CN112504041A - Method for reducing tunnel blasting excavation vibration speed in urban sensitive environment - Google Patents
Method for reducing tunnel blasting excavation vibration speed in urban sensitive environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112504041A CN112504041A CN202011386818.3A CN202011386818A CN112504041A CN 112504041 A CN112504041 A CN 112504041A CN 202011386818 A CN202011386818 A CN 202011386818A CN 112504041 A CN112504041 A CN 112504041A
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- tunnel
- pilot tunnel
- blasting
- urban
- vibration speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reducing tunnel blasting excavation vibration speed in a sensitive urban environment, which comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out explosion control tests on sections which are relatively far away from a sensitive building; step two: determining lining support parameters by adopting an upper CD construction method as an excavation construction method; step three: carrying out the CD pilot tunnel lining design on the III-IV grade surrounding rock, and determining pilot tunnel support parameters; step four: step-by-step implementation of the left pilot tunnel and the right pilot tunnel of the upper step; step five: arranging a middle pipe shed before excavation; step six: a plurality of peripheral eyes are uniformly arranged on the inner walls of the left pilot hole and the right pilot hole; step seven: single-hole and single-sound of the electronic detonator; step eight: controlling blasting footage; step nine: explosive is filled in the peripheral holes. The invention reduces the blasting vibration speed, reduces the damage to buildings (structures) and the influence of surrounding residents, and realizes 'noninductive blasting' and 'environment-friendly construction'.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel blasting control construction of adjacent sensitive buildings, in particular to a method for reducing tunnel blasting excavation vibration speed in an urban sensitive environment.
Background
The 21 st century is a century for the large development of underground spaces, the construction environment is more and more complex with the continuous expansion of the construction scale of urban underground spaces in China, and sensitive buildings with large sections and shallow buried underground excavated tunnels passing through the urban arterial road and adjacent to the periphery are more and more common. How to realize the fine blasting control of the hard rock section, furthest reduce the blasting vibration speed, reduce the influence on surrounding buildings (structures), reduce the influence on the daily life of surrounding residents, strive towards 'noninductive blasting', improve the blasting excavation quality of the tunnel, increase the self-stability of surrounding rocks, reduce various risks in the tunnel construction process, have fewer referenced domestic and foreign engineering cases, and are worth further deep research.
The traditional controlled blasting is mainly characterized by increasing the number of blast holes, more blast holes, less powder charge, separated hole powder charge and segmented initiation; at present, the digital electronic detonator is adopted to replace the detonator with the detonating tube more advanced, so that the blasting vibration is reduced. Although the prior art can reduce the blasting vibration speed to about 0.8-1.0 cm/s, the safe allowable vibration speed value of a common civil building is satisfied: when the dominant frequency is 10-50 Hz, the safe allowable vibration speed is 2.0-2.5 cm/s, but the main frequency still has certain influence on the daily life of adjacent sensitive buildings and surrounding residents, brings more resident complaints, is not beneficial to the progress of engineering construction, and does not achieve the green engineering environmental protection concept.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for reducing tunnel blasting excavation vibration speed in an urban sensitive environment, and solves the problems that blasting vibration speed is high, damage is caused to buildings (structures), surrounding residents are influenced, and surrounding rocks are damaged.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a method for reducing tunnel blasting excavation vibration speed in an urban sensitive environment, which comprises the following steps:
carrying out an explosion control test on a section which is relatively far away from a sensitive building, simulating construction conditions of adjacent sensitive buildings, collecting test section data, and determining a specific construction scheme after safety evaluation of the sensitive building;
step two: determining lining support parameters by adopting an upper CD construction method as an excavation construction method;
step three: performing III-IV grade CD pilot tunnel lining design on the surrounding rock according to the lining support parameters determined in the step two, and determining pilot tunnel support parameters;
step four: implementing an upper step of a left pilot tunnel and a right pilot tunnel step by step, wherein an urban gate opening type advanced pilot tunnel is respectively arranged in the left pilot tunnel and the right pilot tunnel, and a hollow vibration reduction hole is arranged in the middle of the urban gate opening type advanced pilot tunnel;
step five: before excavation, a middle pipe shed is arranged, and grouting is not performed on an empty pipe;
step six: a plurality of peripheral eyes are uniformly arranged on the inner walls of the left pilot hole and the right pilot hole;
step seven: installing electronic detonators in the peripheral holes, each peripheral hole being provided with an electronic detonator;
step eight: controlling a blasting advance ruler, continuously advancing the urban door opening type advance pilot hole for 2 times, and then carrying out one-time coping, wherein the total advance ruler is no more than 4 steel frames;
step nine: and filling explosive in the peripheral holes.
Further, in the third step, the pilot tunnel lining includes just building, the outside of just building evenly is provided with a plurality of cavity slip casting stock, the inboard of just building is provided with and struts and secondary lining, secondary lining's inside is provided with the road surface, cavity slip casting stock adopts the quincunx to arrange.
And furthermore, the pavement is sequentially provided with an asphalt surface layer, a cement concrete pavement slab, a pavement base layer, a concrete inverted arch backfill layer and a reinforced concrete inverted arch from top to bottom, wherein the reinforced concrete inverted arch is built by adopting I-shaped steel and is sprayed with concrete on the surface.
Still further, the top on road surface is provided with temporary support, temporary support sets up to the font structure of falling T, temporary support's center is located the lining cutting central line, temporary support's upper portion and left and right sides both ends all are connected with just propping up the bow member, temporary support's upper portion is provided with the cartridge stock, the cartridge stock adopts the quincunx to arrange.
Still further, in the fourth step, the hole depth of the hollow vibration reduction hole is the same as the length of the pipe shed.
Still further, in the sixth step, the pitch of the peripheral holes is not more than 40 cm.
Furthermore, in the ninth step, the loading amount of the single hole is controlled to not more than 1.2 kg.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the invention adopts the CD excavation method on the hard rock section of the adjacent sensitive building, the step-by-step implementation of the left pilot tunnel and the right pilot tunnel on the upper step, the construction methods of arranging the advanced pilot tunnel in the left pilot tunnel and the right pilot tunnel, damping the vibration of an advanced middle pipe shed, arranging damping holes, encrypting peripheral holes, single-hole and single-ringing of an electronic detonator, controlling the blasting footage and controlling the single-hole charging amount, greatly reduces the blasting vibration speed, greatly reduces the damage to the building (structure) and the influence of peripheral residents, and realizes 'noninductive blasting' and 'green environment-friendly construction'; blasting vibration is greatly reduced, damage to surrounding rocks around the blasting is reduced, smooth blasting quality and self-supporting capacity of the surrounding rocks after blasting are further improved, the possibility that local surrounding rocks at the vault of the tunnel fall into blocks is reduced, and the safety of the tunnel excavation operation environment is improved; the delay time of the electronic detonator is shortened, the double detonators are arranged in the holes of the bottom plate, blind shots are reduced, the rate of detonation of the electronic detonator is reduced, and the safety use degree is improved; and the fine automatic blasting vibration monitoring provides guidance for blasting control.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated in the following description with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the tunnel construction and adjacent building location of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a design view of the lining support of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a pavement structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a pilot tunnel support design according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a drill-and-burst layout of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a layout diagram of the vibration monitoring points for blasting of the left pilot tunnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a layout diagram of the blasting vibration monitoring points of the right pilot tunnel according to the invention;
description of reference numerals: 1. a left pilot hole; 2. a right pilot hole; 3. leading a pilot tunnel of an urban gate; 301. a hollow damping hole; 4. peripheral eyes; 5. secondary lining; 6. supporting; 7. building for the first time; 8. a hollow grouting anchor rod; 9. a pavement; 10. temporary support; 11. a cartridge anchor rod; 12. a fifth monitoring point; 13. a first monitoring point; 14. a second monitoring point; 15. a third monitoring point; 16. and a fourth monitoring point.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-7, a method for reducing vibration speed of tunnel blasting excavation in an urban sensitive environment comprises the following steps:
carrying out an explosion control test on a section which is relatively far away from a sensitive building, simulating construction conditions of adjacent sensitive buildings, collecting test section data, and determining a specific construction scheme after safety evaluation of the sensitive building;
step two: determining lining support parameters by adopting an upper CD construction method as an excavation construction method; the specific parameters are as follows: the arch part D25 hollow grouting anchor rod @60 multiplied by 120cm, 28cmC25 concrete spraying, phi 8 reinforcing mesh @20 multiplied by 20cm, 20b I-shaped steel @60cm, phi 8 reinforcing mesh @20 multiplied by 20cm and 50cmC50 reinforcing concrete lining; 28cmC25 concrete spraying of an inverted arch, 20b I-steel @60cm and 55cmC50 reinforced concrete inverted arch;
step three: performing III-IV grade CD pilot tunnel lining design on the surrounding rock according to the lining support parameters determined in the step two, and determining pilot tunnel support parameters;
step four: the upper step of the left pilot tunnel 1 and the right pilot tunnel 2 is implemented step by step, the left pilot tunnel 1 and the right pilot tunnel 2 are respectively provided with an urban door opening type advanced pilot tunnel 3 with the width multiplied by the height of 4.5 m, the middle part of the urban door opening type advanced pilot tunnel 3 is provided with two rows of phi 100 hollow vibration reduction holes 301, the layer distance is 0.3m, the row distance is 0.5m, and the hole depth is the same as the length of a pipe shed;
step five: before excavation, a middle pipe shed is arranged, and an empty pipe is not grouted, so that the advanced support and vibration reduction effects are considered;
step six: a plurality of peripheral holes 4 are uniformly distributed on the inner walls of the left pilot hole 1 and the right pilot hole 2, and the spacing between the peripheral holes 4 is not more than 40 cm;
step seven: installing electronic detonators in the peripheral holes 4, and installing electronic detonators in each peripheral hole 4;
step eight: controlling blasting advance, continuously advancing the tunnel-type advanced pilot tunnel 3 for 2 times, and then carrying out primary coping, wherein the total advance is no more than 4 steel frames;
step nine: filling explosives in the peripheral holes 4, and controlling the loading of single holes to not more than 1.2 kg; the delay time of the electronic detonator is shortened, the double detonators are arranged in the bottom plate hole, blind shots are reduced, the rate of detonation of the electronic detonator is reduced, and the safety use degree is improved.
Specifically, in the first step, the distance D1 between the adjacent building and the tunnel is 6m, D2 is 22m, D3 is 12m, D4 is 20.1m, D5 is 23.8m, and the minimum distance is only 6 m.
In the third step, the pilot tunnel lining comprises a primary building 7, a plurality of hollow grouting anchor rods 8 are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the primary building 7, a support 6 and a secondary lining 5 are arranged on the inner side of the primary building 7, a pavement 9 is arranged inside the secondary lining 5, the hollow grouting anchor rods 8 are D25 anticorrosion hollow grouting anchor rods, the length is 350cm, the longitudinal and circumferential intervals are 60 (longitudinal) by 120 (rings), and the hollow grouting anchor rods are arranged in a quincunx shape; the preliminary building 7 is built by adopting reinforcing steel bars with the diameter of 8cm and the interval of 20 x 20cm to form a reinforcing steel bar mesh, and C25 sprayed with the thickness of 28cm is sprayed on the reinforcing steel bar mesh; the support 6 is formed by combining 20b I-steel bars with the setting interval of 60cm to form a support main frame, then reinforcing steel bars with the diameter of 8cm and the interval of 20 x 20cm are used for building a reinforcing steel bar net, and a composite waterproof layer is coated on the reinforcing steel bar net; the secondary lining 5 is C50 reinforced concrete sprayed on the inner side of the support 6 with the thickness of 50 cm.
The pavement 9 is sequentially provided with an asphalt surface layer 91, a cement concrete pavement slab 92, a pavement base 93, a concrete inverted arch backfill layer 94 and a reinforced concrete inverted arch 95 from top to bottom, the reinforced concrete inverted arch 95 is built by 20b I-shaped steel, the distance is set to be 60cm, and the surface is provided with 28cm thick C25 sprayed concrete; the asphalt surface layer 91 is set to be 10cm, the cement concrete pavement slab 92 is set to be 26cm, the pavement base 93 is set to be 20cm, the concrete inverted arch backfill layer 94 is backfilled by adopting a C15 concrete inverted arch, the reinforced concrete inverted arch 95 is a C50 reinforced concrete inverted arch, and the size of the reinforced concrete inverted arch is set to be 55 cm.
A temporary support 10 is arranged above the pavement 9, the temporary support 10 is of an inverted T-shaped structure, the center of the temporary support 10 is located on a lining central line, the upper part and the left and right ends of the temporary support 10 are connected with a primary support arch center, the temporary support is I20b I-shaped steel @60cm, a phi 6.5 reinforcing mesh (20 x 20cm) is built around the I-shaped steel, and C25 with the thickness of 22cm is sprayed to spray concrete; the upper portion of interim support 10 is provided with cartridge anchor rod 11, cartridge anchor rod 11's length is 200cm, and vertical, hoop interval are 60 x 120cm, adopt the quincunx to arrange.
The method comprises the following steps of completing tunnel controlled blasting construction of the adjacent sensitive building, simulating construction conditions of the adjacent sensitive building in a blasting-measuring-blasting-controlling test section, arranging automatic blasting monitoring points along a line 6m on the building side, and collecting test section data at 10m positions; the outer side of the left pilot tunnel 1 is provided with a fifth monitoring point 12, the outer side of the right pilot tunnel 2 is provided with a first monitoring point 13, a second monitoring point 14, a third monitoring point 15 and a fourth monitoring point 16 at equal intervals, through data sample plate analysis, the blasting vibration speed of 90% blasting monitoring points is far less than the standard value of 2.0cm/s at 0.3cm/s, and the influence on surrounding buildings is little.
The invention reduces the blasting vibration speed to the utmost extent, reduces the damage to buildings (structures) and the influence of surrounding residents, and realizes 'noninductive blasting' and 'green environment-friendly construction'; the blasting vibration is reduced, the damage to surrounding rocks is reduced, the smooth blasting quality and the self-supporting capacity of the surrounding rocks after blasting are improved, the surrounding rocks around the tunnel are not damaged or are less damaged, and the blocks are not easy to fall or collapse.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for reducing tunnel blasting excavation vibration speed in an urban sensitive environment is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
carrying out an explosion control test on a section which is relatively far away from a sensitive building, simulating construction conditions of adjacent sensitive buildings, collecting test section data, and determining a specific construction scheme after safety evaluation of the sensitive building;
step two: determining lining support parameters by adopting an upper CD construction method as an excavation construction method;
step three: performing III-IV grade CD pilot tunnel lining design on the surrounding rock according to the lining support parameters determined in the step two, and determining pilot tunnel support parameters;
step four: the upper step of the left pilot tunnel (1) and the right pilot tunnel (2) are implemented step by step, an urban cave type advanced pilot tunnel (3) is respectively arranged in the left pilot tunnel (1) and the right pilot tunnel (2), and a hollow vibration reduction hole (301) is arranged in the middle of the urban cave type advanced pilot tunnel (3);
step five: before excavation, a middle pipe shed is arranged, and grouting is not performed on an empty pipe;
step six: a plurality of peripheral eyes (4) are uniformly arranged on the inner walls of the left pilot tunnel (1) and the right pilot tunnel (2);
step seven: installing electronic detonators in the peripheral eyes (4), each peripheral eye (4) being provided with an electronic detonator therein;
step eight: controlling blasting advance, continuously advancing the tunnel-type advanced pilot tunnel (3) for 2 times, and then carrying out primary coping, wherein the total advance is no more than 4 steel frames;
step nine: and filling explosive in the peripheral holes (4).
2. The method for reducing tunnel blasting excavation vibration speed in the urban sensitive environment according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the pilot tunnel lining includes just building (7), the outside of just building (7) evenly is provided with a plurality of cavity slip casting stock (8), the inboard of just building (7) is provided with supports (6) and secondary lining (5), the inside of secondary lining (5) is provided with road surface (9), cavity slip casting stock (8) adopt the quincunx to arrange.
3. The method for reducing the vibration speed of tunnel blasting excavation in the urban sensitive environment according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the pavement (9) is sequentially provided with an asphalt surface layer (91), a cement concrete pavement slab (92), a pavement base layer (93), a concrete inverted arch backfill layer (94) and a reinforced concrete inverted arch (95) from top to bottom, wherein the reinforced concrete inverted arch (95) is built by adopting I-shaped steel and concrete is sprayed on the surface.
4. The method for reducing the vibration speed of tunnel blasting excavation in the urban sensitive environment according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the top on road surface (9) is provided with temporary support (10), temporary support (10) set up to the font structure of falling T, the center of temporary support (10) is located the lining cutting central line, the upper portion of temporary support (10) and control both ends all with just prop up the bow member and be connected, the upper portion of temporary support (10) is provided with cartridge anchor rod (11), cartridge anchor rod (11) adopt the quincunx to arrange.
5. The method for reducing tunnel blasting excavation vibration speed in the urban sensitive environment according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, the hole depth of the hollow vibration reduction hole (301) is the same as the length of the pipe shed.
6. The method for reducing tunnel blasting excavation vibration speed in the urban sensitive environment according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the sixth step, the distance between the peripheral holes (4) is no more than 40 cm.
7. The method for reducing tunnel blasting excavation vibration speed in the urban sensitive environment according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the ninth step, the single-hole loading amount is controlled to not more than 1.2 kg.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011386818.3A CN112504041B (en) | 2020-12-01 | 2020-12-01 | Method for reducing tunnel blasting excavation vibration speed in urban sensitive environment |
| PCT/CN2021/126725 WO2022116749A1 (en) | 2020-12-01 | 2021-10-27 | Method for reducing vibration speed in tunnel blasting excavation in sensitive urban environment |
| KR1020227032681A KR20220140899A (en) | 2020-12-01 | 2021-10-27 | How to Reduce the Vibration Rate of Tunnel Blasting Excavation in Sensitive Urban Environments |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011386818.3A CN112504041B (en) | 2020-12-01 | 2020-12-01 | Method for reducing tunnel blasting excavation vibration speed in urban sensitive environment |
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| CN112504041A true CN112504041A (en) | 2021-03-16 |
| CN112504041B CN112504041B (en) | 2022-06-24 |
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| CN202011386818.3A Active CN112504041B (en) | 2020-12-01 | 2020-12-01 | Method for reducing tunnel blasting excavation vibration speed in urban sensitive environment |
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| KR (1) | KR20220140899A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN112504041B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022116749A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114152159A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-08 | 中国葛洲坝集团国际工程有限公司 | Full-section synchronous blasting tunneling construction method for side wall on reserved side of large-section tunnel crown arch |
| WO2022116749A1 (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-06-09 | 中铁十八局集团第一工程有限公司 | Method for reducing vibration speed in tunnel blasting excavation in sensitive urban environment |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112504041B (en) | 2022-06-24 |
| WO2022116749A1 (en) | 2022-06-09 |
| KR20220140899A (en) | 2022-10-18 |
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