CN112516748B - Liquid carbon dioxide spray type pressure-variable temperature-control adsorption tower - Google Patents
Liquid carbon dioxide spray type pressure-variable temperature-control adsorption tower Download PDFInfo
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- CN112516748B CN112516748B CN202011245608.2A CN202011245608A CN112516748B CN 112516748 B CN112516748 B CN 112516748B CN 202011245608 A CN202011245608 A CN 202011245608A CN 112516748 B CN112516748 B CN 112516748B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/047—Pressure swing adsorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/40007—Controlling pressure or temperature swing adsorption
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of gas treatment, and discloses a liquid carbon dioxide spray type pressure-variable temperature-control adsorption tower, which comprises a tower body, a pressure control subsystem, a spray subsystem and an adsorption subsystem; the adsorption subsystem comprises an adsorption bed and an adsorption bed fixing plate; the adsorption beds are distributed in the tower body at intervals along the vertical direction, and two ends of the adsorption beds are fixedly connected with the tower body through the adsorption bed fixing plates; the spraying subsystem comprises a spraying main pipe, spraying branch pipes and spraying pipes; the spray header is fixed in the tower body, and spray branch pipe equidistant parallel distribution is in spray header's annular region, and the shower sets up along vertical direction, and one end and spray header or spray branch pipe intercommunication, the inner chamber of spray header and tower body all is connected with the pressure control subsystem. The beneficial effects are that: when the mixed gas is adsorbed and purified, the adsorption bed is cooled, the temperature of the adsorbent is reduced, the service life of the adsorbent is prolonged, and the cooling amplitude of the adsorption bed can be controlled by regulating the evaporation pressure of carbon dioxide in the tower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gas treatment, in particular to a liquid carbon dioxide spray type pressure-variable temperature-control adsorption tower.
Background
The pressure swing adsorption technology is a gas separation technology which is newly found in industry in recent years, and mainly utilizes the difference of adsorption characteristics of gas components on a solid adsorbent and the characteristic that the adsorption quantity changes along with the pressure to realize the separation or purification of gas by changing the pressure, so that the regeneration speed is high, the energy consumption is low, and the technology is an energy-saving gas separation technology.
The key to pressure swing adsorption is physical adsorption. The physical adsorption is mainly adsorption caused by the acting force between adsorbate and adsorbent molecules, no chemical reaction occurs in the process, the adsorption process is very fast developed, the adsorption balance can be completed in a moment, and the adsorption is reversible. The key point of the widely applied technology of pressure swing adsorption purification and separation of gas is that the adsorbent shows two characteristics in the physical adsorption process: first, the adsorbent has different adsorption capacities for different gas components. And secondly, for the same gas component, the adsorption quantity is increased along with the increase of the partial pressure of the adsorbed gas component, and is reduced along with the increase of the adsorption temperature. By utilizing the first characteristic of the adsorbent, the aim of preferentially adsorbing related impurity components in a gas source so as to improve the purity of the gas to be adsorbed can be fulfilled. By utilizing the second characteristic of the adsorbent, the adsorbent can be adsorbed at a low temperature and a high pressure and can be desorbed and regenerated at a high temperature and a low pressure, so that the adsorption or regeneration cycle of the adsorbent is realized, the adsorbent is fully utilized, and the gas is continuously separated and purified.
In the technical field of pressure swing adsorption at present, the main factors influencing the pressure swing adsorption effect have the following three aspects: feed gas composition, feed gas temperature, and operating pressure. Wherein the influence of the feed gas composition and the operating pressure on the adsorption capacity of the device can be adjusted according to the actual working conditions in the actual production process. The influence of the feed gas temperature on the adsorption effect is as follows: the higher the temperature of the raw material gas, the heat transfer is generated between the raw material gas and the adsorbent, the higher the temperature of the adsorbent is, the heat is released in the adsorption process, and the temperature of the adsorbent is further increased. The higher the temperature of the adsorbent, the lower the adsorption equilibrium curve, the smaller the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent, the shorter the cycle time of adsorption, desorption, and regeneration, and the lower the treatment capacity of the adsorption tower, the poorer the adsorption effect.
In the existing pressure swing adsorption purification device for practical application, the temperature of gas to be adsorbed is mostly reduced in advance, and the phenomena of reduced adsorption capacity and poor adsorption effect caused by the temperature rise of the adsorbent due to heat release in the adsorption process are controlled by lack of corresponding effective measures, so that the finally achieved effect is not ideal. Therefore, the device which can cool the adsorbent and control the temperature rise range of the adsorbent is designed, and has high practical value for improving the adsorption effect of the existing adsorption bed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides the liquid carbon dioxide spray type pressure-variable and temperature-control adsorption tower which is simple and reasonable in structure and can cool the adsorbent and control the temperature rise range of the adsorbent.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a liquid carbon dioxide spray type pressure-variable temperature-control adsorption tower comprises a tower body, a pressure control subsystem, a spray subsystem and an adsorption subsystem; an evaporation cavity is formed in the tower body; the adsorption subsystem comprises an adsorption bed and an adsorption bed fixing plate; the adsorption bed fixing plates are fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the evaporation cavity, the adsorption beds are distributed in the tower body at intervals along the vertical direction, and the two ends of each adsorption bed are fixedly connected with the adsorption bed fixing plates; the spraying subsystem comprises a spraying main pipe, spraying branch pipes and spraying pipes; spray header is the annular, spray header is fixed in the inner wall of tower body to be located the evaporation chamber, and be located the below of top adsorption bed fixed plate, spray branch equidistant parallel distribution is in spray header's annular region, and both ends all with spray header intercommunication, interval and adsorption bed's thickness one-to-one between the spray branch, the shower sets up along vertical direction, the one end and the spray header or the spray branch intercommunication of shower, its other end seal, evenly distributed's the hole that sprays is opened to the body of shower, the evaporation chamber of spray header and tower body all is connected with the pressure control subsystem.
Furthermore, the spraying subsystem also comprises a backflow carbon dioxide gas shunting device, and the backflow carbon dioxide gas shunting device comprises a shunting branch pipe and an annular shunting main pipe; the reposition of redundant personnel is responsible for the inner wall that is fixed in the tower body to be located the evaporation chamber, the reposition of redundant personnel is responsible for and is located the top adsorbent bed fixed plate and spray between the house steward, the equidistant parallel distribution of reposition of redundant personnel branch pipe is in the annular region that the reposition of redundant personnel was responsible for, and both ends all are responsible for the intercommunication with the reposition of redundant personnel, interval between the reposition of redundant personnel branch pipe and adsorbent bed's thickness one-to-one, the latter half of reposition of redundant personnel branch pipe of being responsible for and reposition of redundant personnel branch pipe has all opened a plurality of shunting hole. The diameter of the shunting hole is 0.5-3 mm.
Furthermore, the adsorption bed, the backflow carbon dioxide gas shunting device, the spraying main pipe, the spraying branch pipes and the spraying pipes are all made of stainless steel materials.
Further, the pressure control subsystem comprises a pressure sensor, a pressure sensing transmitter, a pressure controller and an electromagnetic valve which are connected in sequence; the electromagnetic valve is arranged at the inlet end of the spray header pipe, the pressure sensing transmitter is connected with a pressure sensor in the evaporation cavity, the opening degree of the electromagnetic valve is determined by a control signal sent by the pressure controller, and the control and measurement of the pressure controller adopt proportional-differential-integral control (PID). The pressure sensing transmitter is connected with the electromagnetic valve through the pressure controller.
Furthermore, the pipe body of the spray pipe is opposite to the side of the adsorption bed and is uniformly provided with spray holes within 120 degrees, and the diameter of each spray hole is 1-5 mm.
Furthermore, the diameter of the spraying branch pipe is slightly smaller than that of the spraying main pipe, and the difference between the diameter of the spraying main pipe and the diameter of the spraying pipe is 20-60 mm.
Furthermore, the adsorption bed fixed plate is two from top to bottom, the adsorption bed fixed plate is opened has the installation window with the adsorption bed one-to-one, accompany the gasket between adsorption bed fixed plate and the adsorption bed to realize sealed through bolted connection.
Furthermore, the number of the adsorption beds is 11-19, the thickness of the adsorption beds is 100-200 mm, and the distance between the adsorption beds is 100-150 mm.
Further, the tower body comprises a shell, an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate; the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are respectively buckled at the upper end and the lower end of the shell, the inner area of the shell is an evaporation cavity, the adsorption bed fixing plates are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the shell, gaskets are clamped between the adsorption bed fixing plates and the upper cover plate and between the adsorption bed fixing plates and the lower cover plate, and sealing is realized through bolt connection. The lower cover plate is provided with an air inlet, the upper cover plate is provided with an air outlet, and the shell is provided with a liquid carbon dioxide inlet, a gas carbon dioxide outlet and a backflow carbon dioxide inlet; the liquid carbon dioxide inlet is communicated with the spraying main pipe, the electromagnetic valve of the pressure control subsystem is connected with the liquid carbon dioxide inlet, the backflow carbon dioxide inlet is communicated with the shunting main pipe, and the gas carbon dioxide outlet is located at the bottom of the shell.
Further, still include liquid carbon dioxide pump, open the bottom of shell has liquid carbon dioxide backward flow mouth, liquid carbon dioxide backward flow mouth passes through liquid carbon dioxide backflow pipeline and liquid carbon dioxide entry intercommunication, liquid carbon dioxide pump is installed on liquid carbon dioxide backflow pipeline.
Further, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are both arc-shaped.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. this adsorption tower structural design is reasonable, simple to operate, and the maintenance is simple, reduces the maintenance cost, sprays liquid carbon dioxide to the surface of adsorption bed through setting up spray header, spray branch pipe and shower, to the adsorption bed processing of cooling down when adsorbing the purification to the mist, has reduced the temperature of adsorbent, has prolonged the life of adsorbent, has improved adsorption efficiency. The pressure control subsystem can be used for adjusting the evaporation pressure value of the carbon dioxide gas in the evaporation cavity, so that the liquid carbon dioxide is evaporated under the set pressure, the evaporation temperature of the liquid carbon dioxide is controlled, and the refrigeration temperature of the pressure swing adsorption bed is controlled.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a liquid carbon dioxide spray-type pressure-variable and temperature-controlled adsorption tower according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the construction of a fixed plate of an adsorption bed according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view at the inlet of liquid carbon dioxide according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a top view of a spray subsystem according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows a front view of a spray subsystem according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of a shower in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 7 shows a cross-sectional view at the reflux carbon dioxide gas split device according to the invention;
fig. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of the middle part of an adsorption column according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a tower body; 101 is a shell; 102 is an upper cover plate; 103 is a lower cover plate; 104 is an evaporation cavity; 105 is an air inlet; 106 is an air outlet; 107 is a liquid carbon dioxide inlet; 108 is a reflux carbon dioxide inlet; 109 is a gas carbon dioxide outlet; 2 is a pressure control subsystem; 201 is a pressure sensor; 202 is a pressure sensing transducer; 203 is a pressure controller; 204 is an electromagnetic valve; 3 is a reflux carbon dioxide gas shunting device; 301 is a main shunting pipe; 302 is a shunt branch pipe; 303 is a shunt hole; 4 is a main spray pipe; 5 is a spray branch pipe; 6 is a spray pipe; 601 is a spray hole; 7 is an adsorption bed; 8 is an adsorption bed fixing plate; 801 is an installation window; 802 is a bolt hole; 9 is a liquid carbon dioxide pump; 901 is a liquid carbon dioxide return line.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
The liquid carbon dioxide spray type pressure-variable and temperature-controlled adsorption tower shown in fig. 1-8 comprises a tower body 1, a pressure control subsystem 2, a spray subsystem and an adsorption subsystem; the inside of the tower body 1 is provided with an evaporation cavity 104; the adsorption subsystem comprises an adsorption bed 7 and an adsorption bed fixing plate 8; the adsorption bed fixing plates 8 are fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the evaporation cavity 104, the adsorption beds 7 are distributed in the tower body 1 at intervals in parallel along the vertical direction, and the two ends of the adsorption beds 7 are fixedly connected with the adsorption bed fixing plates 8; the spraying subsystem comprises a spraying main pipe 4, spraying branch pipes 5 and spraying pipes 6; the spraying main pipe 4 is annular, the spraying main pipe 4 is fixed in the evaporation cavity 104 of the tower body 1, and is positioned below the upper adsorption bed fixing plate 8, the spray header pipe 4 is communicated with a liquid carbon dioxide inlet 107 of the tower body, the spraying branch pipes 5 are distributed in the annular area of the spraying main pipe 4 in parallel at equal intervals, both ends of the spraying branch pipes 5 are communicated with the spraying main pipe 4, the intervals among the spraying branch pipes 5 correspond to the thicknesses of the adsorption beds 7 one by one, the adsorption beds 7 which are distributed at intervals correspondingly penetrate through the intervals among the spraying branch pipes 5, the spray pipes 6 are arranged along the vertical direction, one end of each spray pipe 6 is communicated with the spray main pipe 4 or the spray branch pipe 5, the other end is closed, the pipe body of the spray pipe 6 is provided with a plurality of spray holes 601 facing the adsorption bed, the spraying header pipe 4 and the evaporation cavity 104 of the tower body 1 are both connected with a pressure control subsystem. Liquid carbon dioxide is introduced into the spraying subsystem to cool the adsorption bed 7, the liquid carbon dioxide is converted into gaseous carbon dioxide after heat exchange with the adsorption bed 7 and is discharged out of the adsorption tower, and the evaporation temperature of the liquid carbon dioxide can be controlled through the pressure control subsystem, so that the refrigeration temperature of the pressure swing adsorption bed is controlled. The adsorption tower can cool the adsorbent in the adsorption bed and control the temperature rise of the adsorbent.
The spray header 4 is locked on the shell 101 and distributed annularly, the diameter of the annular area is 2700mm, and the diameter of the spray header 4 is 80 mm. The spraying branch pipes 5 are distributed in the annular area of the spraying main pipe 4 in parallel at equal intervals, two ends of the spraying branch pipes are welded on the spraying main pipe 4, and the diameter of the spraying branch pipes is 70 mm. One end of the spray pipe 6 is welded on the spray header pipe 4 or the spray branch pipe 5, and the other end is closed, the diameter is 50mm, and the length is 7000 mm. The pipe body of the spray pipe 6 is opposite to one side of the adsorption bed and is uniformly provided with spray holes 601 within 120 degrees, and the diameter of each spray hole 601 is 1 mm. The wall thicknesses of the reflux carbon dioxide gas flow dividing device 3, the adsorption bed 7, the spray header pipe 4, the spray branch pipes 5 and the spray pipe 6 are all 5mm, and the materials are all stainless steel.
As shown in fig. 1 and 7, the spraying subsystem further comprises a backflow carbon dioxide gas diversion device 3, and the backflow carbon dioxide gas diversion device 3 is arranged at the top of the evaporation cavity 104 and is positioned between the upper adsorption bed fixing plate 8 and the spraying header pipe 4. The reflux carbon dioxide gas split device 3 includes a split main pipe 301 and split branch pipes 302. The reposition of redundant personnel is responsible for 301 and is cyclic annular distribution, and the ring conduit diameter is 80mm, the reposition of redundant personnel is responsible for 301 and is fixed in the inner wall of tower body 1, the reposition of redundant personnel is responsible for 301 and the backward flow carbon dioxide entry 108 intercommunication of tower body 1 top. The branch pipes 302 are distributed in the annular area of the main pipe 301 at equal intervals in parallel, the diameter of the pipeline is 70mm, and the shortest interval between the outer walls of the adjacent branch pipes 302 is 135 mm. Both ends of the branch flow dividing pipe 302 communicate with the main flow dividing pipe 301. The lower half parts of the main diversion pipe 301 and the branch diversion pipe 302 are provided with a plurality of diversion holes 303. The diameter of the shunting hole 303 is 0.5 mm. The returned carbon dioxide gas flows into the evaporation cavity 104 through the diversion holes 303 to promote the evaporation heat transfer of the liquid carbon dioxide. The tube spacing of the branch flow tubes 302, the width of the mounting windows 801 on the adsorbent bed fixing plate 8 and the tube spacing of the spray branch tubes 5 are adapted to the thickness of the adsorbent bed 7.
The pressure control subsystem 2 comprises a pressure sensor 201, a pressure sensing transmitter 202, a pressure controller 203 and a solenoid valve 204; the electromagnetic valve 204 is installed at the inlet end of the spray header 4, the pressure sensor transmitter 202 is connected with the pressure sensor 201 in the evaporation cavity 104, the opening degree of the electromagnetic valve 204 is determined by a control signal sent by the pressure controller 203, and the control and measurement of the pressure controller adopt proportional-differential-integral control (PID). The pressure sensing transducer 202 is connected to a solenoid valve 204 through a pressure controller 203. The pressure control subsystem 2 can control the refrigeration temperature of the pressure swing adsorption bed by setting the evaporation pressure value of the carbon dioxide gas in the evaporation cavity 104, so that the liquid carbon dioxide is evaporated under the set pressure and the evaporation temperature of the liquid carbon dioxide is controlled.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, spray holes 601 are uniformly distributed in a range of 120 degrees on the side of the pipe body of the spray pipe 6 facing the adsorption bed, and the diameter of each spray hole 601 is 1 mm. This setting can be pertinence ground and correspond the adsorption bed that sprays, improves and sprays the cooling effect.
The diameter of the spray branch pipe 5 is slightly smaller than that of the spray header pipe 4, and the difference between the diameter of the spray header pipe 4 and the diameter of the spray pipe 6 is 30 mm.
The adsorbent bed fixed plate 8 is two from top to bottom, and adsorbent bed fixed plate 8 opens and has bolt hole 802, adsorbent bed fixed plate 8 opens and has the installation window 801 with adsorbent bed 7 one-to-one, accompany the gasket between adsorbent bed fixed plate 8 and the adsorbent bed 7, realize sealing through bolted connection. The adsorption bed 7 is provided with 11 pieces in total, the thickness of each piece is 100mm, the width is adjusted along with different placement positions, the range is 300-2500 mm, the distance between adjacent bed layers is 100mm, and the height of the adsorption bed 7 is 8000 mm. The adsorption bed fixing plate 8 is provided with a mounting window 801, and the width and thickness of the mounting window 801 are matched with those of the adsorption bed 7.
The tower body 1 comprises a shell 101, an upper cover plate 102 and a lower cover plate 103; the inside region of shell 11 is evaporation chamber 104, adsorption bed fixed plate 8 is fixed in the upper and lower both ends of shell 101 respectively, upper cover plate 102, lower apron 103 are detained respectively and are located the upper and lower both ends of shell 101 to accompany the gasket between the adsorption bed fixed plate 8 who corresponds, realize sealedly through bolted connection. The lower cover plate 103 is provided with an air inlet 105, the upper cover plate 102 is provided with an air outlet 106, and the shell 101 is provided with a liquid carbon dioxide inlet 107, a gas carbon dioxide outlet 109 and a backflow carbon dioxide inlet 108; the electromagnetic valve 204 in the pressure control subsystem is installed on the pipeline of the liquid carbon dioxide inlet 107, the liquid carbon dioxide inlet 107 is communicated with the spray header 4, the return carbon dioxide inlet 108 is communicated with the flow dividing main pipe 301, and the gas carbon dioxide outlet 109 is located at the bottom of the shell 101. The upper cover plate 102 and the lower cover plate 103 are both arc-shaped. The radius of the sphere of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate is 2000 mm.
The device also comprises a liquid carbon dioxide pump 9, the bottom end of the shell 101 is provided with a liquid carbon dioxide return port, the liquid carbon dioxide return port is communicated with the liquid carbon dioxide inlet 107 through a liquid carbon dioxide return pipeline 901, and the liquid carbon dioxide pump 9 is arranged on the liquid carbon dioxide return pipeline 901. Through this setting, the liquid carbon dioxide that does not evaporate is recycled, and when resources are saved, cleanness in the adsorption tower can also be guaranteed.
In this embodiment: the process of the gas to be purified comprises the following steps: the gas to be adsorbed and purified enters the adsorption tower from the gas inlet 105, is guided and dispersed by the adsorption bed fixing plate 8 to enter each adsorption bed 7 for adsorption and purification, and the gas after adsorption leaves the adsorption beds 7, is gathered above the adsorption tower and finally leaves the adsorption tower from the gas outlet 106. The flow of carbon dioxide is as follows: liquid carbon dioxide enters the shower header 4 through a liquid carbon dioxide inlet 107, the flow rate of which is controlled by the pressure control subsystem 2. Liquid carbon dioxide flows in through the spraying main pipe 4, one part of the liquid carbon dioxide directly enters the spraying pipe 6, the other part of the liquid carbon dioxide is dispersed into the spraying branch pipes 5 and then enters the spraying pipe 6, all the liquid carbon dioxide is uniformly sprayed to the outer surface of the adsorption bed 7 from the spraying holes 601 on the pipe wall of the spraying pipe 6, and the heat emitted in the adsorption process in the adsorption bed 7 is absorbed in the evaporation process, so that the heat exchange is realized, and the temperature of the adsorption bed 7 is reduced. The gaseous carbon dioxide in the evaporation chamber 104 is partly evaporated from the liquid carbon dioxide on the outer surface of the adsorbent bed 7, and partly derived from the returned carbon dioxide gas. The returned carbon dioxide gas enters the returned carbon dioxide gas diversion device 3 from the returned carbon dioxide inlet 108, and then is dispersed into the evaporation cavity 104 from the diversion holes 303 on the diversion main pipe 301 and the diversion branch pipe 302, so that the flow of gaseous carbon dioxide in the evaporation cavity 104 is promoted, and the heat transfer is promoted. All gaseous carbon dioxide finally leaves the pressure swing adsorption bed from the gaseous carbon dioxide outlet 109, and liquid carbon dioxide droplets which are not evaporated fall to the bottom of the evaporation cavity 104, and are pumped by the liquid carbon dioxide pump 9 to the liquid carbon dioxide inlet 107 for recycling.
The invention adopts liquid carbon dioxide to refrigerate the pressure swing adsorption bed, has wide raw material source, controllable temperature of the adsorbent, greatly improved adsorption efficiency and purity of the finally obtained product gas, and greatly prolonged service life of the adsorbent. Taking a refinery tail gas as an example, when the waste gas to be treated is about 28000Nm3During the reaction, the hydrogen in the tail gas is purified and separated by directly using a traditional pressure swing adsorption tower, and the product hydrogen can be recovered to about 6385Nm even if the tail gas is treated in advance3The temperature of the adsorption bed in the process averagely rises to about 18 ℃, the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent to impurity gas is greatly reduced, and the purity of the product hydrogen can only reach 95.61% at most. When the device is used for recovering and purifying hydrogen, the product hydrogen can be recovered to obtain about 8848Nm3H (97.32% hydrogen recovery) consuming about 50m of liquid carbon dioxide3And h, the consumed electric energy is about 38kW, the temperature of the adsorption bed is almost kept stable in the process, the adsorption performance of the adsorbent on impurity gas is kept at a higher level, and the purity of the product hydrogen can reach 98.84% at most. By adopting the invention, the recovery amount of hydrogen is increased by about 2463Nm3The power consumption is about 38kW, the annual operation time is 7000h, and the annual hydrogen recovery is about 1724.1 ten thousand Nm3The annual consumption of electric energy is about 26.6 ten thousand kW.h. The liquid carbon dioxide can be recycled, the loss is less, the liquid carbon dioxide is replaced for 6 times per year, and the annual consumption of the liquid carbon dioxide is about 300m3. At 1.75 yuan/Nm3Hydrogen gas, 2 yuan/kW.h electric energy, 3m3The cost of liquid carbon dioxide per hour is calculated, and the economic benefit is about 2963.885 ten thousand yuan per year. The device adopts liquid carbon dioxide evaporation to directly cool the adsorption bed, so that the temperature rise range of the adsorbent caused by heat release in the adsorption process is greatly reduced, the larger adsorption capacity of the adsorbent is kept, and the adsorption efficiency is improved.
The above-mentioned embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any other modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a liquid carbon dioxide fountain vary voltage accuse temperature adsorption tower which characterized in that: comprises a tower body, a pressure control subsystem, a spraying subsystem and an adsorption subsystem; the inside of the tower body is provided with an evaporation cavity, and the adsorption subsystem comprises an adsorption bed and an adsorption bed fixing plate; the adsorption bed fixing plates are fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the evaporation cavity, the adsorption beds are distributed in the evaporation cavity at equal intervals in the vertical direction in parallel, and the upper end and the lower end of each adsorption bed are connected with the adsorption bed fixing plates; the spraying subsystem comprises a spraying main pipe, spraying branch pipes and spraying pipes; the spraying main pipe is annular, the spraying main pipe is fixed in the evaporation cavity and is positioned below the upper adsorption bed fixing plate, the spraying branch pipes are distributed in an annular area of the spraying main pipe in parallel at equal intervals, two ends of the spraying main pipe are communicated with the spraying main pipe, the intervals among the spraying branch pipes correspond to the thicknesses of the adsorption beds one by one, the spraying pipes are arranged in the vertical direction, one ends of the spraying pipes are communicated with the spraying main pipe or the spraying branch pipes, the other ends of the spraying pipes are closed, a pipe body of each spraying pipe is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed spraying holes facing the adsorption beds, and the spraying main pipe and the evaporation cavity are both connected with the pressure control subsystem;
the spraying subsystem further comprises a backflow carbon dioxide gas shunting device, and the backflow carbon dioxide gas shunting device comprises shunting branch pipes and an annular shunting main pipe; the reposition of redundant personnel is responsible for and is fixed in the evaporation chamber to be located between top adsorbent bed fixed plate and the spray header, the equidistant parallel distribution of reposition of redundant personnel branch pipe is in the annular region that the reposition of redundant personnel was responsible for, and both ends all are responsible for the intercommunication with the reposition of redundant personnel, interval between the reposition of redundant personnel branch pipe and adsorbent bed's thickness one-to-one, the reposition of redundant personnel is responsible for and all opens a plurality of shunting hole with the reposition of redundant personnel branch pipe.
2. The liquid carbon dioxide spray-type pressure-variable and temperature-controlled adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pressure control subsystem comprises a pressure sensor, a pressure sensing transmitter, a pressure controller and an electromagnetic valve which are connected in sequence; the electromagnetic valve is installed at the inlet of the spraying main pipe, and the pressure sensor is installed in the evaporation cavity.
3. The liquid carbon dioxide spray-type pressure-variable and temperature-controlled adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pipe body of the spray pipe is opposite to the side of the adsorption bed and is uniformly provided with spray holes within 120 degrees, and the diameter of each spray hole is 1-5 mm.
4. The liquid carbon dioxide spray-type pressure-variable and temperature-controlled adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the spraying branch pipe is slightly smaller than that of the spraying main pipe, and the difference between the diameter of the spraying main pipe and the diameter of the spraying pipe is 20-60 mm.
5. The liquid carbon dioxide spray-type pressure-variable and temperature-controlled adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adsorption bed fixed plate is upper and lower two, the adsorption bed fixed plate is opened has the installation window with the adsorption bed one-to-one, accompany the gasket between adsorption bed fixed plate and the adsorption bed to realize sealed through bolted connection.
6. The liquid carbon dioxide spray-type pressure-variable and temperature-controlled adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the adsorption beds is 11-19, the thickness of the adsorption beds is 100-200 mm, and the distance between the adsorption beds is 100-150 mm.
7. The liquid carbon dioxide spray-type pressure-variable and temperature-controlled adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tower body comprises a shell, an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate; the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are respectively buckled at the upper end and the lower end of the shell, the inner area of the shell is an evaporation cavity, the adsorption bed fixing plates are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the shell and are connected with the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, the lower cover plate is provided with an air inlet, the upper cover plate is provided with an air outlet, and the shell is provided with a liquid carbon dioxide inlet, a gas carbon dioxide outlet and a backflow carbon dioxide inlet; the liquid carbon dioxide inlet is communicated with the spraying main pipe, the other end of the liquid carbon dioxide inlet is arranged outside the tower and is connected with the pressure control subsystem, the backflow carbon dioxide inlet is communicated with the shunting main pipe, and the gas carbon dioxide outlet is positioned at the bottom of the shell.
8. The liquid carbon dioxide spray-type pressure-variable and temperature-controlled adsorption tower according to claim 7, characterized in that: still include liquid carbon dioxide pump, open the bottom of shell has liquid carbon dioxide backward flow mouth, liquid carbon dioxide backward flow mouth passes through liquid carbon dioxide backflow pipeline and liquid carbon dioxide entry intercommunication, liquid carbon dioxide pump is installed on liquid carbon dioxide backflow pipeline.
9. The liquid carbon dioxide spray-type pressure-variable and temperature-controlled adsorption tower according to claim 7, characterized in that: the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are both arc-shaped.
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