusted at any drop point on the top surface of the workpiece by matching the first electric slide block and the second electric slide block.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, the first grooves 2 are formed in the upper side of the transverse plate 24 in the embodiment, which is close to the drop point of the drill 14, and the cutting inserts 28 are fixedly mounted in the first grooves 2. After the workpiece is drilled, the drill 14 is returned, and the fourth electric telescopic rod 25 performs reciprocating expansion and contraction operations in the left-right direction, so that burrs at the bottom of the drilled workpiece are cut and removed by the cutting blade 28.

Furthermore, as shown in the figure, a pressure sensor 29 is installed between the rubber buffer layer 27 on the vertical bottom surface of the uppermost left and right trapezoidal grooves 22 and the vertical plate 21, and the pressure sensor 29 is connected with the controller. When the pressure sensor 29 is pressed, a workpiece is clamped between each pair of the trapezoidal grooves 22, and the pressure sensor 29 immediately sends a signal to the controller, so that the overall matching degree of the device is improved, and the working condition stability of the device is guaranteed.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a little work piece drilling equipment for mechanical automation processing which characterized in that: comprises a mechanical arm (1) with multiple degrees of freedom, a cylinder body (3) with an opening at the lower end is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the mechanical arm (1), a horizontal plate (4) is fixedly connected at the bottom end of the cylinder body (3), a first through hole (5) is formed in the middle of the horizontal plate (4), second electric telescopic rods (8) with upward movable rods are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the top surface of the horizontal plate (4), a horizontal support plate (10) is arranged between the movable rods of the second electric telescopic rods (8), a second through hole (11) is formed in the middle of the top surface of the support plate (10), a rotating shaft (12) penetrates through the second through hole (11), the rotating shaft (12) is connected with a bearing on the side surface of the second through hole (11), a drill bit clamping claw (13) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the rotating shaft (12), a drill bit (14) is arranged on the drill bit clamping claw (13) in a matched manner, and a first gear (15) is fixedly sleeved at the upper part of the rotating shaft (12), a motor (16) is fixedly installed at the top of the supporting plate (10), a second gear (17) is fixedly sleeved on an output shaft of the motor (16), the second gear (17) is meshed with the first gear (15), a plurality of guide grooves (18) along the left and right directions are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the bottom surface of the horizontal plate (4), first slide rails (19) facing left and right are installed in the guide grooves (18), second electric sliders (20) are installed on the first slide rails (19) in a matched manner, two parallel vertical plates (21) are arranged on the left and right sides below the horizontal plate (4), the top surfaces of the vertical plates (21) are fixedly connected with the second electric sliders (20) on the same side, a plurality of trapezoidal grooves (22) along the front and rear directions are uniformly distributed on the opposite sides of the two vertical plates (21), and transverse third through holes (23) are formed at positions, close to the vertical bottom surfaces, of the lower inclined surfaces of the trapezoidal grooves (22), all passed diaphragm (24) in third through-hole (23), two sides that riser (21) carried on the back mutually all are fixed with the symmetry and have fourth electric telescopic handle (25) that the movable rod is outside, the expansion end of fourth electric telescopic handle (25) all is through connecting rod and diaphragm (24) fixed connection with one side, two riser (21) lower parts are equipped with work piece conveyer belt (26) along the fore-and-aft direction, be equipped with the controller in addition, controller and arm (1), second electric telescopic handle (8), motor (16), second electric slider (20), fourth electric telescopic handle (25) and work piece conveyer belt (26) link to each other, trapezoidal recess (22) downside inclined plane of downside and riser (21) bottom surface that corresponds intersect and both contained angles are the acute angle.

2. The small workpiece punching device for mechanical automated processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: and rubber buffer layers (27) are fixedly arranged on the vertical surfaces of the trapezoidal grooves (22).

3. The small workpiece punching device for mechanical automated processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: horizontal plate (4) top fixed mounting have annular slide rail (6), annular slide rail (6) are located inside barrel (3), cooperate on annular slide rail (6) to install first electric slider (7) of two symmetric distributions, the equal fixed mounting of first electric slider (7) top surface has second electric telescopic handle (8) that the movable rod is up, the equal fixed mounting in movable rod top of second electric telescopic handle (8) has third electric telescopic handle (9) at movable rod towards barrel (3) center, the expansion end of third electric telescopic handle (9) all with backup pad (10) side fixed connection, controller and first electric slider (7), third electric telescopic handle (9) link to each other.

4. The small workpiece punching device for mechanical automated processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: and one end of the upper part of the lateral surface of the transverse plate (24), which is close to the drop point of the drill bit (14), is provided with a first groove (2), and a cutting blade (28) is fixedly arranged in the first groove (2).

5. The small workpiece punching device for mechanical automated processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: a pressure sensor (29) is arranged between the rubber buffer layer (27) on the vertical bottom surface of the left trapezoidal groove (22) and the right trapezoidal groove (22) on the top and the vertical plate (21), and the pressure sensor (29) is connected with a controller.