CN112501366A - Smelt slag double-deck centrifugal granulation device with air quenching function - Google Patents

Smelt slag double-deck centrifugal granulation device with air quenching function Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112501366A
CN112501366A CN202011488186.1A CN202011488186A CN112501366A CN 112501366 A CN112501366 A CN 112501366A CN 202011488186 A CN202011488186 A CN 202011488186A CN 112501366 A CN112501366 A CN 112501366A
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rotating cup
lower layer
cup
air
upper layer
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CN112501366B (en
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卢中强
郝宗超
宋英峰
张晓龙
魏未
李伟杰
李星华
党照亮
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HENAN INSTITUTE OF METALLURGY CO LTD
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HENAN INSTITUTE OF METALLURGY CO LTD
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
    • C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
    • C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
    • C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
    • C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
    • C21B3/08—Cooling slag
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/05—Apparatus features
    • C21B2400/052—Apparatus features including rotating parts
    • C21B2400/054—Disc-shaped or conical parts for cooling, dispersing or atomising of molten slag rotating along vertical axis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a smelting slag double-layer centrifugal granulating device with a wind quenching function, which comprises an upper layer rotating cup, a lower layer rotating cup, a wind guide base plate, a wind pipe sleeve, a rotating shaft, a motor and a fixed support, wherein the edges of the upper layer rotating cup and the lower layer rotating cup are provided with slope-type bosses, dense sawteeth are uniformly distributed on the slope-type bosses, the upper layer rotating cup and the lower layer rotating cup are both fixed at the upper end of the rotating shaft, the upper layer rotating cup is provided with a plurality of penetrating drainage holes, the wind guide base plate is fixedly connected with the wind pipe sleeve, the rotating shaft penetrates through the wind pipe sleeve, the upper end of the rotating shaft is sleeved with a first bearing, the outer part of the first bearing is provided with a first bearing seat, the first bearing seat is connected with the wind pipe sleeve through a plurality of spokes, a vent is formed between the plurality of spokes, the bottom of the wind pipe sleeve is provided; the invention can improve the treatment capacity of smelting slag, increase the contact surface of the air flow and the slag, optimize the heat exchange efficiency of the air flow and the slag and ensure the slag granulation quality.

Description

Smelt slag double-deck centrifugal granulation device with air quenching function
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of smelting slag granulation, in particular to a smelting slag double-layer centrifugal granulation device with a wind quenching function.
Background
With the increasing aggravation of the energy bottleneck problem in China, the metallurgical industry which consumes a lot of energy needs to realize green sustainable development, develop and utilize and efficiently recover the sensible heat resource of high-temperature molten slag, and become one of the future important energy-saving tasks of the metallurgical industry. In order to reduce energy consumption and pollutant discharge, energy conservation, emission reduction, upgrading and transformation are comprehensively implemented, and the development and application of technologies such as efficient treatment and deep comprehensive utilization of smelting slag, slag waste heat recovery and resource utilization are increased.
Smelting slag in metallurgical industry mainly comes from the processes of smelting and refining steel, ferroalloy and nonferrous heavy metals, wherein the steel production process is the main one. China is a large house for iron and steel production in the world, and the iron and steel yield is always stable in the world for more than 10 years. The yield of the crude steel in 2017 is 8.32 hundred million tons, and by the end of 2021, the yield of the crude steel in China is expected to be in a stable and slightly reduced trend, and reaches 7.5 to 8 hundred million tons. In the steel production process, the steel slag is a byproduct in converter steel production, 100-150 kg of steel slag is produced per ton of steel, and if the slag production per ton of steel is calculated by 120kg, the total slag production per year in China is nearly 1 hundred million tons.
The steel slag is prepared from CaO, MgO, FeO, MnO and SiO2And the composite oxide is formed in the processes of high-temperature dissolution and chemical reaction in steel making, and is discharged out of the furnace in a liquid form at the temperature of 1450-1650 ℃. Therefore, the steel slag not only contains a plurality of beneficial mineral components, but also contains a large amount of heat resources. The specific heat capacity of the molten steel slag is about 1.2kJ/(kg DEG C), and the slag is molten before and after heat recoveryThe temperature of the steel slag is respectively 1400 ℃ and 400 ℃, so that the sensible heat of 1.2GJ can be recovered from each ton of steel slag, which is equivalent to the heat generated after 41kg of standard coal is completely combusted. If sensible heat of steel slag generated by steel mills nationwide is recycled, at least 400 ten thousand tons of standard coal is saved in China each year.
The dry slag pit cooling method and the water slag flushing method are the most common blast furnace slag treatment methods in China at present. When the dry slag pit method is used for cooling, a large amount of water vapor is generated, and simultaneously a large amount of H is released2S and SO2Gases, corrosion of buildings, destruction of equipment and deterioration of the working environment. The slag flushing method wastes a large amount of water resources in the treatment process and generates SO2And H2S and other harmful gases can not effectively recover high-quality waste heat resources contained in the high-temperature liquid slag. At present, the treatment modes cannot meet the urgent requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction in the steel industry, and the dry centrifugal granulation method is widely favored due to the characteristics of low system energy consumption, small and uniform particle size, high added value of products and the like.
In the dry centrifugal granulation process, liquid slag drops on the surface of a granulator rotating at a high speed, is thrown out under the action of centrifugal force and friction force, forms small droplets under the action of surface tension, and the small droplets perform forced convection heat exchange with a heat transfer medium (generally air) in a space and perform radiation heat exchange with the surrounding environment to reduce the temperature of the small droplets so as to perform phase change and form a solidified layer. As the temperature is further reduced, the droplets gradually turn into small solid particles. However, if the particle size of the granulated slag particles is too large, the cooling rate of the molten slag particles is reduced and the molten slag particles are easy to transform to a crystalline phase in the heat exchange process with a heat transfer medium in a space, so that the conversion rate of a glass body of the molten slag particles is reduced, and the efficient resource utilization of the granulated slag particles is influenced; if the grain size of the granulated slag particles is too small, the flying distance of the granulated slag particles is long, the granulated slag particles are easy to impact the wall surface of the granulating bin in a molten state or an external-condensation internal-melting state to be adhered to the wall surface of the granulating bin, and the granulated slag particles are easy to be adhered into blocks. If the high-temperature slag particles are bonded on the wall surface and are bonded into a large block, on one hand, the conditions of over-temperature, corrosion and the like of the wall surface of the granulating bin are easily caused, and the bonded large block is not easy to clean after cooling, so that great workload is brought to maintenance work; on the other hand, the slag particles which are bonded into large blocks are slowly cooled in the space of the granulating bin, and have sufficient time for crystallization, so that the conversion rate of the glass body is reduced, and the high-efficiency resource utilization of the glass body is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides a smelting slag double-layer centrifugal granulating device with an air quenching function, and aims to improve the treatment capacity of smelting slag, increase the contact surface of air flow and the slag, optimize the heat exchange efficiency of the air flow and the slag, ensure the slag granulation quality, reduce the working temperature of a rotating shaft and better realize the slag granulation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is implemented according to the following technical scheme:
a smelting slag double-layer centrifugal granulation device with a wind quenching function comprises an upper layer rotating cup, a lower layer rotating cup, a wind guide chassis, a wind pipe sleeve, a rotating shaft, a motor and a fixing support, wherein the upper layer rotating cup, the lower layer rotating cup and the wind guide chassis are all of circular disc structures, slope bosses are arranged on the edges of the upper layer rotating cup and the lower layer rotating cup respectively, pointed protrusions are arranged on the edge of the wind guide chassis, dense sawteeth are uniformly distributed on the slope bosses of the upper layer rotating cup and the lower layer rotating cup, and the sawteeth can cut and disperse a slag liquid film rotating at a high speed, so that slag is crushed more uniformly; the slope type boss can also enable slag to fly out in a layered manner after being crushed so as to avoid adhesion, the upper layer rotating cup and the lower layer rotating cup are fixed at the upper end of the rotating shaft, the upper layer rotating cup is positioned at the upper part of the lower layer rotating cup, the lower layer rotating cup is positioned at the upper part of the air guide base plate, a plurality of through drainage holes are formed in the upper layer rotating cup, when the amount of the slag is large, the slag can enter the lower layer rotating cup through the drainage holes, the upper layer rotating cup and the lower layer rotating cup granulate the slag simultaneously, the air guide base plate is fixedly connected with the air duct sleeve, the rotating shaft penetrates through the air duct sleeve, a first bearing is sleeved at the upper end of the rotating shaft, a first shaft bearing is arranged outside the first bearing, the first shaft bearing is fixed on the inner wall of the air duct sleeve through a plurality of spokes, a ventilation opening is formed among the plurality of spokes, and the lower end of the, the bottom of the air pipe sleeve is provided with an air inlet, an air supply channel is formed between the vent and the air inlet, and the motor is positioned on the fixed support and is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft so as to drive the rotating shaft to rotate;
furthermore, a plurality of supporting plates are arranged on the air guide chassis at equal intervals, the supporting plates are perpendicular to the air guide chassis, a plurality of layers of air guide plates are fixed between every two adjacent supporting plates, and air outlets are formed between the air guide plates and the pointed bulges at the edge of the air guide chassis or between the adjacent air guide plates; the multilayer guide plate divides the air flow into a plurality of layers, and the air outlet direction can be controlled by adjusting the angle of the guide plate, so that the slag in flight is subjected to sufficient air quenching heat exchange;
furthermore, the diameter of the lower layer rotor is larger than that of the upper layer rotor, and the diameter of the air guide chassis is larger than that of the lower layer rotor;
preferably, the inclined angle between the slope type boss of the upper layer rotating cup and the upper layer rotating cup is 120-150 degrees;
preferably, the vertical distance between the lower layer revolving cup and the upper layer revolving cup is 20-30 cm, the radius of the lower layer revolving cup is 1.1-1.3 times of that of the upper layer revolving cup, and the included angle between the slope type boss of the lower layer revolving cup and the lower layer revolving cup is 130-160 degrees;
preferably, the vertical distance between the air guide chassis and the lower layer revolving cup is 10-15 cm, and the radius of the air guide chassis is 1.1-1.2 times of that of the lower layer revolving cup; the included angle between the pointed bulge of the air guide chassis and the air guide chassis is 150-160 degrees;
preferably, a first bevel gear is fixed on the motor, a second bevel gear is fixed at the bottom of the rotating shaft, and the first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear to drive the rotating shaft to rotate.
Compared with the prior art, the smelting slag double-layer centrifugal granulating device with the air quenching function has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the smelting slag double-layer centrifugal granulation device with the air quenching function is of a double-layer structure, under the condition of large amount of slag, the slag can enter the lower layer rotating cup through the drainage hole of the upper layer rotating cup, and the upper layer rotating cup and the lower layer rotating cup granulate the slag simultaneously, so that the slag handling capacity of the granulation device in unit time is increased.
(2) The edges of the upper layer rotating cup and the lower layer rotating cup are uniformly provided with dense sawteeth, and the sawteeth can cut a molten slag liquid film rotating at a high speed, so that the molten slag is crushed more uniformly; the slope type lug boss can also enable slag to fly out in a layered mode after being crushed, adhesion is avoided, and the crushing and granulating effects are further improved.
(3) The air guide chassis is provided with the supporting plate and the guide plate, the guide plate divides the air flow into a plurality of layers, the direction of the air flow at the air outlet can be controlled by adjusting the angle of the guide plate, the slag in flight is subjected to sufficient air quenching heat exchange, and meanwhile, the air flow impacts the slag to promote the slag to be further crushed.
(4) The upper end of the rotating shaft is fixed with the first bearing seat and the inner wall of the air duct sleeve through the first bearing, and the lower end of the rotating shaft is fixed with the second bearing seat and the inner wall of the fixed support through the second bearing, so that the rotating shaft can stably operate, the stability of the granulating device is improved, and the granulating effect and the granulating quality of molten slag are improved.
(5) According to the invention, cold air enters through the lower air inlet and is sprayed out of the air outlet through the air supply channel and the ventilation opening, so that the rotating shaft can be cooled in the whole process, the temperature of the rotating shaft is effectively reduced, and the service life of the rotating shaft is prolonged; meanwhile, the slag of the lower layer revolving cup can be cooled in advance, and the heat exchange and granulation effects are optimized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the upper layer of the rotor of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a lower layer rotor structure according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic end structure view of the wind guide chassis of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic top view of the wind guiding chassis of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, which are illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the smelting slag double-layer centrifugal granulation device with air quenching function comprises an upper layer rotating cup 1, a lower layer rotating cup 6, an air guide chassis 9, an air duct sleeve 14, a rotating shaft 4, a motor 16 and a fixed support 18, wherein the upper layer rotating cup 1, the lower layer rotating cup 6 and the air guide chassis 9 are all in a circular disc-shaped structure, slope type bosses 5 are arranged on the edges of the upper layer rotating cup 1 and the lower layer rotating cup 6, dense sawteeth 2 are uniformly distributed on the slope type bosses 5 of the upper layer rotating cup 1 and the lower layer rotating cup 6, and the sawteeth 2 can cut a liquid film rotating at high speed, so that slag is crushed more uniformly; the slope type boss 5 can also enable slag to fly out in layers after being crushed so as to avoid adhesion, a sharp-shaped bulge 27 is arranged at the edge of the air guide chassis 9, the upper layer revolving cup 1 and the lower layer revolving cup 6 are both fixed at the upper end of the rotating shaft 4, the upper layer revolving cup 1 is positioned at the upper part of the lower layer revolving cup 6, the lower layer revolving cup 6 is positioned at the upper part of the air guide chassis 9, a plurality of through drainage holes 3 are arranged on the upper layer revolving cup 1, when the amount of the slag is large, the slag can enter the lower layer revolving cup 6 through the drainage holes 3, the upper layer revolving cup 1 and the lower layer revolving cup 6 granulate the slag at the same time, the air guide chassis 9 is fixedly connected with the air duct sleeve 14, the rotating shaft 4 is sleeved inside the air duct sleeve 14, a first bearing 21 is sleeved at the upper end of the rotating shaft 4, a first bearing seat 22 is arranged outside the first bearing 21, and the first bearing seat 22 is fixed on the inner wall of, a vent 12 is formed between the plurality of spokes 28, the lower end of the rotating shaft 4 is connected with the second bearing seat 24 and the fixed support 18 through the second bearing 23, an air inlet 15 is arranged at the bottom of the air duct sleeve 14, an air supply channel 13 is formed between the vent 12 and the air inlet 15, and the motor 16 is positioned on the fixed support 18 and is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft 4 to drive the rotating shaft 4 to rotate.
As shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, a plurality of supporting plates 10 are arranged on the air guiding chassis 9 at equal intervals, the supporting plates 10 are perpendicular to the air guiding chassis 9, a plurality of layers of air guiding plates 8 are fixed between adjacent supporting plates 10, and air outlets 7 are formed between the air guiding plates 8 and the pointed protrusions 27 on the edge of the air guiding chassis 9 or between adjacent air guiding plates 8; the multilayer guide plate 8 divides the air flow into a plurality of layers, and the air outlet direction can be controlled by adjusting the angle of the guide plate 8, so that the slag in flight can be subjected to sufficient air quenching heat exchange.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in the present embodiment, the diameter of the lower layer rotor 6 is larger than that of the upper layer rotor 1, and the diameter of the wind guide chassis 9 is larger than that of the lower layer rotor 6;
the included angle between the slope type boss 5 of the upper layer revolving cup 1 and the upper layer revolving cup 1 is 150 degrees, the vertical distance between the lower layer revolving cup 6 and the upper layer revolving cup 1 is 20cm, the radius of the lower layer revolving cup 6 is 1.2 times of the radius of the upper layer revolving cup 1, the included angle between the slope type boss 5 of the lower layer revolving cup 6 and the lower layer revolving cup 6 is 160 degrees, the vertical distance between the air guide chassis 9 and the lower layer revolving cup 6 is 15cm, and the radius of the air guide chassis 9 is 1.2 times of the radius of the lower layer revolving cup 6; the inclined angle between the slope type boss 5 of the air guide chassis 9 and the air guide chassis 9 is 160 degrees.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a first bevel gear 25 is fixed on the motor 16, a second bevel gear 26 is fixed on the bottom of the rotating shaft 4, and the first bevel gear 25 is engaged with the second bevel gear 26 to drive the rotating shaft 4 to rotate.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the smelting slag double-layer centrifugal granulating device with the air quenching function is of a double-layer structure, under the condition that the quantity of smelting slag is large, the smelting slag can enter the lower layer rotating cup through the drainage hole of the upper layer rotating cup, and the upper layer rotating cup and the lower layer rotating cup granulate the slag at the same time, so that the slag handling capacity of the granulating device in unit time is increased. The edges of the upper layer rotating cup and the lower layer rotating cup are uniformly provided with dense sawteeth, and the sawteeth can cut a molten slag liquid film rotating at a high speed, so that the molten slag is crushed more uniformly; the slope type lug boss can also enable slag to fly out in a layered mode after being crushed, adhesion is avoided, and the crushing and granulating effects are further improved. The air guide chassis is provided with the supporting plate and the guide plate, the guide plate divides the air flow into a plurality of layers, the direction of the air flow at the air outlet can be controlled by adjusting the angle of the guide plate, the slag in flight is subjected to sufficient air quenching heat exchange, and meanwhile, the air flow impacts the slag to promote the slag to be further crushed. The upper end of the rotating shaft is sleeved with the first bearing and the first bearing seat in a penetrating manner, the first bearing seat is fixed on the inner wall of the air duct sleeve through the plurality of spokes, the ventilation openings are formed among the plurality of spokes, and the lower end of the rotating shaft is fixed with the second bearing seat and the inner wall of the fixed support through the second bearing, so that the rotating shaft can stably operate, the stability of a granulating device is improved, and the granulating effect and the granulating quality of molten slag are improved. According to the invention, cold air enters through the lower air inlet and is sprayed out of the air outlet through the air supply channel and the ventilation opening, so that the rotating shaft can be cooled in the whole process, the rotating temperature is effectively reduced, and the service life of the rotating shaft is prolonged; meanwhile, the slag of the lower layer revolving cup can be cooled in advance, and the heat exchange and granulation effects are optimized.
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the limitations of the above specific embodiments, and all technical modifications made according to the technical solution of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A smelting slag double-layer centrifugal granulation device with a wind quenching function is characterized by comprising an upper layer rotating cup, a lower layer rotating cup, a wind guide chassis, a wind pipe sleeve, a rotating shaft, a motor and a fixing support, wherein the upper layer rotating cup, the lower layer rotating cup and the wind guide chassis are all of circular disc structures, the edges of the upper layer rotating cup and the lower layer rotating cup are both slope-shaped bosses, the edge of the wind guide chassis is a pointed boss, dense sawteeth are uniformly distributed on the slope-shaped bosses of the upper layer rotating cup and the lower layer rotating cup, the upper layer rotating cup and the lower layer rotating cup are both fixed at the upper end of the rotating shaft, the upper layer rotating cup is positioned at the upper part of the lower layer rotating cup, the lower layer rotating cup is positioned at the upper part of the wind guide chassis, a plurality of through drainage holes are formed in the upper layer rotating cup, the wind guide chassis is fixedly connected with the wind pipe sleeve, the rotating shaft is sleeved inside the wind pipe sleeve, and a first bearing is sleeved at the, the outside of first bearing is provided with first bearing frame, first bearing frame is fixed on the telescopic inner wall of tuber pipe through a plurality of spokes, forms the vent between a plurality of spokes, the lower extreme of pivot is passed through the second bearing and is connected with second bearing frame and fixed bolster, the telescopic bottom of tuber pipe is provided with the air intake, forms air supply channel between vent and the air intake, the motor is located the fixed bolster, and is connected with the drive pivot rotation with the pivot transmission.
2. The smelt slag double-layer centrifugal granulation device with the air quenching function as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of support plates are arranged on the air guide chassis at equal intervals, the support plates are perpendicular to the air guide chassis, a plurality of layers of air guide plates are fixed between adjacent support plates, and air outlets are formed between the air guide plates and the pointed protrusions at the edge of the air guide chassis or between adjacent air guide plates.
3. The smelt slag double-layer centrifugal granulation device with the air quenching function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diameter of the lower layer rotor is larger than that of the upper layer rotor, and the diameter of the air guide base plate is larger than that of the lower layer rotor.
4. The smelt slag double-layer centrifugal granulation device with the air quenching function according to claim 3, wherein the inclined boss of the upper layer rotor cup and the upper layer rotor cup form an included angle of 120-150 degrees.
5. The smelt slag double-layer centrifugal granulation device with the air quenching function according to claim 4, wherein the vertical distance between the lower layer rotating cup and the upper layer rotating cup is 20-30 cm, the radius of the lower layer rotating cup is 1.1-1.3 times of that of the upper layer rotating cup, and the included angle between the slope type boss of the lower layer rotating cup and the lower layer rotating cup is 130-160 degrees.
6. The smelt slag double-layer centrifugal granulation device with the air quenching function as claimed in claim 5, wherein the vertical distance between the air guide base plate and the lower layer revolving cup is 10-15 cm, and the radius of the air guide base plate is 1.1-1.2 times of that of the lower layer revolving cup; the included angle between the sharp bulge of the air guide chassis and the air guide chassis is 150-160 degrees.
7. The smelt slag double-layer centrifugal granulation device with the air quenching function according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a first bevel gear is fixed on the motor, a second bevel gear is fixed at the bottom of the rotating shaft, and the first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear to drive the rotating shaft to rotate.
CN202011488186.1A 2020-12-16 2020-12-16 Smelt slag double-deck centrifugal granulation device with air quenching function Active CN112501366B (en)

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