CN112505483A - Cable partial discharge positioning method based on online transfer function - Google Patents
Cable partial discharge positioning method based on online transfer function Download PDFInfo
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- CN112505483A CN112505483A CN202011333067.9A CN202011333067A CN112505483A CN 112505483 A CN112505483 A CN 112505483A CN 202011333067 A CN202011333067 A CN 202011333067A CN 112505483 A CN112505483 A CN 112505483A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/083—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in cables, e.g. underground
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/16—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
- G01R31/1272—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements
Abstract
The invention discloses a cable partial discharge positioning method based on an online transfer function, and belongs to the field of cable partial discharge detection and positioning research. Firstly establishing a model, injecting a reference signal into the first end of the cable to be detected and solving the transfer function of the cable to be detected, then sequentially arranging n detection points from the first end of the cable, wherein the distance between every two adjacent detection points is L2, detecting partial discharge signals at different detection points, and calculating the amplitude of an estimated reference signal corresponding to the cable with the length of L1 at different detection points by using the established model along with the successive movement of the detection points. And dividing the frequency band of the estimated reference signal frequency spectrum into a plurality of sub-frequency bands with equal width, and finally calculating the estimated distance value of the partial discharge. The method of the invention does not need to know the geometric structure and material specification of the cable and does not need to stop the operation of the cable system, the injected signal is taken as a reference signal, the calculation formula of the positioning is simple and reliable, and the parameters are easy to obtain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cable partial discharge detection and positioning research, and particularly relates to a cable partial discharge positioning method based on an online transfer function.
Background
The method for positioning and detecting the partial discharge of the cable comprises an off-line method and an on-line method, the off-line method is restricted to a certain extent due to the fact that a power grid system in China is huge and a power failure test is very difficult, and the actual running state of the cable cannot be simulated by the off-line detection, so that the method has great significance for the on-line positioning research of the partial discharge of the power cable.
At present, the cable on-line partial discharge detection and positioning method mainly comprises a capacitive coupling method, an ultrahigh frequency method, a temperature method, an ultrasonic detection method and an electromagnetic coupling method. The capacitive coupling method needs to destroy the structure of the cable, has higher requirements on technical personnel, and needs to perform cable restoration and waterproof work subsequently; the ultrahigh frequency method can better realize the positioning of the partial discharge source by arranging a plurality of ultrahigh frequency sensors, but ultrahigh frequency signals are quickly attenuated, the transmission range is only a few meters, detection antennas meeting the requirements are required to be arranged, and the cost is higher; the temperature method is less affected by external electromagnetic noise and has high reliability, but the method cannot judge the strength and the discharge type of the partial discharge signal, has a narrow application range, and has the temperature change under different power loads, weather conditions and laying conditions, so that the temperature monitoring is required for a long time. The ultrasonic detection method has strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability, continuously improves the sensitivity and has wider and wider application. The electromagnetic coupling method can directly reflect the strength of the partial discharge degree by obtaining the waveform of the partial discharge signal, but the partial discharge signal is weak, and the signal similar to the partial discharge pulse is difficult to filter only by a preposed filtering and amplifying unit.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a cable partial discharge positioning method based on an online transfer function, which is reasonable in design, overcomes the defects of the prior art and has a good effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a cable partial discharge positioning method based on an online transfer function comprises the following steps:
step 1: establishing a model; comprising the following substeps:
step 11: assuming that the length of the cable to be detected is L, a partial discharge signal generated by a partial discharge calibrator is used as a reference signal, and the frequency spectrum is SR(j ω); the first high-frequency current sensor injects a reference signal into a shielding layer at the first end of the cable to be detected;
step 12: the first end of the cable to be detected is used as a signal injection point and is connected with the second high-frequency current sensor, the second end of the cable to be detected is used as a detection point and is connected with the third high-frequency current sensor, and the transfer function H of the cable to be detected is obtainedL(jω);
Step 13: after partial discharge, a partial discharge signal is transmitted in the cable core wire and the shielding layer along the left direction and the right direction, a certain length of cable with the length of L1 is selected from the cables to be detected, and the transfer function of the cable with the length of L1 is as follows:
after propagation, the frequency spectrum of the partial discharge signal detected by the high-frequency current sensor at the other end of the cable having a length of L1 is SP(j ω), reference signal SR(j ω) and SPThe relationship between (j ω) is:
SP(jω)=HL1(jω)·SR(jω) (2)
estimated reference signal S corresponding to cable with length L1RThe amplitude of (j ω)' is:
wherein, | SP(j ω) | is the amplitude of the propagated detected partial discharge signal, | HL1(j ω) | is the magnitude of the transfer function for a cable of length L1;
step 2: the first end of the cable to be detected is a signal injection point, n detection points are sequentially arranged from the first end of the cable to be detected, the distance between every two adjacent detection points is L2, the high-frequency current sensor detects partial discharge signals at different detection points, and along with the gradual movement of the detection points, the model in the step 1 is utilized to calculate the estimation reference signal S corresponding to the cable with the length of L1 at different detection pointsR(j ω)' wherein:
L1=n·L2 (4)
and step 3: dividing the frequency band of the estimated reference signal frequency spectrum into a plurality of sub-frequency bands with equal width;
and 4, step 4: and calculating a partial discharge estimation distance value.
Preferably, in step 12, a transfer function H of a cable of length L is obtainedL(j ω) comprises the sub-steps of:
step 121: the second high-frequency current sensor and the third high-frequency current sensor respectively detect partial discharge signals of the first end and the second end of the cable;
step 122: at the first end of the cable to be detected, the frequency spectrum of the partial discharge signal detected by the first oscilloscope is as follows:
S1(jω)=HI(jω)×HD(jω)×I(jω) (5)
at the second end of the cable to be detected, the frequency spectrum of the partial discharge signal detected by the second oscilloscope is as follows:
S2(jω)=HI(jω)×HD(jω)×HL(jω)I(jω) (6)
where I (j ω) is the frequency spectrum of the signal generated by the PD calibrator at the first end of the cable, HI(j ω) and HD(j ω) is the total transfer function, H, of the first and second ends, respectively, of the cable to be testedL(j ω) is the transfer function of the cable to be tested, ω is the angular frequency;
step 123: hL(jω)=S2(jω)S1(jω) (7)
The transfer function H of the cable to be detected is obtained by the formula (7)L(jω)。
Preferably, the second high frequency current sensor and the third high frequency current sensor are of the same type.
Preferably, the experimental system is assumed to be linear time invariant.
Preferably, step 4 comprises the following sub-steps:
step 41: calculating the square error of the reference signal and the estimated reference signal spectrum;
step 42: selecting the length L1 with the smallest square error of the frequency spectrum in each sub-frequency band as an estimated distance value;
step 43: and removing the maximum and minimum estimated distance values, and calculating the average value of the residual estimated distance values as the estimated partial discharge distance value.
Preferably, the method is suitable for long cables with partial discharge frequency within 30 Mhz.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. in the invention, the transfer function of the on-line cable is obtained without knowing the geometric structure and material specification of the cable;
2. this positioning method does not require the cable system to be taken out of service.
3. The transfer function of the cable can be identified by identifying the injected current through the cable shield by a high frequency current sensor (HFCT) and measuring the injected signal at two different locations of the cable by high frequency current sensors clamped on the shield (the propagation and attenuation characteristics of any given length of cable are known).
4. The injected signal is used as a reference signal, a calculation formula of positioning is simple and reliable, parameters are easy to obtain, and real-time communication is not needed between the measurement units.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the installation of a high frequency current sensor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the propagation of partial discharge signals in two directions of a cable after the partial discharge occurs in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the acquisition of a reference partial discharge signal and a propagated partial discharge signal after the occurrence of partial discharge in the present invention;
Detailed Description
To facilitate understanding and practice of the invention by those of ordinary skill in the art, embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples:
a cable discharge positioning method based on an online transfer function, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, includes the following steps:
step 1: establishing a model; comprising the following substeps:
step 11: assuming that the length of the cable to be detected is L, a partial discharge signal generated by a partial discharge calibrator is used as a reference signal, and the frequency spectrum is SR(j ω); the first high-frequency current sensor injects a reference signal into a shielding layer at the first end of the cable to be detected;
step 12: the first end of the cable to be detected is used as a signal injection point and is connected with the second high-frequency current sensor, the second end of the cable to be detected is used as a detection point and is connected with the third high-frequency current sensor, and the transfer function H of the cable to be detected is obtainedL(jω);
Step 13: after partial discharge, a partial discharge signal is transmitted in the cable core wire and the shielding layer along the left direction and the right direction, a certain length of cable with the length of L1 is selected from the cables to be detected, and the transfer function of the cable with the length of L1 is as follows:
after propagation, a partial discharge was detected at the other end of the cable of length L1 with a high-frequency current sensorThe frequency spectrum of the signal being SP(j ω), reference signal SR(j ω) and SPThe relationship between (j ω) is:
SP(jω)=HL1(jω)·SR(jω) (2)
estimated reference signal S corresponding to cable with length L1RThe amplitude of (j ω)' is:
wherein, | SP(j ω) | is the amplitude of the propagated detected partial discharge signal, | HL1(j ω) | is the magnitude of the transfer function for a cable of length L1;
step 2: the first end of the cable to be detected is a signal injection point, n detection points are sequentially arranged from the first end of the cable to be detected, the distance between every two adjacent detection points is L2, the high-frequency current sensor detects partial discharge signals at different detection points, and along with the gradual movement of the detection points, the model in the step 1 is utilized to calculate the estimation reference signal S corresponding to the cable with the length of L1 at different detection pointsR(j ω)' wherein:
L1=n·L2 (4)
and step 3: dividing the frequency band of the estimated reference signal frequency spectrum into a plurality of sub-frequency bands with equal width;
and 4, step 4: and calculating a partial discharge estimation distance value.
In particular, in step 12, the transfer function H of the cable to be tested is obtainedL(j ω) comprises the sub-steps of:
step 121: the second high-frequency current sensor and the third high-frequency current sensor respectively detect partial discharge signals of the first end and the second end of the cable;
step 122: at the first end of the cable to be detected, the frequency spectrum of the partial discharge signal detected by the first oscilloscope is as follows:
S1(jω)=HI(jω)×HD(jω)×I(jω) (5)
at the second end of the cable to be detected, the frequency spectrum of the partial discharge signal detected by the second oscilloscope is as follows:
S2(jω)=HI(jω)×HD(jω)×HL(jω)I(jω) (6)
where I (j ω) is the frequency spectrum of the signal generated by the PD calibrator at the first end of the cable to be tested, HI(j ω) and HD(j ω) is the total transfer function, H, of the first and second ends, respectively, of the cable to be testedL(j ω) is the transfer function of the cable to be tested, ω is the angular frequency;
step 123: hL(jω)=S2(jω)S1(jω) (7)
The transfer function H of the cable to be detected is obtained by the formula (7)L(jω)。
Specifically, the second high-frequency current sensor and the third high-frequency current sensor are of the same type.
In particular, the experimental system is assumed to be linear time invariant.
Specifically, step 4 comprises the following substeps:
step 41: calculating the square error of the reference signal and the estimated reference signal spectrum;
step 42: selecting the length L1 with the smallest square error of the frequency spectrum in each sub-frequency band as an estimated distance value;
step 43: and removing the maximum and minimum estimated distance values, and calculating the average value of the residual estimated distance values as the estimated partial discharge distance value.
Particularly, the method is suitable for long cables with partial discharge frequency within 30 Mhz.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A cable partial discharge positioning method based on an online transfer function is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: establishing a model; comprising the following substeps:
step 11: assuming that the length of the cable to be detected is L, a partial discharge signal generated by a partial discharge calibrator is used as a reference signal, and the frequency spectrum is SR(j ω); the first high-frequency current sensor injects a reference signal into a shielding layer at the first end of the cable to be detected;
step 12: the first end of the cable to be detected is used as a signal injection point and is connected with the second high-frequency current sensor, the second end of the cable to be detected is used as a detection point and is connected with the third high-frequency current sensor, and the transfer function H of the cable to be detected is obtainedL(jω);
Step 13: after partial discharge, a partial discharge signal is transmitted in the cable core wire and the shielding layer along the left direction and the right direction, a certain length of cable with the length of L1 is selected from the cables to be detected, and the transfer function of the cable with the length of L1 is as follows:
after propagation, the frequency spectrum of the partial discharge signal detected by the high-frequency current sensor at the other end of the cable having a length of L1 is SP(j ω), reference signal SR(j ω) and SPThe relationship between (j ω) is:
SP(jω)=HL1(jω)·SR(jω) (2)
estimated reference signal S corresponding to cable with length L1RThe amplitude of (j ω)' is:
wherein, | SP(j ω) | is the amplitude of the propagated detected partial discharge signal, | HL1(j ω) | is the magnitude of the transfer function for a cable of length L1;
step 2: the first end of the cable to be detected is a signal injection point, n detection points are sequentially arranged from the first end of the cable to be detected, and the distance between every two adjacent detection points is equalL2, the high frequency current sensor detects partial discharge signals at different detection points, and calculates the estimated reference signal S corresponding to the cable with the length of L1 at different detection points by using the model in the step 1 as the detection points move graduallyR(j ω)' wherein:
L1=n·L2 (4)
and step 3: dividing the frequency band of the estimated reference signal frequency spectrum into a plurality of sub-frequency bands with equal width;
and 4, step 4: and calculating a partial discharge estimation distance value.
2. The method for positioning cable discharge based on-line transfer function as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 12, the transfer function H of the cable to be detected is obtainedL(j ω) comprises the sub-steps of:
step 121: the second high-frequency current sensor and the third high-frequency current sensor respectively detect partial discharge signals of the first end and the second end of the cable;
step 122: at the first end of the cable to be detected, the frequency spectrum of the partial discharge signal detected by the first oscilloscope is as follows:
S1(jω)=HI(jω)×HD(jω)×I(jω) (5)
at the second end of the cable to be detected, the frequency spectrum of the partial discharge signal detected by the second oscilloscope is as follows:
S2(jω)=HI(jω)×HD(jω)×HL(jω)I(jω) (6)
where I (j ω) is the frequency spectrum of the signal generated by the PD calibrator at the first end of the cable to be tested, HI(j ω) and HD(j ω) is the total transfer function, H, of the first and second ends, respectively, of the cable to be testedL(j ω) is the transfer function of the cable to be tested, ω is the angular frequency;
step 123: hL(jω)=S2(jω)/S1(jω) (7)
The transfer function H of the cable to be detected is obtained by the formula (7)L(jω)。
3. The method for locating partial discharge of cable according to claim 1, wherein the second high frequency current sensor and the third high frequency current sensor are of the same type.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the experimental system is assumed to be linear and time-invariant.
5. The method for positioning partial discharge of cable based on-line function as claimed in claim 1, wherein step 4 comprises the following sub-steps:
step 41: calculating the square error of the reference signal and the estimated reference signal spectrum;
step 42: selecting the length L1 with the smallest square error of the frequency spectrum in each sub-frequency band as an estimated distance value;
step 43: and removing the maximum and minimum estimated distance values, and calculating the average value of the residual estimated distance values as the estimated partial discharge distance value.
6. The method for locating partial discharge of cable according to claim 1, wherein the method is suitable for long cable with partial discharge frequency within 30 Mhz.
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CN116973672A (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-10-31 | 合肥航太电物理技术有限公司 | Low-level scanning current testing device and testing method thereof |
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CN116973672B (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-12-29 | 合肥航太电物理技术有限公司 | Low-level scanning current testing device and testing method thereof |
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