CN112509443A - Electronic standardized patient simulation system for physical examination training and examination - Google Patents
Electronic standardized patient simulation system for physical examination training and examination Download PDFInfo
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- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electronic standardized patient simulation system for physical examination training and examination, which comprises a human body model and an electronic system, wherein the human body model is provided with a plurality of operating points, observation points and auscultation or palpation areas, and the electronic system is respectively and electrically connected with the operating points, the observation points and the auscultation or palpation areas. The invention integrates a plurality of test items on a human body model, thereby being convenient for carrying and accommodating; the anthropomorphic degree is high, and the device is suitable for being used as a tool for training and examination; the model is electronized, so that the positive characteristics of the model can be converted, and the universality is stronger.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of models for medical teaching, in particular to an electronic standardized patient simulation system for physical examination training and examination.
Background
The qualified examination of the medical practitioner and the qualified examination of the medical assistant are examinations for evaluating whether the qualification of the applied doctor has professional knowledge and skills necessary for the medical practice, and the property of the qualified examination of the medical practitioner is a standard reference examination for industry admission. In the state, volunteers need to be recruited when a medical practitioner performs an examination, the volunteers are trained to simulate various Patients for examining props, and the volunteers become simulated Patients or Standard Patients (SP) after being trained. However, standardized patients need to be recruited, trained and simulated on site, and a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources are consumed, but the SP cannot simulate many positive signs, so that the clinical judgment capability and the practical operation capability of a doctor cannot be well assessed. With the development of economic science and technology, a plurality of simulated medical teaching products appear on the market, such as a fundus examination model, a chest and abdomen auscultation model, a percussion model, a palpation model, a breast examination model, an intravenous injection model, a puncture model and other series of models, which can replace SP patients to carry out real field operation and can simulate different positive signs, so that the patient characteristics of the examination field are irregular and can be followed, and the field operation judgment capability of doctors can be better examined. But the function that these models related to is single, often needs many models to participate in the examination during the examination, and these models do not embody whole people's characteristics, and the on-the-spot confusion is made in the modular examination, and area is big, and the examination is arranged and is accomodate after finishing and all cause the difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electronic standardized patient simulation system for physical examination training and examination, which integrates various test items on a human body model and is convenient to carry and store; the anthropomorphic degree is high, and the device is suitable for being used as a tool for training and examination; the model is electronized, so that the positive characteristics of the model can be converted, and the universality is stronger.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an electronic standardized patient simulation system for physical examination training and assessment comprises a human body model and an electronic system, wherein the human body model is provided with a plurality of operating points, observation points and auscultation or palpation areas, and the electronic system is electrically connected with the operating points, the observation points and the auscultation or palpation areas respectively;
the electronic system comprises a master controller, a first control module, a second control module, a third control module and a wireless communication module, wherein the first control module, the second control module, the third control module and the wireless communication module are all electrically connected with the master controller;
the first control module comprises a first microcontroller, and a double-arm artery driving detection circuit, a heart sound decoding power amplification circuit, a lung sound decoding power amplification circuit, an intestinal sound decoding power amplification circuit and a leg and foot artery driving detection circuit which are electrically connected with the first microcontroller;
the second control module comprises a second microcontroller, a light sensor, a constant temperature driving circuit, an eye liquid crystal sheet control circuit, a periumbilical liver-spleen tenderness circuit and a carotid artery driving and detecting circuit, wherein the light sensor, the constant temperature driving circuit, the eye liquid crystal sheet control circuit, the periumbilical liver-spleen tenderness circuit and the carotid artery driving and detecting circuit are electrically connected with the second microcontroller;
the third control module comprises a third microcontroller, a left electromagnetic valve, a right electromagnetic valve, an air pump driving circuit, a blood pressure simulation circuit, an air pressure sensor and a reflection point detection pressure switch circuit, wherein the left electromagnetic valve, the right electromagnetic valve, the air pump driving circuit and the reflection point detection pressure switch circuit are electrically connected with each other, and a breathing air bag is further connected between the left electromagnetic valve and the right electromagnetic valve and between the air pump driving circuits.
In one embodiment, the human body model comprises a head and neck part, wherein the head and neck part is provided with a simulation eye and a neck part, the eye liquid crystal sheet control circuit and the light sensor are electrically connected with the simulation eye, and the carotid artery driving and detecting circuit is arranged at the neck part.
In one embodiment, the human body model comprises a chest part, the breathing air bag is arranged in the chest part, the chest part is further provided with a lung sound and heart sound loudspeaker, a pressing operation point, a sternum puncture operation point and a pneumothorax puncture operation point, the lung sound and heart sound loudspeaker is electrically connected with the lung sound decoding and power amplifying circuit, and the pressing operation point, the sternum puncture operation point and the pneumothorax puncture operation point are electrically connected with the blood pressure simulation circuit.
In one embodiment, the human body model comprises an abdomen, wherein the abdomen is provided with an intestinal sounding loudspeaker, a blood vessel noise loudspeaker, a periumbilical tenderness operating point, a flatulence connecting pipeline and a simulated stomach bag, the intestinal sounding loudspeaker is electrically connected with an intestinal sound decoding power amplification circuit, the blood vessel noise loudspeaker is electrically connected with a heart sound decoding power amplification circuit, the periumbilical tenderness operating point is electrically connected with the periumbilical liver-spleen tenderness circuit, and the flatulence connecting pipeline is communicated with the simulated stomach bag.
In one embodiment, the human body model comprises a leg and a foot, wherein cyanosis of toe-nail bed, observation point of instep pulse, observation point of heel pulse, popliteal artery and reflection operation point are arranged on the leg and the foot, the leg-foot artery driving detection circuit is respectively and electrically connected with the cyanosis of toe-nail bed, the observation point of instep pulse, the observation point of heel pulse and the popliteal artery, and the reflection operation point is electrically connected with the reflection point detection pressure switch circuit.
In one embodiment, the human body model comprises an arm and a body, the heating component is arranged at an armpit formed between the arm and the body, the arm is connected with the double-arm artery driving detection circuit, and the air pressure sensor is arranged on the arm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the system is suitable for examination of a practitioner, physician training, actual practice and the like, does not need to train a volunteer SP, is not influenced by factors such as fields, environments and the like, and saves the cost.
2. Integrate multiple test item on a mannequin, be convenient for transport and accomodate, do not occupy too much indoor space, it is swift to prepare the place of taking an examination.
3. The degree of personification is high, the examination room is closer to a clinical scene, the model is electronized, diseases with uncertainty exist in the examination room, the clinical thinking ability of the examination room can be better exercised, the universality is higher, the diversification of examination questions is realized, the situations of cheating by leaking questions and the like are avoided, and the examination environment is fair.
4. All examination contents of physical examination examined by a medical practitioner are integrated, all physical examination parts can be examined on one model, examination stations are simplified, examination expenses of inspectors and the like are reduced, the number of models is reduced, consumables can be reduced, and time and expenses of subsequent maintenance can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block circuit diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a mannequin of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the chest configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the abdomen structure of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the leg and foot of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an electronic standardized patient simulation system for physical examination training and assessment is provided, which includes a human body model 200 and an electronic system 100, wherein the human body model 200 is provided with a plurality of operating points, observation points and auscultation or palpation areas, and the electronic system 100 is electrically connected to the operating points, the observation points and the auscultation or palpation areas, respectively. The electronic system 100 includes a general controller 110, a first control module 120, a second control module 130, a third control module 140, and a wireless communication module 150, where the first control module 120, the second control module 130, the third control module 140, and the wireless communication module 150 are all electrically connected to the general controller.
Specifically, the first control module 120 includes a first microcontroller 121, and a dual-arm artery driving detection circuit 122, a heart sound decoding power amplification circuit 123, a lung sound decoding power amplification circuit 124, an intestine sound decoding power amplification circuit 125, and a leg and foot artery driving detection circuit 126 electrically connected to the first microcontroller 121; the second control module 130 comprises a second microcontroller 131, and a light sensor 132, a constant temperature driving circuit 133, an eye liquid crystal panel control circuit 134, a periumbilical liver-spleen tenderness circuit 135 and a carotid artery driving and detecting circuit 136 which are electrically connected with the second microcontroller 131, wherein the constant temperature driving circuit 133 is also electrically connected with a heating component 137; the third control module 140 includes a third microcontroller 141, and a left and right electromagnetic valve 142, an air pump driving circuit 143, a blood pressure simulation circuit 144, an air pressure sensor 145 and a reflection point detection pressure switch circuit 146 electrically connected to the third microcontroller 141, and a breathing air bag 147 is further connected between the left and right electromagnetic valve 142 and the air pump driving circuit 143.
As shown in fig. 2, the human body model 200 comprises a head and neck portion 210, the head and neck portion 210 is provided with a simulated eye 211, a neck 212 and a simulated tongue 213, the eye liquid crystal sheet control circuit 134 and the light sensor 132 are electrically connected to the simulated eye 211, the carotid artery driving and detecting circuit 136 is arranged at the neck 212, and the simulated tongue 213 is electrically connected to the general controller 110. Wherein, the simulated tongue 213 and the neck 212 are made of silica gel, and the normal signs are simulated by utilizing the plasticity of the silica gel.
The simulated eye 211 adopts a liquid crystal screen design, the liquid crystal screen can display different pupil pictures, the pictures can be converted to change the size and the shape of the pupil, different fundus lesions are simulated, the canthus photosensitive element identifies illumination, and after the illumination is received, the different pupil sizes are converted to realize the pupil light reflex function. The user can perform an external eye examination (including eyelid, sclera, conjunctiva, eye movement, etc.) on the simulated eye 211, observe the size and shape of the pupil, and observe direct, indirect, and aggregate reflections of light by the simulated eye 211.
As shown in fig. 3, the human body model 200 includes a chest 220, the chest 220 is provided with ribs which are integrally formed by PVC, the shape and the mark of the ribs simulate the size of an adult, the rib skeleton mark is obvious, a support plate is arranged below the ribs, a support spring is arranged in the chest to support the rib support plate, the ribs are placed on the support plate, the breathing air bag 147 is arranged between the support plate and the ribs, and a soft silica gel outer skin covers the ribs. When the breathing air bag 147 is ventilated, the air bag jacks up the ribs to bulge upwards, the ribs fall back to the supporting plate when the air bag is deflated, so that the breathing movement is simulated, the breathing frequency and rhythm are simulated by controlling the inflation and deflation of the air bag, and the rising and falling of the ribs drive the chest skin covered on the air bag to move up and down to simulate the fluctuation of the chest when breathing.
The chest 220 is further provided with a lung sound and heart sound loudspeaker 221, a pressing operation point 222, a sternum puncture operation point 223 and a pneumothorax puncture operation point 224, the lung sound and heart sound loudspeaker 221 is respectively electrically connected with the lung sound decoding power amplification circuit 124 and the heart sound decoding power amplification circuit 123, and the pressing operation point 222, the sternum puncture operation point 223 and the pneumothorax puncture operation point 224 are electrically connected with the blood pressure simulation circuit 144.
The lung sound and heart sound loudspeaker 221 is arranged in the middle of the rib and corresponds to the skeletal sign of the rib, for example, the mitral valve and the tricuspid valve auscultation area of the heart sound auscultation area, the lung sound decoding and power amplifying circuit 124 is electrically connected with the lung sound and heart sound loudspeaker 221, and different normal or abnormal heart and lung sounds including but not limited to voice tremor, pleura fricative sounds and the like can be played on time as required. The master controller 110 can control and set the starting and stopping, frequency, breathing height and left and right single sides of the breathing movement; different heart sound selection, different lung sound selection, volume adjustment and the like.
The human body model 200 can also be used for breast examination through visual inspection or palpation, the external skin of the human body model 200 is divided into male and female skins, the female skin comprises a breast part, a foamed lining is adopted inside the breast, lumps with different case symptoms can be pre-embedded in the foamed lining, lump-shaped lumps such as breast cancer, fiber cancer and abscess are simulated, and the lesion can be judged through palpation outside the breast.
The chest part 220 is also provided with a simulated heart, which can be used for performing visual diagnosis, palpation, percussion and auscultation on the simulated heart, in particular, the visual diagnosis can be performed by observing the elevation and depression of the precordial region, the heart apex pulsation or the abnormal pulsation of the precordial region; palpation can be performed by palpating apical pulsation and abnormal precordial pulsation, tremor or pericardial friction; can be used for the percussion through the percussion of the heart boundary and the measurement of the distance between the middle line of the left clavicle and the anterior median line; auscultation may be performed by listening to heart rate, heart rhythm, heart sounds, heart sound changes, extra heart sounds, heart murmurs, or pericardial fricatives. Wherein, the observation of the vision, the listening, the tapping and the palpation of the heart outside the human body model 200 is set as normal physical signs, and various abnormal sounds of the auscultation can be converted by the heart sound decoding power amplification circuit 123 and output to the heart sound and lung sound loudspeaker.
As shown in fig. 4, the human body model 200 includes an abdomen 230, the abdomen 230 is provided with an bowel sound speaker 231, a blood vessel noise speaker 232, a periumbilical tenderness operating point 233, a flatus connecting pipeline 234 and a simulated stomach pouch (not shown), the bowel sound speaker 231 is electrically connected with the bowel sound decoding power amplifier circuit 125, the blood vessel noise speaker 232 is electrically connected with the heart sound decoding power amplifier circuit 123, the periumbilical tenderness operating point 233 is electrically connected with the periumbilical liver-spleen tenderness circuit 135, and the flatus connecting pipeline 234 is communicated with the simulated stomach pouch.
Wherein the abdomen 230 can perform a visual examination, palpation, percussion and auscultation. Specifically, the visual diagnosis can be performed by observing body surface marks and zones of the abdomen 230, the shape and circumference of the abdomen 230, respiratory movement, veins of the abdominal wall, gastrointestinal type, peristaltic waves and the like; the abdomen 230 sets up the navel sign, and the surrounding tenderness operating point 233 of navel sets up in navel sign department, still is equipped with the liver spleen tenderness point in the abdomen 230, and abdomen 230 package piece, percussion point (built-in liquid), and the tenderness point adopts switch or pressure sensor to detect, and when correct position detection was outside touch-press, total controller 110 controlled manikin 200 to send out the sound such as "heyo, ache" and cooperate the doctor to inspect. The electronic detection at a certain position can be turned on or off according to the requirement to convert positive and negative signs at the position, and in addition, palpation can be carried out by touching the abdominal wall tensity, abdominal 230 mass or liquid wave tremor and the like; at the percussion position, components made of different materials (such as liquid in a bottle, a wood board and the like) are embedded inside, different materials can generate different percussion sounds when the materials are knocked outside, and the components can be replaced manually; auscultation can be performed by listening to bowel sounds and vascular murmurs in the bowel sound speaker.
As shown in FIG. 5, the human body model 200 comprises a leg and foot part 240, wherein a toe-nail bed cyanosis 241, an instep pulse observation point 242, a heel pulse observation point 243, a popliteal artery 244 and a reflection operation point 245 are arranged on the leg and foot part 240, the leg-foot artery driving detection circuit 126 is respectively and electrically connected with the toe-nail bed cyanosis 241, the instep pulse observation point 242, the heel pulse observation point 243 and the popliteal artery 244, and the reflection operation point 245 is electrically connected with the reflection point detection pressure switch circuit 146.
In one embodiment, the human body model 200 comprises an arm 250, the heating component 137 is arranged at an armpit formed between the arm 250 and the chest 220, the arm 250 is connected with the two-arm artery driving detection circuit 122, and the air pressure sensor 145 is arranged on the arm 250. The human body model in this embodiment can measure the body temperature at the armpit, and specifically, heating element 137 includes the heating film, and the body temperature adopts polyimide heating film and electrical system to form constant temperature system, and the heating film is placed in the armpit, and accessible master controller 110 designs the constant temperature, and the clinical thermometer measurable quantity. The pulse can be measured by using the pulse meter disclosed in patent application No. ZL201920762711.0, and the general controller 110 controls the pulse frequency and the heart rate to be consistent. A built-in breathing air bag is adopted for breathing, and the master controller 110 is provided with a control circuit to drive the inflation assembly, so that the functions of controlling the frequency of simulated breathing, the breathing depth, whether the left and right fluctuation is consistent and the like are achieved. The arm 250 with the blood pressure measuring function is realized by adopting the technology with the patent number ZL 201920762703.6. A display device 160 may be externally connected to the main controller 110 for displaying feedback information such as nutritional status, consciousness status, facial appearance, body position, posture or gait.
The axilla is provided with a lymph node palpation area, the axilla lymph node palpation point is induced, and electronic induction is performed after lymph is touched or display feedback is realized on a screen.
In the above embodiment, the general controller 110 may be connected to the mobile control terminal 160 through the wireless communication module 150, and the mobile control terminal may control the operation of the general controller 110.
The electronic standardized patient simulation system for physical examination training and examination can be suitable for examination of a practitioner, physician training, actual practice and the like, does not need to train a volunteer SP, is not influenced by factors such as fields, environments and the like, and saves the cost; a plurality of test items are integrated on a human body model 200, so that the human body model is convenient to carry and store, does not occupy too much indoor space, and is quick to prepare an examination place; the anthropomorphic degree is high, the examinee is closer to a clinical scene, the model is electronized, the disease of uncertainty exists in the model, the clinical thinking ability of the examinee can be better exercised, the universality is stronger, the examination question diversification is realized, the situations of question leakage cheating and the like are avoided, and the examination environment is fair; all examination contents of physical examination examined by a medical practitioner are integrated, all physical examination parts can be examined on one model, examination stations are simplified, examination expenses of inspectors and the like are reduced, the number of models is reduced, consumables can be reduced, and time and expenses of subsequent maintenance can be reduced.
The foregoing examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration and description, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise forms disclosed herein and is not to be construed as limited to other examples, but may be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and is capable of changes within the scope of the inventive concept as expressed herein, except as may be related to the above teachings or as may be learned by the practice of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications and changes without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall into the protection scope of the appended claims. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention patent should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. An electronic standardized patient simulation system for physical examination training and examination is characterized by comprising a human body model and an electronic system, wherein the human body model is provided with a plurality of operating points, observation points and auscultation or palpation areas, and the electronic system is respectively and electrically connected with the operating points, the observation points and the auscultation or palpation areas;
the electronic system comprises a master controller, a first control module, a second control module, a third control module and a wireless communication module, wherein the first control module, the second control module, the third control module and the wireless communication module are all electrically connected with the master controller;
the first control module comprises a first microcontroller, and a double-arm artery driving detection circuit, a heart sound decoding power amplification circuit, a lung sound decoding power amplification circuit, an intestinal sound decoding power amplification circuit and a leg and foot artery driving detection circuit which are electrically connected with the first microcontroller;
the second control module comprises a second microcontroller, a light sensor, a constant temperature driving circuit, an eye liquid crystal sheet control circuit, a periumbilical liver-spleen tenderness circuit and a carotid artery driving and detecting circuit, wherein the light sensor, the constant temperature driving circuit, the eye liquid crystal sheet control circuit, the periumbilical liver-spleen tenderness circuit and the carotid artery driving and detecting circuit are electrically connected with the second microcontroller;
the third control module comprises a third microcontroller, a left electromagnetic valve, a right electromagnetic valve, an air pump driving circuit, a blood pressure simulation circuit, an air pressure sensor and a reflection point detection pressure switch circuit, wherein the left electromagnetic valve, the right electromagnetic valve, the air pump driving circuit, the blood pressure simulation circuit, the air pressure sensor and the reflection point detection pressure switch circuit are electrically connected with the third microcontroller, and a breathing air bag is further connected between the left electromagnetic valve and the right electromagnetic valve and between the.
2. The electronic standardized patient simulation system according to claim 1, wherein the mannequin comprises a head and neck part, the head and neck part is provided with a simulated eye, a neck part and a simulated tongue, the eye liquid crystal sheet control circuit and the light sensor are both electrically connected with the simulated eye, the carotid artery driving and detecting circuit is arranged at the neck part, and the simulated tongue is electrically connected with the master controller.
3. The electronic standardized patient simulation system according to claim 1, wherein the human body model comprises a chest part, the breathing air bag is arranged in the chest part, the chest part is further provided with a lung sound and heart sound loudspeaker, a pressing operation point, a sternum puncture operation point and a thoracocentesis operation point, the lung sound and heart sound loudspeaker are respectively and electrically connected with the lung sound decoding power amplification circuit and the heart sound decoding power amplification circuit, and the pressing operation point, the sternum puncture operation point and the thoracocentesis operation point are all electrically connected with the blood pressure simulation circuit.
4. The electronic standardized patient simulation system according to claim 1, wherein the human body model comprises an abdomen part, the abdomen part is provided with a bowel sound loudspeaker, a blood vessel noise loudspeaker, a periumbilical tenderness operating point, a flatus connecting pipeline and a simulated stomach bag, the bowel sound loudspeaker is electrically connected with a bowel sound decoding power amplifier circuit, the blood vessel noise loudspeaker is electrically connected with a heart sound decoding power amplifier circuit, the periumbilical tenderness operating point is electrically connected with the periumbilical hepatosplenic tenderness circuit, and the flatus connecting pipeline is communicated with the simulated stomach bag.
5. An electronic standardized patient simulation system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the mannequin includes a leg and foot part, the leg and foot part is provided with cyanosis of toe-nail bed, observation point of pulse of instep, observation point of pulse of heel, popliteal artery and reflection operation point, the leg and foot artery drive detection circuit is respectively electrically connected with cyanosis of toe-nail bed, observation point of pulse of instep, observation point of pulse of heel and popliteal artery, and the reflection operation point is electrically connected with the reflection point detection pressure switch circuit.
6. The electronic standardized patient simulation system of claim 1, wherein the manikin comprises an arm and a body, the heating element is disposed at an armpit formed between the arm and the body, the arm is connected to the two-arm artery drive detection circuit, and the air pressure sensor is disposed on the arm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011503129.6A CN112509443A (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Electronic standardized patient simulation system for physical examination training and examination |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113299386A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-08-24 | 北京大学第三医院（北京大学第三临床医学院） | Clinical thinking evaluation method and device |
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