CN112502835A - Multi-fuel combined cooling, heating and power system - Google Patents

Multi-fuel combined cooling, heating and power system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112502835A
CN112502835A CN202011263675.7A CN202011263675A CN112502835A CN 112502835 A CN112502835 A CN 112502835A CN 202011263675 A CN202011263675 A CN 202011263675A CN 112502835 A CN112502835 A CN 112502835A
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China
Prior art keywords
fuel
combustion chamber
heat exchange
heating
plate
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CN202011263675.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
靳普
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Liu Muhua
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Zhiyue Tengfeng Technology Group Co ltd
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Application filed by Zhiyue Tengfeng Technology Group Co ltd filed Critical Zhiyue Tengfeng Technology Group Co ltd
Priority to CN202011263675.7A priority Critical patent/CN112502835A/en
Publication of CN112502835A publication Critical patent/CN112502835A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/099958 priority patent/WO2022100089A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
    • F02C3/22—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being gaseous at standard temperature and pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
    • F02C3/24—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being liquid at standard temperature and pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
    • F02C6/06—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output providing compressed gas
    • F02C6/08—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output providing compressed gas the gas being bled from the gas-turbine compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/08—Heating air supply before combustion, e.g. by exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/22—Fuel supply systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/26—Starting; Ignition
    • F02C7/268—Starting drives for the rotor, acting directly on the rotor of the gas turbine to be started
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
    • F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
    • F25B15/06—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
    • Y02B30/625—Absorption based systems combined with heat or power generation [CHP], e.g. trigeneration
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system, which comprises a multi-fuel micro gas turbine; the multi-fuel micro gas turbine comprises a heat regenerator and a combustion chamber; a hollow evaporating pipe is fixed on the side wall of the combustion chamber; the fuel nozzle communicated with the tail end of the fuel pipeline penetrates through the side wall of the combustion chamber to enter the combustion chamber and extends into the evaporation pipe; at least two fuel nozzles are accommodated in the evaporation tube; the evaporating pipes are uniformly arranged around the axis of the rotating shaft of the gas turbine; the exhaust gas of the heat regenerator is respectively introduced into a lithium bromide unit, a tap water heating device, a heating device for medium heating and a purifier. The fuel source of the micro gas turbine is a methane storage tank and a fuel reserve tank. The multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system can reduce the construction and use cost, reduce the burden of users, and has good economic benefit and better seasonal adaptability. The invention is suitable for buildings such as hospitals, schools, residential buildings, office buildings, factories and the like.

Description

Multi-fuel combined cooling, heating and power system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system, and belongs to the technical field of building energy supply.
Background
At present, a central air conditioner, a domestic hot water pipeline, a direct drinking water pipeline, a gas pipeline, a power grid and the like are generally arranged in a building so as to provide cold air, warm air, domestic hot water, tap water, direct drinking water, gas, electricity and the like for a user. However, after the pipeline network is laid, all the provided resources need to pay a certain fee, and the use cost of a user is high. For low-density distributed buildings, new projects such as heating pipelines, water pipelines and cold air pipelines are laid, so that the cost is very high, for example, for southern areas without heating networks, the construction of new heating networks consumes manpower and material resources, and therefore, no good solution for heating problems in the southern areas exists so far.
At present, methane tanks are built in partial rural areas, but the quantity of produced methane is small and unstable due to limited raw materials. For factories and other places, the methane in the methane tank can not be effectively converted due to single utilization.
The evaporating pipe type nozzle of gas turbine is characterized by that it uses lower pressure to spray oil into evaporating pipe in direct-injection mode, the gas around the evaporating pipe and burnt gas in the combustion chamber can be used for heating fuel gas, and the fuel oil can be evaporated and mixed initially, and the formed gaseous rich-oil mixed gas can be fed into the combustion chamber, mixed with air flow of main combustion hole and combusted. The existing fuel nozzle is a single fuel nozzle, the requirement on the fuel type is high, and if the fuel is lack, the operation has to be stopped.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the prior art, the invention provides a multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system, the multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system combines methane tanks, then the methane tanks are stored in a gas storage tank, and are used together with a spare tank to provide fuel for a multi-fuel gas turbine, and the multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system is used for the multi-fuel combined cooling and power system, so that the methane tanks in rural areas can be effectively utilized, the building construction and use cost can be reduced, the user burden can be reduced, and good economic benefits can be realized.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system comprises a multi-fuel micro gas turbine, wherein the multi-fuel micro gas turbine comprises a rotating shaft, a heat regenerator, an air compressor, a turbine, a combustion chamber and a starting integrated motor, and the turbine, the air compressor and the starting integrated motor are sequentially sleeved on the rotating shaft; wherein, a hollow evaporating pipe is fixed on the side wall of the combustion chamber; the fuel nozzle communicated with the tail end of the fuel pipeline penetrates through the side wall of the combustion chamber to enter the combustion chamber and extends into the evaporation pipe; at least two fuel nozzles are accommodated in the evaporation tube; accordingly, the number of fuel conduits is the same as the number of fuel nozzles; the number of the evaporation tubes is two or more, and the evaporation tubes are uniformly distributed around the axis of the rotating shaft of the gas turbine; the heat regenerator is provided with a first inlet, a first outlet, a second inlet and a second outlet; the outlet of the air compressor is connected with the first inlet of the heat regenerator, the first outlet of the heat regenerator is connected with the inlet of the combustion chamber, the outlet of the combustion chamber is connected with the inlet of the turbine, and the outlet of the turbine is connected with the second inlet of the heat regenerator; the second outlet of the heat regenerator is connected with a lithium bromide unit to refrigerate, or/and is connected with a tap water heating device to heat tap water, or/and is connected with a medium heating device to heat medium heating, or/and is connected with an air purifier to convey purified gas to users as heating.
Furthermore, the medium heating device is a floor heating pipeline or a radiator.
Furthermore, cold air after the lithium bromide unit is refrigerated is introduced into a user through a ground cooling pipeline or a wall cooling pipeline.
Furthermore, in order to fully utilize natural energy, the solar energy can be introduced into the solar energy collecting device, the solar energy collecting device comprises a solar reflector and a solar energy collecting device, the solar energy collecting device is arranged on a micro gas turbine, the micro gas turbine is positioned above or below the solar reflector, and the solar energy collecting device is positioned on a condensation point of the solar reflector (such as a dish reflector).
Furthermore, the solar energy collecting device is a heat absorbing plate, and the heat absorbing plate is coated on the heat regenerator shell or used as a part or the whole shell of the heat regenerator.
Furthermore, the evaporating pipe is I-shaped, forms an included angle with the side wall of the combustion chamber, extends into the combustion chamber in an inclined mode, one end of the evaporating pipe is fixed, the other end of the evaporating pipe is suspended, and the suspended end of the evaporating pipe is flared.
Furthermore, the evaporating pipe is T-shaped, forms an included angle with the side wall of the combustion chamber and obliquely extends into the combustion chamber, one end of the evaporating pipe is fixed, the other end of the evaporating pipe is suspended, the suspended end of the evaporating pipe is T-shaped and is connected with another short pipe, the short pipe is orthogonally communicated with the oblique evaporating pipe, and the two ends of the short pipe are through.
Further, the oil spray hole at the tail end of the fuel nozzle is parallel to the axis of the evaporation pipe.
Furthermore, resistance wires are wound on the outer wall of the evaporation tube.
The evaporating pipe and the fuel nozzle are made of ceramics or high-temperature alloy, and the evaporating pipe made of the high-temperature alloy needs to be subjected to corresponding surface oxidation treatment, so that certain characteristics of high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance are ensured.
The system further comprises a plurality of methane tanks, a gas storage tank and at least one spare tank, wherein each methane tank is connected with the gas storage tank through a pipeline, the gas storage tank and the spare tank are connected to a fuel pipeline of the gas turbine respectively, and the gas storage tank and the spare tank are used as fuel supply sources. The reserve tank stores fuel, such as ethanol, methanol, and gasoline. Can be placed in the pit at the bottom of the ground or on the ground. The biogas generating pit, the gas storage tank, the reserve tank and the gas turbine form an energy supply system.
Further, the heat regenerator is a multi-cavity heat exchange device, and the structure of the multi-cavity heat exchange device is as follows: the heat exchange device comprises at least two heat exchange units, wherein each heat exchange unit comprises an input plate and an output plate, the side surfaces of the input plate and the output plate are hermetically connected through a buckling device, and a heat exchange cavity is defined by a pair of adjacent input plates and output plates.
Furthermore, fins are arranged on the inner walls of the input plate and the output plate in the heat exchange cavity.
Further, the fins are integrally formed with the input plate or the output plate; alternatively, the fins are fixed to the input plate or the output plate.
Further, the fins are wave-shaped plates or straight plates.
Furthermore, the buckling device comprises a first surrounding baffle, a second surrounding baffle and a side wall perpendicular to the first surrounding baffle, the second surrounding baffle and the side wall are parallel to each other, the cross sections of the first surrounding baffle, the second surrounding baffle and the side wall form a concave shape, and the edges of the input plate and the output plate are embedded into a clamping groove formed among the first surrounding baffle, the second surrounding baffle and the side wall.
Furthermore, screw holes are formed in the tops of the first enclosing baffle and the second enclosing baffle, pressure heads are arranged on the outer sides of the input plate and the output plate, one end of each pressure head is attached to the input plate or the output plate, the other end of each pressure head is fixed to a cross beam, and adjusting bolts are arranged at two ends of each cross beam.
Furthermore, the heat exchange units are stacked, and a sealing plate is arranged between the buckling devices between the adjacent heat exchange units for sealing.
Furthermore, the cross section of the heat exchange device is rectangular, fan-shaped or cylindrical.
The processing method of the multi-cavity heat exchange device comprises the following steps:
s100) fixing an input plate or an output plate on a workbench of a 3D printer, starting the 3D printer loaded with the fin model, adjusting the printing direction and position, and printing fins one by one;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
starting a 3D printer loaded with an input plate or output plate model with fins on a workbench, adjusting the printing direction and position, and printing the input plate and the output plate with fins;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
processing an input plate and an output plate with fins on an original plate by electric spark cutting or chemical etching or linear cutting;
s200) the input plate and the output plate are opposite to each other, the fins are positioned in the heat exchange cavity, the edges of the input plate and the output plate are clamped in the clamping grooves, and a pair of adjacent input plates and output plates are connected into a whole;
s300) pressing a pressure head against the outer walls of the input plate and the output plate, screwing a bolt on the cross beam into the screw hole, and applying a preset pretightening force;
s400), repeating the steps S200) to S300, and installing other heat exchange units until all the heat exchange units are stacked.
Furthermore, when the cross section of the heat exchange device is rectangular or fan-shaped, a sealing plate is arranged between the adjacent buckling devices for sealing.
The multi-fuel combined cooling, heating and power system comprises the following working processes: working medium (such as air) enters from an inlet of an air compressor, is compressed by the air compressor, enters a first inlet of a heat regenerator from an outlet of the air compressor, flows out of the first outlet, enters a combustion chamber, is combusted, enters an inlet of a turbine, pushes the turbine to rotate to apply work and drives a motor to generate electricity; after working medium works by the turbine, the working medium enters a second inlet of the heat regenerator from a turbine outlet, exchanges heat in the heat regenerator and then flows out from a second outlet of the heat regenerator; the working medium flowing out of the second outlet can be divided into four paths: the first way is used for heating tap water at the inlet end of a building, and the heated water can be stored in a water tank and supplied to users for drinking, cooking and the like; the second path is used for heating at the inlet end of the building through a medium, such as water supplied to a floor heating pipeline or a radiator, and is conveyed to a user; the third path is introduced into a lithium bromide unit at the building inlet end for refrigeration and is conveyed to a user for providing cold air for the user; the fourth way is directly carried to the user as the heating installation after the clarifier purifies, if the user is for the mill that needs hot gas toast medicinal material or food, then this heating installation can directly be used for drying medicinal material or food. The four pipelines through which the working medium flowing out of the second outlet of the heat regenerator passes are all provided with electric control valves, the flow of each valve is adjusted according to the requirement when the season changes, the working medium is output according to different proportions in spring and autumn, summer and winter, and the system has better seasonal adaptability (in winter, the system can provide more electricity, distilled water/domestic hot water and warm air by adjusting each pipeline valve, in summer, the system can provide more electricity, cold air and distilled water/domestic hot water by adjusting each pipeline valve, and in spring and autumn, the system can provide more electricity, distilled water/domestic hot water by adjusting each pipeline valve). The air compressor machine is driven by starting integral type motor when starting, and starting integral type motor drives the air compressor machine rotation as the motor earlier, and then regard as the generator electricity generation after can independent operation to waiting to accelerate, and the electricity that sends can be used to building public power consumption, and unnecessary electricity also can supply to the user.
The multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system has the following beneficial effects:
1. at present, the construction cost is high, and the cost shared by users during use is also high. The multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system can reduce the construction and use cost, reduce the burden of users and has good economic benefit. The invention is suitable for buildings such as hospitals, schools, residential buildings, office buildings, factories and the like.
2. The multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system can reduce the municipal investment from tens of millions to hundreds of thousands, and has good economic benefit.
3. The flow of each path of working medium output by the second outlet of the heat regenerator is controlled by adjusting the electric control valve, and the working medium is output according to different proportions in spring and autumn, summer and winter, so that the heat regenerator has better seasonal adaptability; meanwhile, the temperature can be adjusted according to specific changes of the temperature, for example, the temperature is lower in the early winter and the early spring, the heating mode can be started in advance, the influence of government heating time is avoided, and the life quality of a user is improved.
4. The multi-fuel combined cooling, heating and power system is suitable for buildings with different geographical positions and different requirements, is flexible to use, and can solve the problem of supplying warm air and cold air for one cell by adopting one set of combined cooling, heating and power system.
5. The invention combines the methane tanks, then the methane tanks are stored in the gas storage tank, and the gas storage tank and the standby tank are used together to provide fuel for the gas turbine, effectively and efficiently utilize the methane tanks in rural areas, and have greater economic benefit and social significance.
According to the gas turbine adopted by the invention, the plurality of fuel nozzles are arranged in the evaporation pipe, namely, a plurality of fuel supply channels are provided, and different types of fuel can be injected at different time intervals for combustion so as to adapt to various working conditions; the outside of the evaporating pipe is provided with a resistance wire, the evaporating pipe can be heated in the starting stage, and the fuel can be atomized and evaporated under the condition of no fuel gas heating. The evaporation tube is arranged in the flame tube of the combustion chamber, and when the combustion chamber works, the mixture of air and fuel in the tube is heated by high-temperature fuel gas of the combustion chamber or the preheating resistance wire, so that the fuel is atomized and evaporated to become gaseous fuel which is easy to burn, and the combustion is more sufficient.
The gas turbine of the invention also has the following advantages:
1. the whole combustion chamber is simple and compact in layout, and both the flow resistance loss and the heat loss are low.
2. The evaporation tube and the fuel nozzle have strong applicability to fuels, and are suitable for various fuels such as gasoline, kerosene, methanol, ethanol (and other biomass fuels).
3. Oil and gas in the evaporation tube are uniformly mixed, so that a local oil-rich area of the main combustion area is avoided, and smoke and carbon deposition are reduced.
4. When the fuel is burnt, the flame is blue, the radiant heat is less, and the wall temperature of the flame tube is lower.
5. The evaporating pipe does not require high oil supply pressure, and the temperature field distribution of the outlet of the combustion chamber is uniform and stable.
6. The oil supply pipe is simplified.
The heat regenerator adopted by the invention is a multi-cavity heat exchange device, and has the following advantages:
1. the multi-cavity heat exchange device provided by the invention has the advantages that a large heat exchange cavity is made into a plurality of (at least 2) small heat exchange cavities, the small heat exchange cavities are connected, the deformation between two large plates is converted into small deformation of a plurality of small plates, the pre-tightening force is added in the middle of the plates, the deformation is reduced, and the long service life and high reliability are ensured. It should be noted that the heat exchange plate of the present invention is not simply reduced in size, but for any conventional heat exchange plate, the size of the heat exchange plate of the present invention is reduced to a fraction or a few tenths of the original and due design size.
2. According to the multi-cavity heat exchange device, the temperature gradient between the adjacent plates is reduced due to the addition of the heat exchange cavities, and the air pressure in a single cavity is reduced to prevent the expansion crack, as shown in fig. 4.
3. The multi-cavity heat exchange plate is adopted in the multi-cavity heat exchange device, so that a welding seam is shortened, the process is simple, and air leakage is not easy to occur.
4. According to the multi-cavity heat exchange device, the pressure head exerts pressure in the direction perpendicular to the heat exchange plate, so that the heat exchange plate is prevented from being deformed due to the action of air pressure, the expansion crack is prevented, the service life of the device is prolonged, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
The various terms and phrases used herein have the ordinary meaning as is well known to those skilled in the art. To the extent that the terms and phrases are not inconsistent with known meanings, the meaning of the present invention will prevail.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the gas turbine of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a first schematic view of the evaporator tube (type I) and the fuel nozzle.
FIG. 4 is a second schematic view of the structure of the evaporator tube (type I) and the fuel nozzle.
Fig. 5 is a third schematic structural view of the evaporation tube (T-shaped) and the fuel nozzle.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the power supply system of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a heat exchange unit in which fins are corrugated plates in the multi-chamber heat exchange device of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a heat exchange unit in which fins are straight plates in the multi-chamber heat exchange device of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic end view of a multi-chamber heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the multi-chamber heat exchange device of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic end view of another embodiment of the multi-chamber heat exchange device of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the multi-chamber heat exchange device of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-a multi-fuel micro gas turbine, 105-a combustion chamber, 12-a fuel pipeline, 13-a fuel nozzle, 131-an oil spray hole, 14-an evaporation pipe, 101-a heat regenerator, 1011-a first inlet, 1012-a first outlet, 1013-a second inlet, 1014-a second outlet, 102-an air compressor, 103-a starting integrated motor, 104-a turbine, 2-a solar reflector, 21-a solar energy collecting device, 3-a lithium bromide unit, 4-a water tank, 5-a medium heating device, 6-an air purifier, 7-a methane tank, 8-a gas storage tank, 9-a standby tank, 10-an input plate, 11-a fin, 20-an output plate, 30-a buckling device, 31-a first enclosure and 32-a second enclosure, 33-side wall, 34-clamping groove, 35-sealing plate, 40-pressure head, 41-cross beam and 50-heat exchange cavity.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Example 1
A multi-fuel combined cooling, heating and power system is shown in figure 1 and comprises a multi-fuel micro gas turbine 1 and a lithium bromide unit 3, wherein the lithium bromide unit 3 is used for providing cooling capacity for users; the multi-fuel micro gas turbine 1 comprises a rotating shaft, an air compressor 102, a turbine 104, a combustion chamber 105 and a starting integrated motor 103, wherein the turbine 104, the air compressor 102 and the starting integrated motor 103 are sequentially sleeved on the rotating shaft; as shown in fig. 2, a hollow evaporating tube 14 is fixed on the side wall of the combustion chamber 105; the fuel pipe 12 is also included, and a fuel nozzle 13 communicated with the tail end of the fuel pipe 12 penetrates through the side wall of the combustion chamber 105, enters the combustion chamber 105 and extends into the evaporation pipe 14; at least two fuel nozzles 13 are accommodated in the evaporating tube 14; accordingly, the number of fuel pipes 12 is the same as the number of fuel nozzles 13.
The evaporating pipes 14 are provided in two or more numbers, and are uniformly arranged around the axis of the gas turbine shaft.
The regenerator is provided with a first inlet 1011, a first outlet 1012, a second inlet 1013 and a second outlet 1014; the outlet of the air compressor is connected with the first inlet 1011 of the heat regenerator, the first outlet 1012 of the heat regenerator is connected with the inlet of the combustion chamber 105, the outlet of the combustion chamber 105 is connected with the inlet of the turbine, and the outlet of the turbine is connected with the second inlet 1013 of the heat regenerator; the second outlet 1014 of the heat regenerator 101 is connected to the lithium bromide unit 3 for refrigeration (cold air is introduced to the user through a ground cooling or wall cooling pipeline after the lithium bromide unit 3 is refrigerated), or/and is connected to a tap water heating device for heating tap water (the heated tap water may be temporarily stored in the water tank 4), or/and is connected to a medium heating device 5 (such as a ground heating pipeline or a radiator) for heating medium heating, or/and is connected to the air purifier 6 for delivering the purified air to the user as warm air.
In one mode, the evaporation tube 14 is I-shaped, and as shown in fig. 3 and 4, it extends into the combustion chamber 105 at an angle with the side wall of the combustion chamber 105, and one end of the evaporation tube is fixed, the other end of the evaporation tube is suspended, and the suspended end is flared.
Alternatively, the evaporating tube 14 is T-shaped, and as shown in fig. 5, it extends into the combustion chamber 105 at an angle with the side wall of the combustion chamber 105, and has one end fixed and the other end suspended, and the suspended end is T-shaped and connected to another short tube, and the short tube is orthogonally communicated with the inclined evaporating tube, and has two through ends.
During the specific application, determine evaporating pipe 14 to be I type or T type according to actual demand, guarantee that the atomizing evaporation is complete, the flow resistance loss is little.
Further, the oil spray holes 131 at the end of the fuel nozzle 13 are parallel to the axis of the evaporating tube 14.
Further, resistance wires are wound on the outer wall of the evaporation tube 14.
The evaporating pipe and the fuel nozzle are made of ceramics or high-temperature alloy, and the evaporating pipe made of the high-temperature alloy needs to be subjected to corresponding surface oxidation treatment, so that certain characteristics of high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance are ensured.
Further, the system also comprises a plurality of methane tanks 7, a gas storage tank 8, at least one spare tank 9 and the gas turbine 1, as shown in fig. 1, wherein each methane tank 7 is respectively connected with the gas storage tank 8 through a pipeline, the gas storage tank 8 and the spare tank 9 are respectively connected with two fuel pipelines 12 of the gas turbine 1, and two fuel supply sources of the gas storage tank 8 and the spare tank 9 are adopted. The reserve tank 9 stores fuel such as ethanol, methanol, and gasoline. Can be placed in the pit at the bottom of the ground or on the ground. The biogas generating pit 7, the gas storage tank 8, the spare tank 9 and the gas turbine 1 form an energy supply system, as shown in fig. 6.
The working process is as follows: a working medium (such as air) enters from an inlet of an air compressor 102, is compressed by the air compressor 102, enters a first inlet of a heat regenerator 101 from an outlet of the heat regenerator, flows out from a first outlet, enters a combustion chamber 105, is combusted, enters an inlet of a turbine 104, pushes the turbine to rotate to apply work and drives a motor to generate electricity; after working medium works by the turbine 104, the working medium enters the second inlet of the heat regenerator 101 from the outlet of the turbine 104, exchanges heat in the heat regenerator 101 and then flows out from the second outlet of the heat regenerator; working medium (500-600 ℃) flowing out of the second outlet is divided into four paths: the first way is used for heating tap water at the inlet end of the building, and the heated water can be stored in the water tank 4 and supplied to users for drinking, cooking and the like; the second path is used for heating at the inlet end of the building through a medium, such as water supplied to a floor heating pipeline or a radiator 5, and is conveyed to a user; the third path is introduced into the lithium bromide unit 3 at the building inlet end for refrigeration and is conveyed to a user for providing cold air for the user; the fourth path is directly conveyed to the user as heating air after being purified by the air purifier 6.
The four pipelines that the working medium that flows from the second export of regenerator 101 goes through all are provided with the automatically controlled valve, and when changing seasons, the flow of each valve is adjusted as required, exports according to different proportions in spring and autumn, summer, winter, has better seasonal adaptability:
in winter, the system can provide more electricity, distilled water/domestic hot water and warm air by adjusting valves of all pipelines;
in summer, the system can provide more electricity, cold air, distilled water/domestic hot water by adjusting valves of all pipelines;
in spring and autumn, the system can provide more electricity, distilled water/domestic hot water by adjusting valves of all pipelines.
When the air compressor 102 is started, the air compressor is driven by the starting integrated motor 103. The starting integrated motor 103 is firstly used as a motor to drive the air compressor 102 to rotate, and is used as a generator to generate electricity after being accelerated to be capable of operating independently. The generated electricity can be used for building public electricity, and redundant electricity can be supplied to users.
The lithium bromide unit, the tap water heating device (such as a boiler), the medium heating device (such as a floor heating pipeline or a radiator) and the air purifier are all commercially available units.
The heat regenerator is a multi-cavity heat exchange device, and the structure is as follows: the heat exchange device comprises at least two heat exchange units, wherein each heat exchange unit comprises an input plate 10 and an output plate 20, the side surfaces of the input plate 10 and the output plate 20 are hermetically connected through a buckling device 30, and a heat exchange cavity 50 is defined between a pair of adjacent input plates 10 and output plates 20, as shown in fig. 7-12.
Fins 11 are arranged on the inner walls of the input plate 10 and the output plate 20 in the heat exchange cavity 50; the fins 11 are integrally formed with the input plate 10 or the output plate 20; alternatively, the fin 11 is fixed to the input plate 10 or the output plate 20. Preferably, the fins 11 are wave-shaped plates or straight plates.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the fastening device 30 includes a first rail 31, a second rail 32 and a side rail 33 perpendicular to the first rail 31, the second rail 32 and the side rail 33 are formed in a concave shape in cross section, and the edges of the input board 10 and the output board 20 are inserted into a slot 34 formed between the first rail 31, the second rail 32 and the side rail 33. Screw holes are formed in the tops of the first enclosing barrier 31 and the second enclosing barrier 32, a pressure head 40 is arranged on the outer sides of the input plate 10 and the output plate 20, one end of the pressure head 40 is attached to the input plate 10 or the output plate 20, the other end of the pressure head is fixed to a cross beam 41, and adjusting bolts are arranged at two ends of the cross beam 41. The adjusting bolt is in threaded connection with the screw hole and is used for adjusting the pre-tightening force of the pressure head on the input plate and the output plate.
Preferably, the heat exchange units are stacked, and a sealing plate 35 is arranged between adjacent heat exchange units and between the fastening devices 30 for sealing.
Preferably, the cross section of the heat exchange device is rectangular, fan-shaped or cylindrical. When the input board 10 and the output board 20 have circular cross sections, the fastening device 30 is a disc-shaped flange, referring to fig. 11 and 12, the first enclosing barrier 31 and the second enclosing barrier 32 are mutually parallel circular shells protruding from the end faces of the flange, and the clamping groove 34 is defined between two adjacent circular shells and the end faces of the flange. When the heat exchange plates are installed, the input plate 10 and the output plate 20 of the present invention are installed from the axis to the outside gradually.
Preferably, when the heat exchange device is arranged to receive solar heating, the part of the outer surface of the heat exchange device which does not receive reflected light is covered with the water tank to reduce heat loss.
Preferably, the multi-cavity heat exchange device is suitable for heat exchange occasions such as photo-thermal and nuclear energy.
The processing method of the multi-cavity heat exchange device comprises the following steps:
s100) fixing the input plate 10 or the output plate 20 on a 3D printer workbench, starting the 3D printer loaded with the fin model, adjusting the printing direction and position, and printing the fins 11 one by one;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
starting a 3D printer loaded with an input plate 10 or output plate 20 model with fins 11 on a workbench, adjusting the printing direction and position, and printing the input plate 10 and output plate 20 with fins 11;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
processing an input plate 10 and an output plate 20 with fins 11 on an original plate by electric spark cutting or chemical etching or linear cutting;
s200) the input plate 10 is opposite to the output plate 20, the fins 11 are positioned in the heat exchange cavity 50, the edges of the input plate 10 and the output plate 20 are clamped in the clamping grooves 34, and the adjacent input plate 10 and the output plate 20 are connected into a whole;
s300) pressing the pressing head 40 against the outer walls of the input plate 10 and the output plate 20, screwing the bolt on the cross beam 41 into the screw hole, and applying a preset pretightening force;
s400), repeating the steps S200) to S300, and installing other heat exchange units until all the heat exchange units are stacked.
Preferably, when the cross section of the heat exchange device is rectangular or fan-shaped, a sealing plate 35 is arranged between adjacent buckling devices 30 for sealing.
Example 2
A multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that: the solar energy collecting device also comprises a solar energy reflecting mirror 2 and a solar energy collecting device 21, wherein as shown in figure 13, the solar energy collecting device 21 is arranged on the micro gas turbine; the micro gas turbine is positioned above the solar reflector 2 with the solar energy collector 21 at the focal point of the solar reflector 2, e.g. a dish reflector.
The solar energy collecting device 2 is a heat absorbing plate, and the heat absorbing plate is coated on the shell of the heat regenerator 101, or is used as a part of or the whole shell of the heat regenerator 101.
The light irradiation increases the heat accumulated on the daytime heat regenerator 101, so that the micro-combustion engine combined cooling heating and power system can generate more electric energy and heat, and users can benefit.
Otherwise, the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated.
The above examples are provided to those of ordinary skill in the art to fully disclose and describe how to make and use the claimed embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure herein. Modifications apparent to those skilled in the art are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a many fuel cold and hot electricity cogeneration system, includes the miniature gas turbine of many fuels, its characterized in that: the multi-fuel micro gas turbine comprises a rotating shaft, a heat regenerator, an air compressor, a turbine, a combustion chamber and a starting integrated motor, wherein the turbine, the air compressor and the starting integrated motor are sequentially sleeved on the rotating shaft; wherein, a hollow evaporating pipe is fixed on the side wall of the combustion chamber; the fuel nozzle communicated with the tail end of the fuel pipeline penetrates through the side wall of the combustion chamber to enter the combustion chamber and extends into the evaporation pipe; at least two fuel nozzles are accommodated in the evaporation tube; accordingly, the number of fuel conduits is the same as the number of fuel nozzles; the number of the evaporation tubes is two or more, and the evaporation tubes are uniformly distributed around the axis of the rotating shaft of the gas turbine; the heat regenerator is provided with a first inlet, a first outlet, a second inlet and a second outlet; the outlet of the air compressor is connected with the first inlet of the heat regenerator, the first outlet of the heat regenerator is connected with the inlet of the combustion chamber, the outlet of the combustion chamber is connected with the inlet of the turbine, and the outlet of the turbine is connected with the second inlet of the heat regenerator; the second outlet of the heat regenerator is connected with a lithium bromide unit to refrigerate, or/and is connected with a tap water heating device to heat tap water, or/and is connected with a medium heating device to heat medium heating, or/and is connected with an air purifier to convey purified gas to users as heating.
2. A multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system according to claim 1, wherein: the solar energy collecting device is arranged on a micro gas turbine, the micro gas turbine is positioned above or below the solar energy reflecting mirror, and the solar energy collecting device is positioned on a focus point of the solar energy reflecting mirror.
3. A multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system according to claim 2, wherein: the solar energy collecting device is a heat absorbing plate, and the heat absorbing plate is coated on the shell of the heat regenerator or used as part or all of the shell of the heat regenerator.
4. A multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system according to claim 1, wherein: the evaporating pipe is I-shaped, obliquely extends into the combustion chamber at an included angle with the side wall of the combustion chamber, one end of the evaporating pipe is fixed, the other end of the evaporating pipe is suspended, and the suspended end is flared;
or/and: the evaporation tube is T-shaped, obliquely extends into the combustion chamber at an included angle with the side wall of the combustion chamber, one end of the evaporation tube is fixed, the other end of the evaporation tube is suspended, the suspended end is connected with another short tube in a T shape, the short tube is orthogonally communicated with the oblique evaporation tube, and two ends of the short tube are through;
or/and: the oil spray hole at the tail end of the fuel nozzle is parallel to the axis of the evaporation tube;
or/and: and a resistance wire is wound on the outer wall of the evaporation tube.
5. A multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system according to claim 1, wherein: the methane tank is connected with the gas storage tank through a pipeline, and the gas storage tank and the reserve tank are connected to a fuel pipeline of the gas turbine respectively.
6. A multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system according to claim 1, wherein: the heat regenerator is a multi-cavity heat exchange device, and the structure of the multi-cavity heat exchange device is as follows: the heat exchange device comprises at least two heat exchange units, wherein each heat exchange unit comprises an input plate and an output plate, the side surfaces of the input plate and the output plate are hermetically connected through a buckling device, and a heat exchange cavity is defined by a pair of adjacent input plates and output plates.
7. The multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system according to claim 6, wherein: fins are arranged on the inner walls of the input plate and the output plate in the heat exchange cavity.
8. A multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system according to claim 7, wherein: the fins are integrally formed with the input plate or the output plate; or the fins are fixed with the input plate or the output plate;
or/and: the fins are wave-shaped plates or straight plates.
9. The multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system according to claim 6, wherein: the buckling device comprises a first enclosing barrier, a second enclosing barrier and a side wall perpendicular to the first enclosing barrier and the second enclosing barrier, the first enclosing barrier, the second enclosing barrier and the side wall are parallel to each other, the cross sections of the first enclosing barrier, the second enclosing barrier and the side wall form a concave shape, and the edges of the input plate and the output plate are embedded into a clamping groove formed among the first enclosing barrier, the second enclosing barrier and the side wall.
10. The multi-fuel combined cooling heating and power system according to claim 6 or 9, characterized in that: screw holes are formed in the tops of the first enclosing barrier and the second enclosing barrier, pressure heads are arranged on the outer sides of the input plate and the output plate, one end of each pressure head is attached to the input plate or the output plate, the other end of each pressure head is fixed to a cross beam, and adjusting bolts are arranged at two ends of each cross beam;
or/and: the heat exchange units are stacked, and a sealing plate is arranged between the buckling devices between the adjacent heat exchange units for sealing;
or/and: the cross section of the heat exchange device is rectangular, fan-shaped or cylindrical.
CN202011263675.7A 2020-11-13 2020-11-13 Multi-fuel combined cooling, heating and power system Pending CN112502835A (en)

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WO2022100089A1 (en) * 2020-11-13 2022-05-19 至玥腾风科技集团有限公司 Multi-fuel combined cooling, heating and power system
WO2022100088A1 (en) * 2020-11-13 2022-05-19 至玥腾风科技集团有限公司 Cooling, heating and power supply-combined system of micro-combustion turbine in building

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WO2022100089A1 (en) * 2020-11-13 2022-05-19 至玥腾风科技集团有限公司 Multi-fuel combined cooling, heating and power system
WO2022100088A1 (en) * 2020-11-13 2022-05-19 至玥腾风科技集团有限公司 Cooling, heating and power supply-combined system of micro-combustion turbine in building

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