CN112504583A - Method for on-line checking tightness of negative pressure region of full-vacuum condensate pump - Google Patents
Method for on-line checking tightness of negative pressure region of full-vacuum condensate pump Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001363 water suppression through gradient tailored excitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
- G01M3/32—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators
- G01M3/3236—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators by monitoring the interior space of the containers
- G01M3/3272—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators by monitoring the interior space of the containers for verifying the internal pressure of closed containers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B51/00—Testing machines, pumps, or pumping installations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
- G01M3/32—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators
- G01M3/34—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators by testing the possibility of maintaining the vacuum in containers, e.g. in can-testing machines
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- Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an online tightness testing method for a negative pressure region of a full-vacuum condensate pump, which specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, checking the sealing tightness of the bearing packing of the condensate pump; secondly, checking the tightness of an inlet door of the condensate pump and an air pumping door of the pump body; and detecting the air flow direction in the two condensed water pump body vacuum pumping systems. The invention carries out pre-judgment through an online detection test without other equipment, thereby having no cost; the dynamic tightness of the system equipment can be scientifically judged through an online test, a decision basis is provided for the next step of carrying out maintenance work and making a repair scheme of the equipment, the possibility that air entering a working pump or a condenser is abnormal or even a unit is shut down due to blind operation and maintenance work is avoided, the unit is ensured to operate safely, stably and economically, and the power generation cost is saved while the reliability is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal power generation thermodynamic systems, in particular to a method for on-line checking tightness of a negative pressure region of a full-vacuum condensate pump.
Background
In a power generation enterprise power generation system, water pumps belong to the most huge and important auxiliary equipment, and various water pumps with different capacities are almost distributed in each link in the power generation production process. And if the through-flow area of the water pump enters air, the phenomena of output reduction and external characteristic disorder are inevitably caused, and the water pump accidents are relatively common and have relatively large influence on the operation safety of the whole system and even the whole unit. Especially for water pumps such as water supply pumps and condensate pumps, if an air inlet accident occurs, the water pumps may cause the unit to be abnormal or even not stop.
In a plurality of water pumps in the power generation production link, a condensate pump belongs to one of the most important auxiliary machines, a condensate system is one of the most important systems in the whole power generation production process, the stability of the flow and the pressure of condensate can directly influence important parameters such as the water level of a deaerator, the water level of a steam pocket and the like, and meanwhile, the safety of the important auxiliary machines such as the condensate pump, a water feeding pump and the like is threatened, so that the safety and the stability of the operation of the whole unit are very important. The condensate pump works in a negative pressure environment, the pump body is designed to be a full vacuum type, and the working condition is most special, so that the easiness, diversity and specificity of air inlet accidents are determined. If a large amount of air enters the flow area of the working pump and the condenser due to poor tightness of the negative pressure area of the condensate pump, the indexes of vacuum, dissolved oxygen and the like of the unit can be directly influenced, the running economy of the unit is reduced, even the unit is protected by low vacuum to stop running, the output of the running pump is reduced, the flow and the current greatly swing, the pump body and the pipeline violently vibrate and the like, and the external characteristics are deteriorated, so that equipment is damaged, and the unit stops running.
Because the condensate system is a full vacuum type system, the function of the condensate pump determines that the inlet system and the pump system are in a negative pressure state (about-80 kPa), and a pressure difference of about 180kPa exists between the inlet system and the pump system and the atmospheric environment pressure. The condensate pump system has the possibility of negative pressure state of an air leakage system due to a relatively complex vacuum pumping system, a sealing system and an exhaust system. Most thermal power plant's condensate pump configuration mode is 100% redundancy configuration, and the operation mode adopts one to move one and prepare the mode, but because two condensate pump's outlet system, entry system and the vacuum pumping system all communicate each other, in case a certain water pump takes place to leak the air and just probably causes two water pumps to stop the operation simultaneously, and then influences generating set's security and reliability. The statistical data shows that in the operation of the condensate pump system, cases of air leakage caused by sudden damage of equipment parts and further threatening the operation safety of the unit are not many, and on the contrary, the cases of abnormal damage of the equipment of the condensate system and even shutdown of the unit caused by normal operation in the normal operation of the unit account for the vast majority of the abnormal air leakage of the condensate pump. The air inlet abnormality of the condensate pump system is caused by the fact that the tightness of the condensate pump negative pressure system is not tested and detected and relevant operations are performed blindly. If before normal operation, the actual tightness of the system or the valve is judged through scientific, reliable, simple and feasible online tightness test of the negative pressure system, so that an accurate judgment basis is provided for next operation or maintenance, and the phenomenon of equipment damage or even unit shutdown accidents caused by operation can be greatly avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention discloses an online tightness inspection method for a negative pressure region of a full-vacuum condensate pump, which is mainly applied to a condensate pump system at the cold end of a condensing turbine and a steam extraction turbine thermodynamic system of a thermodynamic power station.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for on-line checking the tightness of the negative pressure region of the full-vacuum condensate pump specifically comprises the following steps:
step (1), checking the sealing tightness of the bearing packing of the condensate pump;
step (2), checking the tightness of an inlet door of a condensate pump and an air pumping door of a pump body;
and (3) detecting the air flow direction in the vacuum pumping systems of the pump bodies of the two condensate pumps.
Further, in the step (1), a mode of closing the bearing packing sealing water of the condensate pump is adopted, and whether the bearing packing sealing is good or not is judged by observing whether the inlet pressure of the condensate pump rises or not; if the inlet pressure rises, the sealing performance of the packing is not good, and if the inlet pressure is not changed, the sealing performance of the packing is good.
Further, in the step (2), the negative pressure of one condensate pump is destroyed, and the inlet pressure of the other condensate pump and the vacuum degree of a condenser of the unit are observed to judge the tightness of an inlet door of the condensate pump; if the pressure rises, the tightness of the condensate pump inlet door is poor, and if the pressure is not changed, the tightness of the condensate pump inlet door is good.
Further, in the step (2), the negative pressure is destroyed by any one of the following two ways:
firstly, opening and then closing a bearing filler sealing water gate of the condensate pump to destroy negative pressure;
and in the second mode, an air release door of a filter screen at the inlet of the condensate pump is opened slowly to destroy the negative pressure.
Further, in the step (3), opening a vacuum door of a pump body of the standby pump to establish a negative pressure state, and judging whether air of the standby pump enters the working pump or not through pressure change of an inlet of another working pump; if the inlet pressure of the working pump changes, the air of the standby pump can enter the working pump, and if the inlet pressure of the working pump does not change, the air of the standby pump cannot enter the working pump.
The invention has the advantages that the on-line detection test can be used for carrying out pre-judgment, other equipment is not needed, and the cost is saved; the dynamic tightness (the tightness can be changed along with the starting and stopping of the equipment and maintenance) of the system equipment can be scientifically judged through an online test, a decision basis is provided for the next step of carrying out maintenance work and making a repair scheme of the equipment, the possibility that air is fed into a working pump or a condenser to be abnormal or even a unit is shut down due to blind operation and maintenance work is avoided, the safe, stable and economic operation of the unit is guaranteed, the reliability is improved, and the power generation cost is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a condensate pump and its piping valve arrangement in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the actual changes in the inlet pressure and the vacuum level of two condensate pumps in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention discloses an online tightness testing method for a negative pressure region of a full-vacuum condensate pump, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) tightness for checking packing seal of condensate pump bearing
Judging whether the bearing packing is sealed well or not by adopting a mode of closing the bearing packing sealing water of the condensate pump and observing whether the inlet pressure of the condensate pump rises or not; if the inlet pressure rises, the sealing performance of the packing is not good, and if the inlet pressure is not changed, the sealing performance of the packing is good.
The structural principle of the condensate pump packing seal is as follows: after the pump set is installed, the packing gland bolt is adjusted to enable the packing to deform and increase the radial size, and the shaft sleeve and the packing cavity are respectively compressed on the inner side and the outer side of the packing, so that the sealing effect is achieved. Before the pump starts, start sealed water supply system, this sealed water has two effects: a. sealing the outside air from entering to maintain the vacuum in the pump; b. the good lubrication state of the filler is maintained.
(2) Checking tightness of condensate pump inlet door and pump body air extraction door
The negative pressure of one condensate pump is destroyed, and the inlet pressure of the other condensate pump and the vacuum degree of a condenser of the unit are observed to judge the tightness of an inlet door of the condensate pump; if the pressure rises, the tightness of the condensate pump inlet door is poor, and if the pressure is not changed, the tightness of the condensate pump inlet door is good.
The negative pressure can be destroyed by any one of the following two ways:
firstly, opening and then closing a bearing filler sealing water gate of the condensate pump to destroy negative pressure;
and in the second mode, an air release door of a filter screen at the inlet of the condensate pump is opened slowly to destroy the negative pressure.
(3) Detecting air flow direction in two condensate pump body vacuum pumping systems
Opening a vacuum door of a pump body of the standby pump to establish a negative pressure state, and judging whether air of the standby pump enters the working pump or not through pressure change of an inlet of another working pump; if the inlet pressure of the working pump changes, the air of the standby pump can enter the working pump, and if the inlet pressure of the working pump does not change, the air of the standby pump cannot enter the working pump.
Application example
The following specific technical scheme is described in combination with a tightness online test detection process of a condensate pump negative pressure system of a certain power generation enterprise as follows:
a condensate pump and a pipeline valve arrangement system thereof are shown in figure 1, and before a test, the unit normally operates, wherein the condensate pump A is standby, and the condensate pump B operates. Vacuum P of the unit0At-96.0 Kpa, A condensate pump inlet pressure P1B inlet pressure P of condensate pump2The same values were-77 Kpa. And (4) the condensate pump A is to be overhauled.
And (3) the tightness of the system equipment (comprising a condensate pump bearing mechanical sealing system, an air pumping system, an inlet filter screen, a valve and the like) of the negative pressure region of the condensate pump A is comprehensively checked on line, and basis and reference are provided for preventing, judging and processing air inlet abnormity of the condensate pump.
The process is divided into two stages, wherein the first stage is an A condensate pump system isolation stage, and the second stage is an A condensate pump system recovery stage. The three most important parameters that need to be monitored are: a inlet pressure P of condensate pump1B inlet pressure P of condensate pump2And the vacuum degree P of the unit0. The resulting change curve over the course of the experiment is shown in FIG. 2.
And (3) closing the condensate pump system of the isolation A, closing a pump inlet manual door nj141, an inlet electric door nj001, an outlet electric door nj003, an outlet electric door bypass door nj004, a pump body one-way nj147 for pumping air and a two-way manual door nj148, and then opening a negative pressure region for strict online detection test work.
(1) Tightness for checking packing seal of condensate pump bearing
Before closing the A condensate pump packing seal water supply door nj005, the inlet pressure P of the A condensate pump1To-77 Kpa, after closing the water supply gate, P was found1The slow rise to-66 KPa (point a in fig. 2) begins to indicate that the gap between the packing and the pump shaft is too large and the tightness of the packing seal itself is not good when the pump shaft is static, if the pump is usedThe sealing water is interrupted and air can enter the through-flow area of the pump from the shaft sleeve even when the pump is in a standby state. If the pump shaft runs, a large amount of water throwing occurs at the packing sealing position, so that the leakage amount is larger than the designed value, sealing water is wasted, and the sealing effect is influenced.
Because if the sealing water is interrupted, P is caused1The variation is shown in section ab of FIG. 2, during which process P2And P0Essentially no change occurred, two possibilities: firstly, an inlet door of a condensate pump A and an air pumping door of a pump body are very tight, and air does not enter a condensate pump B or a condenser through the condensate pump A; the other is that although air leakage does not exist strictly at the inlet door of the condensate pump A and the pump body air pumping door, the leakage amount is smaller than that at the sealing position of the condensate pump A, the change of vacuum is not influenced enough under the action of the air vacuum pump leaking into the condensate pump B and the condenser, the comprehensive result shows that P1 rises, P2 and P0 basically do not change, and P1 rises, which indicates that the sealing of the bearing filler of the condensate pump A is not good in tightness.
(2) Checking tightness of condensate pump inlet door and pump body air extraction door
Method 1
The supply of the packing seal water of the condensate pump a is resumed (as at point b in fig. 2), the connection between the flow area of the condensate pump a and the external atmosphere is cut off, the air inlet hazard is eliminated, and then, how the air which has just entered the flow area of the condensate pump a flows is observed.
The following are found: p1 remained at-66 Kpa for 20 minutes after the sealing water supply was resumed, as shown in the curve bc of fig. 2, while P2 and P0 remained substantially unchanged during this time, indicating that the air that had entered the a condensate pump flow area did not flow to the high negative pressure areas of the B condensate pump flow area and the condenser, i.e., indicating that the a condensate pump inlet door and the pump suction door were tight.
Method two
The method for opening the air vent door of the filter screen at the inlet of the condensate pump A is utilized to thoroughly destroy the negative pressure working condition of the condensate pump A, and whether air continuously enters the pipeline at the inlet of the condensate pump from the air vent door of the filter screen after the negative pressure is destroyed is observed.
After the filter screen is opened to vent air (as shown at point c in figure 2), the negative pressure at the inlet of the condensate pump A is completely destroyed in a few minutes, and P is1Rapidly increases from-66 Kpa to +3Kpa, and P is increased in the process1The variation curve is shown as a cd segment in fig. 2; subsequently, P was found1Remains substantially unchanged (as shown by the segment de in fig. 2). Under the condition that the negative pressure working condition is completely destroyed and the flow area of the condensate pump A is directly connected with the outside atmosphere, the air vent valve of the filter screen does not release air inwards any more, and simultaneously P is used for releasing air inwards2And P0There was still substantially no change, indicating that there was no leakage problem with the condensate pump inlet door and the pump suction door, again demonstrating the tight results of the condensate pump inlet door and the pump suction door.
After proving that the tightness of the condensate pump inlet door and the pump body air extraction door can be ensured, next-step overhaul personnel can confirm that the disintegration overhaul of the condensate pump A can not cause the abnormity of the condensate pump B or a unit vacuum system, and after the powerful judgment, the overhaul start is allowed to carry out the disintegration overhaul of the condensate pump A, and P in the whole overhaul process1Slightly increasing, the curve is shown in section ef in fig. 2.
(3) Detecting air flow direction in two condensate pump body vacuum pumping systems
After the vent valve of the filter screen is closed, the supply of the filler sealing water is recovered, at the moment, the flow area of the condensate pump A is completely isolated from the external atmosphere, the negative pressure working condition of the flow area of the condensate pump needs to be recovered, after the air pumping valve of the pump body of the condensate pump A (shown as a point f in figure 2) is slowly opened, the air remained in the pump body of the condensate pump A is rapidly pumped into the condenser, and P is the residual air in the pump body of the condensate pump A1Quickly drops from about +5Kpa to about-78 Kpa, the negative pressure of condensed water pump A is quickly formed, and P is formed in the process1The change curve is shown as fg in fig. 2, and the whole process of establishing the negative pressure state is normal.
In the process of establishing negative pressure of the condensate pump A, P0Because a large amount of air enters the condenser in a short time and then quickly returns to normal after short-time micro-drop.In this process P2There was no sign of rising all the time and it remained steady. At this time, the air pumping doors of the two pumps are both open, and as can be seen from fig. 1, the air pumping pipelines of the pump bodies of the two pumps are converged into a main pipe after the manual door to enter the condenser. That is, in normal operation, the pump suction doors of both condensate pumps are open, which determines that the negative pressure zones of both pumps are connected via the pump suction line. Then, whether the air in the spare condensate pump A enters a negative pressure area of the working condensate pump B or not while being pumped into the condenser is judged, and further the condensate pump B is caused to have abnormal air inlet; in the test, in P1While rapidly building up a negative pressure, P2There is no change to indicate that air in the a condensate pump does not enter the B condensate pump. Theoretical analysis also leads to the conclusion that, in relation to the junction of the two pump air lines, the vacuum on the condenser side is greater than the negative pressure in the flow area of the operating pump, so that the air from the backup pump will directly enter the condenser and will not return to the flow area of the operating pump.
The test proves that: although the vacuum-pumping pipelines of the two pumps are communicated, air entering from any pump cannot enter a negative pressure area of the other pump while being pumped into the condenser.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) the tightness of the condensate pump negative pressure system can be judged in advance, and abnormity or accidents caused by later operation are avoided;
2) the test principle is scientific and accurate, popular and easy to understand;
3) the test method does not need other equipment and personnel, and does not need specific test conditions;
4) the online detection test does not need any cost, and the operation can be completed by operators in the operation of the unit.
After the detection is carried out by adopting the device, the abnormal conditions of water pump cavitation, deaerator water level abnormity, vacuum abnormity and the like caused by air inlet of the condensate pump are avoided, and the safety and the reliability of unit operation are improved.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The method for on-line checking the tightness of the negative pressure region of the full-vacuum condensate pump is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1), checking the sealing tightness of the bearing packing of the condensate pump;
step (2), checking the tightness of an inlet door of a condensate pump and an air pumping door of a pump body;
and (3) detecting the air flow direction in the vacuum pumping systems of the pump bodies of the two condensate pumps.
2. The method for on-line checking the tightness of the negative pressure region of the full vacuum type condensate pump according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the sealing water of the bearing packing of the condensate pump is closed, and whether the sealing of the bearing packing is good or not is judged by observing whether the inlet pressure of the condensate pump is increased or not; if the inlet pressure rises, the sealing performance of the packing is not good, and if the inlet pressure is not changed, the sealing performance of the packing is good.
3. The method for on-line checking the tightness of the negative pressure region of the full vacuum type condensate pump according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the negative pressure of one of the condensate pumps is destroyed, and the tightness of the inlet door of the condensate pump is judged by observing the inlet pressure of the other condensate pump and the vacuum degree of a condenser of the unit; if the pressure rises, the tightness of the condensate pump inlet door is poor, and if the pressure is not changed, the tightness of the condensate pump inlet door is good.
4. The method for on-line checking the tightness of the negative pressure region of the full vacuum type condensate pump according to claim 3, wherein in the step (2), the negative pressure is broken by any one of the following two methods:
firstly, opening and then closing a bearing filler sealing water gate of the condensate pump to destroy negative pressure;
and in the second mode, an air release door of a filter screen at the inlet of the condensate pump is opened slowly to destroy the negative pressure.
5. The method for on-line checking the tightness of the negative pressure region of the full vacuum type condensate pump according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the vacuum door of the pump body of the backup pump is opened to establish a negative pressure state, and whether the air of the backup pump enters the working pump is judged according to the pressure change of the inlet of the other working pump; if the inlet pressure of the working pump changes, the air of the standby pump can enter the working pump, and if the inlet pressure of the working pump does not change, the air of the standby pump cannot enter the working pump.
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Application publication date: 20210316 |