CN112503210A - Four-way valve and industrial furnace thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a four-way valve and an industrial kiln thereof, wherein the four-way valve comprises a valve body, a ventilation opening and a swinging blade, the valve body comprises a side surface, an upper cover and a lower cover, the ventilation opening is circumferentially arranged on the side surface, the swinging blade comprises a swinging blade shaft and a swinging blade plate, the swinging blade shaft is pivoted in the valve body, and at least one end of the swinging blade plate is provided with a wind shielding part which is used for covering the ventilation area of the ventilation opening in the rotating process of the swinging blade plate. The invention has the advantages of small volume, impact resistance, leakage resistance, noise resistance, jamming resistance, high temperature resistance, high speed, stable work, low failure rate and the like, and is low in production and installation cost, few in actuating mechanism, long in service life and convenient to popularize and apply.

Description

Four-way valve and industrial furnace thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of machinery and thermal power engineering, and particularly relates to a rapid special valve which is small in size, impact-resistant, leakage-resistant, noise-resistant, anti-blocking, and high-temperature-resistant, and an energy-saving industrial furnace using the valve.

Background

In industrial furnaces, in order to reduce pollution and energy consumption, a plurality of industrial furnaces adopt a heat accumulating type waste heat recovery system. The heat accumulating type waste heat recovery system must adopt an air blower, an induced draft fan and at least two heat accumulating boxes, in order to leave the waste heat in the tail gas and then return the waste heat to the hearth, the two heat accumulating boxes are used for alternately accumulating heat (remaining the waste heat) and releasing heat (returning the waste heat to the hearth), and therefore a valve or a valve group with the same function must be arranged between the air blower, the induced draft fan and the two heat accumulating boxes to complete the function of alternately converting the air flow. Currently, four-way valves are commonly used to accomplish this function.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the regenerative waste heat recovery system using the conventional four-way valve, the flap of the four-way valve is required to be frequently rotated between two working positions when the air flow is reversed, and the flap frame 14 are sealed when the working position is reached. As shown in fig. 10, the four-way valve in the regenerative waste heat recovery system needs to be installed between two regenerative tanks. It has the following problems:

first, the problem of volume. Because the flow field in the hearth is required to meet the requirements of safe, energy-saving and environment-friendly operation of a combustion system, more convenience in maintenance and the like, the distance between the two heat storage tanks is usually narrow and is less than 800 in most cases. The four-way valve cannot be installed according to the scheme of fig. 10 if the volume of the four-way valve is not small enough, and the four-way valve can be installed in another place only by greatly increasing the length of a pipeline between the four-way valve and the heat storage tank. The four-way valve mounting scheme of fig. 10 is therefore the best mounting scheme, requiring the four-way valve to be sufficiently small. In the scheme, the length of a pipeline between the four-way valve and the two heat storage boxes connected with the four-way valve is shortest, and the volume of flue gas needing to flow back to the hearth is smallest when the four-way valve is switched. The backflow flue gas is lack of combustion-supporting oxygen, and the backflow flue gas has the minimum adverse effect on fuel combustion in the hearth.

Secondly, the problem of impact. Taking the four-way valve in fig. 1 as an example for a heat accumulating type waste heat recovery system, in the process of switching the swing blade plate between the first working position 43 and the second working position 44, as shown in fig. 3, in the transition time of air flow switching (the swing blade plate is positioned in a certain range near the vertical position), the air blower (the first vent 21) and the induced draft fan (the third vent 23) are directly communicated, the induced draft fan cannot suck flue gas of a hearth, and air blown by the air blower does not enter the hearth and is directly discharged to the induced draft fan, so that the air volume passing through the air blower and the induced draft fan is sharply increased greatly, the current of the air blower and the motor of the induced draft fan is suddenly increased, and the motor is shut down or even; on the other hand, if the prior art four-way valve disclosed in patent 2019208110031 is used, the airflow channels connected with the blower and the induced draft fan are completely cut off in the switching process, and the blown air and the airflow entering the main flue are both zero, which can cause the current of the fan to be suddenly and greatly reduced. At the moment, the four-way valve does not allow the smoke to be discharged, the smoke generated by primary air in the hearth is not discharged through a passage, the pressure balance of the hearth is damaged, the pressure of the hearth is increased, and the smoke is extruded from a gap of a furnace door to a workshop to pollute the working environment. This is not allowed by production safety and environmental regulations.

The airflow which is greatly increased or the airflow which is suddenly changed to zero flows into the main smoke exhaust pipeline, so that the pressure of the main smoke exhaust pipeline is greatly increased or reduced, the pressure of the main smoke exhaust pipeline is greatly fluctuated, airflow multiplication of certain low-pressure equipment is caused, the low-pressure equipment is greatly reduced and even flows backwards, and the balance working state of side equipment (including other heat accumulating type combustion systems of working furnaces) and subsequent environment-friendly equipment is seriously influenced.

Thirdly, the problem of reversing speed. The four-way valve of fig. 1 is taken as an example, and the movement of the first louver plate 32 is explained. During the switching of the louver 30 between the first operating position 43 and the second operating position 44, the transition time for the switching of the air flow starts when the side edge of the first louver 32 passes by the leftmost point of the first vent 21 and ends when the side edge passes by the rightmost point of the first vent 21. This time, too long, shortens the effective run time of the system and increases the severity of the fan stroke.

Fourthly, the sealing technology is imperfect. The existing sealing technology has two types: the first is to add a door frame, and a spring plate is added between the swing blade plate and the door frame to play a sealing role, such as a four-way valve with the application number of 2017103157145. However, the spring plate will rapidly fatigue and break under frequent deformation, and lose its sealing function. The second one is rubber sealing, but because the rubber is not high temperature resistant, the best imported high temperature rubber is not higher than 220 ℃. In the field of thermal technology, particularly industrial furnaces and kilns, the temperature of more than 90% of occasions can exceed 220 ℃, even high-temperature rubber cannot adapt to a heat accumulating type waste heat recovery system, and sealing rubber loses sealing effect quickly due to overtemperature softening or complete burning. Especially when the machining precision of the four-way valve is not high enough, the seam between the swing blade plate and the door frame is large, and the size of the seam between the two working positions is greatly different. When the seal spring plate or the seal rubber is damaged, a large amount of gas leaks, as shown in fig. 2, and the leakage amount of the two working positions is different, so that the system is unbalanced between the two working states of the first working position 43 and the second working position 44, and further, the energy consumption of the system is greatly increased.

Fifthly, the noise is large. When the sealing spring sheet or the sealing rubber is damaged, the swinging blade plate can frequently knock the door frame to generate larger noise, so that the noise of the system site exceeds the environmental protection standard.

Sixthly, the foreign body is stuck and blocked. The blocking is that when a matter block carelessly enters an inner cavity of the four-way valve, a smaller matter block possibly enters a gap between the swing blade and the valve body, so that the swing blade is blocked and cannot rotate. The card hinders when the big thing piece card is between pendulum lamina tecti and the door frame for the card, and the pendulum lamina tecti can't reach the work position, has enlarged the unbalance of two work position states, has aggravated the difference of letting out leakage quantity, further worsens system operating condition.

As described above, the large leakage amount and the large difference in leakage amount cause the imbalance of the system, which results in not only the increase of the fuel consumption of the system, but also the increase of the power consumption of the blower and the induced draft fan of the heat accumulating type waste heat recovery system, and the increase of the noise.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a four-way valve and an industrial kiln thereof, so that the problems of impact resistance, leakage resistance, noise resistance, jamming resistance and high temperature resistance are solved.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention firstly discloses a four-way valve, which comprises a valve body, a ventilation opening and a swing blade, wherein the valve body comprises a side surface, an upper cover and a lower cover, the ventilation opening is circumferentially arranged on the side surface, the swing blade comprises a swing blade shaft and a swing blade plate fixedly connected to the swing blade shaft, the swing blade shaft is pivoted in the valve body, and at least one end of the swing blade plate is provided with a wind shielding part which is used for covering the ventilation area of the ventilation opening when the swing blade plate rotates. When the air flow is straight, the area of an air flow passage between the first vent and the third vent is greatly reduced through the wind shielding part, and the impact on a fan motor and the influence on other related equipment are avoided.

Further, the wind shielding member is arranged to shield the area of the vent from 25% to 85% of the area of the corresponding vent when the wind shielding member is in the position where the shielding area is the largest.

Further, the wind shielding part is a side wing piece arranged on the side edge of the swing blade plate opposite to the side surface, the length of the side wing piece is the same as that of the side edge of the swing blade plate, and the distance between the side wing piece and the side surface is not more than 2 mm. The transition time of air flow switching subtracts the time of the side edge of the swinging blade sweeping the width of the side blade, so that the air flow switching speed is increased, the effective operation time of the system is increased, and the effect of reducing the impact of the fan is superposed.

Further, the side wing pieces are arc wing pieces matched with the side faces in shape, and the arc wing pieces extend towards at least one side of the blade swinging plate.

Furthermore, the size of the side wing panel is set to cover the ventilation area of part of the ventilation opening in the rotating process, so that the direct area of airflow between the two ventilation openings is reduced, and the impact on the fan motor is avoided.

Further, the upper side of the swing blade plate and the upper cover form a gap relatively, the side of the swing blade plate opposite to the upper cover is provided with an upper fin for increasing the width of the gap, and/or the lower side of the swing blade plate and the lower cover form a gap relatively, and the side of the swing blade plate opposite to the lower cover is provided with a lower fin for increasing the width of the gap, so that the amount of gas leakage can be further reduced.

Furthermore, the length of the upper wing piece and the length of the lower wing piece are the same as the length of the corresponding edge of the swing blade plate, the width of the upper wing piece and the lower wing piece is 1.2-35 times of the thickness of the swing blade plate, and the distance between the upper wing piece and the upper cover and the distance between the lower wing piece and the lower cover are not more than 2 mm.

Further, the bottom surface of the vent is lower than the inner wall surface of the lower cover of the valve body.

Furthermore, the bottom surface of the vent is 1-30 mm lower than the lower cover, and the bottom surface of the vent is in smooth transition connection with the lower cover, so that foreign matters can automatically fall into the bottom surface of the vent in the swinging process of the swinging blade of the four-way valve, and the swinging blade is prevented from being blocked by the foreign matters entering a gap.

Furthermore, the side surface and/or the upper cover and/or the lower cover between the adjacent air vents are/is provided with a grease adding hole communicated into the valve body, grease for lubrication and sealing is added into a gap between the side wing and/or the upper wing and/or the lower wing and the valve body, certain intermolecular attraction exists between molecules of the grease and metal molecules of the valve body and the side wing, and after the gap is filled with the grease, the side wing is wide enough, so that the lubricating effect is achieved, and the gap is blocked due to the intermolecular attraction.

Then, the invention discloses an industrial kiln, which comprises the four-way valve in any scheme, and further comprises a hearth, an air blower, an induced draft fan, a first heat storage box and a second heat storage box, wherein the wall of the hearth is provided with at least two airflow channels penetrating into the hearth; the two airflow channels are respectively communicated with the first heat storage tank and the second heat storage tank; and the air blower, the first heat storage box, the draught fan and the second heat storage box are respectively communicated with four ventilation openings of the four-way valve.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

on the basis of the technical advantages of the existing four-way valve, the problems of size, impact resistance, leakage resistance, noise resistance, blocking resistance and high temperature resistance are solved at one time, and all the advantages of all technical schemes capable of completing air flow switching in the field are realized in a centralized manner; the invention has the advantages of impact resistance, leakage resistance, noise resistance, jamming resistance, high temperature resistance, stable work, small volume and the like, and is low in production and installation cost, few in actuating mechanism, low in failure rate, long in service life and convenient to popularize and apply.

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art four-way valve;

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the leakage of the air flow in a prior art four-way valve;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cause of fan surge generated by a four-way valve in the prior art;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a four-way valve according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic view of an air flow leakage condition of a four-way valve according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a grease leakage prevention principle of a four-way valve according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is partially enlarged;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a four-way valve according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention for preventing foreign objects from being stuck;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a four-way valve covering a vent to prevent impact according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the upper or lower flap of the four-way valve disclosed in the first preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a disclosed industrial furnace according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a four-way valve disclosed in the second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a four-way valve disclosed in the third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a four-way valve disclosed in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Illustration of the drawings:

1. a valve body; 11. a side surface; 12. an upper cover; 13. a lower cover; 14. a swing leaf door frame; 141. a first door frame; 142. a second door frame; 143. a third door frame; 144. a fourth door frame; 15. a cylinder; 16. grease;

2. a vent; 21. a first ventilation opening; 22. a second air vent; 23. a third air vent; 24. a vent hole IV; 25. a vent bottom surface;

3. swinging the leaves; 30. a blade swinging plate; 31. swinging the blade shaft; 32. a first swing blade plate; 33. a second swing blade plate; 34. a first side flap; 35. a second side flap panel; 36. a side flap panel; 37. an upper wing panel; 38. a lower wing panel;

4. an inner cavity of the valve body; 41. a first space; 42. a second space; 43. a first working position; 44. a second working position;

5. a second heat storage tank;

6. a hearth;

7. an induced draft fan;

8. a first heat storage tank;

9. a four-way valve;

10. a blower.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 4 and 8, the embodiment of the present invention first discloses a four-way valve, which is similar to the main structure of the existing four-way valve in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 2019208110031, and comprises a valve body 1, a vent 2 and a swing vane 3, wherein the valve body 1 is composed of an upper cover 12, a side surface 11, a lower cover 13 and a swing vane door frame 14. The vent 2 comprises a vent I21, a vent II 22, a vent III 23 and a vent IV 24 which are distributed in four directions on the periphery of the side surface 11 of the valve body 1 and are communicated with the valve body inner cavity 4 of the valve body 1. The swing blade 3 comprises a swing blade shaft 31 and a swing blade plate 30, the swing blade plate 30 comprises a first swing blade plate 32 and a second swing blade plate 33 which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the swing blade shaft 31, the swing blade 3 has two working positions, the first swing blade plate 32 and the second swing blade plate 33 comprise a first working position 43 and a second working position 44, the swing blade shaft 31 is driven by a cylinder 15 arranged on the upper cover 12, and then the first swing blade plate 32 and the second swing blade plate 33 on two sides are driven to rotate together, so that the swing blade 3 can be switched back and forth between the first working position 43 and the second working position 44.

Specifically, referring to fig. 4, the swing blade 3 divides the valve body cavity 4 of the valve body 1 into two spaces: space one 41 and space two 42; the area of the first space 41 and the second space 42 changes as the swing blade 3 swings back and forth between the two operating positions. When the swing blade 3 is at the first working position 43, the first space 41 is located on the right side of the swing blade 3 and is communicated with the first ventilation opening 21 and the second ventilation opening 22, the second space 42 is located on the left side of the swing blade 3 and is communicated with the third ventilation opening 23 and the fourth ventilation opening 24. When the swing blade 3 is located at the second working position 44, the first space 41 is located on the left side of the swing blade 3 and is communicated with the first ventilation opening 21 and the fourth ventilation opening 24, and the second space 42 is located on the right side of the swing blade 3 and is communicated with the third ventilation opening 23 and the second ventilation opening 22. The first flap 32 and the second flap 33 have three sides in the first operating position 43 or the second operating position 44, which abut against the valve body 1: the upper edge, the side edge and the bottom edge are respectively butted with the upper cover 12, the side surface 11 and the lower cover 13 of the valve body 1 and form a gap (seam). The relative distance between the surfaces of the flap 3 and the valve body 1 forming the gap (seam) is referred to as the size of the gap (seam).

Specifically to the valve body size, take vent 2 size as DN 350's prior art cross valve as an example, two adjacent vents 2 and valve body side intersection shortest distance can be designed as 40mm, valve body inner chamber 4 circumference is about 367 x 4+40 x 4 ═ 1628mm, the diameter is 518mm, add wall thickness and vent 2 transition size, flange, the size can be controlled within 600mm, satisfy the requirement of the best installation scheme when the heat accumulation case interval is less than 800mm completely. If the four-way valve of DN350 is designed according to patent 2019208110031, the circumferential length of the inner cavity 4 of the valve body is about: 367 x 4+ (367+40) × 4-3096 mm, 985mm diameter, at least 1.9 times the size of the present technology. The requirement of the optimal installation position of the four-way valve 9 of most heat accumulation combustion systems on the volume cannot be met.

Further, during the process of switching the four-way valve swing vane 3 between the first working position 43 and the second working position 44, the side edge of the swing vane plate 30 of the four-way valve swing vane necessarily passes through two opposite ventilation openings in the ventilation opening 2, the clockwise switching position of the swing vane in fig. 1 passes through the ventilation opening one 21 and the ventilation opening three 23, and the counterclockwise switching position passes through the ventilation opening two 22 and the ventilation opening four 24, as shown in fig. 3. On the one hand, the four-way valve of the prior art implemented according to fig. 3 is used in the system of fig. 10, the first vent 21 is connected with the blower 10, the second vent 22 is connected with the second heat storage tank 5, the third vent 23 is connected with the induced draft fan 7, and the fourth vent 24 is connected with the first heat storage tank 8. When the position is changed clockwise, the first air vent 21 is directly communicated with the third air vent 23, and the airflow between the first air vent 21 and the third air vent 23 can be in a direct communication state by virtue of the second air vent 22 and the fourth air vent 24 when the position is changed anticlockwise. The state can lead to that the blower 10 and the draught fan 7 are not directly communicated in a blocking mode, the air quantity passing through the blower 10 and the draught fan 7 is rapidly increased in multiples, and the current of the blower 10 and the draught fan 7 is rapidly increased in multiples and exceeds the limit, so that the system is alarmed to shut down or even burns out a fan motor. The air quantity which is rapidly multiplied brings serious adverse effects to other related equipment in a workshop and subsequent environmental protection equipment.

On the other hand, if the method is implemented according to patent 2019208110031, during the switching process, the swinging blade 3 of the four-way valve 9 completely blocks the first air vent 21 and the third air vent 23 which are respectively connected with the air blower and the induced draft fan, the air blowing amount and the air discharging amount are zero, and the current of the air blower 10 and the induced draft fan 7 is rapidly reduced. The exhaust air volume reduced to zero also has serious adverse effects on other relevant equipment in the workshop and the following environmental protection equipment. Cumulative effects also occur with increasing equipment sharing the main flue with the plant.

In fact, it is clear to those skilled in the art of combustion that in the regenerative waste heat recovery system, the combustion air that the blower 7 enters the furnace 6 through the four-way valve 9 is the secondary air supply. The combustion-supporting air for ignition, burner cooling and flame stabilization is primary air and does not pass through the four-way valve 9 and the heat storage tank. Therefore, the flue gas to be discharged by the induced draft fan 7 is the flue gas generated by the primary air in addition to the flue gas generated by the secondary air. Therefore, when the four-way valve of patent 2019208110031 is used in the waste heat recovery system of fig. 10, the third vent 23 of the exhaust smoke is completely cut off during the system switching process, and the exhaust smoke generated by the primary air destroys the pressure balance of the furnace and is forced to extrude out of the furnace to pollute the working environment. This is not allowed by the system operation itself, safety production and environmental protection requirements.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, on the one hand, to prevent the air volume from being excessively increased, the first side flap 34 and/or the second side flap 35 blocks a part of the ventilation area of the ventilation opening 2 through which the swing vane 3 passes in the process of changing between the first operating position 43 and the second operating position 44. The swing blade 3 in fig. 4 is located at the first working position 43, and if the swing blade swings clockwise 90 degrees to reach the second working position 44, the first side flap 34 passes through the first ventilation opening 21. As shown in fig. 8, the first air vent 21 is blocked by the first side wing 34 for most of the area, and the third air vent 23 is also blocked by the second side wing 35, so that the direct area of the air flow between the first air vent 21 and the third air vent 23 is greatly reduced, and the impact on the fan motor is avoided. If the fan swings 90 degrees counterclockwise to reach the second working position 44, the air in the first blowing vent 21 needs to pass through the fourth vent 24 and the second vent 22 when reaching the third induced air vent 23, the first side wing 34 passes through the fourth vent 24, the fourth vent 24 is blocked by the first side wing 34 to a large extent, the second vent 22 is blocked by the second side wing 35, the air is blocked by the first swing blade 32 and the second swing blade 33, the area of an airflow path between the first vent 21 and the third vent 23 is greatly reduced, and the impact on the fan motor is also avoided.

On the other hand, in order to prevent an excessive decrease in the air volume, the area of the portion not blocked by the first and third vents 21 and 23 should be designed to be 1 to 2 times the equivalent ventilation area of the heat storage tank. Tests prove that when the unshielded area is 15-65% of the area of the corresponding vent, the air quantity passing through the air blower 10 and the induced draft fan 7 is not much different from the air quantity passing through the heat storage box in the working state in the switching process, namely the current of the air blower 10 and the induced draft fan 7 is kept to fluctuate within a small range of the working state value, and other systems cannot be obviously interfered.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the transition time for the airflow switching begins with the leftmost point of the first side flap 34 sweeping across the leftmost point of the vent-opening one 21 and ends with the rightmost point of the first side flap 34 sweeping across the rightmost point of the vent-opening one 21. The transition time of the air flow switching (the smaller range of the swinging blade scanning the vicinity of the vertical position) is less than the transition time of the air flow switching of the four-way valve in the prior art (the larger range of the swinging blade scanning the vicinity of the vertical position) by the time of the side edge of the swinging blade 30 scanning the total width of the side wing, so that the transition time of the air flow switching is greatly reduced in practice, the effective running time of the system is increased, and the impact degree of the fan is reduced. In comparison, the invention is a fast four-way valve.

Further, referring to fig. 1 and 2, gas leakage of the four-way valve of the related art is from gaps between the swing blade plate 30 and the upper cover 12, the side 11, the lower cover 13, and the swing blade door frame 14 of the valve body 1. Because the structure of cross valve is special: the swinging leaf door frames 14 have 4 pieces in 4 directions, and the high-precision requirement of flatness is met between the first door frame 141 and the third door frame 143, and between the second door frame 142 and the fourth door frame 144 which are opposite to each other; the swing blade plate 30 has 4 faces to match with the four faces of the swing blade door frame 14, and the 4 faces also need to have high precision requirement of flatness. Because each surface of the swing blade door frame 14 is positioned in the valve body inner cavity 4, persons skilled in mechanical manufacturing process can easily understand that the manufacturing precision is difficult to ensure, and the size of the gap (seam) between the first swing blade plate 32 and the second swing blade plate 33 and the upper cover 12, the side surface 11, the lower cover 13 of the valve body 1, especially the swing blade door frame 14 can not meet the requirement. In addition, during the switching process of the four-way valve, the first swing blade plate 32 and the second swing blade plate 33 are switched between the first working position 43 and the second working position 44, and then collide with the swing blade door frame 14 to generate huge impact noise, even if a spring sheet or high-temperature rubber is adopted in the gap, the technical measures can be failed quickly as described above. In fact, when the four-way valve purchased in the market is used in an industrial furnace, the size of some parts of the gaps between the first swing blade plate 32 and the second swing blade plate 33 and the swing blade door frame 14 reaches 20mm-30mm, the gas leakage amount is quite large and reaches more than 30% of the blast amount, the electric energy consumption of a fan is seriously increased, the combustion-supporting air amount of a heat storage combustion system is insufficient due to leakage, the fuel consumption is also greatly increased, and the noise far exceeds the requirement of the environmental protection standard.

According to the invention, the swinging vane door frame 14 is removed from the valve body 1, and the swinging vane 3 does not collide when rotating in place, so that noise is not generated, and the noise problem is solved.

In this embodiment, the pressure difference between the first space 41 and the second space 42 in the valve body cavity 4 is the cause of gas leakage, and under certain working conditions, the pressure difference is constant. As can be seen from the fluid dynamics, the fluid resistance increases with the increase in the length of the flow channel when the flow channel area, the flow rate, and the like are the same 1. 2. The greater the resistance, the smaller the flow at the same pressure difference. Therefore, in order to reduce the amount of leaking gas, increasing the length of the flow path through which the leaking gas flows and thus increasing the leakage resistance thereof can effectively reduce the amount of leaking gas without reducing the leakage area (reducing the leakage area requires an improvement in the machining accuracy). Therefore, the swing vane 30 is added with the side wing piece 36, the side wing piece 36 comprises a first side wing piece 34 and a second side wing piece 35, the first side wing piece 34 is arranged on the side edge of the first swing vane plate 32 and extends towards two sides of the side edge of the first swing vane plate 32, the second side wing piece 35 is arranged on the side edge of the second swing vane plate 33 and also extends towards two sides of the side edge of the first swing vane plate 32, the size of the gap between the side wing piece 36 and the valve body 1 (the size of the valve body is determined, and the size of the gap determines the size of the flow area of the leaked gas) is the same, the width is increased (the size of the gap along the circumferential direction is the width of the gap), namely, the flow area of the leaked gas is the same, and the length of the flow path is. Thus, the resistance of the leaked gas is greatly increased, and the gas leakage amount is reduced.

Further, in the present embodiment, the upper wing piece 37 and the lower wing piece 38 are added to both the upper side and the lower side of the first swing blade plate 32 and the second swing blade plate 33, as shown in fig. 9, the operation process is similar to the reduction of the gas leakage amount of the first side wing piece 34 and the second side wing piece 35, and the gas flow passage length in the gap is also increased, so that the gas leakage amount is further reduced.

The aperture of the vent is DN350, the size of a gap (seam) is 1mm, the thicknesses of the first swing blade plate 32 and the second swing blade plate 33 are 8mm, and the pressure difference between two parts of the inner cavity of the four-way valve is 20000 pa. We applied it to a practical 35 ton aluminium alloy smelting furnace in an industrial furnace and the results are: the leakage amount of the door frame 14 with the swinging leaf and the intact spring sealing sheet is 6-8% of the total amount of the blast air, and the leakage amount of the spring leaf after 1 month of sealing failure is 20-25%. In the other four-way valve without the swinging door frame 14, the size of a gap (seam) is 0.5mm, and the leakage rate is about 10-15%. The reason for this is that the former mainly uses a spring sealing sheet between the swing leaf door frame 14 and the swing leaf plate 30 to play a larger sealing role, but the service life of the spring sheet is too short; meanwhile, the matching precision of the swing blade door frame 14 and the swing blade plate 30 is a very big problem. The latter removes the swing door frame 14, improves the seam precision, namely reduces the gap size, but the length of the gas leakage flow passage is only 8mm when the door frame is not provided, and the leakage amount is larger when the resistance is too small.

The cross section of the ventilation opening 2 in the engineering is generally circular, and the thickness of the blade swinging plate 30 is generally 7-12mm according to the area size. To simplify the calculations during design when the cross-section is not circular, the total width of the airfoil is taken to be 12-24 times the thickness of the wobble plate. In addition, the total width of the side wing pieces 36 is preferably the maximum width that the side wing pieces 36 do not greatly affect the normal ventilation of the ventilation opening 2 when the swing blade 30 is located at the working position. In this embodiment, the aperture of the vent 2 of the four-way valve is DN350, when the flap 30 is located at the working position, the airflow completely passes through the heat storage box, the total width 152mm of the side flaps 36 shields (the working position shields) the ventilation area of a small amount of the vent 2, the cross section of the vent 2 is circular, so the size of the vent is smaller as the distance from the working position of the flap 3 is smaller, the shielding area of the working position is less than 5% of the area of the vent 2, and the remaining unshielded area is much larger than the equivalent ventilation area (approximately DN100 area) of the heat. The normal work of the system is not adversely affected;

the embodiment is a symmetrical design, when the swing vane 30 moves to a position (such as the position shown in fig. 8) exactly half of the stroke in the switching process, the area of the corresponding vent of the swing vane 30 shielding (switching shielding) is the largest, the switching shielding area at this position is about 51% of the inner sectional area of DN350, and the straight-through area of the induced draft fan is the largest.

The time spent in the switching process of the air flow is reduced by about half, the maximum straight-through area after the air flow is shielded is reduced by about 50%, the air flow change in the switching process is influenced by the inertia of the substance to have a delay effect, the comprehensive effect is that the air flow change in the switching process is very small, and the system realizes the stable operation in the switching process.

Of course, different sizes of the side flaps are designed according to different purposes, use environments, fuels and the like; four-way valves with different vent section shapes and different vent areas also have different side flap designs. But essentially all can be carried out according to the design principle of the four-way valve disclosed by the invention, so that the aims of small volume, impact resistance and stable system operation are achieved.

By adopting the technology, the swinging leaf door frame 14 is removed, the seam is 0.5mm, the width of the first side wing piece 34 and the second side wing piece 35 is set to be 152mm, the width is about 18 times (15 times of 10 mm) of the thickness of the first swinging leaf plate 32 and the second swinging leaf plate 33, the thickness is 8mm, the maximum shielding area (the maximum shielding area is also the maximum direct flow area of the airflow) is slightly larger than 50% of the area of the corresponding vent, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the length of the flow channel of the leaked gas is increased to be 152mm, and the leakage amount is effectively reduced to be within 5%; if the upper and lower edges of the first swing blade plate 32 and the second swing blade plate 33 are added with the fins of 152mm, the leakage rate is reduced to be within 1 percent.

Of course, it is theoretically possible to control the leakage amount to a desired level by reducing the size of the gap (seam) to a sufficiently small size. However, there are two problems that make this solution unfeasible when applied to the industrial kiln industry: 1. the small gap means that the machining accuracy is improved, and this means that the requirement is not always satisfied even at high cost. 2. The service environment of the four-way valve is in a high-temperature environment and a severe environment, and the small gap (seam) means that the four-way valve can not be used due to the fact that materials are subjected to thermal deformation or fine dust and foreign matters are blocked.

In this embodiment, the elimination of the swinging leaf doorframe 14 actually solves the problem of jamming while solving the problem of noise. To solve the problem of the seizure, as shown in fig. 7, the vent bottom surface 25 of the vent 2 is lower than the lower cover 13. When foreign matters enter the valve body inner cavity 4 of the four-way valve, the bottom surfaces 25 of the 4 ventilation openings are lower than the lower cover 13, so that the foreign matters can automatically fall into the ventilation opening bottom surfaces 25 of the ventilation openings 2 in the swinging process of the swinging blade of the four-way valve, and the swinging blade 3 is prevented from being blocked due to the foreign matters entering gaps.

As shown in fig. 6, a plurality of grease adding holes 1 or more of grease 16 are opened in the valve body 1 at the positions where the flaps of the first and second swing blades 32 and 33 in the operating position abut against each other. Grease 16 is added to the joints between the side fins of the first swing blade plate 32 and the second swing blade plate 33 and the valve body 1, and because certain intermolecular attraction exists between molecules of the grease 16 and metal molecules of the valve body 1 and the first side fin 34 and the second side fin 35, after the gaps are filled with the grease 16, the first side fin 34 and the second side fin 35 are wide enough, so that the lubricating effect is achieved, and the gap blocking effect is achieved. Experiments prove that the leakage amount of the gas is close to zero when the pressure difference is 20000 pa.

In this embodiment, all the materials used for the four-way valve except the grease 16 are steel materials. In the case where the grease 16 is not used, there is no problem in high temperature resistance. Under the condition of using the grease 16, different from the condition of using rubber for sealing between the swing blade plate 30 and the swing blade door frame 14 by using a four-way valve in the prior art, two sides of the rubber are both positioned in a high-temperature gas environment in the inner cavity 4 of the valve body, one side of an interlayer where the grease 16 is positioned is the valve body 1, the valve body 1 is in contact with the outside air, the temperature is not in the high-temperature gas environment of the inner cavity 4 of the valve body, and the good heat conductivity of the steel shell plays a good role in reducing the temperature of the working environment of the grease 16. Therefore, under the condition of using high-temperature rubber and high-temperature grease with the same temperature resistance, the temperature of the valve body inner cavity 4 allowed by the latter is far higher than that of the former, and the amplitude can be higher by 50 to 90 percent. In addition, high-temperature grease with higher temperature resistance than high-temperature rubber can be found in the market, so if the grease 16 is high-temperature grease, the whole four-way valve has high-temperature resistance.

The cast iron precision casting and reprocessing mode is adopted in the batch production, and the effect is better because the temperature resistance of the cast iron piece is higher, the thermal deformation is smaller.

Then, the invention discloses an industrial furnace, as shown in fig. 10, comprising a hearth 6 surrounded by furnace walls, a four-way valve 9, an air blower 10, an induced draft fan 7, a first heat storage tank 8 and a second heat storage tank 5; the furnace wall is provided with at least 2 airflow channels which penetrate into the hearth 6; the 2 airflow channels are respectively communicated with the first heat storage box 8 and the second heat storage box 5. Wherein, the four-way valve 9 adopts the four-way valve of this application. The air blower 10, the second heat storage tank 5, the induced draft fan 7 and the first heat storage tank 8 are respectively communicated with a first vent 21, a second vent 22, a third vent 23 and a fourth vent 24 of the four-way valve 9.

Example two:

referring to fig. 11, in the present embodiment, the side flap 36 includes a first side flap 34 and a second side flap 35, wherein the first side flap 34 and the second side flap 35 are substantially the same as the first embodiment except that: the first side wing piece 34 is disposed on one side of the swing blade plate 30, the second side wing piece 35 is disposed on the other side of the swing blade plate 30, and the first side wing piece and the second side wing piece are respectively disposed on two sides of the swing blade plate 30, so that the purposes of impact resistance, leakage resistance, noise resistance, blocking resistance and high temperature resistance of embodiment 1 can be achieved. In this embodiment, the side flap 36 is extended on the side of the swing blade 30 by a longer distance than in embodiment 1, and the root needs to be designed to have increased reinforcing strength in the case of a thin-wing design.

Example three:

referring to fig. 12, in the present embodiment, the side flap 36 includes a first side flap 34 and a second side flap 35, wherein the first side flap 34 and the second side flap 35 are arranged substantially the same as in the second embodiment, except that: the first side wing panel 34 and the second side wing panel 35 are flat plate structures, and form a cross section similar to a "Z" shape with the swing blade panel 30, and can also achieve the purposes of impact resistance, leakage resistance, noise resistance, deadlocking resistance and high temperature resistance of embodiment 1. This embodiment is less functional than embodiments 1 and 2 in preventing leakage and is suitable for use where there is no high demand for leakage.

Example four:

referring to fig. 13, in the present embodiment, the side flap 36 includes a first side flap 34 and a second side flap 35, wherein the first side flap 34 and the second side flap 35 are substantially the same as the first embodiment except that: the first side wing panel 34 and the second side wing panel 35 are flat structures intersecting with or perpendicular to the swing blade 30, and can also achieve the purposes of impact resistance, leakage resistance, noise resistance, anti-jamming and high temperature resistance of embodiment 1. This embodiment is inferior in the function of preventing leakage as compared with embodiments 1 and 2, but is lower in the manufacturing cost than embodiment 3, and is suitable for use in places where there is no high demand for leakage.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a four-way valve, includes valve body (1), vent (2) and pendulum leaf (3), valve body (1) includes side (11), upper cover (12) and lower cover (13), vent (2) circumference sets up on side (11), pendulum leaf (3) are in including pendulum leaf axle (31) and rigid coupling pendulum leaf board (30) on pendulum leaf axle (31), pendulum leaf axle (31) pin joint is in valve body (1), its characterized in that, at least one end of pendulum leaf board (30) is provided with the piece that keeps out the wind that is used for pendulum leaf board (30) can cover the ventilation area of partial vent (2) at the pivoted in-process.

2. Four-way valve according to claim 1, wherein the wind deflector is arranged such that the area of the shielded vent (2) when it is in the position of maximum shielded area is 25-85% of the area of the corresponding vent (2).

3. The four-way valve according to claim 2, wherein the wind shielding member is a side flap (36) provided on the side of the louver plate (30) opposite to the side (11), the length of the side flap (36) is the same as that of the side of the louver plate (30), and the distance between the side flap (36) and the side (11) is not more than 20 mm.

4. The four-way valve according to claim 3, wherein the side flap (36) is an arc-shaped flap having a shape matching the side surface (11), the side flap (36) forming a slit for increasing a length of a gas flow path opposite to the side surface (11), the arc-shaped flap extending to at least one side of the louver plate (30).

5. The four-way valve according to claim 3, wherein the upper side of the swing blade plate (30) is opposite to the upper cover (12) to form a gap, and the side of the swing blade plate (30) opposite to the upper cover (12) is provided with an upper fin (37) for increasing the length of the gas flow passage in the gap; and/or the lower side of the swing blade plate (30) is opposite to the lower cover (13) to form a gap, and the side edge of the swing blade plate (30) opposite to the lower cover (13) is provided with a lower fin (38) for increasing the length of a gas flow passage in the gap.

6. The four-way valve according to claim 5, wherein the length of the upper and lower flaps (37, 38) is the same as the length of the corresponding edge of the swing blade plate (30), the width is 1.2-35 times the thickness of the swing blade plate (30), and the distance between the upper and lower flaps (37, 38, 13) is not more than 2 mm.

7. The four-way valve according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the vent bottom surface (25) of the vent (2) is lower than the inner wall surface of the lower cover (13) of the valve body (1).

8. The four-way valve according to claim 7, wherein the bottom surface (25) of the ventilation opening is 1-30 mm lower than the lower cover (13), and the bottom surface (25) of the ventilation opening is smoothly connected with the lower cover (13).

9. The four-way valve according to claim 5, wherein grease adding holes communicated into the valve body (1) are arranged on the side surface (11) and/or the upper cover (12) and/or the lower cover (13) between the adjacent ventilation openings (2), and grease (16) for lubrication and sealing is added in the gap between the side fin (36) and/or the upper fin (37) and/or the lower fin (38) and the valve body (1).

10. An industrial kiln, which is characterized by comprising the four-way valve (9) of any one of claims 1 to 9, and further comprising a hearth (6), an air blower (10), an induced draft fan (7), a first heat storage box (8) and a second heat storage box (5), wherein the wall of the hearth is provided with at least two airflow channels penetrating into the hearth (6); the two airflow channels are respectively communicated with the first heat storage tank (8) and the second heat storage tank (5); the air blower (10), the first heat storage box (8), the draught fan (7) and the second heat storage box (5) are communicated with four ventilation openings (2) of the four-way valve (9) respectively.

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