CN112502038A

CN112502038A - Bridge guardrail reinforcing anti-collision structure

Info

Publication number: CN112502038A
Application number: CN202011355369.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张金生; 祁彩霞; 师春智; 马建军; 王建舟
Original assignee: Guyuan Kaida Highway Engineering Co ltd
Current assignee: Guyuan Kaida Highway Engineering Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-27
Filing date: 2020-11-27
Publication date: 2021-03-16

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bridge guardrails, in particular to a bridge guardrail reinforcing and anti-collision structure which comprises protective columns, protective steel pipes are fixedly arranged in round holes in a penetrating mode, the lower ends of the protective columns are fixedly connected with a fixing base, a plurality of fixing holes are formed in the fixing base, a reinforcing assembly is arranged at the lower end of each protective column, a guardrail grid is horizontally arranged between the two protective columns, a grid-shaped steel rope is arranged in the guardrail grid in a matching mode, the end portions of the grid-shaped steel rope penetrate through the protective columns and extend to the inner portions of the protective columns and are connected with the protective columns through a buffering unwinding assembly, a frame body is arranged between the two protective columns, a plurality of fixing plates are vertically and uniformly arranged. The invention discloses a bridge guardrail with extremely high stability, which is provided with multiple anti-collision assemblies, can ensure the force unloading and the protection effect, and can ensure that accident vehicles cannot rush out of a bridge to cause serious consequences when the guardrail is damaged due to extreme collision.

Description

Bridge guardrail reinforcing anti-collision structure

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of bridge guardrails, in particular to a bridge guardrail reinforcing and anti-collision structure.

Background

The bridge generally refers to a structure which is erected on rivers, lakes and seas and enables vehicles, pedestrians and the like to smoothly pass through. The bridge has an important position in traffic, and an important ring in a traffic hub is constructed; the bridge generally comprises an upper structure, a lower structure, a support and an auxiliary structure, wherein the upper structure is also called a bridge span structure and is a main structure for spanning obstacles; the lower structure comprises a bridge abutment, a bridge pier and a foundation; the support is a force transmission device arranged at the supporting positions of the bridge span structure and the bridge pier or the bridge abutment; the auxiliary structures refer to bridge head butt straps, conical revetments, bank protection, diversion projects and the like;

in the upper structure of the bridge, a bridge guardrail is an important safety structure, so that the running safety of vehicles is ensured, and the serious consequences caused by the fact that the vehicles rush out of the bridge when an accident happens are avoided;

the patent document with the national patent application number of CN201811640308.7 discloses a bridge guardrail structure, which comprises guard piles arranged on two sides of a bridge at intervals along the moving direction of the bridge and a reinforcing plate arranged below the bridge, wherein each guard pile comprises a base, a central column arranged on the base and a damping sleeve rotatably arranged on the outer side of the central column, and the central column downwards passes through the bridge and is fixedly connected with the reinforcing plate;

the defects of the patent are as follows:

1. the protection effect is single, and the fixation firmness is low;

2. when the device bears the collision which cannot be borne, extra danger avoiding operation cannot be carried out, and the vehicle can rush out of the bridge to cause serious consequences.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention is directed to a reinforced anti-collision structure for a bridge rail, which has a better protection effect.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the bridge guardrail reinforcing and anti-collision structure provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises protection columns, wherein the protection columns are of channel steel structures, the upper ends of the protection columns are horizontally provided with circular holes in a penetrating manner, protection steel pipes are fixedly arranged in the circular holes in a penetrating manner, the lower ends of the protection columns are fixedly connected with a fixed seat, the fixed seat is provided with a plurality of fixed holes, the lower ends of the protection columns are provided with reinforcing components, a guardrail grid is horizontally arranged between the two protection columns, two ends of two sides of the guardrail grid are fixedly sleeved with annular reinforcing blocks, the annular reinforcing blocks are fixedly sleeved with mounting plates, the mounting plates are fixedly connected with the protection columns through a plurality of fastening bolts, the guardrail grid is hollow, grid-shaped steel ropes are matched and arranged in the guardrail grid, the end parts of the grid-shaped steel ropes penetrate through the protection columns to extend into the protection columns and, the anti-collision frame is characterized in that two connecting seats are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on one side of each protective column, a frame-shaped frame body is arranged between the protective columns, the frame-shaped frame body and the four connecting seats are fixedly connected through fixing bolts, a plurality of fixing plates are vertically and uniformly fixed in the frame-shaped frame body, and the fixing plates are all provided with anti-collision assemblies.

Further, consolidate the subassembly including fixed the type of falling T concrete embedded piece that sets up at the fixing base downside, the vertical steel reinforcement cage that is equipped with of type of falling T concrete embedded piece downside, pour into the type of falling T concrete embedded piece in the steel reinforcement cage upper end, protection post one side is equipped with the triangle back up frame, triangle back up frame and protection post fixed connection, triangle back up frame lower extreme fixedly connected with mount pad, be equipped with a plurality of screw holes on the mount pad, the fixed type of falling T of being equipped with of mount pad downside consolidates the embedded piece.

Further, the buffering unreels the subassembly including setting up a section of thick bamboo that holds in the protection post, hold a section of thick bamboo both ends all with protection post inner wall fixed connection, grid form steel cable tip extend to hold a section of thick bamboo and with protection post fixed connection, the cover is equipped with annular damping piece on the grid form steel cable, annular damping piece is the rough surface with the contact surface of grid form steel cable, grid form steel cable overcoat is equipped with buffer spring, buffer spring one end and protection post fixed connection, buffer spring other end and annular damping piece fixed connection, the grid form steel cable that buffer spring one side was kept away from to annular damping piece is the form of coiling.

Further, the anticollision subassembly is including setting up a plurality of elastic ball bodies in fixed plate one side, evenly fixed being equipped with a plurality of hemispheric shells on the fixed plate, it is a plurality of elastic ball body interference embedding respectively is internal in a plurality of hemispheric shells, hemisphere shell diameter is greater than elastic ball body, be equipped with in the hemispheric shell and accept the spheroid, the interference cover is equipped with the fixed block on accepting the spheroid, accept spheroid and elastic ball body contact, the fixed block passes through damping spring and hemisphere shell inner wall fixed connection, be equipped with the subassembly that sprays by fixed block control on the hemispheric shell.

Further, the spraying assembly comprises a containing box body fixedly arranged on one side of the hemispherical shell far away from the elastic ball body, the containing box body is fixedly connected with a leading hard tube, a pressing type control valve is fixedly connected onto the leading hard tube, a driving telescopic rod is arranged in the damping spring, one end of the driving telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the fixed block, the other end of the driving telescopic rod penetrates through the hemispherical shell and is fixedly connected with the control end of the pressing type control valve, and the containing box body is filled with compressed air and a dry powder extinguishing agent.

Further, evenly be equipped with a plurality of gusset plates in the guardrail grid, a plurality of gusset plate all with the sealed fixed connection of guardrail grid, be equipped with the through-hole that matches with grid form steel cable on the gusset plate.

Further, protection post bilateral symmetry is equipped with a plurality of triangle gusset plates, triangle gusset plate and the equal fixed connection of protection post and fixing base.

Further, the shortest length of the driving telescopic rod is slightly greater than the shortest length of the limit compression of the damping spring.

Further, the working steps of the anti-collision structure for reinforcing the bridge guardrail are as follows:

a) when the traffic accident guardrail is collided, the elastic spheres in the frame body are firstly collided, the elastic spheres rotate in the hemispherical shell to change the direction of the force received by the collision, the force unloading function is realized, and the elastic spheres can efficiently change the direction of the accident car, so that the protection function is realized;

b) when the elastic ball body is collided, the bearing ball body is driven and the fixing block is moved, when the fixing block moves, the damping spring is compressed, a further damping effect is achieved, when the damping spring is compressed to the shortest length, the fixing block controls the pressing type control valve by driving the telescopic rod, the pressing type control valve is opened, compressed air in the containing box body is sprayed out through the guide hard pipe, and the wrapped and carried dry powder extinguishing agent is guided out and sprayed onto an accident vehicle;

c) when the collision that can not release force is received, the frame-shaped frame body deforms after the collision, the collision is transmitted to the guardrail grating, the guardrail grating can play a further blocking role, and the guardrail grating deforms and is matched with the internal grid-shaped steel rope to buffer the collision after the blocking failure;

d) when the buffering fails and the guardrail grating is broken or knocked off, the coiled section of the grid-shaped steel rope in the accommodating barrel is pulled and pulled out of the protective column, and in the pulling-out process, the force is continuously removed under the action of the friction force between the annular damping block and the grid-shaped steel rope and the action of the buffer spring, and finally the grid-shaped steel rope is completely pulled out and tightened to wrap the accident vehicle net, so that the accident vehicle is prevented from rushing out of the bridge;

e) the protection post in this guardrail is firm fixes on the bridge, installs through fastening bolt, has set up type of falling T concrete embedded block and steel reinforcement cage simultaneously and has carried out pre-buried fixed increase steadiness, and further still set up the triangle anchor frame and consolidate, and the triangle anchor frame is consolidated the embedded block through the type of falling T and is fixed simultaneously, guarantees the steadiness of protection post, consolidates through the protection steel pipe between protection post and the protection post simultaneously to play the effect of bearing the force simultaneously.

Compared with the prior art, the bridge guardrail reinforcing and anti-collision structure provided by the invention is provided with the protective column as the guardrail main body, the protective column is fixed on a bridge and is simultaneously provided with the reinforcing assembly, the protective column is stably fixed through the embedded block and the reinforcement cage, the triangular reinforcing frame is arranged for reinforcing, and the triangular reinforcing frame is fixed through the embedded block, so that the stable fixation of the protective column is ensured, and the whole structure has a reinforcing effect; meanwhile, the guardrail is provided with a frame-shaped frame body, a plurality of elastic balls in the frame-shaped frame body are firstly collided, so that the effects of force unloading and collision force direction changing can be achieved, a first layer of protection effect is achieved, and meanwhile, the elastic balls are collided to trigger the spraying assembly, so that dry powder extinguishing agent can be sprayed out of accident vehicles; this guardrail has still set up the second floor protection, after the first layer protection is hit brokenly by the collision, protects through the guardrail grid and blocks, blocks the failure back when the guardrail grid, can wrap up in the accident vehicle through the inside grid form steel cable net of guardrail grid, avoids the accident vehicle to rush out the bridge.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.

This document provides an overview of various implementations or examples of the technology described in this disclosure, and is not a comprehensive disclosure of the full scope or all features of the disclosed technology.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic rear perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection between the guard post and the grill of the guardrail of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal perspective of the containment vessel of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a perspective view of the bumper assembly of the present invention.

The main reference numbers:

1 … protection column, 2 … guardrail grid, 3 … annular reinforcing block, 4 … mounting plate, 5 … grid-shaped steel rope, 6 … protection steel pipe, 7 … fixing seat, 8 … connecting seat, 9 … frame body, 10 … fixing plate, 11 … inverted T-shaped concrete embedded block, 12 … steel reinforcement cage, 13 … triangular reinforcing frame, 14 … mounting seat, 15 … inverted T-shaped reinforcing embedded block, 16 … triangular reinforcing plate, 17 … containing cylinder, 18 … annular damping block, 19 … buffer spring, 20 … elastic ball, 21 … semi-ball shell, 22 … bearing ball, 23 … fixing block, 24 … shock-absorbing spring, 25 … containing box body, 26 … leading-out hard pipe, 27 … push type control valve and 28 … driving telescopic rod.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

It is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the disclosure without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the disclosure.

Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of the word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, in this disclosure is intended to mean that the elements or items listed before that word, include the elements or items listed after that word, and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may also include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.

To maintain the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure clear and concise, a detailed description of known functions and known components have been omitted from the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the bridge guardrail reinforcing and anti-collision structure comprises protection columns 1, wherein the protection columns 1 are in channel steel structures, the upper ends of the protection columns 1 are horizontally provided with round holes in a penetrating manner, protection steel pipes 6 are fixedly arranged in the round holes in a penetrating manner, so that the adjacent protection columns 1 have the effect of mutual stress, the lower ends of the protection columns 1 are fixedly connected with fixing seats 7, the fixing seats 7 are provided with a plurality of fixing holes and can be fixed through bolts, the lower ends of the protection columns 1 are provided with reinforcing components for reinforcing, a guardrail grating 2 is horizontally arranged between the two protection columns 1, two ends of two sides of the guardrail grating 2 are respectively and fixedly sleeved with annular reinforcing blocks 3, the annular reinforcing blocks 3 are fixedly sleeved with mounting plates 4, the mounting plates 4 are fixedly connected with the protection columns 1 through a plurality of fastening bolts and can be mounted or dismounted, the guardrail grating 2 is hollow, grid-shaped steel ropes, the tip of grid form steel cable 5 runs through protection post 1 and extends to protection post 1 inside and unreel the subassembly through the buffering and be connected with protection post 1, can carry out final guard action when guardrail grid 2 loses the guard action, 1 fixed two connecting seats 8 that are equipped with of protection post one side symmetry, be equipped with frame type support body 9 between two protection posts 1, frame type support body 9 all passes through fixing bolt fixed connection with four connecting seats 8, the installation can be dismantled to frame type support body 9, vertical even fixed a plurality of fixed plates 10 that set up in the frame type support body 9, all be equipped with anticollision subassembly on a plurality of fixed plates 10, can play the anticollision effect.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the reinforcement assembly comprises an inverted T-shaped concrete embedded block 11 fixedly arranged on the lower side of a fixing seat 7, and can be embedded, so that a fixing effect is achieved, a reinforcement cage 12 is vertically arranged on the lower side of the inverted T-shaped concrete embedded block 11, the upper end of the reinforcement cage 12 is poured into the inverted T-shaped concrete embedded block 11, the embedding depth is further improved, the fixing stability is improved, a triangular reinforcing frame 13 is arranged on one side of a protection column 1, the triangular reinforcing frame 13 is fixedly connected with the protection column 1, a mounting seat 14 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the triangular reinforcing frame 13, a plurality of threaded holes are formed in the mounting seat 14, the reinforcement assembly can be installed through bolts, the triangular reinforcing frame 13 plays a role in reinforcing and supporting the protection column 1, an inverted T-shaped reinforced embedded block 15 is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the mounting seat.

As shown in fig. 5, the buffering unwinding assembly includes an accommodating cylinder 17 disposed in the protection post 1, two ends of the accommodating cylinder 17 are both fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protection post 1, the end of the grid-shaped steel rope 5 extends to the accommodating cylinder 17 and is fixedly connected to the protection post 1, an annular damping block 18 is sleeved on the grid-shaped steel rope 5, a contact surface between the annular damping block 18 and the grid-shaped steel rope 5 is rough, the grid-shaped steel rope 5 can be buffered by friction force, a buffering spring 19 is sleeved outside the grid-shaped steel rope 5, one end of the buffering spring 19 is fixedly connected to the protection post 1, the other end of the buffering spring 19 is fixedly connected to the annular damping block 18, the buffering spring 19 provides elasticity to achieve a buffering effect, the grid-shaped steel rope 5 on the side of the annular damping block 18 away from the buffering spring 19 is coiled, so that the grid-shaped steel rope 5 has an.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 6, the anti-collision assembly includes a plurality of elastic balls 20 disposed on one side of the fixing plate 10, a plurality of semi-spherical shells 21 are uniformly fixed on the fixing plate 10, the elastic balls 20 are respectively embedded into the semi-spherical shells 21 in an interference manner, the elastic balls 20 rotate to play roles of unloading force and changing collision direction when being collided, the diameter of the semi-spherical shells 21 is greater than that of the elastic balls 20, a bearing ball 22 is disposed in the semi-spherical shells 21, a fixing block 23 is disposed on the bearing ball 22 in an interference manner, the bearing ball 22 contacts with the elastic balls 20, the rotation of the elastic balls 20 is not affected, the fixing block 23 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the semi-spherical shell 21 through a damping spring 24, the damping protection effect can be achieved, and a spraying assembly controlled.

As shown in fig. 6, the spraying assembly comprises a containing box 25 fixedly arranged on one side of the semispherical shell 21 far away from the elastic ball 20, a guiding hard tube 26 fixedly connected with the containing box 25, a pressing control valve 27 fixedly connected with the guiding hard tube 26 is arranged on the guiding hard tube 26, the guiding hard tube 26 can be opened by opening the pressing control valve 27, a driving telescopic rod 28 is arranged in the damping spring 24, one end of the driving telescopic rod 28 is fixedly connected with the fixed block 23, the other end of the driving telescopic rod 28 penetrates through the semispherical shell 21 and is fixedly connected with the control end of the pressing control valve 27, the containing box 25 is filled with compressed air and dry powder extinguishing agent, when the elastic ball 20 is driven by collision, the ball 22 is received, the ball 22 is driven to drive the driving telescopic rod 28, the pressing control valve 27 is pressed, so that the compressed air.

Wherein, evenly be equipped with a plurality of gusset plates in the guardrail grid 2, a plurality of gusset plates all with 2 sealed fixed connection of guardrail grid, be equipped with the through-hole that matches with grid form steel cable 5 on the gusset plate, increase guardrail grid 2's steadiness, carry on spacingly to grid form steel cable 5 simultaneously.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a plurality of triangular reinforcing plates 16 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the protective column 1, and the triangular reinforcing plates 16 are fixedly connected with the protective column 1 and the fixing seat 7, so that a reinforcing effect can be achieved, and firmness between the fixing seat 7 and the protective column 1 is improved.

As shown in fig. 6, the shortest length of the telescopic driving rod 28 is slightly longer than the shortest length of the damping spring 24 at the maximum compression, and the telescopic driving rod 28 can be driven when the damping spring 24 is compressed to the shortest length.

The working steps of the bridge guardrail reinforcing anti-collision structure are as follows:

a) when the traffic accident guardrail is collided, the elastic spheres 20 in the frame-shaped frame body 9 are firstly collided, the elastic spheres 20 rotate in the hemispherical shell 21, the direction of the force received by the collision is changed, the force unloading function is realized, and the elastic spheres 20 can efficiently change the direction of the accident car, so that the protection function is realized;

b) when the elastic ball 20 is collided, the bearing ball 22 is driven and the fixing block 23 is moved, when the fixing block 23 is moved, the damping spring 24 is compressed to play a further damping role, when the damping spring 24 is compressed to the minimum length, the fixing block 23 controls the pressing type control valve 27 by driving the telescopic rod 28, the pressing type control valve 27 is opened, compressed air in the accommodating box body 25 is sprayed out through the guide hard pipe 26, and the wrapped dry powder extinguishing agent is guided out and sprayed on an accident vehicle;

c) when the collision that can not release force is received, the frame-shaped frame body 9 deforms after the collision, the collision is transmitted to the guardrail grating 2, the guardrail grating 2 can play a further blocking role, and the guardrail grating 2 deforms after the blocking failure and is matched with the inner grid-shaped steel rope 5 to buffer the collision;

d) when the buffering fails and the guardrail grating 2 is broken or knocked off, the coiled section of the grating-shaped steel rope 5 in the accommodating barrel 17 is pulled and pulled out of the protective column 1, and in the pulling-out process, the force is continuously removed under the action of the friction force between the annular damping block 18 and the grating-shaped steel rope 5 and the action of the buffer spring 19, and finally the grating-shaped steel rope 5 is completely pulled out and tightened to net and wrap the accident vehicle, so that the accident vehicle is prevented from rushing out of a bridge;

e) the protection post 1 in this guardrail is firm fixes on the bridge, install through fastening bolt, set up type of falling T concrete embedded block 11 and steel reinforcement cage 12 simultaneously and carry out pre-buried fixed increase steadiness, further still set up triangle reinforcing frame 13 and consolidate, triangle reinforcing frame 13 is fixed through type of falling T reinforcement embedded block 15 simultaneously, guarantee the steadiness of protection post 1, consolidate through protection steel pipe 6 between protection post 1 and the protection post 1 simultaneously, and play the effect of bearing force simultaneously.

The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The anti-collision structure is reinforced by bridge guardrails and is characterized by comprising a protective column (1), wherein the protective column (1) adopts a channel steel structure, a round hole is horizontally arranged in the upper end of the protective column (1) in a penetrating manner, a protective steel pipe (6) is fixedly arranged in the round hole in a penetrating manner, a fixing seat (7) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the protective column (1), a plurality of fixing holes are formed in the fixing seat (7), a reinforcing component is arranged at the lower end of the protective column (1), a guardrail grating (2) is horizontally arranged between the two protective columns (1), annular reinforcing blocks (3) are fixedly sleeved at two ends of two sides of the guardrail grating (2), a mounting plate (4) is fixedly sleeved on each annular reinforcing block (3), the mounting plate (4) is fixedly connected with the protective column (1) through a plurality of fastening bolts, the guardrail grating (2) is hollow inside, a grating-shaped steel rope (5) is arranged in the guardrail grating (, the utility model discloses a safety protection post, including protection post (1), protection post (1) and frame type support body (9), the tip of grid form steel cable (5) runs through protection post (1) and extends to protection post (1) inside and unreel the subassembly through the buffering and be connected with protection post (1), protection post (1) one side symmetry is fixed and is equipped with two connecting seats (8), two be equipped with frame type support body (9) between protection post (1), frame type support body (9) all pass through fixing bolt fixed connection with four connecting seats (8), vertical even fixed a plurality of fixed plates (10) that set up in frame type support body (9), it is a plurality of all be equipped with anticollision subassembly on fixed plate (10).

2. The bridge guardrail reinforcing and anti-collision structure of claim 1, wherein the reinforcing component comprises an inverted T-shaped concrete embedded block (11) fixedly arranged on the lower side of the fixing seat (7), a reinforcement cage (12) is vertically arranged on the lower side of the inverted T-shaped concrete embedded block (11), the upper end of the reinforcement cage (12) is poured into the inverted T-shaped concrete embedded block (11), a triangular reinforcing frame (13) is arranged on one side of the protection column (1), the triangular reinforcing frame (13) is fixedly connected with the protection column (1), a mounting seat (14) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the triangular reinforcing frame (13), a plurality of threaded holes are formed in the mounting seat (14), and an inverted T-shaped reinforcing embedded block (15) is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the mounting seat (14).

3. The bridge guardrail reinforcing and anti-collision structure of claim 1, characterized in that the buffer unreeling assembly comprises a containing cylinder (17) arranged in the protective post (1), both ends of the accommodating cylinder (17) are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the protective column (1), the end part of the grid-shaped steel rope (5) extends to the accommodating cylinder (17) and is fixedly connected with the protective column (1), an annular damping block (18) is sleeved on the grid-shaped steel rope (5), the contact surface of the annular damping block (18) and the grid-shaped steel rope (5) is a rough surface, a buffer spring (19) is sleeved outside the grid-shaped steel rope (5), one end of the buffer spring (19) is fixedly connected with the protective column (1), the other end of the buffer spring (19) is fixedly connected with the annular damping block (18), the grid-shaped steel rope (5) on one side, away from the buffer spring (19), of the annular damping block (18) is coiled.

4. The bridge guardrail reinforcing and anti-collision structure according to claim 1, wherein the anti-collision assembly comprises a plurality of elastic spheres (20) arranged on one side of a fixing plate (10), the fixing plate (10) is uniformly and fixedly provided with a plurality of hemispherical shells (21), the elastic spheres (20) are respectively embedded into the plurality of hemispherical shells (21) in an interference manner, the diameters of the hemispherical shells (21) are larger than those of the elastic spheres (20), bearing spheres (22) are arranged in the hemispherical shells (21), fixing blocks (23) are sleeved on the bearing spheres (22) in an interference manner, the bearing spheres (22) are in contact with the elastic spheres (20), the fixing blocks (23) are fixedly connected with the inner walls of the hemispherical shells (21) through damping springs (24), and spraying assemblies controlled by the fixing blocks (23) are arranged on the hemispherical shells (21).

5. The bridge guardrail reinforcing and anti-collision structure of claim 2, wherein the spraying assembly comprises a containing box body (25) fixedly arranged on one side of the semispherical shell (21) far away from the elastic ball body (20), the containing box body (25) is fixedly connected with a leading-out hard tube (26), a pressing type control valve (27) is fixedly connected to the leading-out hard tube (26), a driving telescopic rod (28) is arranged in the damping spring (24), one end of the driving telescopic rod (28) is fixedly connected with the fixing block (23), the other end of the driving telescopic rod (28) penetrates through the semispherical shell (21) and is fixedly connected with the control end of the pressing type control valve (27), and the containing box body (25) is filled with compressed air and dry powder extinguishing agent.

6. The bridge guardrail reinforcing and anti-collision structure of claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of reinforcing plates are uniformly arranged in the guardrail grid (2), the reinforcing plates are fixedly connected with the guardrail grid (2) in a sealing manner, and the reinforcing plates are provided with through holes matched with the grid-shaped steel ropes (5).

7. The bridge guardrail reinforcing and anti-collision structure of claim 1, wherein a plurality of triangular reinforcing plates (16) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the protective column (1), and the triangular reinforcing plates (16) are fixedly connected with the protective column (1) and the fixing seat (7).

8. The bridge railing reinforced collision avoidance structure of claim 5, wherein the shortest length of the drive rod (28) is slightly greater than the shortest length of the damping spring (24) at the limit of compression.