CN112515818A - 椎间植入件和用于它的插入装置 - Google Patents

椎间植入件和用于它的插入装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112515818A
CN112515818A CN202010961623.0A CN202010961623A CN112515818A CN 112515818 A CN112515818 A CN 112515818A CN 202010961623 A CN202010961623 A CN 202010961623A CN 112515818 A CN112515818 A CN 112515818A
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Prior art keywords
intervertebral implant
insertion device
abutment surface
implant
intervertebral
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Pending
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CN202010961623.0A
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English (en)
Inventor
T·比德尔曼
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Biedermann Technologies GmbH and Co KG
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Biedermann Technologies GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of CN112515818A publication Critical patent/CN112515818A/zh
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    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/46Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2/4603Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
    • A61F2002/4625Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof with relative movement between parts of the instrument during use
    • A61F2002/4627Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof with relative movement between parts of the instrument during use with linear motion along or rotating motion about the instrument axis or the implantation direction, e.g. telescopic, along a guiding rod, screwing inside the instrument
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/46Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2/4603Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
    • A61F2002/4625Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof with relative movement between parts of the instrument during use
    • A61F2002/4628Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof with relative movement between parts of the instrument during use with linear motion along or rotating motion about an axis transverse to the instrument axis or to the implantation direction, e.g. clamping
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/46Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2002/4687Mechanical guides for implantation instruments

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种椎间植入件,包括:本体,其设置成插入椎间空间中;及中空空间(10),其设置在本体中,并设置成在其中容纳插入装置(100)的驱动杆(110)的接合部分(111),可通过侧壁(2)中的开口(11)从本体外部进入,开口为细长,以当接合部分处于中空空间内时允许椎间植入件和插入装置绕旋转轴线(R)相对彼此至少从第一角度位置枢转至第二角度位置,椎间植入件还包括至少第一抵靠表面(21)和第二抵靠表面(22),它们各自设置成与形成在插入装置处的抵靠表面(123)接合,以当插入装置在第一或第二角度位置中紧密抵靠椎骨植入件时在椎间植入件和插入装置之间提供形锁合连接。本申请还公开了一种系统,其包括椎间植入件和插入装置。

Description

椎间植入件和用于它的插入装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种椎间植入件和用于该椎间植入件的插入装置。该椎间植入件和插入装置可以用于例如在椎间盘受损情况下的脊柱融合。
背景技术
腰椎或胸椎的椎间融合手术是一种最常进行的仪器化脊柱融合手术。其中,已知用于腰椎的椎间融合的外科手术方法包括后路腰椎椎间融合术(PLIF)、经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合术(TLIF)、前路腰椎椎间融合术(ALIF)、前-侧向ALIF和侧向椎间融合。
在US2017/0056194A1中介绍了椎间植入件和用于插入该椎间植入件的装置,该椎间植入件和装置例如适用于TLIF。椎间植入件包括顶表面、底表面、在顶表面和底表面之间延伸的侧壁以及形成在椎间植入件内的中空空间,该中空空间可通过细长开口进入,该细长开口延伸穿过侧壁的凹入部分。中空空间成形为接收插入工具的驱动杆的接合部分。椎间植入件包括至少两个彼此面对的引导表面,该引导表面设置成由插入工具的套筒的、可运动地保持驱动杆的部分来滑动接合。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种改进或可选的椎间植入件以及用于该椎间植入件的插入装置,它们有扩大的应用领域。
该目的通过根据本申请的椎间植入件以及通过根据本申请的、包括这种椎间植入件和插入装置的系统来解决。本申请还给出了进一步的发展形式。
本申请提供了一种椎间植入件,包括:本体,所述本体设置成插入椎间空间中;中空空间,所述中空空间设置在本体中,并设置成在其中容纳插入装置的驱动杆的接合部分,中空空间可通过开口而从本体外部进入,其中,所述开口为细长的,以便当接合部分处于中空空间内时允许椎间植入件和插入装置绕旋转轴线相对彼此至少从第一角度位置枢转至第二角度位置,椎间植入件至少还包括第一抵靠表面和第二抵靠表面,所述第一抵靠表面和第二抵靠表面各自设置成与形成在插入装置处的抵靠表面接合,以便当插入装置在第一角度位置中或在第二角度位置中紧密抵靠椎骨植入件时在所述椎间植入件和插入装置之间提供形锁合连接。
本申请提供了一种系统,所述系统包括前述的椎间植入件以及插入装置,所述插入装置包括:传动轴,所述传动轴在其端部处设置有接合部分;引导套筒,所述引导套筒可运动地保持和引导传动轴,并优选是在套筒的自由端处包括相应的抵靠表面和可选的引导表面;以及其中优选是,接合部分能够在中空空间内采取第一构造和第二构造,在所述第一构造中,接合部分能够枢转,在所述第二构造中,接合部分紧密抵靠椎间植入件。
椎间植入件设计成允许插入装置相对于椎间植入件枢转以及通过形锁合连接而使得椎间植入件相对于插入装置锁定在至少两个枢转位置。与基于摩擦的力锁合连接相比,这种形锁合连接更坚固。这提高了在椎间植入件的插入过程中的安全性,在该插入过程中通常需要较大力。
而且,能够将椎间植入件插入由与插入装置的形锁合连接所确定的固定位置,且在需要时能够在释放形锁合连接之后调整植入件的位置和使得植入件相对于插入装置枢转,同时植入件仍与该插入装置安全连接。通过这样的处理过程,能够校正植入件的位置。
根据还一方面,椎间植入件可以包括超过两个不同表面,以便确定用于在椎间植入件和插入装置之间的形锁合连接的不同枢转角度。因此,通过单个椎间植入件,可能有通向椎间空间的不同进入通路,并能够实施不同的手术技术。因此,椎间植入件的应用领域能够进一步扩大。
根据还一方面,椎间植入件可以包括至少一个引导表面,用于椎间植入件和插入装置沿引导表面相对彼此枢转以及使得植入件和插入装置在沿配合引导表面的特殊位置处相对彼此摩擦夹持。
根据还一方面,椎间植入件还可以包括接收部分,用于在植入件上的其它位置处以不可枢转的方式接收插入装置。
根据还一方面,椎间植入件能够是样品植入件或测试植入件,该样品植入件或测试植入件用于在将椎间植入件插入以便永久留在患者体内之前用于试验程序。
因此,椎间植入件能够用于例如各种外科手术过程,例如TLIF、ALIF、前-侧向ALIF、PLIF和侧向椎体融合,但不限于使用一个相同椎间植入件和插入装置。由于植入件与插入装置连接的可能性增加,因此植入件可以在困难解剖情况下特别有用,例如在前侧和侧向接近脊柱时。
附图说明
通过借助于附图对实施例的详细说明,将清楚其它特征和优点。附图中:
图1表示了根据第一实施例的椎间植入件的系统的透视图,其中,插入装置与该椎间植入件连接。
图2表示了图1的椎间植入件从一侧看的透视图,该椎间植入件有用于与插入装置连接的细长开口。
图3表示了图1和2的椎间植入件从另一侧看的透视图,该椎间植入件有用于附接插入装置的还一开口。
图4表示了图1的插入装置的驱动杆的前部部分的透视图。
图5表示了图4的驱动杆的前部部分的侧视图。
图6表示了图5的驱动杆的前部部分旋转90°的侧视图。
图7表示了图1的插入装置的引导套筒的前部部分的透视图。
图8表示了图7的套筒的前部部分的侧视图。
图9表示了图8的套筒的前部部分旋转90°的侧视图。
图10a至图10c表示了图4至6的插入装置的驱动杆的前部部分与图1至3的椎间植入件连接的步骤的透视图。
图11a至11d表示了插入装置的前部部分与椎间植入件连接的步骤的剖视图,其中,剖面沿在椎间植入件的侧壁高度的一半处穿过椎间植入件延伸和穿过插入装置的纵向轴线延伸的平面。
图12表示了在椎间植入件和插入装置之间的形锁合接合的透视图,其中,插入装置与椎间植入件的纵向轴线形成基本45°的角度。
图13表示了在椎间植入件和插入装置之间的形锁合连接的透视图,其中,插入装置与椎间植入件的纵向轴线形成基本90°的角度。
图14表示了在椎间植入件和插入装置之间的形锁合连接的透视图,其中,插入装置与椎间植入件的纵向轴线形成基本0°的角度。
图15表示了在椎间植入件和插入装置之间的连接的透视图,其中,插入装置相对于椎间植入件处于能够旋转和通过摩擦来夹持椎间植入件的位置。
图16表示在椎间植入件和插入装置之间的连接的剖视图,该连接形成如图13中所示的基本90°的角度。
图17表示了在椎间植入件和插入装置之间的连接的剖视图,该连接形成如图14中所示的基本0°的角度。
图18表示了在椎间植入件和插入装置之间的连接的剖视图,该连接能够采取各种中间位置以及能够将植入件和插入装置摩擦夹持在该中间位置,如图15中所示。
图19表示了椎间植入件与插入装置的透视图,其中,该插入装置与还一接收部分连接。
图20表示了图19的椎间植入件与插入装置的剖视图。
图21表示了椎间植入件与插入装置的透视图,其中,该插入装置与还一接收部分连接。
图22表示了图21的椎间植入件与插入装置的剖视图。
图23表示了椎间植入件的还一变化实施例的透视图,该椎间植入件形成为ALIF椎间植入件。
图24表示了图23的椎间植入件与插入装置的透视图,该插入装置附接在椎间植入件上。
图25表示了图24的椎间植入件和插入装置从顶部看的透视图。
具体实施方式
图1表示了椎间植入件和插入装置100的透视图,该插入装置100用于将椎间植入件1插入椎间空间中。椎间植入件1包括本体,该本体包括基本竖直侧壁2,该侧壁2确定了椎间植入件1的高度延伸部分。侧壁2与内部实体部分3整体形成,并包围一个或多个内部中空空间4。该中空空间4朝向椎间植入件1的上部面5a和下部面5b开口。
更详细地说,侧壁2由整体形成的前壁2a、相对的后壁2b、右侧壁2c和左侧壁2d来构成,从而右侧壁和左侧壁使得前壁2a和后壁2b彼此连接。前壁2a表示椎间植入件1的前部壁,后壁2b表示椎间植入件1的后部壁。前壁2a和后壁2b可以比右侧壁2c和左侧壁2d更长,以使得椎间植入件有细长的外轮廓。在该实施例中,前壁2a和后壁2b基本彼此平行,并确定了椎间植入件的纵向中心轴线L1(在图11a中表示)。可选地,内壁6a、6b可以以弧形方式从前壁2a延伸至后壁2b。两个内壁6a、6b可以相对于矢状面S(在图11a中表示)对称,该中切面S沿高度方向延伸穿过前壁2a和后壁2b的中心。实体部分3从前壁2a延伸到离后壁2b一定距离。它从前壁2a朝向后壁2b的长度为这样,使得成凹口形式的接收部分(如后面所述)能够在实体部分3中形成足够深度,用于与插入装置100接合。侧壁2可以有这样的高度,使得顶表面5a和底表面5b延伸至实体部分3上面。
中空空间4设置成填充有骨移植材料。而且,接合部分例如齿7可以设置在椎间植入件的上部面5a和下部面5b上,该接合部分可以方便刺入相邻椎骨本体的端板中。前壁2a和后壁2b可以有不同高度,以使得顶部面5a和底部面5b形成角度,从而导致椎间植入件1为楔形。
特别如图2中详细所示,在前壁2a到右侧壁2c的过渡处设置有凹口10,该凹口10形成在侧壁2中的细长开口11。凹口10确定了在椎间植入件1内的中空空间,用于接收插入装置的一部分。它延伸至实体部分3中,并在其中形成具有基本90°角的角部。因此,凹口10的左端壁和右端壁形成基本90°的角度。凹口10和(因此)开口11可以沿椎间植入件1的高度方向设置在侧壁2的中部。
凹口10沿椎间植入件1的高度方向的宽度为这样,使得插入装置的接合部分能够沿一个方位引入,但是不能沿倾斜方位引入。凹口10的顶壁和底壁可以是平面的,并且可以基本彼此平行和基本垂直于侧壁2地延伸。开口11从前壁2a沿周向方向在前壁2a和右侧壁2c之间的角部上面延伸到右侧壁2C中。因此,细长开口11和凹口10具有这样的尺寸,使得插入装置的驱动杆能够与椎间植入件1的中心纵向轴线LI成0°角和90°角。
球形凹口12形成在凹口10的内侧角部中,该球形凹口12设置成可枢转地接收插入装置100的接合部分。球形凹口12的半径与驱动杆的接合部分的外表面的半径匹配。球形凹口12具有延伸部分,该延伸部分使得插入装置的接合部分能够在其中枢转大约90°或更大的角度范围。穿过球形凹口12的中心且平行于侧壁2延伸的轴线R形成用于旋转相对运动的旋转轴线R,更具体地说,用于在椎间植入件1和插入装置100之间的相对枢转的枢转轴线。
侧壁2在细长开口11的区域中有外表面,该外表面的形状设置成提供用于插入装置的抵靠表面,以便实现形锁合接合和/或提供用于插入装置的枢转的引导表面。如在图11a中更详细所示,由于抵靠表面的存在,侧壁2在凹口10区域中以基本多边形轮廓而向外凸出。
特别参考图2、3和11a,第一抵靠表面21设置在延伸至右侧壁2c中的细长开口11的侧边缘的周围。该第一抵靠表面21是基本平面形,并设置成在插入装置的中心纵向轴线L(见图4至8)和椎间植入件的中心纵向轴线L1之间成0°方位的情况下提供与插入装置的形锁合接合。第二抵靠表面22设置在延伸至前壁2a中的细长开口11的相对侧边缘的周围。第二抵靠表面22是基本平面形,并设置成在插入装置的中心纵向轴线L和椎间植入件1的中心纵向轴线L1成90°方位的情况下提供与插入装置的形锁合接合。第三抵靠表面23基本环绕开口11的中心延伸,并与第一抵靠表面21和第二抵靠表面22形成45°的角度。因此,第三抵靠表面23设置成在插入装置的中心纵向轴线L和椎间植入件1的中心纵向轴线LI之间成45°方位的情况下提供与插入装置的形锁合接合。
侧壁2还包括第一引导表面24,该第一引导表面24设置在第一抵靠表面21和第三抵靠表面23之间,并且是圆柱形,具有与旋转轴线R同轴的圆柱形轴线。第二引导表面25设置在第二抵靠表面22和第三抵靠表面23之间,该第二引导表面也是圆柱形,具有与旋转轴线R同轴的圆柱形轴线。第一和第二引导表面24、25允许当插入装置与椎间植入件1连接和稍微摩擦夹持时,在椎间植入件1和插入装置100之间的引导旋转运动,特别是枢转。
可选地,椎间植入件1还包括接收部分,例如在侧壁2中的凹口,用于与插入装置100连接,以便能够在各种外科手术方法中通过插入装置来布置椎间植入件。在所示实施例中,椎间植入件包括在前壁2a的基本中心处的附加凹口30和在左侧壁2b处的附加凹口30'。
凹口30、30'各自有总体内部截面,该总体内部截面对应于具有切除相对侧部的圆,以便设置具有平坦上边缘和下边缘的细长开口31,该上边缘和下边缘平行于侧壁2的上边缘和下边缘。凹口30、30'的尺寸使得驱动杆的接合部分只能沿一个方位插入,而不能沿倾斜方位插入。如例如图11a至11c中更详细所示,各凹口30、30'包括内部球形凹口32,该内部球形凹口32的半径与驱动杆的接合部分的半径匹配,以使得接合部分能够在内部旋转,以便呈现90°倾斜方位。
下面将参考图1至8介绍插入装置100。该插入装置100包括:驱动杆110;引导套筒120,该引导套筒120在其中接收驱动杆110;手柄130和旋转驱动按钮135;以及轴向位置调节装置140。驱动杆110在引导套筒120内可运动地引导,并可以通过驱动杆向位置调节装置140而相对于引导套筒120前进或后退。而且,驱动杆110可以通过驱动旋转驱动按钮135而旋转。应当注意,可以以各种方式来实现驱动杆的轴向位移和驱动杆的旋转。
驱动杆110确定插入装置的纵向轴线L。它有前部部分,该前部部分在图4至6中更详细表示。前部部分包括具有局部球形形状的接合部分111,该接合部分111有球形表面112,该球形表面112有球段的形状。球形表面112可以通过除去球体的相对段而获得,以便产生相对的平表面113。因此,接合部分111有变平的形状,具有在平表面113之间的、沿椎间植入件1高度方向的厚度,该厚度稍微小于细长开口11的宽度和可选凹口30、30'的开口31的宽度。这能够沿使得平表面113垂直于侧壁2的高度方向延伸的方位而将接合部分111插入椎间植入件1的凹口10中和可选地插入凹口30、30'中。
在至少一个平表面113上(优选在两个平表面113上)设置有纵向延伸的定位标记114,该定位标记平行于插入装置的中心纵向轴线L延伸。
接合部分111通过颈部部分116而与主体部分115连接。颈部部分116的外径小于接合部分111的球形表面部分112的最大直径。主体部分115的直径可以大于颈部部分116的直径。接合部分111的球形段形状部分112具有这样的尺寸,一旦它插入凹口10中并与球形凹口12接合,或者可选地插入凹口30、30'中并与椎间植入件1的球形凹口32接合,它就能够倾斜90°,使得接合部分111能够在球形凹口12中或可选地在球形凹口32中枢转。
引导套筒120的前部部分在图7至9中更详细表示。当驱动杆110布置在引导套筒120中时,接合部分111从引导套筒120的前部部分凸出。两个相对的圆柱形凸起122形成引导套筒120的最外端。圆柱形凸起122的尺寸为这样,使得它们可以分别穿透至凹口10、30、30'中。管形引导套筒120的端面包括平面形表面123和凹形(更详细地说,圆柱形)表面124,该凹形表面布置在两个凸起122之间,且它的圆柱轴线垂直于中心纵向轴线L。因此,平面形表面123在各凸起122附近形成平面形表面部分,该平面形表面部分形成抵靠表面,用于在引导套筒120压靠侧壁2时在椎间植入件1的侧壁2处抵靠第一或第二或第三抵靠表面。圆柱形表面124形成引导表面,该引导表面设置成在椎间植入件的侧壁2处与第一或第二引导表面24、25配合,以便使得椎间植入件能够相对于插入装置进行引导旋转运动。因此,圆柱形引导表面124的半径对应于在椎间植入件1的侧壁上的圆柱形引导表面24、25的半径。
两个相对的定位扁平部分125可以设置在引导套筒120的、沿纵向方向靠近圆柱形凸起122的外壁处。定位扁平部分125指示圆柱形凸起122的位置,并可以用于在与椎间植入件连接的过程中正确地定向插入装置。而且,在引导套筒120的前部部分外侧的至少一个纵向延伸定位标记126可以设置为与定位扁平部分125偏移90°,并指示圆柱形引导表面124的位置,
当驱动杆110插入引导套筒120中,且接合部分111从引导套筒120的前部部分凸出时,驱动杆110可以通过驱动杆向位置调节装置140而向前推动和退后,凸起122的尺寸为这样,使得接合部分111只能在接合部分111的90°竖直位置中在凸起122之间退后。
椎间植入件1可以例如由钛或不锈钢或任何可生物相容金属或金属合金或塑料材料来制造。作为可生物相容合金,可以使用NiTi合金,例如镍钛诺。其它材料可以是镁或镁合金。使用的可生物相容塑料材料可以是例如聚醚醚酮(PEEK)或聚L-丙交酯酸(PLLA)。还有,插入装置可以由与椎间植入件相同的材料或由另一材料来制造。
下面将介绍椎间植入件1和插入装置的操作。首先将参考图10a至11d介绍使得插入装置100与椎间植入件1连接的步骤。如图10a和11a中所示,驱动杆110的接合部分111从引导套筒120的前部部分凸出。接合部分111相对于椎间植入件定向成这样,使得平表面113平行于细长开口11的上边缘和下边缘。借助于与引导套筒120上的定位标记126对齐的定位标记114,能够很容易地找到正确方位。还如图10b和11b中所示,接合部分111通过细长开口11插入凹口10中,直到球形表面部分112抵靠凹口10的角部。引导套筒120的圆柱形凸起122进入凹口10中,使得侧壁2能够抵靠引导套筒120的前部部分的抵靠表面123。在图10b和11b所示的插入位置中,椎间植入件的第三抵靠表面23与引导套筒120的抵靠表面123接触。因此,插入装置的纵向轴线L与椎间植入件1的中心纵向轴线LI形成45°角度。
然后,如图10c和11c中所示,驱动杆110在椎间植入件1的球形凹口12中旋转,更具体地说是倾斜,以使得平表面113垂直于插入装置的纵向轴线L延伸。在该方位中,接合部分的球形部分112能够在椎间植入件1的球形凹口12中枢转。通过驱动在手柄处的按钮135,可以实现90°的这种旋转。
最后,如图11d中的直箭头所示,驱动杆110向后拉动。因此它能够在圆柱形凸起122之间运动,该圆柱形凸起122能够进入凹口10中。当接合部分111在凹口10和球形凹口12中竖直定向时,即平表面113平行于旋转轴线延伸时,接合部分111不能通过开口11而从凹口10中取出。还有,当接合部分111竖直地定位在凹口30、30'中时,该接合部分不能通过开口31而取出。同时,当插入装置紧靠在椎骨植入件上时,椎骨植入件的抵靠表面23和引导套筒120的抵靠表面123彼此压靠。由于平坦抵靠表面,因此提供了形锁合连接,从而防止了椎间植入件相对于插入装置的旋转,更详细地说,防止了枢转。通过插入装置相对于椎间植入件的最终紧固,连接被锁定。
图12至19表示了插入装置能够相对于椎间植入件1采取的不同方位。在图12中,第三抵靠表面23与设置在引导套筒120上的平面形抵靠表面123配合。因此,插入装置和椎间植入件形成45°的角度。在图13和16中,椎间植入件通过第二抵靠表面22而抵靠在引导套筒120处的相应抵靠表面123上。因此,插入装置和椎间植入件形成90°的角度。在图14和17中,椎间植入件通过第一抵靠表面21而抵靠在引导套筒120处的相应抵靠表面123上。因此,插入装置和椎间植入件形成0°的角度。在图15和18中,椎间植入件通过它的圆柱形引导表面124而抵靠在插入装置处的圆柱形引导表面24上。当表面允许植入件相对于插入装置枢转时,存在摩擦接合,该摩擦接合允许采取插入装置相对于植入件的多种角度位置。各位置能够通过退回驱动杆110来固定,以使得接合表面彼此压靠。因此,连接通过摩擦夹持来固定。
图19和20表示了椎间植入件通过在前壁2a中的附加凹口30来接合。图21和22表示了椎间植入件通过在左侧壁2d中的附加凹口30'来接合。植入件和插入装置能够在单个位置中锁定在一起。
通常,在使用中,当接合部分111处于90°倾斜的竖直位置时,它可绕旋转轴线R自由地枢转,因此,插入装置相对于椎间植入件的多个角度位置能够进行调节。当驱动杆110在接合部分111处于竖直位置的情况下退回时,接合部分从内部压靠凹口10的壁,从而将插入装置和植入件拉在一起。因此,能够固定多种角度位置。通过抵靠表面,能够以形锁合的方式来固定预定的角度位置,例如0°、90°或45°,如示例实施例中所示。中间角度位置可以借助于引导表面和力锁合连接来实现。松开固定能够校正椎间植入件和插入装置的相对位置,而不会使得插入装置与植入件脱开。这对于侧向或前部进入椎间空间的方法可能特别有利。通过使接合部分111倾斜90°和使它通过开口11取出,插入装置能够与椎间植入件脱开。
通过上述步骤,能够实现通向椎间空间的多种进入通路。只是作为示例,在外科手术TLIF方法中,在患者的背部中心附近制造小切口。进入受损的椎间盘,取出椎间盘,且插入充满骨移植物的椎间植入件。然后,例如使用椎弓根螺钉和杆来稳定脊柱节段。上述椎间植入件和插入装置开启了接合椎间植入件和将它插入椎间空间中的多种可能性。一旦椎间植入件最终放置在椎间空间中,驱动杆将再次向前推动,倾斜90°,并从凹口10或凹口30、30'中取出。
下面参考图23至25,图中表示了椎间植入件的变化实施例。椎间植入件1000是ALIF椎间植入件,具有关于实体3’以及顶部面5a和底部面5b的稍微变化的内部结构。另外,设置了用于螺钉400的孔1001,该螺钉400设置成分别与相邻的上部和下部椎骨本体接合。椎骨植入件1000还包括具有细长开口11的凹口10,如在前面实施例中。凹口10可以设置在侧壁2的另一侧。在前壁2a中部的附加凹口300形成用于插入装置的接收部分。凹口300与前面实施例的凹口30相比旋转了90°。更详细地说,附加凹口300以相对的长边沿侧壁2的高度方向延伸。因此,能够减小凹口300沿侧向方向的所需空间。这能够在后壁2b上的附加凹口300的左侧和右侧设置用于螺钉400的附加孔1001。
在不脱离如附加权利要求确定的本发明范围的情况下,可以对植入件和/或插入装置进行多种变化。
例如,上述实施例中所示的椎间植入件只是示例。椎间植入件的轮廓和形状可以根据特殊的临床要求而不同。例如,轮廓可以有任何其它形状,例如圆形、矩形、椭圆形、肾形等。在一些实施例中,侧壁的高度可以在整个植入件中恒定。椎间植入件也可以成三维网络或网格结构的形式,它能够例如通过3D打印技术来制造。在还一变化实施例中,椎间植入件可以是用于试验程序的样品植入件或测试植入件。
用于在植入件和插入装置之间产生形锁合连接的抵靠表面的数量和/或方位和/或顺序以及引导表面的数量和位置并不局限于实施例中所示。可以提供多种其它的抵靠表面,用于允许椎间植入件和插入装置以多种其它角度来连接。引导表面也可以省略。
细长开口能够处于另一位置。还有,细长开口可以竖直或以倾斜姿势来延伸。可以设置多于一个具有凹口的细长开口,用于植入件相对于插入装置枢转。还有,用于接收插入装置的附加凹口的数量可以比所述实施例中所示更多或更少。

Claims (15)

1.一种椎间植入件,包括:
本体,所述本体设置成插入椎间空间中;
中空空间(10),所述中空空间(10)设置在本体中,并设置成在其中容纳插入装置(100)的驱动杆(110)的接合部分(111),中空空间可通过开口(11)而从本体外部进入,
其中,所述开口(11)为细长的,以便当接合部分(111)处于中空空间(10)内时允许椎间植入件和插入装置绕旋转轴线(R)相对彼此至少从第一角度位置枢转至第二角度位置,
椎间植入件至少还包括第一抵靠表面(21)和第二抵靠表面(22),所述第一抵靠表面(21)和第二抵靠表面(22)各自设置成与形成在插入装置(100)处的抵靠表面(123)接合,以便当插入装置(100)在第一角度位置中或在第二角度位置中紧密抵靠椎骨植入件时在所述椎间植入件(1、1000)和插入装置(100)之间提供形锁合连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的椎间植入件,其中:中空空间(10)包括球形部分(11),接合部分具有球形部分(112),所述接合部分的球形部分(112)的球形半径与中空空间(10)的球形部分(12)的球形半径匹配。
3.根据权利要求2所述的椎间植入件,其中:旋转轴线(R)由延伸穿过中空空间(10)的球形部分(12)的中心点并与由细长开口(11)的边缘确定的平面大致平行的轴线来确定。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任意一项所述的椎间植入件,其中:本体包括实体部分(3),中空空间(10)由本体的实体部分(3)中的凹口来形成。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的椎间植入件,其中:在椎间植入件(1、1000)处的第一抵靠表面(21)和第二抵靠表面(22)包括平面形表面,且优选是,在插入装置(100)处的相应抵靠表面(123)包括平面形平面。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的椎间植入件,其中:第一抵靠表面(21)设置在本体的外表面处,优选是设置在靠近细长开口(11)的区域中。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任意一项所述的椎间植入件,其中:第二抵靠表面(22)设置在本体的外表面处,优选是设置在靠近细长开口(11)的区域中。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任意一项所述的椎间植入件,其中:第一抵靠表面(21)和第二抵靠表面(22)分别设置在与第一角度位置和第二角度位置相对应的位置处,优选是第一角度位置和第二角度位置相对彼此旋转大约90°。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任意一项所述的椎间植入件,还包括:至少第三抵靠表面(23),所述第三抵靠表面(23)优选是形成在本体的外部且靠近细长开口(11),所述第三抵靠表面(23)设置成当插入装置(100)紧密抵靠椎间植入件时与在插入装置处的相应抵靠表面(123)接合,以便在椎间植入件(1、1000)和插入装置(100)之间提供形锁合连接。
10.根据权利要求9所述的椎间植入件,其中:第三抵靠表面(23)位于第一抵靠表面(21)和第二抵靠表面(22)之间,并优选是对应于在0°和90°之间的中间角度位置。
11.根据权利要求1至10中任意一项所述的椎间植入件,还包括:引导表面(24、25),所述引导表面(24、25)设置成与在插入装置(100)上的对应引导表面(124)配合,以便当椎骨植入件相对于插入装置运动时获得在角度范围内的多个角度位置,并用于当插入装置(100)紧密抵靠椎间植入件时在椎间植入件(1、000)和插入装置(100)之间的特殊角度位置处提供力锁合连接。
12.根据权利要求11所述的椎间植入件,其中:在椎间植入件处的引导表面(24、25)和在插入装置处的相应引导表面(124)是圆柱形的。
13.根据权利要求1至12中任意一项所述的椎间植入件,其中:本体包括两个相对的长边(2a、2b)和在所述长边之间的两个相对的短边(2c、2d),所述短边比长边短,细长开口(11)设置在一个长边(2b)到相邻短边(2c)的过渡处。
14.根据权利要求1至13中任意一项所述的椎间植入件,还包括:在与细长开口(11)不同的位置处的至少一个另外开口(30、30'),所述另外开口(30、30')设置成在椎间植入件(1、1000)相对于插入装置(100)的单个角度位置处容纳接合部分(111)。
15.一种系统,所述系统包括根据权利要求1至14中任意一项所述的椎间植入件以及插入装置,所述插入装置包括:
传动轴(110),所述传动轴(110)在其端部处设置有接合部分(111);
引导套筒(120),所述引导套筒(120)可运动地保持和引导传动轴(110),并优选是在套筒的自由端处包括相应的抵靠表面(123)和可选的引导表面(124);以及
其中优选是,接合部分(111)能够在中空空间(10)内采取第一构造和第二构造,在所述第一构造中,接合部分能够枢转,在所述第二构造中,接合部分紧密抵靠椎间植入件。
CN202010961623.0A 2019-09-18 2020-09-14 椎间植入件和用于它的插入装置 Pending CN112515818A (zh)

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