CN112501666B - Treatment method of long-acting corrosion-resistant coating on surface of aluminum frame of solar component - Google Patents
Treatment method of long-acting corrosion-resistant coating on surface of aluminum frame of solar component Download PDFInfo
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- CN112501666B CN112501666B CN202011468311.2A CN202011468311A CN112501666B CN 112501666 B CN112501666 B CN 112501666B CN 202011468311 A CN202011468311 A CN 202011468311A CN 112501666 B CN112501666 B CN 112501666B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/06—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/026—Anodisation with spark discharge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
The invention disclosesA treatment method of a long-acting corrosion-resistant coating on the surface of an aluminum frame of a solar component specifically comprises the following steps: s1: preparing an electrolyte: preparing electrolyte proportionally from KOH and NaAlO 2 、Na 4 P 2 O 7 、MoS 2 Adding deionized water or distilled water for dissolving, and stirring uniformly to obtain micro-arc oxidation electrolyte; s2: micro-arc oxidation: placing the aluminum frame of the solar assembly on the anode of an electrolytic tank in a micro-arc oxidation system, adopting a stainless steel plate as a cathode, switching on a micro-arc oxidation power supply, controlling the power supply to output a positive pulse current of 5-10A/dm2, a negative pulse current of 2-5A/dm2, an output frequency of 500-1000HZ, a duty ratio of 5-10%, an oxidation time of 10-30min and maintaining the temperature of an electrolyte at 10-30 ℃ in the whole micro-arc oxidation process; s3: and (4) ultrasonic water washing. S4: and (5) drying.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new material manufacturing, and particularly relates to a method for processing a long-acting corrosion-resistant coating on the surface of an aluminum frame of a solar component.
Background
New energy power generation is always a field which is seriously considered by the nation, the solar power generation industry develops rapidly in the years, solar energy is clean energy, and the environment cannot be polluted in the process of converting the solar energy into electric energy. Therefore, photovoltaic power stations are constructed in large quantities in various places. Photovoltaic module products are also multiplied in demand, with the aluminum alloy frame of the solar panel also being part of the module. The solar frame is made of extruded aluminum profiles through surface treatment and deep processing. The frame requirement of the photovoltaic solar module is higher than that of a common aluminum alloy section, the average thickness of an oxide film of the common aluminum alloy section is 10 micrometers, and the frame of the photovoltaic module is 15 micrometers. The photovoltaic module frame is easily corroded in outdoor environment and severe weather for a long time.
At present, most of the surface treatment modes of the aluminum frame of the solar component adopt an anodic oxidation mode, and a composite electrophoresis mode is adopted in the aspect of solving the corrosion resistance, and a small amount of processes adopt powder spraying, PVDF and the like. On the premise of solving the problem of waste water and waste liquid discharge from the source, an environment-friendly surface treatment process is explored to replace the current traditional anodic oxidation process, and the subsequent development of the aluminum alloy surface treatment industry is greatly influenced. Compared with the anodic oxidation process, the electrolyte of the micro-arc oxidation process has the characteristics of high voltage and strong current, higher electric field intensity, higher current density, low bath solution sensitivity, higher working temperature, longer service cycle and the like, but the prepared coating has a place worth of improving the corrosion resistance.
In conclusion, the design of an industrial production method for preparing the long-acting corrosion-resistant coating on the surface is particularly important for the aluminum frame of the solar module. At present, no green and environment-friendly preparation method related to the long-acting corrosion-resistant coating on the surface of the aluminum frame of the solar component exists in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a treatment method of a long-acting corrosion-resistant coating on the surface of an aluminum frame of a solar component, and the produced micro-arc oxidation corrosion-resistant coating has the characteristics of strong corrosion resistance, good weather resistance, excellent decoration, salt mist protection, high wear resistance and the like.
In order to realize the technical effects, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a treatment method of a long-acting corrosion-resistant coating on the surface of an aluminum frame of a solar component specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing an electrolyte:
preparing electrolyte proportionally from KOH and NaAlO 2 、Na 4 P 2 O 7 、MoS 2 Adding deionized water or distilled water for dissolving, wherein the concentration of KOH is more than or equal to 3g/L and less than or equal to 4g/L, and the concentration of NaAlO is more than or equal to 1g/L 2 The concentration of the (b) is less than or equal to 4g/L, na 4 P 2 O 7 The concentration of the (A) is 4-8g/L, and MoS is not less than 1g/L 2 The concentration of the micro-arc oxidation electrolyte is less than or equal to 5g/L, and the micro-arc oxidation electrolyte is obtained after uniform stirring;
s2: micro-arc oxidation:
placing the aluminum frame of the solar assembly on the anode of an electrolytic tank in a micro-arc oxidation system, adopting a stainless steel plate as a cathode, switching on a micro-arc oxidation power supply, controlling the power supply to output a positive pulse current of 5-10A/dm2, a negative pulse current of 2-5A/dm2, an output frequency of 500-1000HZ, a duty ratio of 5-10%, an oxidation time of 10-30min and maintaining the temperature of an electrolyte at 10-30 ℃ in the whole micro-arc oxidation process;
s3: and (5) washing the solar assembly aluminum frame subjected to micro-arc oxidation treatment in the step (S2) with ultrasonic water.
S4: and (4) taking out the solar assembly aluminum frame subjected to ultrasonic wave washing in the step (S3) and drying.
MoS2 is three crystal structures of tetragonal system with octahedral coordination, hexagonal symmetric system (2H) with molybdenum atom triangular prism coordination, and orthorhombic symmetric system (3R), of which the most stable and common state is the hexagonal symmetric structure. In the two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide structure, both a 1H structure with molybdenum atoms in trigonal-cylindrical coordination and a 1T configuration with octahedral coordination exist, and each Mo atom is combined with six S atoms of two interlayers through a covalent bond. And Na 4 P 2 O 7 Is a long chain structure with macromolecules, and can be hydrolyzed into disodium hydrogen phosphate in water. Has strong pH buffering property and has certain chelation effect on metal ions. This is in contrast to MoS 2 The combination of the 1T configuration of the octahedral coordination in the medium ensures that the macromolecular chain can wrap MoS well 2 Under the action of the electric field, the coating moves to the surface of the coating, so that the coating enters the molten aluminum oxide coating, is deposited in a discharge channel and is stored, the discharge channel is blocked, micropores on the surface of the coating are filled or blocked, and the problem that a corrosive medium enters a transmission channel of the coating is solved to a certain extent, and MoS (MoS) 2 Molecular layer andthe layers are combined by Van der Waals force, the acting force is small, and the slippage between the layers is easy to realize, so that the self-lubricating effect is achieved. So that the effect is greatly improved both in terms of corrosion resistance and in terms of wear resistance.
In a further improvement, in step S4, the solar module aluminum frame after ultrasonic wave water washing in step S3 is taken out and air-dried.
In a further improvement, in the step S3, the solar module aluminum frame after the micro-arc oxidation treatment in the step S2 is subjected to ultrasonic water washing for 3 minutes.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: compared with the prior solar component aluminum frame surface treatment technology (such as the processes of anodic oxidation, powder spraying, PVDF and the like), the method of the invention replaces the traditional long-flow anodic oxidation process with waste liquid discharge pressure, has no wastewater generation in the whole production process, is green, environment-friendly, safe, reliable and good in repeatability, and can realize the production of long-acting corrosion-resistant coatings with short flow, automation, low cost and large batch on the surface of the solar component aluminum frame; the method is expected to accelerate the wide application of the aluminum frame of the solar component in the corrosion resistant industry, promote the innovation and development of the surface treatment industry of the aluminum frame of the solar component and promote the transformation and upgrading of energy conservation and environmental protection and long-acting corrosion resistance in the manufacturing industry.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a real object after micro-arc oxidation treatment of an aluminum frame of a solar module;
FIG. 2 shows the surface morphology and the cross-sectional morphology of the SEM after the micro-arc oxidation treatment of the aluminum frame of the solar module.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Example 1
Step 1: preparing an electrolyte
Weighing a certain amount of KOH (3 g/L) and Na 4 P 2 O 7 (5g/L)、NaAlO 2 (2 g/L) is addedDissolving the micro-arc oxidation electrolyte in ionized water or distilled water, and uniformly stirring to obtain the micro-arc oxidation electrolyte;
step 2: micro-arc oxidation
Placing the aluminum frame of the solar assembly on the anode of an electrolytic tank in a micro-arc oxidation system, adopting a stainless steel plate as a cathode, switching on a micro-arc oxidation power supply, controlling the power supply to output a positive pulse current of 8A/dm2, a negative pulse current of 4A/dm2, an output frequency of 800HZ, a duty ratio of 5 percent, an oxidation time of 20min and maintaining the temperature of the electrolyte at 20 ℃ in the whole micro-arc oxidation process;
and step 3: and (3) washing the solar assembly aluminum frame subjected to micro-arc oxidation treatment in the step (2) for 3 minutes by ultrasonic waves.
And 4, step 4: and (4) taking out the solar module aluminum frame subjected to the ultrasonic water washing in the step (3) and air-drying.
The salt spray corrosion resistance (time) of the solar component aluminum frame surface protection corrosion-resistant functional coating produced by the embodiment is 1100h, and the wear resistance is excellent.
Example 2
Step 1: preparing an electrolyte
Weighing a certain amount of KOH (3 g/L) and Na 4 P 2 O 7 (5g/L)、NaAlO 2 (2g/L)、MoS 2 (1 g/L) adding deionized water or distilled water for dissolving, and uniformly stirring to obtain the micro-arc oxidation electrolyte;
and 2, step: micro-arc oxidation
Placing the aluminum frame of the solar assembly on the anode of an electrolytic tank in a micro-arc oxidation system, adopting a stainless steel plate as a cathode, switching on a micro-arc oxidation power supply, controlling the power supply to output a positive pulse current of 5A/dm2, a negative pulse current of 2A/dm2, an output frequency of 500HZ, a duty ratio of 10 percent, an oxidation time of 30min and maintaining the temperature of the electrolyte at 30 ℃ in the whole micro-arc oxidation process;
and step 3: and (3) washing the solar assembly aluminum frame subjected to micro-arc oxidation treatment in the step (2) for 3 minutes by ultrasonic waves.
And 4, step 4: and (4) taking out the solar module aluminum frame subjected to the ultrasonic water washing in the step (3) and air-drying.
The salt spray corrosion resistance (time) of the solar module aluminum frame surface protection corrosion-resistant functional coating produced by the embodiment is 800h, and the wear resistance is excellent.
Example 3
Step 1: preparing an electrolyte
Weighing a certain amount of KOH (3 g/L) and Na 4 P 2 O 7 (5g/L)、NaAlO 2 (2g/L)、MoS 2 (3 g/L) adding deionized water or distilled water for dissolving, and uniformly stirring to obtain the micro-arc oxidation electrolyte;
and 2, step: micro-arc oxidation
Placing the aluminum frame of the solar assembly on the anode of an electrolytic tank in a micro-arc oxidation system, adopting a stainless steel plate as a cathode, switching on a micro-arc oxidation power supply, controlling the power supply to output a positive pulse current of 10A/dm2, a negative pulse current of 5A/dm2, an output frequency of 1000HZ, a duty ratio of 20 percent, an oxidation time of 10min and maintaining the temperature of the electrolyte at 10 ℃ in the whole micro-arc oxidation process;
and 3, step 3: and (3) washing the solar assembly aluminum frame subjected to micro-arc oxidation treatment in the step (2) for 3 minutes by ultrasonic waves.
And 4, step 4: and (4) taking out the solar module aluminum frame subjected to the ultrasonic water washing in the step (3) and air-drying.
The salt spray corrosion resistance (time) of the solar module aluminum frame surface protection corrosion-resistant functional coating produced by the embodiment is 1200h, and the wear resistance is excellent.
Example 4
Step 1: preparing an electrolyte
Weighing a certain amount of KOH (3 g/L) and Na 4 P 2 O 7 (5g/L)、NaAlO 2 (2g/L)、MoS 2 (5 g/L) adding deionized water or distilled water for dissolving, and uniformly stirring to obtain the micro-arc oxidation electrolyte;
step 2: micro-arc oxidation
Placing the aluminum frame of the solar assembly on the anode of an electrolytic tank in a micro-arc oxidation system, adopting a stainless steel plate as a cathode, switching on a micro-arc oxidation power supply, controlling the power supply to output a positive pulse current of 6A/dm2, a negative pulse current of 3A/dm2, an output frequency of 600HZ, a duty ratio of 15 percent, an oxidation time of 20min and maintaining the temperature of the electrolyte at 20 ℃ in the whole micro-arc oxidation process;
and 3, step 3: and (3) washing the solar assembly aluminum frame subjected to micro-arc oxidation treatment in the step (2) for 3 minutes by ultrasonic waves.
And 4, step 4: and (4) taking out the solar module aluminum frame subjected to the ultrasonic water washing in the step (3) and air-drying.
The salt spray corrosion resistance (time) of the protective corrosion-resistant functional coating on the surface of the aluminum frame of the solar component produced by the embodiment is 950h, and the wear resistance is excellent.
Example 5
Step 1: preparing an electrolyte
Weighing a certain amount of KOH (3 g/L) and Na 4 P 2 O 7 (5g/L)、NaAlO 2 (4g/L)、MoS 2 (5 g/L) adding deionized water or distilled water for dissolving, and uniformly stirring to obtain the micro-arc oxidation electrolyte;
step 2: micro-arc oxidation
Placing the aluminum frame of the solar assembly on the anode of an electrolytic tank in a micro-arc oxidation system, adopting a stainless steel plate as a cathode, switching on a micro-arc oxidation power supply, controlling the power supply to output a positive pulse current of 10A/dm2, a negative pulse current of 3A/dm2, an output frequency of 800HZ, a duty ratio of 5 percent, an oxidation time of 20min and maintaining the temperature of the electrolyte at 20 ℃ in the whole micro-arc oxidation process;
and step 3: and (3) washing the aluminum frame of the solar assembly subjected to micro-arc oxidation treatment in the step (2) for 3 minutes by ultrasonic waves.
And 4, step 4: and (4) taking out the solar module aluminum frame subjected to the ultrasonic water washing in the step (3) and air-drying.
The salt spray corrosion resistance (time) of the solar module aluminum frame surface protection corrosion-resistant functional coating produced by the embodiment is 1000h, and the wear resistance is excellent.
As shown in the figures 1-2, the long-acting corrosion-resistant micro-arc oxidation coating on the surface of the aluminum frame of the solar component is uniform in whole, attractive and good in decoration. From the SEM cross-sectional morphology of FIG. 2, it can be seen that the coating is overall denser, the bonding state of the coating and the substrate is good, the thickness of the protective coating is about 20 μm, and the coating can be applied to the surface of the substrateThe base material is effectively protected and coated, the surface of the base material can show that the coating only has a small number of micron-sized blind holes, a compact and uniform barrier layer exists in the coating, the thickness of the barrier layer reaches 5-8 microns, and the base material is analyzed by XRD (X-ray diffraction) to determine that MoS (MoS) really exists in the phase composition in the coating 2 Phase of matter, and also associated with MoP 2 O 7 There is a possibility that the high temperature and high pressure generated at the moment of discharge react to deposit directly in the coating in which MoS is present 2 Can be up to 0.3% -0.8% of the total mass of the coating, and MoP 2 O 7 The method belongs to reaction deposition, the amount of substances is about 2-4%, holes on the surface of the coating are rich in aggregates, and the surface of the whole coating is flat and uniform. The barrier layer isolates direct contact of a corrosive medium and the base material to a certain extent, and the corrosion resistance of the frame of the aluminum alloy solar component is enhanced. Therefore, the protective anti-corrosion functional coating produced by the invention has the characteristics of good weather resistance, excellent decoration, good corrosion resistance, salt mist protection, high wear resistance and the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The treatment method of the long-acting corrosion-resistant coating on the surface of the aluminum frame of the solar component is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: preparing an electrolyte:
preparing electrolyte proportionally from KOH and NaAlO 2 、Na 4 P 2 O 7 、MoS 2 Adding deionized water or distilled water for dissolving, wherein the concentration of KOH is more than or equal to 3g/L and less than or equal to 4g/L, and the concentration of NaAlO2 is more than or equal to 3g/L and less than or equal to 4g/L, na 4 P 2 O 7 The concentration of the micro-arc oxidation electrolyte is 4-8g/L, the concentration of MoS2 is not more than 3g/L and not more than 5g/L, and the micro-arc oxidation electrolyte is obtained after uniform stirring;
s2: micro-arc oxidation:
placing the aluminum frame of the solar assembly on the anode of an electrolytic tank in a micro-arc oxidation system, adopting a stainless steel plate as a cathode, switching on a micro-arc oxidation power supply, controlling the power supply to output a positive pulse current of 5-10A/dm2, a negative pulse current of 2-5A/dm2, an output frequency of 500-1000HZ, a duty ratio of 5-10%, an oxidation time of 10-30min and maintaining the temperature of an electrolyte at 10-30 ℃ in the whole micro-arc oxidation process;
s3: washing the solar assembly aluminum frame subjected to micro-arc oxidation treatment in the step S2 by ultrasonic waves;
s4: and (4) taking out the solar assembly aluminum frame subjected to ultrasonic water washing in the step (S3) and drying by blowing.
2. The method for treating the long-acting corrosion-resistant coating on the surface of the aluminum frame of the solar module according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the aluminum frame of the solar module after ultrasonic wave water washing in the step S3 is taken out and air-dried.
3. The method for processing the long-acting corrosion-resistant coating on the surface of the aluminum frame of the solar component according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the aluminum frame of the solar component after the micro-arc oxidation treatment in the step S2 is subjected to ultrasonic water washing for 3 minutes.
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