CN112509133A - Three-dimensional reservoir high-definition live-action display method based on GIS - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional reservoir high-definition live-action display method based on a GIS, which comprises the following steps of firstly determining the type of a reservoir to be modeled and displayed, determining oblique photography and three-dimensional modeling parameters, and then generating three-dimensional reservoir high-definition models in batches: carrying out oblique photography on each actual reservoir by using an unmanned aerial vehicle, and constructing a plurality of three-dimensional reservoir high-definition models in an OSGB format by using automatic three-dimensional modeling software based on images acquired by oblique photography and determined reservoir types and parameters; converting the data format of the three-dimensional reservoir high-definition model in batches, wherein the converted model is an SLPK (slow batch processing) format data model; then uploading the data model in the SLPK format to a GIS platform, and issuing three-dimensional scene map service on the GIS platform; and finally, rapidly calling a three-dimensional reservoir scene map service by using a GIS platform to display a plurality of three-dimensional reservoir high-definition real scenes. The invention can visually and visually display reservoir engineering with multi-dimension and high definition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy informatization, in particular to a GIS-based three-dimensional reservoir high-definition live-action display method.
Background
The reservoir is a water conservancy project building for storing flood and regulating water flow, and is one of the most important engineering measures widely adopted for flood control and irrigation. In order to realize reservoir engineering informatization, reservoir information is usually required to be visually displayed.
The existing method is to utilize the unmanned aerial vehicle to take aerial photograph of the on-site image of the reservoir, the unmanned aerial vehicle takes the pilotless aircraft as the aerial platform, and the airborne remote sensing equipment, such as high-resolution CCD digital camera, light optical camera, infrared scanner, laser scanner, magnetic measuring instrument, etc. obtains the information, and the image information is processed by the computer and made into the image according to certain precision requirement. The mode is mainly based on images, is poor in interactivity and interactivity, and is not beneficial to the development of three-dimensional visualization, visualization and multi-dimensional high-definition display of reservoir engineering, so that a better way is to build a reservoir model to display reservoir scenes. However, in the current model display technology, for a conventional two-dimensional model, the two-dimensional spatial data visualization only performs simplified processing of planar projection on all the various geographic objects in the three-dimensional space, and spatial information on the vertical axis Z cannot be completely and intuitively represented, and the objective world cannot be fully reflected. For the three-dimensional simulation map, the building of the three-dimensional model is long in time consumption and low in precision, the building outline needs to be built first and then the mapping operation needs to be carried out, and the requirement of complete restoration is difficult to achieve under the condition that the building structure is complex.
Therefore, at present, the two technologies cannot meet the requirements of three-dimensional visualization, visualization and multi-dimensional high-definition display of reservoir engineering, so that a new technology capable of displaying the reservoir in a high-definition real scene is necessary to be researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a GIS-based three-dimensional reservoir high-definition live-action display method, which can visually, intuitively and multi-dimensionally display reservoir engineering in a high-definition manner.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.
It is a third object of the invention to provide a computing device.
The first purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a three-dimensional reservoir high-definition live-action display method based on GIS comprises the following steps:
s1, for a plurality of actual reservoirs needing to display the high-definition real-scene models of the reservoirs, determining the type of the reservoir corresponding to each reservoir;
s2, determining oblique photography and three-dimensional modeling parameters, wherein the parameters comprise a coordinate system, an elevation system, a scale, a finishing point, resolution, an image control point, a data format and unmanned aerial vehicle lens resolution;
s3, generating three-dimensional reservoir high-definition models in batches: carrying out oblique photography on each actual reservoir by using an unmanned aerial vehicle, and then constructing a plurality of three-dimensional reservoir high-definition models in an OSGB format by using automatic three-dimensional modeling software based on images acquired by oblique photography and determined reservoir types and parameters;
s4, converting the data format of the three-dimensional reservoir high-definition model in batches, wherein the converted model is an SLPK (slow batch planning) format data model;
s5, uploading the SLPK format data model to a GIS platform, and issuing three-dimensional scene map service on the GIS platform;
s6, rapidly calling a three-dimensional reservoir scene map service by utilizing a GIS platform to display a plurality of three-dimensional reservoir high-definition real scenes.
Preferably, the step S1 determines that the reservoir type is specifically: the method includes the steps of counting names and geographical positions of a plurality of actual reservoirs needing to display a high-definition real-scene model of the reservoir, and dividing the reservoir types into a large type, a medium type and a small type according to water area, total storage capacity and rainwater collection area of the actual reservoirs according to grading indexes of a hydraulic and hydroelectric junction project.
Preferably, the parameters in step S2 are specifically as follows:
coordinate system: adopting a 2000 national geodetic coordinate system and adopting a Gauss-Kluger 3-degree band projection;
an elevation system: 1985 national elevation standards;
scale bar: 1:1000 to 1: 500;
and (3) finishing points: dam, reservoir management station, drain;
resolution ratio: the resolution of the fine trimming point is less than or equal to 2cm, and the resolution of other areas is less than or equal to 5 cm;
image control points: setting the number of image control points according to the level type area of the reservoir, wherein the number of the image control points per square kilometer is more than or equal to 4 for ensuring the precision;
data format used is shown: SLPK;
unmanned aerial vehicle camera lens resolution ratio: over 3000 million pixels.
Preferably, in step S3, the oblique photography is performed on each actual reservoir by using an unmanned aerial vehicle, specifically: carrying a plurality of cameras on the same unmanned aerial vehicle, and simultaneously acquiring images of each actual reservoir from five different angles, namely vertical, front, back, left and right;
the automatic three-dimensional modeling software adopts Smart3 Dcape, reads the flight track of the unmanned aerial vehicle by utilizing the Smart3 Dcape, sets three-dimensional modeling parameters, and constructs a three-dimensional reservoir high-definition model corresponding to each actual reservoir based on the three-dimensional modeling parameters and the images of each actual reservoir.
Preferably, in step S4, data format conversion is performed by using arcgis software, as follows:
s41, creating a three-dimensional scene, setting a national geodetic coordinate system of a coordinate system 2000, and projecting by adopting a Gauss-Kluger 3-degree band;
s42, creating an anchor point layer of the three-dimensional scene, and adding anchor point coordinates of an OSGB file with xml so as to position the model;
s43, data format conversion: and directly exporting the Data file in the OSGB folder of the OSGB model and the created anchor point layer by using the Data processing toolbar to obtain the SLPK format Data model.
Preferably, step S5 specifically includes:
completing the uploading of the SLPK packages of the SLPK model in batch through a shared graph layer package tool of the arcgis software;
after the uploading is finished, the three-dimensional scene service is issued in the arcgis entreprise, and the uploaded SLPK package can be directly browsed by opening the Portal homepage of the arcgis software.
Preferably, the step S6 utilizes arcgis for js to rapidly invoke the three-dimensional reservoir scene map service.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a computer-readable storage medium storing a program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for displaying a three-dimensional reservoir high definition live view based on a GIS according to the first object of the present invention.
The third purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the invention relates to a computing device, which comprises a processor and a memory for storing an executable program of the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program stored in the memory, the GIS-based three-dimensional reservoir high-definition live-action display method is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
(1) according to the invention, the unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography is utilized to collect multi-angle reservoir images, the limitation that the conventional orthographic images can only be shot from a vertical angle is overcome, the reservoir high-definition models are constructed in batches through automatic three-dimensional modeling, the models are subjected to batch format conversion and uploaded to the GIS platform, and the GIS platform quickly calls and loads a plurality of three-dimensional reservoir high-definition scenes, so that the GIS platform can be used as a platform for multi-dimensional batch display of the three-dimensional reservoir high-definition scenes, and the problems that the reservoir model is weak in informatization construction interactivity and poor in interactivity, and is not beneficial to three-dimensional visualization, visualization and multi-dimensional high-definition display development of reservoir engineering are solved.
(2) The method utilizes Smart3 Dfuture software to quickly generate the three-dimensional reservoir high-definition model, and improves the efficiency of model batch construction; the method comprises the steps of introducing three-dimensional reservoir high-definition models into an arcgis software in batches, issuing scene maps to serve in an arcgis entrprise container, and rapidly calling three-dimensional reservoir scene map services by using arcgis for js, so that the high-definition real scenes of the three-dimensional reservoir can be visually displayed, and basic functions of browsing, inquiring, positioning, flying roaming and the like are provided.
(3) Because the osgb is a binary storage format, osgb data files are fragmented and large in number, which is not beneficial to data sharing, the invention firstly constructs the three-dimensional reservoir high-definition model in the osgb format and then carries out format conversion, which can accelerate the speed of the arcgis software to read the three-dimensional reservoir high-definition model data in batches, thereby improving the modeling efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a GIS-based three-dimensional reservoir high-definition live-action display method.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional reservoir high-definition real scene displayed by arcgis.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the query results for arcgis.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The invention discloses a GIS-based three-dimensional reservoir high-definition live-action display method, which utilizes the advantages of high efficiency, high precision, high sense of reality and low cost of three-high one-low of unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography three-dimensional live-action modeling, replaces a traditional two-dimensional model with a three-dimensional model, replaces an orthographic image model with an oblique photography model, releases internet service based on a GIS platform, realizes multi-dimensional batch display of a certain number of high-definition reservoir models, can visually display, browse and fly and roam reservoir projects through integrated integration of all reservoir models, realizes that reservoirs are from two-dimensional to three-dimensional, from orthographic images to oblique photography, from virtual to live-action, and from non-visual to visual, and meets the development requirements of three-dimensional visualization, modernization and intelligent reservoir projects.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a GIS-based three-dimensional reservoir high-definition live-action display method, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, for a plurality of actual reservoirs needing to display the high-definition real-scene models of the reservoirs, determining the type of the reservoir corresponding to each reservoir. Specifically, the names and the geographic positions of a plurality of actual reservoirs needing to display the high-definition real-scene model of the reservoir are counted firstly, and the reservoir types are divided into a large type, a medium type and a small type according to the water area, the total storage capacity and the rain collecting area of the actual reservoirs.
The information of water area, total storage capacity and rain collecting area of each actual reservoir is recorded, and the information is directly displayed on a reservoir information board on the site of the reservoir, so that the information can be directly obtained from the reservoir information board.
The distinction of reservoir types is specifically based on the trial regulations of the "water and hydro-power hub project grading and design standards" (parts of hills and hilly areas) (SDJ12-78) issued by the ministry of primary water and electricity, in which the water and hydro-power hub is divided into five, etc. according to its project scale, benefit and importance in national economy: i to V, and the grading indexes of the hydro-power hub project are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1
According to table 1, the reservoir type of this embodiment is large, that is, the engineering scale is large (1) and large (2); the type of the reservoir is medium, namely the engineering scale is medium; the reservoir type is small, namely the engineering scale is small (1) and small (2).
S2, determining oblique photography and three-dimensional modeling parameters, wherein the parameters comprise a coordinate system, an elevation system, a scale, a finishing point, resolution, an image control point, a data format and unmanned aerial vehicle lens resolution, and the parameters specifically comprise the following steps:
coordinate system: adopting a 2000 national geodetic coordinate system and adopting a Gauss-Kluger 3-degree band projection;
an elevation system: 1985 national elevation standards;
scale bar: 1:1000 to 1: 500;
and (3) finishing points: dam, reservoir management station, drain;
resolution ratio: the resolution of the fine trimming point is less than or equal to 2cm, and the resolution of other areas is less than or equal to 5 cm;
image control points: setting the number of image control points according to the level type area of the reservoir, wherein the number of the image control points per square kilometer is more than or equal to 4 for ensuring the precision;
data format used is shown: SLPK;
unmanned aerial vehicle camera lens resolution ratio: more than 3000 ten thousand pixels, unmanned aerial vehicle can adopt rotor type unmanned aerial vehicle.
S3, generating three-dimensional reservoir high-definition models in batches: carrying out oblique photography on each actual reservoir by using an unmanned aerial vehicle, namely carrying a plurality of cameras on the same unmanned aerial vehicle, and simultaneously acquiring images of each actual reservoir from five different angles, namely vertical, front, back, left and right;
and then constructing a plurality of three-dimensional reservoir high-definition models in an OSGB format by using automatic three-dimensional modeling software based on images acquired by oblique photography and the determined reservoir types and parameters. The automatic three-dimensional modeling software adopts Smart3 Dcape, reads the flight track of the unmanned aerial vehicle by using the Smart3 Dcape, sets three-dimensional modeling parameters, and constructs a three-dimensional reservoir high-definition model corresponding to each actual reservoir based on the three-dimensional modeling parameters and the images of each actual reservoir. The reading of the flight track is specifically that the flight range is manually recorded, and then Smart3 Dfuture software automatically generates the flight track.
And S4, converting the data format of the three-dimensional reservoir high-definition model in batches, wherein the converted model is the data model in the SLPK format.
In this embodiment, the data format conversion is specifically performed by using the arcgis software, and the process is as follows:
s41, creating a three-dimensional scene, setting a national geodetic coordinate system of a coordinate system 2000, and projecting by adopting a Gauss-Kluger 3-degree band;
s42, creating an anchor point layer of the three-dimensional scene, and adding anchor point coordinates of an OSGB file with xml so as to position the model;
s43, data format conversion: and directly exporting the Data file in the OSGB folder of the OSGB model and the created anchor point layer by using the Data processing toolbar to obtain the SLPK format Data model.
And S5, uploading the data model in the SLPK format to a GIS platform, and issuing the three-dimensional scene map service on the GIS platform. The GIS platform refers to arcgis software, the uploading of the SLPK packages of the SLPK model is completed in batch through a shared graph layer package tool of the arcgis software, after the uploading is completed, the three-dimensional scene service is issued in an arcgis entreprise, and the uploaded SLPK packages can be directly browsed by opening a Portal homepage of the arcgis software.
S6, rapidly calling a three-dimensional reservoir scene map service by utilizing a GIS platform to display a plurality of three-dimensional reservoir high-definition real scenes. In this embodiment, the service of quickly calling the three-dimensional reservoir scene map by the GIS platform refers to the service of quickly calling the three-dimensional reservoir scene map by arcgis for js, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the service can visually display a high-definition real scene of the three-dimensional reservoir and provide basic functions of browsing, querying (for querying a reservoir engineering characteristic table shown in fig. 3), positioning, flying roaming and the like.
Example 2
The embodiment discloses a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a program, and when the program is executed by a processor, the method for displaying the three-dimensional reservoir high-definition live-action scene based on the GIS in embodiment 1 is implemented, specifically as follows:
s1, for a plurality of actual reservoirs needing to display the high-definition real-scene models of the reservoirs, determining the type of the reservoir corresponding to each reservoir;
s2, determining oblique photography and three-dimensional modeling parameters, wherein the parameters comprise a coordinate system, an elevation system, a scale, a finishing point, resolution, an image control point, a data format and unmanned aerial vehicle lens resolution;
s3, generating three-dimensional reservoir high-definition models in batches: carrying out oblique photography on each actual reservoir by using an unmanned aerial vehicle, and then constructing a plurality of three-dimensional reservoir high-definition models in an OSGB format by using automatic three-dimensional modeling software based on images acquired by oblique photography and determined reservoir types and parameters;
s4, converting the data format of the three-dimensional reservoir high-definition model in batches, wherein the converted model is an SLPK (slow batch planning) format data model;
s5, uploading the SLPK format data model to a GIS platform, and issuing three-dimensional scene map service on the GIS platform;
s6, rapidly calling a three-dimensional reservoir scene map service by utilizing a GIS platform to display a plurality of three-dimensional reservoir high-definition real scenes.
The computer-readable storage medium in this embodiment may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer Memory, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a usb disk, a removable hard disk, or other media.
Example 3
The embodiment discloses a computing device, which comprises a processor and a memory for storing an executable program of the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program stored in the memory, the method for displaying the three-dimensional reservoir high-definition live-action scene based on the GIS in the embodiment 1 is realized, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, for a plurality of actual reservoirs needing to display the high-definition real-scene models of the reservoirs, determining the type of the reservoir corresponding to each reservoir;
s2, determining oblique photography and three-dimensional modeling parameters, wherein the parameters comprise a coordinate system, an elevation system, a scale, a finishing point, resolution, an image control point, a data format and unmanned aerial vehicle lens resolution;
s3, generating three-dimensional reservoir high-definition models in batches: carrying out oblique photography on each actual reservoir by using an unmanned aerial vehicle, and then constructing a plurality of three-dimensional reservoir high-definition models in an OSGB format by using automatic three-dimensional modeling software based on images acquired by oblique photography and determined reservoir types and parameters;
s4, converting the data format of the three-dimensional reservoir high-definition model in batches, wherein the converted model is an SLPK (slow batch planning) format data model;
s5, uploading the SLPK format data model to a GIS platform, and issuing three-dimensional scene map service on the GIS platform;
s6, rapidly calling a three-dimensional reservoir scene map service by utilizing a GIS platform to display a plurality of three-dimensional reservoir high-definition real scenes.
The computing device described in this embodiment may be a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a smart phone, a PDA handheld terminal, a tablet computer, or other terminal device with a processor function.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A three-dimensional reservoir high-definition live-action display method based on GIS is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, for a plurality of actual reservoirs needing to display the high-definition real-scene models of the reservoirs, determining the type of the reservoir corresponding to each reservoir;
s2, determining oblique photography and three-dimensional modeling parameters, wherein the parameters comprise a coordinate system, an elevation system, a scale, a finishing point, resolution, an image control point, a data format and unmanned aerial vehicle lens resolution;
s3, generating three-dimensional reservoir high-definition models in batches: carrying out oblique photography on each actual reservoir by using an unmanned aerial vehicle, and then constructing a plurality of three-dimensional reservoir high-definition models in an OSGB format by using automatic three-dimensional modeling software based on images acquired by oblique photography and determined reservoir types and parameters;
s4, converting the data format of the three-dimensional reservoir high-definition model in batches, wherein the converted model is an SLPK (slow batch planning) format data model;
s5, uploading the SLPK format data model to a GIS platform, and issuing three-dimensional scene map service on the GIS platform;
s6, rapidly calling a three-dimensional reservoir scene map service by utilizing a GIS platform to display a plurality of three-dimensional reservoir high-definition real scenes.
2. The GIS-based three-dimensional reservoir high-definition live-action display method according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 is implemented by specifically determining the reservoir type as follows: the method includes the steps of counting names and geographical positions of a plurality of actual reservoirs needing to display a high-definition real-scene model of the reservoir, and dividing the reservoir types into a large type, a medium type and a small type according to water area, total storage capacity and rainwater collection area of the actual reservoirs according to grading indexes of a hydraulic and hydroelectric junction project.
3. The GIS-based three-dimensional reservoir high-definition real-scene display method according to claim 1, wherein the parameters in the step S2 are as follows:
coordinate system: adopting a 2000 national geodetic coordinate system and adopting a Gauss-Kluger 3-degree band projection;
an elevation system: 1985 national elevation standards;
scale bar: 1:1000 to 1: 500;
and (3) finishing points: dam, reservoir management station, drain;
resolution ratio: the resolution of the fine trimming point is less than or equal to 2cm, and the resolution of other areas is less than or equal to 5 cm;
image control points: setting the number of image control points according to the level type area of the reservoir, wherein the number of the image control points per square kilometer is more than or equal to 4 for ensuring the precision;
data format used is shown: SLPK;
unmanned aerial vehicle camera lens resolution ratio: over 3000 million pixels.
4. The GIS-based three-dimensional reservoir high-definition live-action display method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, an unmanned aerial vehicle is used for oblique photography of each actual reservoir, specifically: carrying a plurality of cameras on the same unmanned aerial vehicle, and simultaneously acquiring images of each actual reservoir from five different angles, namely vertical, front, back, left and right;
the automatic three-dimensional modeling software adopts Smart3 Dcape, reads the flight track of the unmanned aerial vehicle by utilizing the Smart3 Dcape, sets three-dimensional modeling parameters, and constructs a three-dimensional reservoir high-definition model corresponding to each actual reservoir based on the three-dimensional modeling parameters and the images of each actual reservoir.
5. The GIS-based three-dimensional reservoir high-definition live-action display method according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, data format conversion is performed by using arcgis software, and the process is as follows:
s41, creating a three-dimensional scene, setting a national geodetic coordinate system of a coordinate system 2000, and projecting by adopting a Gauss-Kluger 3-degree band;
s42, creating an anchor point layer of the three-dimensional scene, and adding anchor point coordinates of an OSGB file with xml so as to position the model;
s43, data format conversion: and directly exporting the Data file in the OSGB folder of the OSGB model and the created anchor point layer by using the Data processing toolbar to obtain the SLPK format Data model.
6. The GIS-based three-dimensional reservoir high-definition real-scene display method according to claim 1, wherein the step S5 is specifically as follows:
completing the uploading of the SLPK packages of the SLPK model in batch through a shared graph layer package tool of the arcgis software;
after the uploading is finished, the three-dimensional scene service is issued in the arcgis entreprise, and the uploaded SLPK package can be directly browsed by opening the Portal homepage of the arcgis software.
7. The GIS-based three-dimensional reservoir high-definition live-action display method according to claim 1, wherein the step S6 utilizes arcgis for js to rapidly call a three-dimensional reservoir scene map service.
8. A computer-readable storage medium storing a program, wherein the program, when executed by a processor, implements the GIS-based three-dimensional reservoir high definition reality displaying method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A computing device comprising a processor and a memory for storing a program executable by the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the program stored in the memory, implements the GIS-based three-dimensional reservoir high definition live-action display method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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