CN112504684B - Outer culvert casing static, thermal and internal pressure load test device - Google Patents

Outer culvert casing static, thermal and internal pressure load test device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112504684B
CN112504684B CN202011485669.6A CN202011485669A CN112504684B CN 112504684 B CN112504684 B CN 112504684B CN 202011485669 A CN202011485669 A CN 202011485669A CN 112504684 B CN112504684 B CN 112504684B
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China
Prior art keywords
culvert casing
cabin section
sealing
outer culvert
load
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CN112504684A (en
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杨峰
姚明格
周焕阳
高飞
王朝杰
罗旺
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Beijing Institute of Structure and Environment Engineering
Tianjin Aerospace Ruilai Technology Co Ltd
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Beijing Institute of Structure and Environment Engineering
Tianjin Aerospace Ruilai Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202011485669.6A priority Critical patent/CN112504684B/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00Testing of engines
    • G01M15/02Details or accessories of testing apparatus
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64FGROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B64F5/00Designing, manufacturing, assembling, cleaning, maintaining or repairing aircraft, not otherwise provided for; Handling, transporting, testing or inspecting aircraft components, not otherwise provided for
    • B64F5/60Testing or inspecting aircraft components or systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an external culvert casing static, thermal and internal pressure load test device which comprises a base and a slidable sealing cavity structure; the sliding sealing cavity structure is used for installing a hollow outer culvert casing and applying an internal pressure load and a static force load to the outer culvert casing; the sliding seal cavity structure comprises a lower docking cabin section and an upper docking cabin section; the top of the base is connected with the lower docking cabin section in a sealing way; the top of the lower butt joint cabin section is hermetically connected with the bottom of the outer culvert casing; the top of the outer culvert casing is hermetically connected with an upper docking cabin section; an electric heater is circumferentially arranged near the inner wall of the periphery of the outer culvert casing; the lower end of the electric heater is fixed on the base; and the electric heater is used for applying a thermal load to the outer culvert casing. The invention has scientific structural design, can meet the test and examination requirements of the combined tests of the static, heat and internal pressure loads of the outer culvert casing, and can simultaneously solve the decoupling problem of the pressure and the static load in the combined load applying process and the airtight problem caused by structural deformation at high temperature and high pressure.

Description

Outer culvert casing static, thermal and internal pressure load test device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive tests of outer culvert casings of aeroengines, in particular to a static, thermal and internal pressure load test device of an outer culvert casing.
Background
The outer culvert casing is an important structural unit for the aero-engine to form an outer culvert runner, and the purposes of structural integrity, engine functions and the like are realized.
The outer culvert casing is arranged behind the intermediate casing and in front of the rear turbine casing and surrounds the outside of the core machine unit body. The outer culvert runner formed by the outer culvert casing ensures the effective thrust of the engine and bears the complex load caused by high-temperature high-speed airflow. According to the design requirements, static, thermal and internal pressure load tests must be checked.
However, in the present stage, there is no device for checking design indexes of the outer culvert casing, and three loads of static load, heat load and internal pressure load can be reliably applied to the outer culvert casing at the same time. Because the independent examination of the static, thermal and internal pressure technical indexes of the outer culvert casing has considerable complexity and danger, more complex test systems are needed for simultaneously examining the indexes, and the design requirements on the comprehensive test device are more strict.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at providing an external culvert casing static, thermal and internal pressure load test device aiming at the technical defects existing in the prior art.
Therefore, the invention provides an external culvert casing static, thermal and internal pressure load test device, which comprises a base and a slidable sealing cavity structure;
The sliding sealing cavity structure is used for installing a hollow outer culvert casing serving as a test piece and applying an internal pressure load and a static load to the outer culvert casing;
the sliding seal cavity structure comprises a lower docking cabin section and an upper docking cabin section;
The lower docking cabin section and the upper docking cabin section are hollow structures and are provided with openings at the upper end and the lower end;
The top of the base is connected with the lower docking cabin section in a sealing way;
the top of the lower butt joint cabin section is hermetically connected with the bottom of the outer culvert casing;
The top of the outer culvert casing is connected with the upper docking cabin section in a sealing manner;
the sliding seal cavity structure and the outer culvert casing are combined to form an integral inner cavity for bearing the internal pressure load applied by the air source;
the upper butt joint cabin section is particularly used for applying static load to the external culvert casing;
Wherein, the electric heater is installed around the periphery inner wall of the outer culvert casing;
The lower end of the electric heater is fixed on the base;
and the electric heater is used for applying a thermal load to the outer culvert casing.
Preferably, the upper surface of the upper docking pod is coupled to an external static loading actuator.
Preferably, the slidable seal cavity structure further comprises: the device comprises an inner sealing cylinder, an upper bearing piston disc, a right-angle trapezoid sealing gasket, a sealing gasket pressing plate, a central shaft pull rod and a screw cylinder;
The inner sealing cylinder is positioned at the center of the inner part of the outer culvert casing, and the bottom of the inner sealing cylinder is in sealing connection with the top surface of the base;
The top of the inner sealing cylinder is in sealing connection with the bottom surface of the upper bearing piston disc;
The lower end of the central shaft pull rod is fixedly connected with the base, and the main body part of the central shaft pull rod penetrates through a through hole reserved on the base, the hollow inner sealing cylinder and the central through hole of the upper bearing piston disc from bottom to top, and the upper part of the central shaft pull rod protrudes out of the top of the upper bearing piston disc;
the upper part of the central shaft pull rod is connected with the screw cylinder in a threaded manner.
Preferably, the external thread at the upper part of the central shaft pull rod is in threaded connection with the internal thread of the screw cylinder;
The screw cylinder is used for locking the upper part of the central shaft pull rod.
Preferably, the peripheral inner walls of the upper butt joint cabin section are in clearance fit with the peripheral outer walls of the upper bearing piston disc.
Preferably, the outer culvert casing is tightly connected with the upper butt joint cabin section through a screw matched with high-temperature sealant;
The outer culvert casing is tightly connected with the lower butt joint cabin section through a screw matched with high-temperature sealant;
The lower butt joint cabin section is tightly connected with the base through a screw matched with high-temperature sealant.
Preferably, the upper surface of the upper bearing piston disc is provided with an annular sealing gasket pressing plate in a pressing mode;
the peripheral outer walls of the sealing gasket pressing plate are in clearance fit with the peripheral inner walls of the upper butt joint cabin section;
the lower part of the peripheral edge of the sealing gasket pressing plate is provided with a sealing gasket groove in a surrounding manner;
a right trapezoid sealing gasket is sleeved in the sealing gasket groove.
Preferably, a sealing surface capable of sliding up and down is formed between the peripheral outer walls of the right-angle trapezoid sealing gasket and the peripheral inner walls of the upper docking cabin section.
Preferably, the left end and the right end of the base are respectively provided with an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole;
The air inlet is connected with an air outlet of an external air source.
Preferably, the lower portion of the electric heater is penetrated through and welded to the base.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention provides the external culvert casing static, thermal and internal pressure load test device, which has scientific structural design, can meet the test and examination requirements of the external culvert casing static, thermal and internal pressure load combined test, can simultaneously solve the decoupling problem of pressure and static load in the combined load application process (namely, the load coupling problem caused by the simultaneous application of internal pressure and static load) and the airtight problem caused by the structural deformation at high temperature and high pressure, and has great practical significance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an external culvert casing static, thermal and internal pressure load test device provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion A shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of an external culvert casing static, thermal and internal pressure load test device provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram II of a three-dimensional exploded structure of an external culvert casing static, thermal and internal pressure load test device provided by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of an outer culvert casing as a test piece to be tested according to the static, thermal and internal pressure load test device of the outer culvert casing;
In the figure: 1. the outer culvert casing, the base, the inner sealing cylinder, the lower butt joint cabin section and the upper butt joint cabin section;
6. The upper bearing piston disc, the sealing gasket pressing plate, the right-angle trapezoid sealing gasket, the screw cylinder, the central shaft pull rod and the right-angle trapezoid sealing gasket, wherein the screw cylinder is arranged on the upper bearing piston disc;
11. The electric heater, 12, the inlet port, 13, the exhaust hole.
Detailed Description
In order that the manner in which the application is carried out will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the application and not limiting of the application. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present application are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
In addition, it should be noted that, in the description of the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the term "mounted" and the like should be construed broadly, and may be fixed or removable, for example.
The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the invention provides an external culvert casing static, thermal and internal pressure load test device, which comprises a base 2 and a slidable sealing cavity structure;
The sliding sealing cavity structure is used for installing the hollow outer culvert casing 1 serving as a test piece and applying an internal pressure load and a static load to the outer culvert casing 1;
The sliding seal cavity structure comprises a lower docking cabin section 4 and an upper docking cabin section 5;
The lower docking cabin section 4 and the upper docking cabin section 5 are hollow structures and are provided with openings at the upper end and the lower end;
The top of the base 2 is connected with the lower docking cabin section 4 in a sealing manner;
The top of the lower butt joint cabin section 4 is connected with the bottom of the outer culvert casing 1 in a sealing way (the whole body is approximately cylindrical);
The top of the outer culvert casing 1 is connected with an upper docking cabin section 5 in a sealing manner;
the sliding seal cavity structure and the outer culvert casing 1 are combined to form an integral inner cavity for bearing the internal pressure load applied by the air source;
The upper butt joint cabin section 5 is specifically used for applying static load to the external culvert casing 1;
wherein, the electric heater 11 is installed around the periphery inner wall of the outer culvert casing 1;
the lower end of the electric heater 11 is fixed on the base 2;
an electric heater 11 for applying a thermal load to the outer casing 1.
It should be noted that, for the present invention, the upper docking bay 5 for static load application, the electric heater 11 for thermal load application penetrating and welded to the base 2, and the slidable sealing cavity structure for installing the outer culvert casing 1 and enclosing with the outer culvert casing 1 into internal pressure load application are mainly included. According to the invention, through the sliding seal cavity structure, the load coupling problem caused by simultaneous application of internal pressure and static load and the airtight problem caused by structural deformation under high temperature and high pressure can be effectively solved.
In the present invention, the upper surface of the upper docking pod 5 is connected to an external static loading actuator for applying a static load and transmitting the load to the outer culvert casing 1. The outer culvert casing 1 bears forces and moments in three directions in space, and the forces and moments need to be equivalent to each loading point of the upper butt joint cabin section 5 through space load. The static loading actuator is an actuator of a static test system, and a MOOG static test system which is mature in the prior art is used in the example.
In the invention, the sliding seal cavity structure not only comprises a lower docking cabin section 4 and an upper docking cabin section 5 which are used for installing the outer culvert casing 1 and enclosing the outer culvert casing 1 into a pressure loading inner cavity;
in particular, the slidable seal cavity structure further comprises: the inner sealing cylinder 3, the upper bearing piston disc 6, the right trapezoid sealing gasket 8, the sealing gasket pressing plate 7, the central shaft pull rod 10 and the screw cylinder 9;
The inner sealing cylinder 3 is positioned at the center of the inner part of the outer culvert casing 1, and the bottom of the inner sealing cylinder 3 is in sealing connection with the top surface of the base 2;
the top of the inner sealing cylinder 3 is in sealing connection with the bottom surface of the upper bearing piston disc 6;
The lower end of the central shaft pull rod 10 is fixedly connected with the base 2, and the main body part of the central shaft pull rod 10 penetrates through a through hole reserved on the base 2, the hollow inner sealing cylinder 3 and the central through hole of the upper bearing piston disc 6 from bottom to top, and then the upper part of the central shaft pull rod protrudes out of the top of the upper bearing piston disc;
The upper part of the central shaft pull rod 10 is connected with the screw cylinder 9 in a threaded way.
The concrete implementation is that the external thread at the upper part of the central shaft pull rod 10 is in threaded connection with the internal thread of the screw cylinder 9;
a screw cylinder 9 for locking the upper part of the central shaft lever 10.
In the concrete implementation, the peripheral inner walls of the upper butt joint cabin section 5 are in clearance fit with the peripheral outer walls of the upper bearing piston disc 6.
In the concrete implementation, the outer culvert casing 1 is tightly connected with the upper docking cabin section 5 through screws (specifically, tightly arranged screws) matched with high-temperature sealant;
The outer culvert casing 1 is tightly connected with the lower butt joint cabin section 4 through screws (specifically, tightly arranged screws) matched with high-temperature sealant;
the lower docking bay 4 is tightly connected with the base 2 by a screw (specifically, a tightly arranged screw) matched with high-temperature sealant.
The concrete implementation is that the bottom of the inner sealing cylinder 3 is connected with the top of the base 2, the top of the inner sealing cylinder 3 is connected with the bottom of the upper bearing piston disc 6 through a mode that the boss is matched with the groove, and the central shaft pull rod 10 and the locking screw cylinder 9 are combined to carry out compression sealing, wherein the contact surfaces of the bottom of the inner sealing cylinder 3 and the top of the base 2, and the boss and the groove which are arranged on the top of the inner sealing cylinder 3 and the bottom of the upper bearing piston disc 6 are sealed through high-temperature sealant.
The upper surface of the upper bearing piston disc 6 is provided with an annular sealing gasket pressing plate 7 in a pressing mode;
the peripheral outer walls of the sealing gasket pressing plate 7 are in clearance fit (in particular to small clearance fit) with the peripheral inner walls of the upper docking cabin section 5;
The lower part of the peripheral edge of the sealing gasket pressing plate 7 is provided with a sealing gasket groove in a surrounding manner;
in the sealing gasket groove, a right trapezoid sealing gasket 8 is sleeved.
In the concrete implementation, a sealing surface capable of sliding up and down is formed between the peripheral outer walls of the right-angle trapezoid sealing gasket 8 and the peripheral inner walls of the upper docking cabin section.
The right trapezoid sealing gasket 8 is an elastic sealing gasket, and the sealing gasket pressing plate 7 matched with the right trapezoid sealing gasket is pressed on the upper surface of the upper bearing piston disc 6 together and is used for forming a slidable sealing surface with the upper docking cabin section 5.
The right-angle trapezoid sealing gasket 8 is made of a high-temperature sealing material mature in the prior art, and can be customized and purchased from the market.
In the invention, the left and right ends of the base 2 are respectively provided with an air inlet hole 12 and an air outlet hole 13;
the air intake 12 is connected to an air outlet of an external air source (e.g., a compressed air cylinder or an air compressor) for pressure load (i.e., static load) application and control.
In the present invention, the lower part of the electric heater 11 is penetrated through and welded to the base 2.
In particular implementation, the outer structure of the electric heater 11 is annular and is strictly matched with the outer culvert casing 1 so as to fully improve the heating efficiency of the electric heater 11, the electric heater 11 is in an outer stainless steel radiant tube structure, the inner heating wire is wrapped by an insulating heat-conducting filling material, and the outer stainless steel radiant tube of the electric heater 11 can be subjected to a welding process according to requirements. The electric heater 11 is a mature process product and is commercially available in a custom-made manner.
It should be noted that, for the comprehensive test device provided by the invention, not only the bearing factor of a single load is fully considered, but also the mutual influence of the load applying processes is considered. In view of the small amount of air leakage allowed by the outer culvert casing in the loading process, as long as the pressure load is kept stable dynamically, the decoupling of the pressure and the static load (namely, the problem of load coupling caused by simultaneous application of the internal pressure and the static load) and the problem of air tightness caused by structural deformation under high temperature and high pressure are fully considered in the process.
Compared with the prior art, the external culvert casing static, heat and internal pressure load test device provided by the invention applies mechanical load on the upper butt joint cabin section 5 when the external culvert casing 1 is subjected to static, heat and pressure test, and applies air pressure load on the pressure cavity (the internal pressure load is applied to the whole sliding sealing cavity and the inner cavity of the external culvert casing 1, and the pressure applied by the system is air pressure) and heat load on the inner wall of the external culvert casing 1.
The pressure generated by the action of the inner cavity air pressure of the outer culvert casing 1 on the upper bearing piston disc 6 can be borne by the central shaft pull rod 10 and the screw cylinder 9 for locking the central shaft pull rod 10, and the sliding sealing surface of the cavity structure can be sealed in a sliding manner, so that the coupling effect of the inner pressure and the static load during simultaneous application can be effectively solved.
When the inner cavity air pressure of the outer culvert casing 1 acts on the lower bottom surface of the right trapezoid sealing gasket 8, the right trapezoid sealing gasket 8 can elastically deform, so that the sealing effect of the slidable sealing surface is enhanced, and the airtight problem caused by structural deformation under high-temperature and high-pressure loading is effectively solved.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the external culvert casing static, thermal and internal pressure load test device provided by the invention has scientific structural design, can meet the test and examination requirements of the external culvert casing static, thermal and internal pressure load combined test, can simultaneously solve the decoupling problem of pressure and static load in the combined load applying process (namely, the load coupling problem caused by the simultaneous application of internal pressure and static load) and the airtight problem caused by structural deformation at high temperature and high pressure, and has great practical significance.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The external culvert casing static, thermal and internal pressure load test device is characterized by comprising a base (2) and a slidable sealing cavity structure;
The sliding sealing cavity structure is used for installing a hollow outer culvert casing (1) serving as a test piece and applying an internal pressure load and a static force load to the outer culvert casing (1);
the sliding seal cavity structure comprises a lower docking cabin section (4) and an upper docking cabin section (5);
The lower docking cabin section (4) and the upper docking cabin section (5) are hollow structures and are provided with openings at the upper end and the lower end;
Wherein, the top of the base (2) is connected with the lower docking cabin section (4) in a sealing way;
The top of the lower butt joint cabin section (4) is connected with the bottom of the outer culvert casing (1) in a sealing way;
The top of the outer culvert casing (1) is connected with the upper butt joint cabin section (5) in a sealing way;
the sliding seal cavity structure and the outer culvert casing (1) are combined to form an integral inner cavity for bearing the internal pressure load applied by the air source;
The upper butt joint cabin section (5) is particularly used for applying static load to the outer culvert casing (1);
Wherein, an electric heater (11) is circumferentially arranged near the inner wall of the periphery of the outer culvert casing (1);
the lower end of the electric heater (11) is fixed on the base (2);
the electric heater (11) is used for applying a thermal load to the outer culvert casing (1);
The upper surface of the upper butt joint cabin section (5) is connected with an external static loading actuator;
the lower part of the electric heater (11) passes through and is welded and fixed on the base (2).
2. The test device of claim 1, wherein the slidable seal cavity structure further comprises: the sealing device comprises an inner sealing cylinder (3), an upper bearing piston disc (6), a right-angle trapezoid sealing gasket (8), a sealing gasket pressing plate (7), a central shaft pull rod (10) and a screw cylinder (9);
the inner sealing cylinder (3) is positioned at the central position inside the outer culvert casing (1), and the bottom of the inner sealing cylinder (3) is connected with the top surface of the base (2) in a sealing way;
The top of the inner sealing cylinder (3) is in sealing connection with the bottom surface of the upper bearing piston disc (6);
The lower end of the central shaft pull rod (10) is fixedly connected with the base (2), and the main body part of the central shaft pull rod (10) penetrates through a through hole reserved on the base (2), the hollow inner sealing cylinder (3) and the central through hole of the upper bearing piston disc (6) from bottom to top, and then the upper part of the central shaft pull rod protrudes out of the top of the upper bearing piston disc;
the upper part of the central shaft pull rod (10) is connected with the screw cylinder (9) in a threaded way.
3. The test device according to claim 2, characterized in that the external thread on the upper part of the central shaft pull rod (10) is in threaded connection with the internal thread of the screw cylinder (9);
The screw cylinder (9) is used for locking the upper part of the central shaft pull rod (10).
4. A test device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the peripheral inner walls of the upper docking bay (5) are in clearance fit with the peripheral outer walls of the upper carrier piston disc (6).
5. The test device according to claim 2, wherein the outer culvert casing (1) is tightly connected with the upper butt joint cabin section (5) through a screw matched with high-temperature sealant;
The outer culvert casing (1) is tightly connected with the lower butt joint cabin section (4) through a screw matched with high-temperature sealant;
The lower butt joint cabin section (4) is tightly connected with the base (2) through a screw matched with high-temperature sealant.
6. Test device according to claim 2, wherein the upper surface of the upper carrier piston disc (6) is press fitted with an annular gasket pressure plate (7);
the peripheral outer walls of the sealing gasket pressing plates (7) are in clearance fit with the peripheral inner walls of the upper docking cabin section (5);
the lower part of the peripheral edge of the sealing gasket pressing plate (7) is provided with a sealing gasket groove in a surrounding way;
a right trapezoid sealing gasket (8) is sleeved in the sealing gasket groove.
7. The test device according to claim 6, wherein sealing surfaces capable of sliding up and down are formed between the peripheral outer walls of the right-angle trapezoidal sealing gasket (8) and the peripheral inner walls of the upper docking bay.
8. The test device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the left and right ends of the base (2) are provided with an air inlet hole (12) and an air outlet hole (13), respectively;
and the air inlet hole (12) is connected with an air outlet of an external air source.
CN202011485669.6A 2020-12-16 2020-12-16 Outer culvert casing static, thermal and internal pressure load test device Active CN112504684B (en)

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CN113984361B (en) * 2021-10-26 2024-04-16 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 Engine casing internal pressure test device
CN113959860A (en) * 2021-12-20 2022-01-21 天津航天瑞莱科技有限公司 Thermal internal pressure test system for casing piece in pneumatic-hydraulic loading mode
CN115032083A (en) * 2022-08-09 2022-09-09 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 Internal pressure test device for aero-engine combustion chamber casing
CN115806058A (en) * 2023-02-01 2023-03-17 天津航天瑞莱科技有限公司 Thermal strength examination test device for aircraft conical cabin section joint

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