CN112502698B - Variable frequency interference communication device and communication method for oil pumping well - Google Patents
Variable frequency interference communication device and communication method for oil pumping well Download PDFInfo
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- CN112502698B CN112502698B CN202011513274.2A CN202011513274A CN112502698B CN 112502698 B CN112502698 B CN 112502698B CN 202011513274 A CN202011513274 A CN 202011513274A CN 112502698 B CN112502698 B CN 112502698B
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- host
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- sucker rod
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
Abstract
The invention discloses a frequency-conversion interference communication device of an oil pumping well and a communication method thereof. The ground host of the frequency conversion interference communication device of the pumping well judges whether the pumping rod moves upwards or downwards according to the self motion acceleration, the operation of the motor is interfered at proper time, and the down-hole host calculates the cycle time of the up-and-down motion of the pumping rod according to the output signals of the electromagnetic coil/the Hall sensor/the mechanical switch or the pressure curve acquired by the pressure sensor. After the ground host encodes the communication data, the frequency interference or start-stop interference is carried out on the variable frequency/non-variable frequency motor according to the encoding content, so that the stroke period of the pumping unit is changed, the underground host can detect the change of the stroke period through the electromagnetic coil/the Hall sensor/the mechanical switch or the pressure sensor, the communication data can be obtained through decoding, and the data communication from the ground host to the underground host is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oilfield wireless communication, in particular to a frequency conversion interference communication device of an oil pumping well and a communication technology thereof.
Background
When the oil field is subjected to layer mining, an instruction is often required to be sent to underground intelligent equipment to execute corresponding actions, such as the opening and closing of a valve, the adjustment of test parameters and the like, and the difficulty and the weight of sending communication data underground in a wireless mode are high when no cable is connected to the underground; the underground electromagnetic signals are completely shielded, and no matter whether the signals are sound waves, light waves or vibration waves, the signals are transmitted underground and are severely attenuated and deformed, so that the loaded signals cannot be effectively identified; the pressure wave mode can transmit signals to the underground, but the implemented equipment has large volume, large power, large design difficulty of an automatic interference device, high cost and serious interference to the well condition, and is not suitable for carrying out data communication downwards in the pumping well.
Therefore, we propose a frequency conversion interference communication device of the pumping unit well and a communication technology thereof, which are used for solving the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a variable frequency interference communication device for an oil pumping well, which aims to solve the defects in the background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: including an uphole portion and a downhole portion. The uphole section includes a surface host and a variable frequency/non-variable frequency motor, the surface host being operable to control the operating frequency or start-up state of the variable frequency/non-variable frequency motor. The downhole portion includes a downhole host and a solenoid/hall sensor/mechanical switch or pressure sensor, and the downhole host is in electrical connection with the solenoid or hall sensor or mechanical switch or pressure sensor. The ground host of the frequency conversion interference communication device of the pumping well judges whether the pumping rod moves upwards or downwards according to the acceleration of the up-and-down movement of the pumping rod, and the interference is implemented on the operation of the motor at a proper time, and the underground host can calculate the cycle time of the up-and-down movement of the pumping rod according to the output signals of the electromagnetic coil/the Hall sensor/the mechanical switch or the pressure curve acquired by the pressure sensor. After the ground host encodes the communication data, the variable frequency/non-variable frequency motor is subjected to variable frequency interference or start-stop interference according to the encoding content, so that the stroke period of the pumping unit is changed. After the ground host computer performs a series of stroke period interference according to the data code to be transmitted, the underground host computer can decode and obtain communication data through the change of the series of stroke periods detected by the electromagnetic coil/the Hall sensor/the mechanical switch or the pressure sensor, so that the ground-to-underground data communication is realized.
The invention also provides a communication method of the frequency-conversion interference communication device of the pumping unit, the frequency-conversion interference communication device of the pumping unit comprises any one of the frequency-conversion interference communication devices of the pumping unit, and the method comprises the following steps:
the ground host encodes the communication information and obtains a first data code;
the ground host adds a check code to the first data code and obtains a second data code;
the ground host encrypts the second data code and obtains a third data code;
the ground host sends a control instruction to the motor according to the third data code;
the motor interferes with the movement of the sucker rod in the oil pipe according to the control command;
detecting an actual period of running of the sucker rod in the oil pipe by a downhole host;
the underground host judges the time difference between the actual period and the stable period;
the downhole host analyzes the third data code through the time difference;
the downhole host decrypts the third data code and obtains the second data code;
the downhole host checks the second data code and obtains the first data code;
and the underground host is encoded according to the first data to acquire the communication information sent by the ground host.
As a further technical solution, the detecting, by the downhole host, an actual period of operation of the sucker rod in the oil pipe includes the steps of:
connecting the downhole host with a pressure sensor circuit;
the underground host machine carries out continuous and rapid sampling through the pressure sensor to form a pressure-time curve;
the downhole host identifies the periodically varying "pressure-time" to obtain the actual period of the sucker rod movement in the tubing.
As a further technical solution, before the ground host encodes the communication information and obtains the first data code, the method further includes the steps of:
acquiring the stable period of the sucker rod moving in an oil pipe;
and setting the first data codes corresponding to different time differences according to the stable period.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. after the communication data is encoded, the stroke period of the driving oil pumping unit is interfered according to the encoded content, the underground host can measure the corresponding time or period change, and the communication data can be obtained by decoding, so that the ground-to-underground data communication is realized;
2. the communication depth of the communication mode is determined by the depth of the sucker rod, and the sucker rod can be used for conveying reciprocating motion to the position of the underground oil well pump, so that the communication mode can reach the bottom of the well without well depth limitation;
3. the pressure sensor connected with the underground host is adopted, so that the underground production pressure can be collected, the production process of an oil well is guided, and the pressure signal can be used as the basis for periodic detection of the sucker rod.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the device of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings: 1. a ground host; 2. a variable frequency/non-variable frequency motor; 3. a sucker rod; 4. an oil pipe; 5. electromagnetic coil/hall sensor/mechanical switch; 6. an oil pump; 7. a downhole host; 8. a pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: the beam pumping unit has two kinds of variable frequency driving motor and non-variable frequency driving motor. The rotation of the variable frequency/non-variable frequency motor 2 is converted into up-and-down motion by the pumping unit, and drives the pumping rod 3 to reciprocate up and down for pumping. The sucker rod 3 is penetrated into the depth of the underground oil layer to drive the oil pump 6 to reciprocate up and down, and the oil is lifted up and pumped out. In normal production of the well, the time taken for the next trip is substantially equal, i.e. the period of each trip is relatively constant. The basic method of the frequency conversion interference communication technology of the oil pumping well provided by the invention is as follows: the cycle of the travel can be temporarily changed by controlling the variable/non-variable frequency motor 2 with the ground host 1. After a cycle of travel has been changed, the downhole host 7 may detect this cycle of travel by movement of the pump 6 or sucker rod 3 relative to the tubing 4, or by pressure sensor 8 collecting a change in pressure. The surface host 1 performs a series of different interferences on a plurality of continuous strokes, so that the information transmission from the surface to the underground can be realized.
If the pumping unit uses a motor driven by variable frequency, the variable frequency motor is provided with an external communication interface, and other equipment can be accepted to carry out frequency control on the variable frequency motor. When the ground host 1 needs to execute the interference travel, a communication instruction is sent to the variable frequency motor within the time range of the travel, the driving frequency of the variable frequency motor is properly reduced or properly increased, after waiting for a certain time, the ground host 1 sends an instruction to the variable frequency motor before the travel period is finished, and the original frequency operation is restored. In this case, the basic pumping process is not affected, but the period of this stroke may be longer or shorter. The cycle of the stroke can be varied for a number of different lengths of time by designing the appropriate motor frequency disturbance amplitude, disturbance time point and disturbance time length for the particular well based on the operating parameters of the well itself (fundamental cycle, stroke, load characteristics, etc.). If N different interference effects can be achieved and the N periodically varying downhole host 7 can be accurately identified, plus the effect of not interfering, then n+1 coded data transmission can be achieved. Whether fewer or more interference effects can be employed and accurately identified downhole is determined by the operating conditions of the particular well. The type of the interference effect only determines the information transmission efficiency, and the feasibility of the information transmission is not affected.
If the pumping unit uses a conventional motor which is not driven by variable frequency, the conventional motor is provided with a switch for temporarily controlling start and stop. The information can be sent to the underground by manually operating the start-stop key, and the start-stop switch of the motor can also be directly controlled by the surface host 1. The motor driving can be stopped in a short time within the travel time required to be interfered, the driving can be resumed immediately after a plurality of seconds, and the purpose of changing the travel period can be achieved no matter the manual operation or the automatic control of the ground host 1. If the period extension time cannot be accurately mastered in this way, the downhole host 7 does not need to distinguish the time change when the period is changed, and only distinguishes whether the travel period is changed, for example, if the contract represents that the period is changed (representing the code '1') when the difference between the contract and the normal travel is more than 1 second, or if the contract represents that the period is not changed (representing the code '0') when the difference between the contract and the normal travel is less than 1 second, the data transmission can be realized by using binary codes.
In any depth area with the sucker rod 3 above the downhole oil pump 6, as the sucker rod 3 and the oil pipe 4 always have up-and-down reciprocating relative movement, the relative movement of the sucker rod 3 and the oil pipe 4 can be detected by installing the sensor on the sucker rod 3 and the oil pipe 4, so that the time used by each stroke, namely the stroke period, is calculated. For example, method one: a permanent magnet is mounted on the sucker rod 3, and an induction coil or a hall switch is mounted on the annular space of the oil pipe 4 and connected to the downhole host 7. When the sucker rod 3 moves up and down to drive the permanent magnet to pass through the coil or the Hall switch up and down, induced voltage is formed on the coil or a Hall switch signal is received, and the underground host 7 calculates the period of each up and down movement of the sucker rod 3 according to the arrival time of the induced voltage or the Hall switch signal. The second method is as follows: a protruding structure is mounted on the sucker rod 3, while a mechanical switch is mounted on the inner wall of the oil pipe 4 and connected to the downhole host 7. Each up-and-down movement of the sucker rod 3 drives the protruding structure on the sucker rod 3 to pass through the mechanical switch, thereby triggering the mechanical switch. The downhole host 7 calculates the period of each trip based on the time the switch signal was received. And a third method: in the casing in the vicinity of the pump 6, a pressure sensor 8 is installed and connected to a downhole host 7. When the sucker rod 3 pulls the oil pump 6 upwards, liquid in the sleeve is pumped away, and the pressure of the sleeve continuously drops. When the sucker rod 3 moves down with the oil pump 6, the valve mechanism on the oil pump 6 is opened, the stratum can leak liquid into the casing, and the casing pressure is slowly restored. I.e. the repeated lifting process of the casing pressure directly reflects the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the sucker rod 3. The downhole host 7 continuously samples and identifies the casing pressure and calculates the period for each stroke. In either way, the period of each trip can be detected downhole. Once there is a large change in the period of a certain trip, it can be considered that the surface host 1 is sending a signal to the downhole host 7.
As a further technical scheme, in an actual oil well, the elastic expansion and contraction amount of the sucker rod 3 is large under the tensile force of the ground pumping unit due to the fact that the sucker rod 3 is long. The up-and-down reciprocating motion of the sucker rod 3 at the surface is transmitted downhole, and the phase, peak value and shape of the "displacement-time" curve are changed greatly although the motion period is unchanged. Therefore, the phase point of the detection cycle of the downhole host 7 determines that the time point at which the surface host 1 performs the driving disturbance cannot be arbitrarily selected. Through a large number of actual measurement curve analyses, and analysis is carried out by combining the stroke length, stroke period, expansion and contraction amount of the sucker rod and load size data of the oil pumping unit, the 'displacement-time' curve measured by the underground host machine 7 can be converted into phase synchronization with the ground curve, so that the optimal driving interference point can be found, and effective communication transmission is realized.
In the embodiment of the application, the rotation of the motor is converted into up-and-down motion by the pumping unit, and the pumping rod is driven to reciprocate up and down for pumping. The sucker rod is penetrated into the depth of the oil layer to drive the oil pump to reciprocate up and down, and the oil is pumped up. In normal production of the well, the time taken for the next trip is substantially equal, i.e., the period of each trip is relatively stable, i.e., a stable period. This settling period is detectable during all strokes of normal operation of the pumping unit, and is a relatively constant value. The time difference between the interference travel and the normal travel (the actual period minus the stable period) may be set according to the encoding condition, for example, may be +2 seconds, +1 seconds, 0 seconds, -1 second, and at this time, the following steps correspond to: increase by 2 seconds, increase by 1 second, leave unchanged and decrease by 1 second. And according to the different time differences, the codes can be correspondingly set in sequence as follows: "increase by 1 second (denoted as code '1')", "increase by 2 seconds (denoted as code '2')", or "decrease by 1 second (denoted as code '3')" and "equal (denoted as code '0').
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an oil pumping motor-pumped well frequency conversion interference communication device, includes ground host computer (1), frequency conversion/non-frequency conversion motor (2), sucker rod (3), oil pipe (4), solenoid/hall sensor/mechanical switch (5) or pressure sensor (8) and host computer (7) in the pit, its characterized in that: the ground host (1) can control the running frequency or the start-stop state of the variable frequency/non-variable frequency motor (2), and the underground host (7) can detect the stroke period of the up-and-down running of the sucker rod (3) through the electromagnetic coil/the Hall sensor/the mechanical switch (5) or the pressure sensor (8);
the ground host (1) can reduce or improve the working frequency of the variable frequency motor, prolong or shorten the stroke period of the oil pumping rod (3), control the start-stop state of the non-variable frequency motor and prolong the stroke period of the oil pumping rod (3);
the ground host (1) can reduce or increase the working frequency of the variable frequency motor, increase or decrease the stroke period of the sucker rod (3) by a fixed time value, and if N different interference degrees can be realized, the N periodic changes can be identified and distinguished by the underground host, and the device can be used for data communication by using the data code of the highest 'N+1 system';
the ground host (1) can control the start-stop state of the non-variable frequency motor, the stroke period of the sucker rod (3) is increased by a sufficient time value, the underground host (7) can recognize the period change, and the device can perform data communication by binary data coding.
2. The variable frequency interference communication device for a rod-pumped well according to claim 1, wherein: when the sucker rod (3) is driven to ascend by the oil pump (6), liquid in the sleeve is pumped away, and the pressure of the sleeve can continuously decrease; when the sucker rod (3) is driven to descend by the oil pump (6), the stratum can permeate liquid into the casing, the casing pressure is slowly recovered, the underground host (7) continuously samples the casing pressure curve through the pressure sensor (8) and identifies the pressure curve, and the period of each stroke is calculated.
3. The variable frequency interference communication device for a rod-pumped well according to claim 1, wherein: when the ground host (1) encodes data to be transmitted to the underground, a mixed system special encoding mode can be adopted, the non-interference stroke is used as much as possible, the '0' encoding is used, and the operation interference to the pumping unit is reduced.
4. A communication method of a frequency conversion interference communication device of an oil pumping well is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the oil pumping well variable frequency interference communication device comprises the oil pumping well variable frequency interference communication device according to any one of claims 1-3, the method comprising the steps of:
the ground host encodes the communication information and obtains a first data code;
the ground host adds a check code to the first data code and obtains a second data code;
the ground host encrypts the second data code and obtains a third data code;
the ground host sends a control instruction to the motor according to the third data code;
the motor interferes with the movement of the sucker rod in the oil pipe according to the control command;
detecting an actual period of running of the sucker rod in the oil pipe by a downhole host;
the underground host judges the time difference between the actual period and the stable period;
the downhole host analyzes the third data code through the time difference;
the downhole host decrypts the third data code and obtains the second data code;
the downhole host checks the second data code and obtains the first data code;
and the underground host is encoded according to the first data to acquire the communication information sent by the ground host.
5. The communication method of the variable frequency interference communication device for the rod-pumped well according to claim 4, wherein: the step of the downhole host detecting an actual period of operation of the sucker rod in the tubing comprises the steps of:
connecting the downhole host with a pressure sensor circuit;
the underground host machine carries out continuous and rapid sampling through the pressure sensor to form a pressure-time curve;
the downhole host identifies the periodically varying "pressure-time" to obtain the actual period of the sucker rod movement in the tubing.
6. The communication method of the variable frequency interference communication device for the rod-pumped well according to claim 4, wherein: the method further comprises the steps before the ground host encodes the communication information and obtains the first data code:
acquiring the stable period of the sucker rod moving in an oil pipe;
and setting the first data codes corresponding to different time differences according to the stable period.
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| CN113595597A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-02 | 河北中清永晟石油科技有限公司 | Ground and underground bidirectional wireless communication system, device and method |
| CN115680633B (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-05-23 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Information transmission device and information transmission method for oil production well |
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| CN1098965C (en) * | 1999-08-27 | 2003-01-15 | 卢旭 | Full-autometic oil producing unit |
| US9140253B2 (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2015-09-22 | Harold Wells Associates, Inc. | Control device, oil well with device and method |
| US9234517B2 (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2016-01-12 | Harold Wells Associates, Inc. | Pump control device, oil well with device and method |
| KR20110106685A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2011-09-29 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Method and apparatus for controlling a motor and disk drive and storage media applying the same |
| GB2513370B (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2019-12-18 | Zenith Oilfield Tech Limited | Data communications system |
| CN204836022U (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-12-02 | 新疆敦华石油技术股份有限公司 | Device is joined to automatic accent of beam -pumping unit |
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| CN103967449A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-08-06 | 博世力士乐（常州）有限公司 | Operational control system and corresponding control method of hydraulic pumping unit |
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