CN112498171A - Battery monitoring system and method and vehicle - Google Patents

Battery monitoring system and method and vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112498171A
CN112498171A CN202011475916.4A CN202011475916A CN112498171A CN 112498171 A CN112498171 A CN 112498171A CN 202011475916 A CN202011475916 A CN 202011475916A CN 112498171 A CN112498171 A CN 112498171A
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battery
bms
converter
insulation
power
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CN202011475916.4A
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CN112498171B (en
Inventor
杜诗轩
魏长河
王建国
耿强
周恩飞
付志学
魏文博
刘凯
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Beiqi Foton Motor Co Ltd
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Beiqi Foton Motor Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a battery monitoring system, a method and a vehicle, wherein the system comprises a power battery, a first DC/DC converter, a battery management system BMS connected with the first DC/DC converter, a battery insulation monitoring module connected with the first DC/DC converter, and a battery negative pole contactor, one end of the battery negative pole contactor is connected with the first DC/DC converter, the other end of the battery negative pole contactor is connected with the battery insulation monitoring module, and the first DC/DC converter is arranged on the power battery; a power battery for supplying power to the BMS through the first DC/DC converter so as to wake up the BMS; the battery insulation monitoring module is used for detecting first insulation resistance values at two ends of the battery cathode contactor; the BMS is awakened and then used for obtaining a first insulation resistance value detected by the battery insulation monitoring module, and detecting whether the battery state parameter of the power battery is abnormal or not under the condition that the first insulation resistance value is larger than a first preset insulation resistance value threshold value.

Description

Battery monitoring system and method and vehicle
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of battery monitoring, and in particular, to a battery monitoring system, a battery monitoring method, and a vehicle.
Background
At present, new energy automobiles are rapidly developed, power batteries are used as important components of the new energy automobiles to provide electric energy for the operation of the new energy automobiles, the power batteries on the new energy automobiles are basically lithium secondary batteries at present, and due to the characteristics of materials such as electrodes and electrolyte adopted by the lithium secondary batteries, potential safety hazards such as combustion and explosion exist in the batteries or the whole automobiles.
In the related technology, the early warning function is realized on the potential safety hazard of a power battery or the whole vehicle by data redundancy of any several combined detectors/sensors such as smoke, temperature, flame, photoelectricity and carbon monoxide gas concentration detection modes, but the alarm system can only give an alarm to a driver and passengers on the vehicle in a normal power-on state of the vehicle, and cannot give a safety early warning when the vehicle is in a parking state; in addition, in the process of monitoring the battery state, if the electrical connection of the battery monitoring system fails, the accuracy of the monitoring result is also affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a battery monitoring system, method and vehicle.
In a first aspect, a battery monitoring system is provided for a vehicle, the system comprising: a power Battery, a first DC/DC converter (DC-DC converter), a BMS (Battery Management System) connected to the first DC/DC converter, a Battery insulation monitoring module connected to the first DC/DC converter, and a Battery negative contactor, one end of which is connected to the first DC/DC converter, and the other end of which is connected to the Battery insulation monitoring module, wherein the first DC/DC converter is disposed on the power Battery; the power battery is used for supplying power to the BMS through the first DC/DC converter so as to wake up the BMS; the battery insulation monitoring module is used for detecting a first insulation resistance value at two ends of the battery cathode contactor; the BMS is used for acquiring the first insulation resistance value detected by the battery insulation monitoring module after being awakened, and detecting whether the battery state parameter of the power battery is abnormal or not under the condition that the first insulation resistance value is larger than a first preset insulation resistance value threshold value.
Optionally, the battery state parameter includes a second insulation resistance value of the power battery; and the BMS is used for controlling the battery negative contactor to be closed so that the battery insulation monitoring module detects the insulation state of the power battery to obtain the second insulation resistance value under the condition that the first insulation resistance value is larger than the first preset insulation resistance value threshold value.
Optionally, the system further comprises an alarm device connected to the BMS, and the BMS is configured to control the alarm device to alarm when it is determined that the battery state parameter is abnormal.
Optionally, the BMS is configured to determine that the battery negative contactor is stuck when it is determined that the first insulation resistance value is less than or equal to the first preset insulation resistance value threshold.
Optionally, the BMS is configured to control the alarm device to alarm when it is determined that the battery negative contactor is stuck.
Optionally, the first DC/DC converter wakes up according to a preset wake-up period, a duration wake-up time of each time is a preset time, and the power battery supplies power to the BMS within the preset time after the first DC/DC converter is woken up.
Optionally, the BMS executes the battery monitoring step in a loop when it is determined that the battery state parameter is normal, and adjusts the preset wake-up period to obtain a new preset wake-up period when the execution number reaches a preset number threshold, and the first DC/DC converter wakes up according to the new preset wake-up period; the battery monitoring step includes: the first DC/DC converter wakes up according to the preset wake-up period; the power battery supplies power to the BMS within the preset time after the first DC/DC converter is awakened so as to awaken the BMS; and the BMS detects whether the battery state parameters of the power battery are abnormal or not after being awakened.
Optionally, the system further comprises a vehicle-mounted terminal, the vehicle-mounted terminal is connected with the BMS, and the vehicle-mounted terminal is awakened after the BMS is awakened; and the vehicle-mounted terminal is used for recording the battery state parameters acquired by the BMS.
In a second aspect, a battery monitoring method is provided, which is applied to a battery monitoring system on a vehicle, and the system includes: the system comprises a power battery, a first DC/DC converter, a BMS connected with the first DC/DC converter, a battery insulation monitoring module connected with the first DC/DC converter, and a battery negative pole contactor, wherein one end of the battery negative pole contactor is connected with the first DC/DC converter, and the other end of the battery negative pole contactor is connected with the battery insulation monitoring module, wherein the first DC/DC converter is arranged on the power battery; the method comprises the following steps: the power battery supplies power to the BMS through the first DC/DC converter so as to wake up the BMS; detecting a first insulation resistance value at two ends of the battery cathode contactor through the battery insulation monitoring module; and after the BMS is awakened, the first insulation resistance value detected by the battery insulation monitoring module is acquired by the BMS, and whether the battery state parameter of the power battery is abnormal or not is detected under the condition that the first insulation resistance value is determined to be larger than a first preset insulation resistance value threshold value.
Optionally, the battery state parameter includes a second insulation resistance value of the power battery; under the condition that the first insulation resistance value is determined to be larger than a first preset insulation resistance value threshold value, detecting whether the battery state parameter of the power battery is abnormal or not comprises the following steps:
and under the condition that the BMS determines that the first insulation resistance value is larger than the first preset insulation resistance value threshold value, the BMS controls the battery negative contactor to be closed so that the battery insulation monitoring module detects the insulation state of the power battery, and the second insulation resistance value is obtained.
Optionally, the system further comprises an alarm device connected to the BMS, and the method further comprises: and the BMS controls the alarm device to give an alarm when determining that the battery state parameters are abnormal.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and the BMS determines that the battery negative electrode contactor is adhered under the condition that the first insulation resistance value is smaller than or equal to the first preset insulation resistance value threshold value.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and the BMS controls the alarm device to give an alarm when determining that the battery cathode contactor is adhered.
Optionally, the power battery supplying the BMS with power through the first DC/DC converter includes: and awakening the first DC/DC converter according to a preset awakening period, wherein the continuous awakening time of each time is preset time, and the power battery supplies power to the BMS within the preset time after the first DC/DC converter is awakened.
Optionally, the method further comprises: the BMS circularly executes the battery monitoring step under the condition that the battery state parameters are determined to be normal, and adjusts the preset awakening period to obtain a new preset awakening period under the condition that the execution times reach a preset time threshold value so that the first DC/DC converter is awakened according to the new preset awakening period; wherein the battery monitoring step comprises: the first DC/DC converter wakes up according to the preset wake-up period; the power battery supplies power to the BMS within the preset time after the first DC/DC converter is awakened so as to awaken the BMS; and detecting whether the battery state parameters of the power battery are abnormal or not through the awakened BMS.
Optionally, the system further includes a vehicle-mounted terminal connected to the BMS, and the method further includes: and recording the battery state parameters acquired by the BMS through the vehicle-mounted terminal.
In a third aspect, a vehicle is provided, comprising the battery monitoring system of the first aspect of the present disclosure.
By adopting the system, the BMS can be supplied with power through the first DC/DC converter arranged on the power battery in a parking state so as to wake up the BMS, thus, after the BMS is woken up, whether battery state parameters of the power battery are abnormal or not can be detected, for example, whether battery state parameters of the power battery, such as voltage, temperature, insulation resistance value and the like, are abnormal or not can be detected, so that early warning can be timely carried out under the condition that the battery state parameters of the power battery are abnormal, and the safety monitoring of the power battery in the parking state can be realized, in addition, the battery monitoring system also comprises a battery cathode contactor and a battery insulation monitoring module connected with the first DC/DC converter, one end of the battery cathode contactor is connected with the first DC/DC converter, the other end of the battery cathode contactor is connected with the battery insulation monitoring module, like this, can detect the first insulation resistance at battery negative contactor both ends through battery insulation monitoring module earlier to under the circumstances that the first insulation resistance is greater than first predetermined insulation resistance threshold value is confirmed, can confirm that battery negative contactor does not take place the adhesion, can further detect this moment whether power battery's battery state parameter is unusual, thereby at the security of the electrical connection of many-sided control vehicle, and then guaranteed the accuracy that battery state detected.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a first type of battery monitoring system according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a battery monitoring high voltage according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a second battery monitoring system according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a third battery monitoring system according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating a first battery monitoring method according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart illustrating a second method of battery monitoring according to an exemplary embodiment;
fig. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
Firstly, an application scenario of the present disclosure is introduced, and the present disclosure is mainly applied to a scenario of safety monitoring of a power battery, where the power battery is an important component of a new energy vehicle and provides electric energy for operation of the new energy vehicle, and the power battery on the current new energy vehicle is basically a lithium secondary battery, and due to characteristics of materials such as an electrode and an electrolyte adopted by the lithium secondary battery, potential safety hazards such as combustion and explosion of the battery or the entire vehicle exist.
In the related technology, the early warning function is mostly realized by data redundancy of any several combined detectors/sensors such as smoke, temperature, flame, photoelectricity and carbon monoxide gas concentration detection modes and the like on the potential safety hazard of a power battery or a whole vehicle, but the alarm system usually carries out alarm prompt on a vehicle instrument panel, so that a driver and passengers on the vehicle can only be warned in a normal power-on state of the vehicle, the safety early warning cannot be carried out when the vehicle is in a parking state, and in addition, in the process of monitoring the battery state, if the electrical connection of the battery monitoring system breaks down, the accuracy of a monitoring result can also be influenced.
A24-hour monitoring system for a power battery in the existing market generally adopts a 24V storage battery for power supply, which can cause the electric quantity loss of the storage battery, thereby influencing the normal starting of a vehicle; or, the power Battery supplies power through a second DC/DC converter (which is a whole vehicle DC/DC converter), but in a parking state, the whole vehicle negative contactor is in an off state, and the power Battery cannot normally supply power to a Battery Management System (BMS) or a whole vehicle insulation monitoring module, so that the safety monitoring of the power Battery cannot be realized in the parking state.
In order to solve the above problems, the present disclosure provides a battery monitoring system, a method and a vehicle, in which a BMS is powered through a first DC/DC converter provided on a power battery in a parking state to wake up the BMS, so that the BMS can detect whether battery state parameters of the power battery, such as voltage, temperature and insulation resistance of the power battery, are abnormal after being woken up, so that an early warning can be timely performed in case that the battery state parameters of the power battery are abnormal, thereby safely monitoring the power battery in the parking state, and further, the battery monitoring system further includes a battery negative electrode contactor having one end connected to the first DC/DC converter and a battery insulation monitoring module connected to the first DC/DC converter, the other end of the battery negative electrode contactor is connected with the battery insulation monitoring module, so that first insulation resistance values at two ends of the battery negative electrode contactor can be detected through the battery insulation monitoring module, and under the condition that the first insulation resistance value is larger than a first preset insulation resistance value threshold value, the battery negative electrode contactor can be determined not to be adhered, at the moment, the battery negative electrode contactor can be controlled to be closed, so that the battery insulation monitoring module further detects the insulation state of the power battery, a second insulation resistance value is obtained, the safety of electrical connection of a vehicle is monitored in many aspects, and the accuracy of battery insulation detection is further guaranteed; meanwhile, in a parking state, the BMS is powered by the power battery, and the problem of insufficient power of the storage battery caused by power supply of the storage battery can be avoided.
Specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a battery monitoring system 100 according to an exemplary embodiment, applied to a vehicle, as shown in fig. 1, the system including:
a power battery 101, a first DC/DC converter 102, a battery management system BMS103 connected to the first DC/DC converter 102, a battery insulation monitoring module 104 connected to the first DC/DC converter 102, and a battery negative contactor 105, one end of the battery negative contactor 105 being connected to the first DC/DC converter 102, the other end of the battery negative contactor 105 being connected to the battery insulation monitoring module 104, wherein the first DC/DC converter 102 is disposed on the power battery 101;
the power battery 101 for supplying power to the BMS103 through the first DC/DC converter 102 so as to wake up the BMS 103; the battery insulation monitoring module 104 is configured to detect a first insulation resistance value at two ends of the battery negative contactor 105; after being awakened, the BMS103 is configured to obtain the first insulation resistance detected by the battery insulation monitoring module, and detect whether the battery state parameter of the power battery 101 is abnormal or not under the condition that it is determined that the first insulation resistance is greater than a first preset insulation resistance threshold.
The first DC/DC converter 102 is disposed on the power battery 101, and it can also be understood that the first DC/DC converter 102 is a voltage converter of the power battery 101, the battery state parameters may include any one or more battery parameters such as a second insulation resistance value, a voltage, and a temperature of the power battery, and when the vehicle is in a parking state, the BMS103 is in a sleep state, so that, in the parking state of the vehicle, the BMS103 may be powered by the first DC/DC converter 102, which is a voltage converter of the power battery 101, to wake up the BMS103, thereby monitoring the battery state of the power battery 101 by the BMS103 in the parking state.
In addition, since the BMS103 normally supplies 24V low voltage power and the power battery 101 is a high voltage power supply (normally 600V), the first DC/DC converter 102 is a step-down voltage converter, and may convert the 600V voltage of the power battery 101 into 24V voltage, for example, and supply power to the BMS 103.
The battery insulation monitoring module 104 may further send the collected second insulation resistance value of the power battery 101 to the BMS103, so that the BMS103 may determine whether the insulation state of the power battery 101 is abnormal according to the second insulation resistance value, and in a possible implementation manner, the BMS103 determines that the insulation state of the power battery 101 is abnormal when determining that the second insulation resistance value is less than or equal to a second preset insulation resistance value threshold value.
The second preset insulation resistance threshold may be preset according to a related safety standard, for example, the second preset insulation resistance threshold may be set to 100V/Ω (volt/ohm).
It should be noted that, when the vehicle is in a stopped state and the insulation state of the power battery 101 is not detected, the battery negative contactor 105 is normally in an open state (i.e., the insulation resistance across the battery negative contactor 105 is sensed to be infinite), but if adhesion occurs to the battery negative contactor 105, the first insulation resistance value at both ends of the battery negative electrode contactor 105 is generally small, in which case the accuracy of the detection result of the power battery state is not high, and therefore, in the present disclosure, the BMS may first acquire the first insulation resistance value detected by the battery insulation monitoring module after the BMS is awakened, and detecting whether the battery state parameter of the power battery is abnormal or not under the condition that the first insulation resistance value is determined to be larger than a first preset insulation resistance value threshold value, therefore, the accuracy of battery insulation detection is ensured, and the safety of electrical connection of the vehicle is monitored in multiple aspects.
In the present disclosure, the battery state parameter may include a second insulation resistance value of the power battery, the BMS103 may obtain a first insulation resistance value of two ends of the battery negative contactor 105 detected by the battery insulation monitoring module 104 after being awakened, and since the insulation resistance value of two ends of the battery negative contactor 105 is infinite when the battery negative contactor 105 is in an open state, it may be determined that the battery negative contactor 105 is currently in a normally open state (i.e., no adhesion occurs) under the condition that the first insulation resistance value is greater than the first preset insulation resistance value threshold, at this time, the battery negative contactor 105 may be controlled to be closed so that the battery insulation monitoring module 104 further detects the insulation state of the power battery 101 to obtain the second insulation resistance value, so that before detecting the insulation state of the power battery, the safety of the electrical connection of the battery monitoring system is detected, the accuracy of the subsequent detection result of the insulation state of the power battery is ensured.
The first preset insulation resistance value threshold may be set to a value as large as possible according to actual needs, which is not limited in this disclosure.
It should be particularly noted that, in order to detect whether the battery negative electrode contactor 105 is adhered before the battery insulation monitoring module 104 detects the insulation state of the power battery 101, the battery insulation monitoring module 104 is generally disposed behind the battery negative electrode contactor 105, and in addition, considering the principle of high voltage monitoring of the entire vehicle, the insulation state of the entire vehicle is generally monitored by the entire vehicle insulation monitoring module during driving, and in the high voltage monitoring schematic diagram (as shown in fig. 2), the entire vehicle negative electrode contactor (as KM2 in fig. 2) is connected between the battery insulation monitoring module 104 and the entire vehicle insulation monitoring module, and in a parking state, the entire vehicle negative electrode contactor is in an off state, if the battery insulation monitoring module 104 is disposed behind the entire vehicle negative electrode contactor, and in the parking state, when the insulation control of the power battery 101 is detected by the battery insulation monitoring module 104, the closing of the Vehicle negative contactor is also controlled, but the opening and closing of the Vehicle negative contactor is controlled by a VCU (Vehicle control unit), and in a parking state, the VCU is also in a power-off state, and the closing of the Vehicle negative contactor cannot be controlled, so in the present disclosure, the battery insulation monitoring module 104 is generally disposed behind the battery negative contactor 105 and in front of the Vehicle negative contactor, and thus in the parking state, the insulation monitoring of the power battery 101 can be realized only by controlling the closing of the battery negative contactor 105.
Alternatively, fig. 3 is a block diagram showing the structure of a battery monitoring system 100 according to the embodiment shown in fig. 1, and as shown in fig. 3, the system further includes an alarm device 106 connected to the BMS103, so that the BMS103 can be used to control the alarm device 106 to alarm in case of determining that the battery state parameter is abnormal.
Wherein the alarm device 106 may comprise a buzzer alarm.
In a possible implementation manner, the power supply of the alarm device 106 may be controlled by the BMS103, and the BMS103 may control the power supply outputting the alarm device 106 in case of determining that the battery state parameter is abnormal, so that the alarm device 106 is powered and gives an alarm, for example, the buzzer alarms, and continuously emits a sound of a droplet, so as to warn other vehicles or persons around the vehicle of safety.
As mentioned above, the BMS103 determines that the insulation state of the power battery 101 is abnormal in the case where it is determined that the second insulation resistance value is less than or equal to the second preset insulation resistance value threshold, and in the present disclosure, controls the alarm device 106 to give an alarm in the case where it is determined that the insulation state of the power battery 101 is abnormal.
In addition, the present disclosure may monitor the insulation state of the power battery 101, detect any battery state parameter such as voltage and temperature of the power battery, and perform an alarm prompt by controlling the alarm device 106 when it is determined that at least one battery state parameter is abnormal.
For example, the BMS103 may determine whether the cell voltage, the total voltage, and the voltage difference between the cells of the power battery 101 are within a normal range after being awakened, determine whether the temperature of the battery is within a normal range, determine whether the insulation resistance value of the battery is within a normal range according to the obtained second insulation resistance value of the battery, and control a buzzer alarm connected to the BMS103 to alarm when it is determined that at least one of the voltage, the temperature, and the insulation resistance value of the battery is not within a normal range.
Optionally, when it is determined that the first insulation resistance value is less than or equal to the first preset insulation resistance value threshold, it may be determined that the battery negative electrode contactor 105 is adhered, and in consideration of that if the battery negative electrode contactor 105 is adhered, when the vehicle enters a driving state or is charged by inserting or robbing, the insulation monitoring module of the entire vehicle is easily damaged or misjudged, therefore, the BMS103 may also control the alarm device 106 to give an alarm when it is determined that the battery negative electrode contactor 105 is adhered, so as to timely remind relevant personnel to take relevant safety measures to ensure personal and property safety.
Alternatively, to save energy consumption, the battery state parameter of the power battery 101 may be monitored according to a preset period within 24 hours of a day, for example, once every hour, so that the BMS103 may wake up periodically, therefore, in the present disclosure, the first DC/DC converter 102 may wake up according to a preset wake-up period, and the continuous wake-up time of each time is a preset time, so that the power battery 101 powers the BMS103 within the preset time after the first DC/DC converter 102 is woken up, and accordingly, the BMS103 is woken up periodically, and the battery state parameter of the power battery 101 may be monitored periodically.
For example, the initial state may be monitored for 5 minutes every hour, the preset wake-up period is 55 minutes, and the continuous wake-up time is 5 minutes (preset time), which is only an example and is not limited by the present disclosure.
It should be noted that, in a practical application scenario, the power battery 101 and the first DC/DC converter 102 are electrically connected through a manual maintenance switch MSD, and in a general case, the MSD is in a closed state, so that the power battery 101 continuously supplies power to the first DC/DC converter 102, but the first DC/DC converter 102 is only woken up (which may be controlled by a program) when receiving a wake-up command, and the first DC/DC converter 102 can supply power to the BMS103 only after being woken up, so that, in a possible implementation, the wake-up command may be periodically sent to the first DC/DC converter 102 according to the preset wake-up period, so that the first DC/DC converter 102 periodically supplies power to the BMS 103.
In addition, when it is determined that the battery state parameter of the power battery 101 is abnormal, the first DC/DC converter 102 may be controlled to be continuously in the wake-up state through interaction between the BMS103 and the first DC/DC converter 102 (i.e., the first DC/DC converter 102 may continuously supply power to the BMS 103), and accordingly, the BMS103 may also be continuously in the wake-up state, so that the power battery may be continuously monitored, and the alarm device 106 may also continuously give an alarm until the MSD between the power battery 101 and the first DC/DC converter 102 is pulled out.
Optionally, in this disclosure, the BMS103 may perform the battery monitoring step in a loop when determining that the battery state parameter is normal, and in order to further save energy consumption in the battery monitoring process, considering that the battery state parameter of the power battery 101 is considered to be good in the current state if the battery state parameter of the power battery 101 is detected for a plurality of times to be normal, the BMS may adjust the preset wake-up period to obtain a new preset wake-up period when the execution time reaches a preset time threshold (for example, 80 times, 100 times, or 200 times, and the like), for example, may extend the preset wake-up period, for example, adjust the preset wake-up period from 5 minutes per hour to 5 minutes per two hours, and the first DC/DC converter 102 may wake up according to the new preset wake-up period; wherein, this battery monitoring step includes: the first DC/DC converter 102 wakes up according to the preset wake-up period; the power battery 101 supplies power to the BMS103 for the preset time after the first DC/DC converter 102 is awakened, so as to awaken the BMS 103; the BMS103 detects whether the battery state parameter of the power battery 101 is abnormal after being awakened.
Here, when the BMS103 wakes up according to the new preset wake-up period, if the battery state parameter of the power battery 101 is detected to be abnormal, the warning device 106 may be controlled to give a warning in the above manner, and in order to further monitor the battery state of the power battery, the BMS103 may also monitor whether the continuous change of the power battery state is within the normal range according to the previously accumulated battery state data (such as voltage, temperature, insulation resistance value, etc.).
For example, assuming that the preset normal range of the temperature difference between the battery temperatures detected every two times is less than or equal to 2 degrees, if the temperatures of the power battery detected in the past 5 times are 25 degrees, 27 degrees, 28 degrees and 35 degrees, respectively, it is obvious that the difference between the battery temperature value detected in the 5 th time and the battery temperature value detected in the 4 th time does not conform to the normal range of the temperature difference, at this time, it may be determined that the temperature parameter of the power battery is abnormal, and the BMS103 may control the alarm device 106 to alarm, so as to implement multi-aspect monitoring of the battery state.
Alternatively, fig. 4 is a block diagram of a battery monitoring system 100 according to the embodiment shown in fig. 3, and as shown in fig. 4, the system further includes a vehicle-mounted terminal 107, the vehicle-mounted terminal 107 is connected to the BMS103, after the BMS103 wakes up, the BMS103 can supply power to the vehicle-mounted terminal 107, and the vehicle-mounted terminal 107 wakes up; the vehicle-mounted terminal 107 is configured to record the battery status parameter obtained by the BMS, so that a notification message is sent to a preset terminal (generally, a terminal of a professional handling a battery failure) through the vehicle-mounted terminal 107, and the professional can be timely notified to go to process.
The above has described a specific implementation manner of monitoring the state of the power battery 101 by using the battery monitoring system 100 provided by the present disclosure when the vehicle is parked, and in addition, after the vehicle enters a driving state from the parking state, the insulation state of the entire vehicle can be monitored by the entire vehicle insulation monitoring module, and the battery state parameter of the power battery can be monitored by the BMS, so that 24-hour monitoring of the power battery can be realized by using the method provided by the present disclosure, and the present disclosure uses two insulation monitoring modules (i.e. the battery insulation monitoring module and the entire vehicle insulation monitoring module), and in case that the battery insulation monitoring module detects that the insulation resistance of the power battery is normal, the BMS sends a signal to the BMS, and the BMS recloses the battery negative electrode contactor 106 (like KM11 in fig. 2), but if the insulation resistance of the power battery 101 is not normal, it indicates that the vehicle is parked at this time, the battery negative electrode contactor 106 is adhered, so that a buzzing alarm can be carried out, and meanwhile, when the vehicle is charged with low voltage, the fault is reported to the whole vehicle, and the whole vehicle can not be charged with high voltage any more, so that the safe switching from the parking state of the whole vehicle to the driving state or the charging state is facilitated.
It should be noted that, in the vehicle parking process, if a driving instruction or a charging instruction is received, the driving instruction or the charging instruction is preferentially executed, at this time, the battery insulation monitoring module 104 needs to be controlled to be disconnected first, and then a normal driving power-on or plug-in charging power-on strategy is executed.
Here, the disconnection of the battery insulation monitoring module 105 may be controlled in the following manner: the BMS103 may send a first sleep command to the battery insulation monitoring module 104 such that after the battery insulation monitoring module 104 enters the sleep state, the insulation resistance of the power battery 101 is no longer detected, while the BMS103 controls the battery negative contactor 105 to be opened, and the BMS103 may also send a second sleep command to the first DC/DC converter 102 such that the first DC/DC converter 102 also enters the sleep state, i.e., the BMS103 is no longer powered.
In consideration of practical application scenarios, the entire DC/DC converter is generally used to supply power to the BMS103 during driving, and the first DC/DC converter is used to supply power to the BMS103 during parking, so that the BMS103 can distinguish whether the vehicle is in driving (or charging) or parking through different power supply pins.
By adopting the system, the state of the power battery can be discontinuously monitored by the BMS and the battery insulation monitoring module in the non-working state of the power battery (neither inserting or robbing charging nor driving), and the state of the power battery is predicted, so that the fault of the power battery during parking can be timely found, buzzing alarm can be timely carried out, and personnel and vehicles around the vehicle can be warned; meanwhile, data can be uploaded to the vehicle-mounted terminal, so that a professional can be reminded of going to a site to process faults in time; meanwhile, under the parking state, the first DC/DC converter arranged on the power battery can supply power for the BMS so as to wake up the BMS, and therefore, after the BMS is awakened, whether the battery state parameters of the power battery are abnormal can be detected, and therefore early warning can be timely carried out under the condition that the battery state parameters of the power battery are abnormal, and safety monitoring of the power battery under the parking state is achieved.
In addition, the battery monitoring system also comprises a battery cathode contactor and a battery insulation monitoring module connected with the first DC/DC converter, one end of the battery negative electrode contactor is connected with the first DC/DC converter, the other end of the battery negative electrode contactor is connected with the battery insulation monitoring module, thus, the first insulation resistance value of the two ends of the battery cathode contactor can be detected by the battery insulation monitoring module, and under the condition that the first insulation resistance value is determined to be larger than the first preset insulation resistance value threshold, the battery negative electrode contactor can be determined not to be adhered, at the moment, the battery negative electrode contactor can be controlled to be closed, so that the battery insulation monitoring module further detects the insulation state of the power battery to obtain a second insulation resistance value, therefore, the safety of the electrical connection of the vehicle is monitored in multiple aspects, and the accuracy of the battery insulation detection is further ensured; meanwhile, in a parking state, the BMS is powered by the power battery, so that the problem of insufficient power of the storage battery caused by power supply of the storage battery and the problem of high energy consumption in 24-hour monitoring can be avoided.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart illustrating a battery monitoring method according to an exemplary embodiment, applied to a battery monitoring system 100 on a vehicle, the system including: the system comprises a power battery, a first DC/DC converter, a BMS (battery management system) connected with the first DC/DC converter, a battery insulation monitoring module connected with the first DC/DC converter, and a battery negative pole contactor, wherein one end of the battery negative pole contactor is connected with the first DC/DC converter, and the other end of the battery negative pole contactor is connected with the battery insulation monitoring module, wherein the first DC/DC converter is arranged on the power battery; as shown in fig. 5, the method includes:
in step S501, the power battery supplies power to the BMS through the first DC/DC converter so as to wake up the BMS.
In step S502, the BMS acquires the first insulation resistance value detected by the battery insulation monitoring module through the BMS after the BMS is awakened.
In step S503, the BMS detects whether the battery state parameter of the power battery is abnormal, in case that it is determined that the first insulation resistance value is greater than a first preset insulation resistance value threshold value.
In addition, since the BMS generally supplies 24V low voltage and the power battery is a high voltage power supply (generally 600V), the first DC/DC converter is a step-down voltage converter, for example, the BMS may be powered up after converting the 600V voltage of the power battery into the 24V voltage.
In the process of monitoring the battery state, if the electrical connection of the battery monitoring system fails, the accuracy of the monitoring result is also affected, so that the battery negative electrode contactor can be detected before the insulation state of the power battery is detected in order to ensure the accuracy of the battery insulation detection and the safety of the electrical connection of the vehicle in various aspects.
In the practical application scenario, the vehicle is in a parking state, and when the insulation state of the power battery is not detected, the battery negative contactor is normally in an off state (i.e. the insulation resistance values at the two ends of the battery negative contactor are detected to be infinite), therefore, in the present disclosure, the first insulation resistance value detected by the battery insulation monitoring module can be obtained through the BMS, and under the condition that the first insulation resistance value is determined to be greater than the first preset insulation resistance value threshold value, the battery negative contactor can be considered to be normally connected electrically (i.e. adhesion does not occur), at this time, the insulation state of the power battery can be detected by the battery insulation monitoring module by controlling the battery negative contactor to be closed, and the second insulation resistance value is obtained.
The first preset insulation resistance value threshold may be set to a value as large as possible according to actual needs, which is not limited in this disclosure.
Optionally, the system further includes an alarm device connected to the BMS, and fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a battery monitoring method according to the embodiment shown in fig. 5, as shown in fig. 6, the method further includes:
in step S504, the BMS controls the alarm device to alarm when it is determined that the battery state parameter is abnormal.
Wherein, the alarm device can comprise a buzzer alarm.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 6, the method further includes:
in step S505, the BMS determines that the battery negative contactor is stuck in the case where it is determined that the first insulation resistance value is less than or equal to the first preset insulation resistance value threshold.
In step S506, the BMS controls the alarm device to alarm when it is determined that the battery negative contactor is stuck.
Optionally, the power battery supplying power to the BMS through the first DC/DC converter includes: and waking up the first DC/DC converter according to a preset wake-up period, wherein the continuous wake-up time of each time is preset time, and the power battery supplies power to the BMS within the preset time after the first DC/DC converter is woken up.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 6, the method further includes:
in step S507, the BMS executes the battery monitoring step in a loop when it is determined that the battery state parameter is normal, and adjusts the preset wake-up period to obtain a new preset wake-up period when the execution number reaches a preset number threshold, so that the first DC/DC converter wakes up according to the new preset wake-up period.
Wherein, this battery monitoring step includes: the first DC/DC converter wakes up according to the preset wake-up period; the power battery supplies power to the BMS within the preset time after the first DC/DC converter is awakened so as to awaken the BMS; and detecting whether the battery state parameter of the power battery is abnormal or not through the awakened BMS.
Optionally, the system further includes a vehicle-mounted terminal connected to the BMS, and as shown in fig. 6, the method further includes:
in step S508, the battery state parameters acquired by the BMS are recorded by the in-vehicle terminal.
After recording the battery state parameters acquired by the BMS, the vehicle-mounted terminal may send a notification message to a preset terminal (generally, a terminal of a professional handling a battery failure), so that the professional can be notified to proceed with the processing in time.
With regard to the method in the above embodiment, the specific implementation manner of each step has been described in detail in the above embodiment of the battery monitoring system, and will not be elaborated herein.
By adopting the method, the BMS can be supplied with power through the first DC/DC converter arranged on the power battery in a parking state so as to wake up the BMS, and thus, after the BMS is woken up, whether battery state parameters of the power battery are abnormal can be detected, for example, whether battery state parameters of the power battery such as voltage, temperature and insulation resistance value are abnormal can be detected, so that early warning can be timely carried out under the condition that the battery state parameters of the power battery are abnormal, and the safety monitoring of the power battery can be realized in the parking state.
In addition, the battery monitoring system also comprises a battery cathode contactor and a battery insulation monitoring module connected with the first DC/DC converter, one end of the battery negative electrode contactor is connected with the first DC/DC converter, the other end of the battery negative electrode contactor is connected with the battery insulation monitoring module, thus, the first insulation resistance value of the two ends of the battery cathode contactor can be detected by the battery insulation monitoring module, and under the condition that the first insulation resistance value is determined to be larger than the first preset insulation resistance value threshold, the battery negative electrode contactor can be determined not to be adhered, at the moment, the battery negative electrode contactor can be controlled to be closed, so that the battery insulation monitoring module further detects the insulation state of the power battery to obtain a second insulation resistance value, therefore, the safety of the electrical connection of the vehicle is monitored in multiple aspects, and the accuracy of the battery insulation detection is further ensured; meanwhile, in a parking state, the BMS is powered by the power battery, and the problem of insufficient power of the storage battery caused by power supply of the storage battery can be avoided.
Fig. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a vehicle including the battery monitoring system 100 described above, as shown in fig. 7, according to an exemplary embodiment.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various combinations that are possible in the present disclosure are not described again.
In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. A battery monitoring system for use in a vehicle, the system comprising:
the system comprises a power battery, a first DC/DC converter, a battery management system BMS connected with the first DC/DC converter, a battery insulation monitoring module connected with the first DC/DC converter, and a battery negative pole contactor, wherein one end of the battery negative pole contactor is connected with the first DC/DC converter, and the other end of the battery negative pole contactor is connected with the battery insulation monitoring module, wherein the first DC/DC converter is arranged on the power battery;
the power battery is used for supplying power to the BMS through the first DC/DC converter so as to wake up the BMS;
the battery insulation monitoring module is used for detecting a first insulation resistance value at two ends of the battery cathode contactor;
and the BMS is used for acquiring the first insulation resistance value detected by the battery insulation monitoring module after being awakened, and detecting whether the battery state parameter of the power battery is abnormal or not under the condition that the first insulation resistance value is determined to be larger than a first preset insulation resistance value threshold value.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the battery state parameter comprises a second insulation resistance value of the power battery; and the BMS is used for controlling the battery negative contactor to be closed so that the battery insulation monitoring module detects the insulation state of the power battery to obtain the second insulation resistance value under the condition that the first insulation resistance value is larger than the first preset insulation resistance value threshold value.
3. The system according to claim 1, further comprising an alarm device connected to the BMS, the BMS controlling the alarm device to alarm in case it is determined that the battery state parameter is abnormal.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the BMS is configured to determine that the battery negative contactor is stuck if the first insulation resistance value is determined to be less than or equal to the first preset insulation resistance value threshold.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the BMS is configured to control the alarm device to alarm if it is determined that the battery negative contactor is stuck.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the first DC/DC converter wakes up according to a preset wake-up period, and each time the continuous wake-up time is a preset time, and the power battery powers the BMS for the preset time after the first DC/DC converter wakes up.
7. The system according to claim 6, wherein the BMS performs the battery monitoring step in a cycle when it is determined that the battery status parameter is normal, and adjusts the preset wake-up period to obtain a new preset wake-up period when the number of times of execution reaches a preset number threshold, the first DC/DC converter waking up according to the new preset wake-up period;
the battery monitoring step includes:
the first DC/DC converter wakes up according to the preset wake-up period;
the power battery supplies power to the BMS within the preset time after the first DC/DC converter is awakened so as to awaken the BMS;
and the BMS detects whether the battery state parameters of the power battery are abnormal or not after being awakened.
8. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a vehicle-mounted terminal connected to the BMS, the vehicle-mounted terminal being awakened after the BMS is awakened;
and the vehicle-mounted terminal is used for recording the battery state parameters acquired by the BMS.
9. A battery monitoring method applied to a battery monitoring system on a vehicle, the system comprising: the system comprises a power battery, a first DC/DC converter, a BMS connected with the first DC/DC converter, a battery insulation monitoring module connected with the first DC/DC converter, and a battery negative pole contactor, wherein one end of the battery negative pole contactor is connected with the first DC/DC converter, and the other end of the battery negative pole contactor is connected with the battery insulation monitoring module, wherein the first DC/DC converter is arranged on the power battery; the method comprises the following steps:
the power battery supplies power to the BMS through the first DC/DC converter so as to wake up the BMS;
detecting a first insulation resistance value at two ends of the battery cathode contactor through the battery insulation monitoring module;
and after the BMS is awakened, the first insulation resistance value detected by the battery insulation monitoring module is acquired by the BMS, and whether the battery state parameter of the power battery is abnormal or not is detected under the condition that the first insulation resistance value is determined to be larger than a first preset insulation resistance value threshold value.
10. A vehicle characterized by comprising the battery monitoring system of any one of claims 1 to 8.
CN202011475916.4A 2020-12-14 2020-12-14 Battery monitoring system and method and vehicle Active CN112498171B (en)

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