CN112517856A - Cylinder block casting method and sand core assembly - Google Patents

Cylinder block casting method and sand core assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112517856A
CN112517856A CN201910884868.5A CN201910884868A CN112517856A CN 112517856 A CN112517856 A CN 112517856A CN 201910884868 A CN201910884868 A CN 201910884868A CN 112517856 A CN112517856 A CN 112517856A
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China
Prior art keywords
core
cylinder block
sand
water jacket
casting
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Pending
Application number
CN201910884868.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨基
陈金元
吕登红
张俊
许振冲
马国胜
谢永泽
王浩
傅显珍
王于明
江诚亮
欧洪荣
周梁坚
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Guangxi Yuchai Machinery Co Ltd
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Guangxi Yuchai Machinery Co Ltd
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Application filed by Guangxi Yuchai Machinery Co Ltd filed Critical Guangxi Yuchai Machinery Co Ltd
Priority to CN201910884868.5A priority Critical patent/CN112517856A/en
Publication of CN112517856A publication Critical patent/CN112517856A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/22Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C3/00Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/08Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
    • B22C9/082Sprues, pouring cups
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/10Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
    • B22C9/103Multipart cores
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/10Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
    • B22C9/108Installation of cores
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/12Treating moulds or cores, e.g. drying, hardening

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a cylinder block casting method, which comprises the following steps: and arranging the sand core assembly to obtain the cylinder body with the upward cylinder hole by adopting a vertical pouring method, and casting to obtain the cylinder body without process holes at two sides. The invention also discloses a sand core component for casting the cylinder block. According to the cylinder block casting method and the sand core assembly, the vertical pouring, bottom pouring and cylinder hole upward pouring mode is adopted, the water jacket core is prevented from deforming or even breaking under the action of high-temperature metal liquid buoyancy and the action of core head extrusion during core assembly, the casting precision of a casting water cavity is improved, and casting scrapping is prevented; meanwhile, the pouring mode can effectively avoid the quality problems of sand core sintering and the like caused by the fact that the water jacket core and the tappet chamber core are soaked in high-temperature metal liquid for a long time, and improves the casting quality.

Description

Cylinder block casting method and sand core assembly
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of casting of engine cylinder blocks, in particular to a cylinder block casting method and a sand core assembly.
Background
The engine is a complex machine composed of many mechanisms and systems, and generally consists of eight major parts: the engine comprises a machine body group, a crank connecting rod mechanism, a valve mechanism, a supply system, an ignition system, a cooling system, a lubricating system, a starting system and the like. The engine body group comprises a cylinder head, a cylinder body and an oil pan. The cylinder block is a main body of the engine, connects each cylinder and a crankcase into a whole, and is a supporting framework for mounting pistons, crankshafts, other parts and accessories. The cylinder block of the diesel engine is generally made of cast iron, and the casting is usually adopted to produce a cylinder block casting blank. Cast iron cylinder blocks are generally produced by sand casting, i.e., casting by compacting with molding sand. Sand casting is the most widely used casting method, and the main procedures comprise: manufacturing a model, preparing a molding material, molding, core making, mold assembling, smelting, pouring, sand shakeout, cleaning, inspecting and the like. The inner cavity, the hole and the groove of the cylinder body cannot directly produce sand, and the parts need to be formed by sand cores. The sand cores of the cylinder block are mainly distinguished according to the positions, each position is formed by one sand core, and the sand cores are generally divided into a chassis core, a water channel core, a tappet chamber core, a main body core and an end face core, and the dry-wet cylinder block also comprises a water jacket core, a reference plane core and the like.
The existing cylinder block and the casting process method thereof have certain limitations in the use process, which are mainly shown in the following steps:
(1) the two side surfaces of the cylinder body are provided with a certain number of process holes for fixing the water jacket core and the tappet chamber core, exhausting and cleaning castings, and the defects are as follows: the side surface is provided with a process hole, so that the integral rigidity of the cylinder body is influenced; the side surface is provided with the process holes, so that the attractiveness of the cylinder body is influenced, and the product competitiveness is reduced; the fabrication holes need to be processed and plugged, so that the processing, assembling and plugging time of the fabrication holes is increased, and the production efficiency is reduced; the fabrication holes need to be processed and plugged, so that the processing cost of the fabrication holes, the assembly cost of the water plugging sheet and the purchase cost of the water plugging sheet are increased;
(2) in the traditional casting process, the cylinder block generally adopts a horizontal pouring mode or a vertical pouring mode with a downward cylinder hole, and the defects are as follows: the cylinder body is horizontally poured or vertically poured with the cylinder hole facing downwards, and the water jacket core can deform or even break under the action of high-temperature metal liquid buoyancy and the action of core head extrusion during core assembly; and the water jacket core and the tappet chamber core are soaked in high-temperature metal liquid for a long time, so that the defects of sand core sintering and the like can be caused, even castings are scrapped, and the quality of the castings is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a cylinder block casting method that ensures uniform casting and good casting quality.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a sand core assembly for casting a cylinder block.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a cylinder block casting method including: and arranging the sand core assembly to obtain the cylinder body with the upward cylinder hole by adopting a vertical pouring method, and casting to obtain the cylinder body without process holes at two sides.
Further, the method for casting the cylinder block without the process holes on two sides comprises the following steps: the cylinder body is provided with a crankshaft cavity and a cylinder hole, wherein the crankshaft cavity and the cylinder hole are matched with each other; the chassis core is provided with two end surface cores and two side surface cores, and a water jacket hole core group sleeved on the upper part of the main body core is erected between the two end surface cores; and pouring molten iron between the sand cores to obtain the cylinder body without the process holes on the two sides.
Furthermore, a reference surface core and a water jacket core inserted in the bottom surface of the reference surface core are arranged on the water jacket hole core group, and a tappet chamber core is arranged on one side of the reference surface core.
Furthermore, the water jacket core adopts laser sintering precoated sand, and the tappet chamber core adopts chrome ore composite sand; and a layer of zircon powder alcohol-based coating is coated at the joint of the water jacket cores, ignited and dried, then the water-based coating is integrally dip-coated and dried, and finally the zircon powder alcohol-based coating is coated at the joint of the water jacket cores, ignited and dried.
Furthermore, a pouring runner extending to the bottom of the chassis core is arranged on the end face core at one end.
In order to achieve the second purpose, the sand core assembly for achieving the cylinder block casting method comprises a chassis core, two end face cores arranged at two ends of the chassis core and side face cores arranged at two sides of the chassis core, a plurality of main body cores matched with a crankshaft cavity and a cylinder hole of a cylinder block are arranged on the chassis core side by side, a water jacket hole core group sleeved on the upper portion of the main body core is erected between the two end face cores, and the sand core assembly further comprises a cover plate core.
Furthermore, the water jacket hole core group is provided with a reference surface core and a water jacket core inserted on the bottom surface of the reference surface core.
Furthermore, one side of the reference surface core is provided with a tappet chamber core.
Furthermore, a pouring runner extending to the bottom of the chassis core is arranged on the end face core at one end.
Furthermore, the reference surface core is provided with a vent hole, the cover disc core is provided with a through hole which is matched with the vent hole, and the cover disc core is provided with a pouring gate which is matched with the pouring runner.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the cylinder block casting method and the sand core component have the following beneficial effects:
(1) the rigidity of the whole cylinder body is improved;
(2) the attractiveness of the cylinder body is improved, and the product competitiveness is improved;
(3) the production efficiency of the cylinder body is improved: the processing time of the fabrication hole is reduced, and the assembling time of the water blocking piece is reduced;
(4) and the production cost is reduced: the processing cost of the fabrication hole is reduced, the assembly cost of the water blocking piece is reduced, and the purchase cost of the water blocking piece is reduced;
(5) the pouring mode of vertical pouring, bottom pouring and upward cylinder hole is adopted, so that the water jacket core is prevented from deforming or even breaking under the action of high-temperature metal liquid buoyancy and the action of core head extrusion during core assembly, the casting precision of a casting water cavity is improved, and the casting is prevented from being scrapped; meanwhile, the pouring mode can effectively avoid the quality problems of sand core sintering and the like caused by the fact that the water jacket core and the tappet chamber core are soaked in high-temperature metal liquid for a long time, and improves the casting quality.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional cylinder block;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a conventional vertical cast cylinder block;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a conventional sand core assembly of a vertically cast cylinder block;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a conventional horizontally cast cylinder block;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a conventional horizontal cast cylinder block sand core assembly;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the construction of the sand core assembly of the vertical cast cylinder block of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of a vertically cast cylinder block according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a body core according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of a water jacket hole core set in the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the body core and the water jacket hole core assembly in the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of the main body core, the water jacket hole core group and the side core group according to the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of the construction of the sand core assembly of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a cylinder block; 101. a cylinder bore; 2. a fabrication hole; 3. pouring a runner; 4. a vent hole; 5. a pouring gate; 6. water jacket hole core group; 10. a chassis core; 11. a body core; 12. an end face core; 13. a reference face core; 14. a water jacket core; 15. a tappet chamber core; 16. a side core; 17. covering the disc core; 20. and (5) processing the hole core print.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
The specific embodiments of the present invention are such that: as shown in fig. 1 to 12, a cylinder block casting method includes: the cylinder block 1 with the upward cylinder hole 101 is obtained by a vertical pouring method by arranging a sand core assembly, and the two sides of the cylinder block 1 obtained by casting are free of the process holes 2. The vertical pouring, bottom pouring and cylinder hole upward pouring mode is adopted, so that the water jacket core is prevented from deforming or even breaking under the action of high-temperature metal liquid buoyancy and the action of core head extrusion during core assembly, the casting precision of a casting water cavity is improved, and the casting is prevented from being scrapped; meanwhile, the pouring mode can effectively avoid the quality problems of sand core sintering and the like caused by the fact that the water jacket core and the tappet chamber core are soaked in high-temperature metal liquid for a long time, and improves the casting quality.
And (3) bottom pouring, wherein a pouring runner 3 is designed at one end and the bottom of the cylinder body 1, and an inner pouring gate is designed at the lower edge of the machine legs at two sides of the cylinder body 1.
In the present embodiment, the method of casting the cylinder block 1 without the process holes 2 on both sides includes: the cylinder block is characterized in that a base plate core 10 and a main body core 11 matched with a crankshaft cavity and a cylinder hole 101 of the cylinder block 1 are arranged, the base plate core 10 is used for supporting the filled cylinder block 1, the main body core 11 is placed on the base plate core 10, two end face cores 12 and two side face cores 16 are arranged on the base plate core 10, a water jacket hole core group 6 sleeved on the upper portion of the main body core 11 is erected between the two end face cores 12, and molten iron is poured between the sand cores to obtain the cylinder block 1 without the process holes 2 on two sides.
In the present embodiment, the water jacket hole core group 6 is provided with a reference surface core 13 and a water jacket core 14 inserted into the bottom surface of the reference surface core 13.
In this embodiment, a tappet chamber core 15 is provided on one side of the reference surface core 13.
In the embodiment, the water jacket core 14 adopts laser sintering precoated sand, and the tappet chamber core 15 adopts chrome ore composite sand; the joint of the water jacket core 14 is coated with a layer of zircon powder alcohol-based coating, ignited and dried, then the whole water jacket core is dipped and coated with a water-based coating and dried, and finally the joint of the water jacket core 14 is coated with a layer of zircon powder alcohol-based coating, ignited and dried. The specific gravity of the zircon powder alcohol-based coating is 1.04-1.12 g/cubic centimeter; the water-based paint 3454 has a specific gravity of 1.31 to 1.34 g/cc. And (3) drying other sand mould dip-coating water-based coatings or coating zircon powder alcohol-based coatings once, igniting and drying.
In this embodiment, the end face core 12 at one end is provided with a pouring runner 3 extending to the bottom chassis core 10.
The implementation process of the cylinder block casting process comprises the following steps:
1) core making: and manufacturing sand molds such as a chassis core 10, a main body core 11, an end face core 12, a reference face core 13, a water jacket core 14, a tappet chamber core 15, a side face core 16, a cover disc core 17 and the like according to casting process models. The water jacket core adopts laser sintering precoated sand, the tappet chamber core adopts chrome ore composite sand, and the rest of sand molds adopt low-price self-hardening sand.
2) Coating: firstly coating zircon powder alcohol-based coating at the weak positions of the sand cores of the water jacket core 14 and the tappet chamber core 15, igniting and drying, then integrally dip-coating the water-based coating, drying, and finally coating zircon powder alcohol-based coating at the weak positions of the sand cores of the water jacket core 14 and the tappet chamber core 15, igniting and drying. And (3) drying other sand mould dip-coating water-based coatings or coating zircon powder alcohol-based coatings once, igniting and drying.
3) Core assembly I: sequentially mounting each main body core 11 and the end face core 12 on the chassis core 10 through the positioning core print of the main body core 1; wherein, all the main body cores 11 and the end face cores 12 form a main body core group.
4) And (3) core assembly II: the water jacket core 14 is installed on the reference surface core 13 through the raised core head to form the water jacket core group 6.
5) Core assembly three: the water jacket core group 6 is arranged on the side core 16 by positioning the core head through the bulge on the water jacket core group 6 and the core head position of the end surface core recess.
6) And (4) core assembly: the tappet chamber core 15 is mounted on the main body core set and the water jacket core set 6.
7) Core assembly five: the core print is positioned by the protrusion of the side core, the side core 16 is installed, and then the cover core 17 is closed.
8) And finally, carrying out the working procedures of melting, pouring, heat treatment, cleaning and the like to obtain a qualified cylinder block 1 blank.
The utility model provides a foundry sand core assembly of cylinder block, includes chassis core 10, locates two terminal surface cores 12 at chassis core 10 both ends, locates the side core 16 of chassis core 10 both sides, has arranged side by side on the chassis core 10 a plurality of with the main part core 11 of the crankshaft chamber of cylinder block 1 and jar hole 101 looks adaptation, has erect the water jacket hole core group 6 of suit on main part core 11 upper portion between two terminal surface cores 12, and sand core assembly still includes lid dish core 17. In the sand core component cast by the cylinder block, the two sides of the cylinder block 1 are not provided with the fabrication holes, so that the integral rigidity of the cylinder block 1 is improved; the attractiveness of the cylinder body 1 is improved, and the product competitiveness is improved; moreover, the cylinder block 1 can be lifted from above to achieve the mold release, improving the production efficiency of the cylinder block 1: the processing time of the later-stage processing process hole is reduced, and the assembling time of installing the water plugging sheet on the cylinder body 1 is reduced; the production cost is reduced: the processing cost of fabrication holes is reduced, the assembly cost of the water blocking piece is reduced, and the purchase cost of the water blocking piece is reduced.
In the present embodiment, the water jacket hole core group 6 is provided with a reference surface core 13 and a water jacket core 14 inserted into the bottom surface of the reference surface core 13. One side of the reference surface core 13 is provided with a tappet chamber core 15, and the tappet chamber core 15 is installed on one side of the reference surface core 13 and used for forming a yielding cavity on the cylinder block 1.
In this embodiment, the lower end of the main body core 11 is provided with a convex positioning core, and the chassis core 10 is correspondingly provided with a core position matched with the convex positioning core. The lower end of the side core 16 is designed with a convex positioning core, and the chassis core 10 is correspondingly designed with a concave core position matched with the convex positioning core.
In this embodiment, two ends of the water jacket core 14 are mounted on the two end face cores 12, two ends of the water jacket core 14 are provided with water outlet core heads which are convexly arranged, the end face core 12 is provided with a U-shaped positioning groove which is matched with the end face core, and a gap between the water outlet core heads and the groove wall of the U-shaped positioning groove is small for positioning; and the other water outlet core heads have large gaps and are used for filling sand or gluing to fasten the sand core and exhausting the sand core.
In this embodiment, all the fabrication hole sand cores and the fabrication hole core heads 20 are omitted from the side surfaces of the water jacket core 14 and the tappet chamber core 15, so that the side surface of the cylinder block 1 has no fabrication holes, and the cylinder block has a smooth structure, good structural rigidity and high strength.
In this embodiment, the end face core 12 at one end is provided with a pouring runner 3 extending to the bottom chassis core 10.
In this embodiment, the reference surface core 13 is provided with the vent hole 4, the cover plate core 17 is provided with a through hole corresponding to the vent hole 4, and the cover plate core 17 is provided with the pouring gate 5 corresponding to the pouring runner 3.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent.

Claims (10)

1. A cylinder block casting method, characterized by comprising: the cylinder block (1) with the upward cylinder hole (101) is obtained by arranging the sand core assembly through a vertical pouring method, and the two sides of the cylinder block (1) obtained through casting are free of process holes (2).
2. A cylinder block casting method according to claim 1, wherein the method of casting a cylinder block (1) without the process holes (2) on both sides includes: the cylinder block is characterized in that a chassis core (10) and a main body core (11) matched with a crankshaft cavity and a cylinder hole (101) of the cylinder block (1) are arranged, the chassis core (10) is used for supporting the filled cylinder block (1), and the main body core (11) is placed on the chassis core (10); the chassis core (10) is provided with two end surface cores (12) and two side surface cores (16), and a water jacket hole core group (6) sleeved on the upper part of the main body core (11) is erected between the two end surface cores (12); and pouring molten iron between the sand cores to obtain the cylinder body (1) without the process holes (2) on two sides.
3. A cylinder block casting method according to claim 2, wherein the water jacket hole core group (6) is provided with a reference surface core (13) and a water jacket core (14) inserted in the bottom surface of the reference surface core (13); one side of the reference surface core (13) is provided with a tappet chamber core (15).
4. A cylinder block casting method according to claim 3, wherein the water jacket core (14) uses laser sintering coated sand, and the tappet chamber core (15) uses chrome ore composite sand; the joint of the water jacket core (14) is coated with a layer of zircon powder alcohol-based coating, ignited and dried, then the whole water jacket core is dip-coated with a water-based coating and dried, and finally the joint of the water jacket core (14) is coated with a zircon powder alcohol-based coating, ignited and dried.
5. The cylinder block casting method according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the end face core (12) at one end is provided with a pouring runner (3) extending to the chassis core (10) at the bottom.
6. A sand core assembly for realizing the cylinder block casting method of claim 1, comprising a base core (10), two end face cores (12) arranged at both ends of the base core (10), and side face cores (16) arranged at both sides of the base core (10), wherein a plurality of main body cores (11) matched with a crank cavity and a cylinder hole (101) of the cylinder block (1) are arranged on the base core (10) side by side, a water jacket hole core set (6) sleeved on the upper part of the main body core (11) is erected between the two end face cores (12), and the sand core assembly further comprises a cover disc core (17).
7. The sand core assembly for cylinder block casting according to claim 6, wherein the water jacket hole core group (6) is provided with a reference surface core (13) and a water jacket core (14) inserted into the bottom surface of the reference surface core (13).
8. The sand core assembly for cylinder block casting according to claim 6, wherein a tappet chamber core (15) is provided on one side of the reference surface core (13).
9. The sand core assembly for cylinder block casting according to claim 6, 7 or 8, wherein a pouring runner (3) on the end face core (12) at one end is provided to extend to the bottom on the floor core (10).
10. The sand core assembly for cylinder block casting according to claim 9, wherein the reference surface core (13) is provided with a vent hole (4), the cover plate core (17) is provided with a through hole adapted to the vent hole (4), and the cover plate core (17) is provided with a pouring gate (5) adapted to the pouring runner (3).
CN201910884868.5A 2019-09-19 2019-09-19 Cylinder block casting method and sand core assembly Pending CN112517856A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910884868.5A CN112517856A (en) 2019-09-19 2019-09-19 Cylinder block casting method and sand core assembly

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910884868.5A CN112517856A (en) 2019-09-19 2019-09-19 Cylinder block casting method and sand core assembly

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112517856A true CN112517856A (en) 2021-03-19

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113579165A (en) * 2021-07-08 2021-11-02 昆明云内动力股份有限公司 Casting structure and method for vertical casting process sand core combination of diesel engine cylinder cover core assembly

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113579165A (en) * 2021-07-08 2021-11-02 昆明云内动力股份有限公司 Casting structure and method for vertical casting process sand core combination of diesel engine cylinder cover core assembly
CN113579165B (en) * 2021-07-08 2023-06-02 昆明云内动力股份有限公司 Casting structure and method for sand core combination of diesel engine cylinder cover core assembly vertical casting process

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