CN112500508A - Intelligent strengthening system and process for preparing polyethylene based on body method - Google Patents
Intelligent strengthening system and process for preparing polyethylene based on body method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112500508A CN112500508A CN201910867779.XA CN201910867779A CN112500508A CN 112500508 A CN112500508 A CN 112500508A CN 201910867779 A CN201910867779 A CN 201910867779A CN 112500508 A CN112500508 A CN 112500508A
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- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 177
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 177
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
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- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F10/02—Ethene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J19/0033—Optimalisation processes, i.e. processes with adaptive control systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0046—Sequential or parallel reactions, e.g. for the synthesis of polypeptides or polynucleotides; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making molecular arrays
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0053—Details of the reactor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F110/00—Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F110/02—Ethene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
- B01J2219/00479—Means for mixing reactants or products in the reaction vessels
- B01J2219/00493—Means for mixing reactants or products in the reaction vessels by sparging or bubbling with gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00718—Type of compounds synthesised
- B01J2219/0072—Organic compounds
- B01J2219/00736—Non-biologic macromolecules, e.g. polymeric compounds
Abstract
The invention relates to an intelligent reinforcement system and a process for preparing polyethylene based on a body method. According to the invention, ethylene is crushed to form micron-sized bubbles, each micron-sized bubble can be fully mixed with a liquid-phase initiator and an additive to form a gas-liquid emulsion, and the gas-liquid two phases are fully mixed, so that the ethylene in the system can be fully contacted with the initiator and the additive, and the polymerization efficiency of the system is improved; meanwhile, the micron-sized bubbles are mixed with the initiator and the additive to form a gas-liquid emulsion, and the raw materials are fully mixed, so that the phase interface area of gas phase and liquid phase is increased, the thickness of a liquid film is reduced, the mass transfer resistance is reduced, and the effect of strengthening mass transfer within a lower preset operating condition range is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polymer preparation, in particular to an intelligent reinforcement system and process for preparing polyethylene based on a body method.
Background
Bulk polymerization is commonly used in the production of resins such as polymethylmethacrylate (commonly known as plexiglass), polystyrene, low density polyethylene, polypropylene, polyesters, and polyamides.
The bulk polymerization is the polymerization reaction initiated by the monomer (or raw material low molecular weight substance) under the condition of no adding solvent or other dispersing agent and by polymerization of the monomer itself under the action of initiator or light, heat and radiation. In some cases, a small amount of a coloring agent, a plasticizer, a molecular weight regulator, or the like may be added. Liquid, gaseous and solid monomers can be bulk polymerized. The preparation method is applied to manufacturing materials with good transparency and electric appliances with good dielectric property; because of the difficulty in mixing and heat transfer, industrial free radical bulk polymerization is not as widespread as suspension polymerization and emulsion polymerization, and since most catalysts are easily destroyed by water, bulk polymerization and solution polymerization are often employed for ionic polymerization.
The polymer prepared by the bulk method has the following characteristics: the product is pure, has good electrical property and can be directly cast and molded; the utilization rate of production equipment is high, the operation is simple, and complex separation and purification operations are not needed.
The polyethylene prepared by the bulk method has simple production process, short flow, less used production equipment and less investment; the reactor has the characteristics of large effective reaction volume, large production capacity, easy serialization, low production cost and the like, but the process has relatively large heat effect, and the automatic acceleration effect causes the product to have bubbles and discolor, and the temperature is out of control in serious cases to cause implosion, so that the standard reaching difficulty of the product is increased; under the condition of free radical polymerization, the phenomenon of polymerization rate automatic acceleration sometimes occurs, and if the control is not proper, the implosion is caused; the product has wide molecular weight distribution, and unreacted monomers are difficult to remove, so that the mechanical properties of products are deteriorated, and the like
Additives with specific functions, such as plasticizers, antioxidants, internal lubricants, ultraviolet absorbers, pigments and the like, are added to improve the product performance or the molding processing;
in order to regulate the reaction rate and to suitably reduce the reaction temperature, a certain amount of a special initiator should be added; in order to reduce the viscosity of the system and improve the fluidity, a small amount of internal lubricant or solvent is added;
the polymerization is carried out by adopting lower reaction temperature and lower initiator concentration, so that the heat release is mild;
however, after the above additives and initiators are used in the system, the ethylene gas is mixed with the liquid phase solvent, and the quality of the prepared polyethylene is degraded in case of non-uniform mixing, thereby reducing the preparation efficiency of the process.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides an intelligent reinforcement system and a process for preparing polyethylene based on a bulk method, which are used for solving the problem of low preparation efficiency caused by nonuniform mixing of ethylene and an additive in the prior art.
In one aspect, the present invention provides an intelligent reinforcement system for preparing polyethylene based on a ontology method, comprising:
an ethylene storage tank for storing ethylene gas;
the pre-reactor is connected with the ethylene storage tank and is used for providing a reaction space for the prepolymerization reaction of ethylene;
the micro-interface generator is respectively arranged at the bottom ends in the pre-reactor and the post-reactor and is respectively connected with the ethylene storage tank, converts the pressure energy of gas and/or the kinetic energy of liquid into bubble surface energy and transfers the bubble surface energy to the ethylene gas, so that the ethylene gas is crushed to form micron-sized bubbles with the diameter of more than or equal to 1 mu m and less than 1mm so as to improve the mass transfer area of a phase boundary, reduce the thickness of a liquid film and reduce the mass transfer resistance, and the materials are mixed to form a gas-liquid emulsion after being crushed so as to strengthen the mass transfer efficiency and the reaction efficiency between the phase boundaries within the range of preset operating conditions;
the first separation tank is connected with the pre-reactor and is used for separating the mixed materials output by the pre-reactor;
the second separation tank is connected with the first separation tank and is used for carrying out secondary separation on the lower-layer material output by the first separation tank;
the post reactor is respectively connected with the ethylene storage tank and the second separation tank and is used for respectively receiving the ethylene gas conveyed by the ethylene storage tank and the mixed material output by the second separation tank and mixing the mixed material with the ethylene gas to carry out polymerization reaction;
the third separation tank is connected with the post reactor and is used for separating materials output by the post reactor;
the purging device is respectively connected with each separating tank and is used for purging the pipeline so as to prevent the polyethylene finished product from blocking the pipeline;
the compression pump is respectively connected with the pre-reactor, the post-reactor, the first separation tank and the second separation tank and is used for conveying the ethylene gas output by each reactor and each separation tank in the operation process to the ethylene storage tank;
the heat exchanger is arranged at the outlet of the compression pump and used for exchanging heat of the ethylene gas output by the compression pump;
the intelligent control unit comprises sensors and controllers which are respectively arranged on the designated equipment, and cloud processors which are arranged outside the system and are respectively connected with the sensors and the controllers, wherein the sensors transmit acquired electric signals to the cloud processors, the cloud processors screen and compare reaction parameters returned by the sensors in a cloud database, and send corresponding commands to the controllers after an optimal control method is screened out, so that the optimal control function is realized.
Further, the micro-interface generator comprises a first micro-interface generator and a second micro-interface generator, wherein:
the first micro-interface generator is arranged at the bottom end in the pre-reactor and used for crushing the ethylene gas into micron-sized bubbles and outputting the micron-sized bubbles to the pre-reactor;
the second micro-interface generator is arranged at the bottom end in the rear reactor and used for crushing the ethylene gas into micron-sized bubbles and outputting the micron-sized bubbles to the rear reactor.
Furthermore, a discharge port of the ethylene storage tank is provided with a shunt pipeline, and the micro-interface generator is respectively connected with the tail ends of the branches and is used for crushing ethylene gas into micron-sized bubbles.
Furthermore, a feeding pipeline is arranged on the side wall of the pre-reactor and used for conveying a liquid-phase initiator for adjusting the reaction rate and a liquid-phase additive for reducing the viscosity of the system, and a first sensor is arranged in the pre-reactor and used for detecting the reaction temperature and the reaction pressure in the pre-reactor.
Further, the additive includes one or more mixed solvents of a plasticizer, an antioxidant, an internal lubricant, and an ultraviolet absorber.
Furthermore, a second sensor is arranged in the post reactor and used for detecting the reaction temperature and the reaction pressure in the post reactor.
Furthermore, a return pipe is arranged at the top of the first separation tank and used for returning the separated upper-layer ethylene to the ethylene storage tank, a flow dividing pipe is arranged at the bottom of the first separation tank, and two ends of the flow dividing pipe are respectively connected with the second separation tank and the purging device and used for respectively conveying the separated lower-layer materials of the first separation tank to the second separation tank and the purging device.
Furthermore, a compression controller is arranged on the compression pump and used for controlling the pressure in the system by adjusting the power of the compression pump.
Furthermore, a heat exchange controller is arranged on the heat exchanger and used for controlling the temperature in the system by adjusting the temperature of the heat exchange medium.
On the other hand, the invention provides an intelligent strengthening process for preparing polyethylene based on a body method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: respectively introducing ethylene and hydrogen into an ethylene storage tank, conveying an initiator and an additive to a pre-reactor, and starting to operate a system after the conveying is finished;
step 2: after the system operates, the ethylene storage tank respectively conveys the ethylene gas to each micro-interface generator, each micro-interface generator can respectively crush the ethylene gas to form micron-sized bubbles, and the micron-sized bubbles are respectively output to the pre-reactor and the post-reactor after being crushed;
and step 3: the micron-sized bubbles are mixed with an initiator and an additive in a pre-reactor to form a gas-liquid emulsion, the pre-reactor is heated to enable ethylene in the gas-liquid emulsion to undergo a prepolymerization reaction to generate a mixed material containing polyethylene, after the reaction is finished, a compression pump conveys unpolymerized ethylene gas back to an ethylene storage tank through a return pipe at the top of the pre-reactor to be reused, and during the reaction, a first sensor can detect the reaction temperature and the reaction pressure in the pre-reactor in real time and convey the measured data to a transport processor;
and 4, step 4: after the prepolymerization reaction is finished, the pre-reactor outputs the mixed material to a first separation tank, the first separation tank separates the material, the ethylene gas in the material is pumped out and is conveyed back to an ethylene storage tank through a return pipe for reuse, and the mixed material is output after separation;
and 5: the mixed material passes through a shunt pipe in the conveying process, the shunt pipe separates the material, polyethylene is conveyed to a blower, and the mixed material is conveyed to a second separation tank;
step 6: the second separation tank separates the mixed materials, the polyethylene at the bottom layer is conveyed to the blower, and the mixed materials at the upper layer are conveyed to the post reactor;
and 7: the rear reactor receives the micron-sized bubbles and the mixed material respectively, the micron-sized bubbles and the mixed material are fully mixed to form a gas-liquid emulsion, and during reaction, the second sensor can detect the reaction temperature and the reaction pressure in the rear reactor in real time and transmit the measured data to the cloud processor;
and 8: enabling ethylene in the gas-liquid emulsion to perform prepolymerization reaction to generate a mixed material containing polyethylene, outputting the mixed material to a third separation tank through a discharge pipe at the bottom of a rear reactor after the reaction is finished, and conveying unpolymerized ethylene gas back to an ethylene storage tank through a return pipe at the top of the rear reactor by a compression pump for reuse;
and step 9: the third separation tank separates the mixed material output by the post reactor, the ethylene gas on the upper layer flows back to the ethylene storage tank, and the polyethylene on the lower layer is conveyed to the purging device;
step 10: the purging device purges the pipeline in the polyethylene conveying process so as to prevent the polyethylene from blocking the pipeline;
step 11: in the operation process of the system, the cloud processor receives detection data transmitted by the sensors, when at least one data exceeds a preset range, the cloud processor searches and screens an optimal solution in the cloud database, sends control signals to one or more controllers in the compression controller and the heat exchange controller according to the optimal solution, and the controllers receiving the control signals adjust corresponding equipment so as to control designated process parameters in the system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that ethylene is crushed to form micron-sized bubbles with micron scale, each micron-sized bubble can be fully mixed with the initiator and the additive of the liquid phase to form gas-liquid emulsion, and the gas-liquid two phases are fully mixed, so that the ethylene in the system can be ensured to be fully contacted with the initiator and the additive, and the polymerization efficiency of the system is improved; meanwhile, the micron-sized bubbles are mixed with the initiator and the additive to form a gas-liquid emulsion, and the raw materials are fully mixed, so that the phase interface area of gas phase and liquid phase is increased, the thickness of a liquid film is reduced, the mass transfer resistance is reduced, and the effect of strengthening mass transfer within a lower preset operating condition range is achieved.
In addition, the range of the preset operation condition can be flexibly adjusted according to different product requirements or different catalysts, so that the full and effective reaction is further ensured, the reaction rate is further ensured, and the purpose of strengthening the reaction is achieved.
Furthermore, the intelligent control unit is arranged in the system, can detect various parameters in the operation of the system through the sensor, performs screening comparison in the cloud database through the cloud processor, selects the optimal scheme to send an instruction to the controller so that the controller performs corresponding operation on the specified equipment, can complete automatic learning and regulation of the system through the cloud processor, improves the safety factor of the system, and further improves the operation efficiency of the system.
Furthermore, the invention adopts multi-stage reaction, and can effectively control the ethylene conversion rate and the automatic acceleration effect of ethylene in the system by using the pre-reactor and the post-reactor, so that the reaction heat is discharged in several stages, thereby effectively reducing the load of the system and improving the operating efficiency of the system.
Furthermore, the invention adopts a plurality of separating tanks, and can effectively separate unpolymerized ethylene and polymerized polyethylene in the mixed material by using the separating tanks to carry out multi-stage separation on the reacted material, thereby improving the utilization rate of ethylene and the yield of polyethylene in the system.
Furthermore, the system is also provided with a blower, when the system outputs polyethylene, the blower can blow the discharge pipeline to prevent polyethylene particles from blocking the pipeline, and the operation efficiency of the system is further improved.
Furthermore, the system is also provided with a heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is used for exchanging heat for the refluxed ethylene, so that the heat load of the system can be effectively reduced, and the operating efficiency of the system is improved.
Furthermore, the top parts of the pre-reactor, the post-reactor, the first separation tank and the third separation tank in the system are respectively provided with a return pipe, and the return pipes are respectively arranged on a plurality of devices, so that incompletely polymerized ethylene in the running process of the system can be recovered to the maximum degree, and the ethylene utilization rate of the system is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent reinforcing system for preparing polyethylene based on a bulk method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a control flow chart of the intelligent reinforcing system for preparing polyethylene based on the ontology method.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent reinforcement system for preparing polyethylene by a bulk process according to the present invention, which includes an ethylene storage tank 1, a pre-reactor 21, a post-reactor 22, a first micro-interface generator 31, a second micro-interface generator 32, a first separation tank 41, a second separation tank 42, a third separation tank 43, a purge unit 5, a compression pump 6, a heat exchanger 7, and an intelligent controller (not shown). The first micro-interface generator 31 is arranged at the bottom side in the pre-reactor 21, the second micro-interface generator 32 is arranged at the bottom side in the post-preheater 22, and the first micro-interface generator 31 and the second micro-interface generator 32 are respectively connected with the ethylene storage tank 1 to crush the conveyed ethylene gas, so that the ethylene gas forms micron-scale bubbles and the micron-scale bubbles are respectively output to the corresponding reactors. The pre-reactor 21 is connected with the ethylene storage tank 1 for performing prepolymerization reaction on ethylene, and the post-reactor 22 is respectively connected with the ethylene storage tank 1 and the second separation tank 42 for receiving the material output by the second separation tank 42 and the ethylene gas output by the ethylene storage tank 1 and performing post-polymerization reaction on ethylene. The first separating tank 41 is connected with the pre-reactor 21 and used for separating mixed materials output by the pre-reactor 21, the second separating tank 42 is connected with the first separating tank 41 and used for further separating the materials separated by the first separating tank 41, and the third separating tank 43 is connected with the rear reactor 22 and used for separating the mixed materials output by the rear reactor 22. The purge unit 5 is connected to the first separation tank 41, the second separation tank 42 and the third separation tank 43, respectively, to output the polyethylene prepared by the system to the system. The compression pump 6 is respectively connected with the pre-reactor 21, the post-reactor 22, the first separation tank 41 and the third separation tank 43, and is used for conveying the unpolymerized ethylene to the ethylene storage tank during the operation of the equipment. The heat exchanger 7 is arranged at the discharge port of the compression pump 6 and used for exchanging heat of ethylene output by the compression pump 6. The intelligent controller is arranged outside the system and used for detecting and controlling various process parameters in the running process of the system in real time.
Before the system is operated, firstly, ethylene is introduced into the ethylene storage tank 1, and the initiator and the additive in liquid phase are conveyed to the pre-reactor 21. When the system is in operation, the ethylene storage tank 1 conveys ethylene gas to the first micro-interface generator 31 and the second micro-interface generator 32 respectively, each micro-interface generator can crush the ethylene gas into micron-sized bubbles, and the first micro-interface generator 31 outputs the micron-sized bubbles to the inside of the pre-reactor 21; the micron-sized bubbles are mixed with an initiator and an additive in the pre-reactor 21 to form a gas-liquid emulsion and enable ethylene to generate a polymerization reaction; after the reaction is finished, the pre-reactor 21 returns the ethylene gas to the ethylene storage tank 1 and conveys the mixed material to the first separation tank 41; the first separation tank 41 separates the mixed materials, the ethylene gas is refluxed to the ethylene storage tank 1, and the mixed materials are respectively conveyed to the second separation tank 42 and the purger 5; the second separation tank 42 performs secondary separation on the mixed materials conveyed by the first separation tank 41, and conveys the separated materials to the post reactor 32 and the purger 5 respectively; after the post-reactor 32 receives the mixed material, the mixed material is mixed with the micron-sized bubbles output by the second micro-interface generator to form a gas-liquid emulsion and perform a post-polymerization reaction, and after the reaction, the post-reactor 22 returns ethylene to the ethylene storage tank and conveys the reacted mixed material to the third separation tank 43; the third separation tank 43 separates the materials, the ethylene flows back to the ethylene storage tank 1 and the polyethylene is conveyed to the purger 5; the purger 5 will output the polyethylene out of the system and purge the pipeline to prevent the polyethylene from blocking the pipeline; the compression pump 6 will deliver the ethylene in the return pipe to the confluence storage tank 1; the heat exchanger 7 exchanges heat with the ethylene output by the compression pump 6 to reduce the heat load of the system. In the operation process of the system, the cloud processor receives detection data transmitted by the sensors, when at least one data exceeds a preset range, the cloud processor searches and screens an optimal solution in the cloud database, sends control signals to one or more of the first controller, the second controller, the compression controller and the heat exchange controller according to the optimal solution, and the controller receiving the control signals can adjust corresponding equipment so as to control designated process parameters in the system. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the first micro-interface generator 31 and the second micro-interface generator 32 of the present invention can also be used in other multiphase reactions, such as those using micro-mixing, micro-fluidization, ultra-micro fluidization, micro-bubble fermentation, micro-bubble bubbling, micro-bubble mass transfer, micro-bubble reaction, micro-bubble absorption, micro-bubble oxygenation, micro-bubble contact, etc. by using micro-interface, micro-nano interface, ultra-micro interface, micro-bubble biochemical reactor or micro-bubble biological reactor, etc. to form multiphase micro-mixed flow, multi-phase micro-nano flow, multi-phase emulsified flow, multi-phase micro-structured flow, gas-liquid-solid mixed flow, gas-solid micro-nano flow, gas-liquid-solid emulsified flow, micro-gas-solid micro-structured flow, micro-bubbles, micro-foams, micro-foam flow, micro-gas flow, gas-liquid-micro-nano emulsified flow, ultra-, Micro-turbulence, micro-bubble flow, micro-bubble flow, micro-nano-bubble flow and the like, or multi-phase fluid (micro-interface fluid for short) formed by micro-nano-scale particles, thereby effectively increasing the phase interface mass transfer area between the gas phase and/or liquid phase and the liquid phase and/or solid phase in the reaction process. Of course, the system can be used not only for the polymerization of ethylene, but also for the polymerization of polyvinyl chloride, propylene or other kinds of organic matter, provided that the system can reach its specified operating state.
Referring to fig. 1, the ethylene storage tank 1 of the present invention is a storage tank for storing ethylene gas, and when the system is in operation, the ethylene storage tank 1 outputs ethylene gas to each of the micro-interface generators, and receives ethylene output by the compression pump 6 to reuse ethylene. It is understood that the size and material of the ethylene storage tank 1 are not particularly limited in this embodiment, as long as the ethylene storage tank 1 can store and transport a specified amount of ethylene gas.
Referring to fig. 1, the pre-reactor 21 of the present invention is a reaction tank, a feeding pipe is disposed on a sidewall of the pre-reactor 21 for conveying liquid phase initiator and additive, a return pipe is disposed on a top of the pre-reactor 21 for returning unpolymerized ethylene to the ethylene storage tank 1, a discharge port is disposed at a bottom of the pre-reactor 21 for outputting polymerized mixture to a next device, a first micro-interface generator 31 is further disposed at the bottom of the pre-reactor 21 for outputting micro-sized bubbles into the pre-reactor 21, and a first sensor 211 is disposed on an inner wall of the pre-reactor 21 for detecting a reaction temperature and a reaction pressure of the pre-reactor 21. When the system operates, the mixed solvent of the initiator and the additive is firstly introduced into the pre-reactor 21, at the moment, the first micro-interface generator 31 outputs micron-sized bubbles into the pre-reactor 21, the micron-sized bubbles are mixed with materials in the pre-reactor 21 to form a gas-liquid emulsion, after the mixing is completed, ethylene in the gas-liquid emulsion is subjected to a polymerization reaction to generate polyethylene, after the reaction is completed, the pre-reactor 21 reflows unpolymerized ethylene to the ethylene storage tank 1 and outputs the reacted mixed material containing the polyethylene to the first separation tank 41, and in the operation process of the pre-reactor 21, the first sensor 211 can detect the reaction temperature and the reaction pressure of the pre-reactor 21 in real time and transmit the detected data to the cloud processor. It is understood that the pre-reactor 21 may be a stirred tank, a suspended bed, a fluidized bed or other type of reactor, as long as the pre-reactor 21 can achieve its specified operating conditions.
Referring to fig. 1, the first micro-interface generator 31 of the present invention is disposed at the bottom end of the pre-reactor 31 for outputting micro-bubbles to the pre-reactor 21. When the system is in operation, the first micro-interface generator 31 receives the ethylene conveyed by the ethylene storage tank 1, crushes the ethylene to form micron-sized bubbles and outputs the micron-sized bubbles to the inside of the pre-reactor 21 so that the micron-sized bubbles and the materials in the pre-reactor 21 are mixed to form a gas-liquid emulsion.
Referring to fig. 1, the top of the first separation tank 41 is provided with a return pipe for returning the ethylene in the mixed material to the ethylene storage tank 1, the bottom of the first separation tank 41 is provided with a discharge port, the discharge port is provided with a shunt pipeline, and each branch of the shunt pipeline is respectively connected with the second separation tank 42 and the blower 5 for outputting the separated mixed material to a designated device. When the system is in operation, the first separation tank 41 receives the mixed material output by the pre-reactor, separates the mixed material, returns the separated ethylene to the ethylene storage tank through the return pipe, and conveys the separated mixed material to the second separation tank 42, and conveys the polyethylene in the mixed material to the blower 5.
Referring to fig. 1, the second separation tank 42 of the present invention has a discharge pipe at the bottom for delivering the separated polyethylene to the purge unit 5, and a delivery pipe at the sidewall of the second separation tank 42 is connected to the post-reactor 22 for delivering the separated mixture to the post-reactor 22. When the first separation tank 41 delivers the mixed material to the second reaction tank 42, the second reaction tank 42 separates the material, delivers the polyethylene at the bottom layer to the purge unit 5 for outputting, and delivers the mixed material at the middle layer to the post-reactor 22 for post-polymerization.
Referring to fig. 1, a feeding pipe is disposed on a side wall of the post reactor 22 for receiving the mixed material output from the second separation tank 42, a return pipe is disposed on a top of the post reactor 22 for returning unpolymerized ethylene to the ethylene storage tank, a discharge port is disposed at a bottom of the post reactor 22 for outputting the polymerized mixed material, a first micro-interface generator 31 is further disposed at the bottom of the post reactor 22 for outputting micron-sized bubbles into the post reactor 22, and a second sensor 221 is disposed on an inner wall of the post reactor 22 for detecting a reaction temperature and a reaction pressure of the post reactor 22. When the system is in operation, the post-reactor 22 receives the mixed material output by the second separation tank 42, at this time, the second micro-interface generator 32 outputs micron-sized bubbles to the inside of the post-reactor 22, the micron-sized bubbles are mixed with the material in the post-reactor 22 to form a gas-liquid emulsion, after the mixing is completed, ethylene in the gas-liquid emulsion undergoes a polymerization reaction to generate polyethylene, after the reaction is completed, the post-reactor 22 returns unpolymerized ethylene to the ethylene storage tank 1 and outputs the reacted mixed material containing polyethylene to the third separation tank 43, during the operation of the post-reactor 22, the second sensor 221 detects the reaction temperature and the reaction pressure of the post-reactor 22 in real time, and transmits the detected data to the cloud processor. It will be appreciated that the post-reactor 22 may be a stirred tank, a suspended bed, a fluidized bed or other type of reactor, provided that the post-reactor 22 is capable of achieving its specified operating conditions.
Referring to fig. 1, the second micro-interface generator 32 of the present invention is disposed at the bottom end of the rear reactor 32 for outputting micron-sized bubbles to the rear reactor 22. When the system is in operation, the second micro-interface generator 32 receives the ethylene conveyed by the ethylene storage tank 1, crushes the ethylene to form micron-sized bubbles and outputs the micron-sized bubbles to the inside of the post-reactor 22, so that the micron-sized bubbles and the materials in the post-reactor 22 are mixed to form a gas-liquid emulsion.
Referring to fig. 1, the third separation tank 43 of the present invention has a return pipe at the top for returning unpolymerized ethylene to the ethylene storage tank 1, and a discharge pipe at the bottom of the third separation tank 43 for delivering polyethylene to the purge unit 5. When the system is in operation, the third separation tank 43 receives and separates the mixed material output by the post-reactor 22, and after separation, the unpolymerized ethylene at the upper layer is refluxed to the ethylene storage tank 1 and the polyethylene at the lower layer is conveyed to the purge device 5.
Referring to fig. 1, the compression pump 6 of the present invention is connected to the pre-reactor 21, the first separation tank 41, the post-reactor 22 and the third separation tank 43 respectively, for delivering the ethylene gas outputted from the above-mentioned apparatus. The compressor pump 6 is provided with a compressor controller 61 for controlling the operation power of the compressor to adjust the pressure in the system. When the system is running, the compression pump 6 starts to operate, and the ethylene gas output by each device is conveyed to the ethylene storage tank 1 or the output system, and after the cloud processor conveys a control signal to the compression controller 61, the compression controller 61 adjusts the power of the compression pump 6, so as to control the pressure in the system. It is understood that the type and model of the compression pump 6 are not particularly limited in this embodiment, as long as the compression pump 6 can achieve its designated operating state.
Referring to fig. 1, the heat exchanger 7 of the present invention is disposed at the discharge port of the compression pump 6 for exchanging heat with the ethylene gas output by the compression pump, and the heat exchanger 7 is provided with a heat exchange controller 71 for controlling the operating temperature of the system. When the system is running, after the cloud processor sends a control signal to the heat exchange controller 71, the heat exchange controller 71 adjusts the temperature of the heat exchange medium, thereby completing the adjustment of the running temperature of the system.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the intelligent control unit of the present invention includes a sensor, a controller and a cloud processor, wherein the sensor includes a first sensor 211 and a second sensor 221, and the controller includes a compression controller 61 and a heat exchange sensor 71. The cloud processor is arranged outside the system, is respectively connected with the sensors and the controllers, and is used for receiving the electric signals sent by the sensors and transmitting the control signals to the controllers after screening and adjusting.
When the system is in operation, each sensor can detect the temperature and the pressure of the pre-reactor 21 and the post-reactor 22 in real time, and transmit the detection result to the cloud processor in real time in an electric signal mode after the detection is finished, when the reaction temperature or the reaction pressure exceeds a preset range, the cloud processor can screen in the cloud database to select an optimal processing scheme and send a control signal to each controller, and each controller starts to control the designated equipment after receiving the control signal, so that the adjustment of the reaction temperature and the reaction pressure in the system is finished. It is understood that the type and model of each sensor is not particularly limited in this embodiment, as long as each sensor can detect the reaction temperature and the reaction pressure in the system. Of course, the connection manner between each sensor and each controller and the cloud processor is not particularly limited in this embodiment, as long as the requirement that each sensor can transmit an electrical signal to the cloud processor and the requirement that the cloud processor can transmit a control signal to each controller is met.
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described below with reference to examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
An intelligent strengthening process for preparing polyethylene based on a bulk method comprises the following steps:
step 1: respectively introducing ethylene and hydrogen into an ethylene storage tank, conveying an initiator and an additive to a pre-reactor, and starting to operate a system after the conveying is finished;
step 2: after the system operates, the ethylene storage tank respectively conveys the ethylene gas to each micro-interface generator, each micro-interface generator can respectively crush the ethylene gas to form micron-sized bubbles, and the micron-sized bubbles are respectively output to the pre-reactor and the post-reactor after being crushed;
and step 3: the micron-sized bubbles are mixed with an initiator and an additive in a pre-reactor to form a gas-liquid emulsion, the pre-reactor is heated to enable ethylene in the gas-liquid emulsion to undergo a prepolymerization reaction to generate a mixed material containing polyethylene, after the reaction is finished, a compression pump conveys unpolymerized ethylene gas back to an ethylene storage tank through a return pipe at the top of the pre-reactor to be reused, and during the reaction, a first sensor can detect the reaction temperature and the reaction pressure in the pre-reactor in real time and convey the measured data to a transport processor;
and 4, step 4: after the prepolymerization reaction is finished, the pre-reactor outputs the mixed material to a first separation tank, the first separation tank separates the material, the ethylene gas in the material is pumped out and is conveyed back to an ethylene storage tank through a return pipe for reuse, and the mixed material is output after separation;
and 5: the mixed material passes through a shunt pipe in the conveying process, the shunt pipe separates the material, polyethylene is conveyed to a blower, and the mixed material is conveyed to a second separation tank;
step 6: the second separation tank separates the mixed materials, the polyethylene at the bottom layer is conveyed to the blower, and the mixed materials at the upper layer are conveyed to the post reactor;
and 7: the rear reactor receives the micron-sized bubbles and the mixed material respectively, the micron-sized bubbles and the mixed material are fully mixed to form a gas-liquid emulsion, and during reaction, the second sensor can detect the reaction temperature and the reaction pressure in the rear reactor in real time and transmit the measured data to the cloud processor;
and 8: enabling ethylene in the gas-liquid emulsion to perform prepolymerization reaction to generate a mixed material containing polyethylene, outputting the mixed material to a third separation tank through a discharge pipe at the bottom of a rear reactor after the reaction is finished, and conveying unpolymerized ethylene gas back to an ethylene storage tank through a return pipe at the top of the rear reactor by a compression pump for reuse;
and step 9: the third separation tank separates the mixed material output by the post reactor, the ethylene gas on the upper layer flows back to the ethylene storage tank, and the polyethylene on the lower layer is conveyed to the purging device;
step 10: the purging device purges the pipeline in the polyethylene conveying process so as to prevent the polyethylene from blocking the pipeline;
step 11: in the operation process of the system, the cloud processor receives detection data transmitted by the sensors, when at least one data exceeds a preset range, the cloud processor searches and screens an optimal solution in the cloud database, sends control signals to one or more controllers in the compression controller and the heat exchange controller according to the optimal solution, and the controllers receiving the control signals adjust corresponding equipment so as to control designated process parameters in the system.
Example one
The system and the process are used for preparing polyethylene by a bulk method, wherein:
the initiator is hydrogen peroxide solution, the reaction temperature of the pre-reactor is 60 ℃, the temperature of the post-reactor is 70 ℃, and the reaction pressure is 2 MPa. After the system operates, the materials are detected as follows: the ethylene polymerization conversion rate was 25%, and the ethylene utilization rate was 98.5%.
Example two
The system and the process are used for preparing polyethylene by a bulk method, wherein:
the initiator is hydrogen peroxide solution, the reaction temperature of the pre-reactor is 70 ℃, the temperature of the post-reactor is 85 ℃, and the reaction pressure is 3 MPa. After the system operates, the materials are detected as follows: the ethylene polymerization conversion rate was 30%, and the ethylene utilization rate was 98.8%.
EXAMPLE III
The system and the process are used for preparing polyethylene by a bulk method, wherein:
the initiator is hydrogen peroxide solution, the reaction temperature of the pre-reactor is 80 ℃, the temperature of the post-reactor is 100 ℃, and the reaction pressure is 4 MPa. After the system operates, the materials are detected as follows: the ethylene polymerization conversion rate was 35%, and the ethylene utilization rate was 99.1%.
Comparative example
The ethylene was polymerized in bulk using the prior art, wherein the process parameters during the preparation were the same as in the third example. After the system operates, the materials are detected as follows: the ethylene polymerization conversion rate was 20%, and the ethylene utilization rate was 98.3%.
Therefore, the system and the process can effectively improve the polymerization conversion rate of the ethylene and the utilization rate of the ethylene of the system.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention; various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An intelligent reinforcement system based on a body method for preparing polyethylene is characterized by comprising the following steps:
an ethylene storage tank for storing ethylene gas;
the pre-reactor is connected with the ethylene storage tank and is used for providing a reaction space for the prepolymerization reaction of ethylene;
the micro-interface generator is respectively arranged at the bottom ends in the pre-reactor and the post-reactor and is respectively connected with the ethylene storage tank, converts the pressure energy of gas and/or the kinetic energy of liquid into bubble surface energy and transfers the bubble surface energy to the ethylene gas, so that the ethylene gas is crushed to form micron-sized bubbles with the diameter of more than or equal to 1 mu m and less than 1mm so as to improve the mass transfer area of a phase boundary, reduce the thickness of a liquid film and reduce the mass transfer resistance, and the materials are mixed to form a gas-liquid emulsion after being crushed so as to strengthen the mass transfer efficiency and the reaction efficiency between the phase boundaries within the range of preset operating conditions;
the first separation tank is connected with the pre-reactor and is used for separating the mixed materials output by the pre-reactor;
the second separation tank is connected with the first separation tank and is used for carrying out secondary separation on the lower-layer material output by the first separation tank;
the post reactor is respectively connected with the ethylene storage tank and the second separation tank and is used for respectively receiving the ethylene gas conveyed by the ethylene storage tank and the mixed material output by the second separation tank and mixing the mixed material with the ethylene gas to carry out polymerization reaction;
the third separation tank is connected with the post reactor and is used for separating materials output by the post reactor;
the purging device is respectively connected with each separating tank and is used for purging the pipeline so as to prevent the polyethylene finished product from blocking the pipeline;
the compression pump is respectively connected with the pre-reactor, the post-reactor, the first separation tank and the second separation tank and is used for conveying the ethylene gas output by each reactor and each separation tank in the operation process to the ethylene storage tank;
the heat exchanger is arranged at the outlet of the compression pump and used for exchanging heat of the ethylene gas output by the compression pump;
the intelligent control unit comprises sensors and controllers which are respectively arranged on the designated equipment, and cloud processors which are arranged outside the system and are respectively connected with the sensors and the controllers, wherein the sensors transmit acquired electric signals to the cloud processors, the cloud processors screen and compare reaction parameters returned by the sensors in a cloud database, and send corresponding commands to the controllers after an optimal control method is screened out, so that the optimal control function is realized.
2. The intelligent reinforcement system for polyethylene production based on the ontology process of claim 1, wherein the micro-interface generator comprises a first micro-interface generator and a second micro-interface generator, wherein:
the first micro-interface generator is arranged at the bottom end in the pre-reactor and used for crushing the ethylene gas into micron-sized bubbles and outputting the micron-sized bubbles to the pre-reactor;
the second micro-interface generator is arranged at the bottom end in the rear reactor and used for crushing the ethylene gas into micron-sized bubbles and outputting the micron-sized bubbles to the rear reactor.
3. The intelligent reinforcement system for preparing polyethylene based on the ontology method of claim 1, wherein a discharge port of the ethylene storage tank is provided with a shunt pipeline, and the micro-interface generator is respectively connected with the tail end of each branch for crushing ethylene gas into micron-sized bubbles.
4. The intelligent reinforcing system for preparing polyethylene based on the bulk method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sidewall of the pre-reactor is provided with a feeding pipeline for conveying a liquid phase initiator for adjusting the reaction rate and a liquid phase additive for reducing the viscosity of the system, and the pre-reactor is provided with a first sensor for detecting the reaction temperature and the reaction pressure in the pre-reactor.
5. The intelligent reinforcing system for polyethylene preparation based on the bulk method of claim 4, wherein the additive comprises one or more mixed solvents of plasticizer, antioxidant, internal lubricant and ultraviolet absorber.
6. The intelligent intensive system for preparing polyethylene based on the bulk method of claim 1, wherein the post-reactor is provided with a second sensor for detecting the reaction temperature and the reaction pressure in the post-reactor.
7. The intelligent enhancement system for bulk-based polyethylene production according to claim 1, wherein the first separation tank is provided with a return pipe at the top for returning the separated upper ethylene to the ethylene storage tank, and a flow dividing pipe at the bottom for connecting the second separation tank and the blower at two ends for delivering the separated lower ethylene to the second separation tank and the blower, respectively.
8. The intelligent reinforcement system for polyethylene preparation based on the bulk method of claim 1, wherein the compression pump is provided with a compression controller for controlling the pressure in the system by adjusting the power of the compression pump.
9. The intelligent reinforcing system for preparing polyethylene based on the bulk method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger is provided with a heat exchange controller for controlling the temperature in the system by adjusting the temperature of the heat exchange medium.
10. An intelligent strengthening process for preparing polyethylene based on a body method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: respectively introducing ethylene and hydrogen into an ethylene storage tank, conveying an initiator and an additive to a pre-reactor, and starting to operate a system after the conveying is finished;
step 2: after the system operates, the ethylene storage tank respectively conveys the ethylene gas to each micro-interface generator, each micro-interface generator can respectively crush the ethylene gas to form micron-sized bubbles, and the micron-sized bubbles are respectively output to the pre-reactor and the post-reactor after being crushed;
and step 3: the micron-sized bubbles are mixed with an initiator and an additive in a pre-reactor to form a gas-liquid emulsion, the pre-reactor is heated to enable ethylene in the gas-liquid emulsion to undergo a prepolymerization reaction to generate a mixed material containing polyethylene, after the reaction is finished, a compression pump conveys unpolymerized ethylene gas back to an ethylene storage tank through a return pipe at the top of the pre-reactor to be reused, and during the reaction, a first sensor can detect the reaction temperature and the reaction pressure in the pre-reactor in real time and convey the measured data to a transport processor;
and 4, step 4: after the prepolymerization reaction is finished, the pre-reactor outputs the mixed material to a first separation tank, the first separation tank separates the material, the ethylene gas in the material is pumped out and is conveyed back to an ethylene storage tank through a return pipe for reuse, and the mixed material is output after separation;
and 5: the mixed material passes through a shunt pipe in the conveying process, the shunt pipe separates the material, polyethylene is conveyed to a blower, and the mixed material is conveyed to a second separation tank;
step 6: the second separation tank separates the mixed materials, the polyethylene at the bottom layer is conveyed to the blower, and the mixed materials at the upper layer are conveyed to the post reactor;
and 7: the rear reactor receives the micron-sized bubbles and the mixed material respectively, the micron-sized bubbles and the mixed material are fully mixed to form a gas-liquid emulsion, and during reaction, the second sensor can detect the reaction temperature and the reaction pressure in the rear reactor in real time and transmit the measured data to the cloud processor;
and 8: enabling ethylene in the gas-liquid emulsion to perform prepolymerization reaction to generate a mixed material containing polyethylene, outputting the mixed material to a third separation tank through a discharge pipe at the bottom of a rear reactor after the reaction is finished, and conveying unpolymerized ethylene gas back to an ethylene storage tank through a return pipe at the top of the rear reactor by a compression pump for reuse;
and step 9: the third separation tank separates the mixed material output by the post reactor, the ethylene gas on the upper layer flows back to the ethylene storage tank, and the polyethylene on the lower layer is conveyed to the purging device;
step 10: the purging device purges the pipeline in the polyethylene conveying process so as to prevent the polyethylene from blocking the pipeline;
step 11: in the operation process of the system, the cloud processor receives detection data transmitted by the sensors, when at least one data exceeds a preset range, the cloud processor searches and screens an optimal solution in the cloud database, sends control signals to one or more controllers in the compression controller and the heat exchange controller according to the optimal solution, and the controllers receiving the control signals adjust corresponding equipment so as to control designated process parameters in the system.
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| CN112495320A (en) * | 2019-09-14 | 2021-03-16 | 南京延长反应技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation system and process of vinyl chloride polymer |
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Application publication date: 20210316 |