CN112495311A - Low-mercury catalyst three-turn method and device - Google Patents
Low-mercury catalyst three-turn method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112495311A CN112495311A CN202011091364.7A CN202011091364A CN112495311A CN 112495311 A CN112495311 A CN 112495311A CN 202011091364 A CN202011091364 A CN 202011091364A CN 112495311 A CN112495311 A CN 112495311A
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 2
- 229960002523 mercuric chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L mercury dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Hg]Cl LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/005—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream
- B01J8/0055—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream using cyclones
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
- B01J38/02—Heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/0005—Catalytic processes under superatmospheric pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/001—Controlling catalytic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/07—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by addition of hydrogen halides
- C07C17/08—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by addition of hydrogen halides to unsaturated hydrocarbons
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of calcium carbide method PVC synthesis, in particular to a low-mercury catalyst three-overturning method and a device, wherein the low-mercury catalyst three-overturning method comprises the steps of completing the self-overturning of a low-mercury catalyst in a background converter when the low-mercury catalyst in the background converter is used for 4000-6000 h, completing the self-overturning of the low-mercury catalyst in the background converter to a foreground converter when the low-mercury catalyst in the background converter is used for 6000-10000 h, and completing the self-overturning of the low-mercury catalyst in the foreground converter when the background converter is overturned to the low-mercury catalyst in the foreground converter for 10000-12000 h. The invention overturns the low-mercury catalyst with poor catalytic effect after being used for a period of time and then recycles the low-mercury catalyst, thereby greatly prolonging the service life of the low-mercury catalyst, improving the utilization rate of the low-mercury catalyst, avoiding resource waste, simultaneously reducing the production cost and improving the production efficiency and the economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of calcium carbide method PVC synthesis, and discloses a method and a device for low-mercury catalyst triple-turn.
Background
Polyvinyl chloride resin is a synthetic material which is popular, popular and widely used in the world today, and its global usage is second-most high among various synthetic materials, and there are mainly two production methods for vinyl chloride used for synthesizing polyvinyl chloride: calcium carbide process and acetylene process. The calcium carbide method is mostly adopted in China to produce vinyl chloride, and in the process of producing vinyl chloride by the calcium carbide method, a mercuric chloride catalyst has an irreplaceable effect as a catalyst, but with gradual depletion of mercury resources, the price cost of mercuric chloride is increased year by year, meanwhile, China pays great attention to prevention and treatment of mercury pollution, and the low-mercury catalyst is provided for calcium carbide method polyvinyl chloride production enterprises to clearly define the prevention and treatment target of heavy metal pollution, so that the utilization rate of the low-mercury catalyst is increased, the mercury resources are saved, and the mercury pollution is reduced, thereby having important significance.
At present, in the process of producing chloroethylene by a calcium carbide method, the problems of poor catalytic effect, short catalyst using time and high consumption can occur after a low-mercury catalyst in a converter is used for a period of time, other efficient low-mercury catalyst using methods are not available at the present stage, a new catalyst is used for replacement after the catalytic activity of the low-mercury catalyst is reduced, the catalyst with certain catalytic activity in the low-mercury catalyst to be scrapped is easily wasted by the replacement method, the environment can be polluted while resource waste is caused, and the labor cost can be increased by frequently replacing the low-mercury catalyst.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for triple-turning of a low-mercury catalyst, overcomes the defects of the prior art, and can effectively solve the problem of low utilization rate of the low-mercury catalyst caused by short use time and high consumption of the low-mercury catalyst in the production of chloroethylene by a calcium carbide method.
One of the technical schemes of the invention is realized by the following measures: a low-mercury catalyst three-turn method is carried out according to the following method: the method comprises the steps that firstly, when a low-mercury catalyst in a background converter is used for 4000 to 6000 hours, the background converter is stopped and decompressed, the temperature of the background converter is kept at 90 to 100 ℃, nitrogen is adopted to purge and replace hydrogen chloride gas in mixed gas in the background converter, when the content of vinyl chloride gas in the mixed gas at an outlet of the background converter is replaced to be less than 0.2%, the low-mercury catalyst in the background converter is pumped into a separator to be separated to obtain ash and low-mercury catalyst particles, the ash is discharged from an exhaust pipeline, and the low-mercury catalyst particles enter the background converter again through a feeding pipeline, so that the low-mercury catalyst in the background converter is turned over; secondly, when the low-mercury catalyst in the background converter is used for 6000 to 10000 hours, the low-mercury catalyst in the background converter is extracted and separated to obtain low-mercury catalyst particles, and the low-mercury catalyst particles enter the foreground converter through a feeding pipeline to finish the turnover of the low-mercury catalyst in the background converter to the foreground converter; and thirdly, when the background converter is overturned to the condition that the low-mercury catalyst in the foreground converter is used for 10000h to 12000h, extracting and separating the low-mercury catalyst in the foreground converter to obtain low-mercury catalyst particles, and enabling the low-mercury catalyst particles to enter the foreground converter again through a feeding pipeline to finish the overturning of the low-mercury catalyst in the foreground converter.
The following is a further optimization or/and improvement of one of the above-mentioned technical solutions of the invention:
the pressure is released until the pressure is lower than 5 kPa.
The second technical scheme of the invention is realized by the following measures: a device for triple turning of a low-mercury catalyst comprises a converter and a separator, wherein a discharge pipeline is fixedly communicated between an outlet at the top of the converter and an inlet at the upper part of the separator, an exhaust pipeline is fixedly communicated with an outlet at the top of the separator, and a feeding pipeline is fixedly communicated between an outlet at the bottom of the separator and an inlet of the converter.
The following is further optimization or/and improvement of the second technical scheme of the invention:
the converter comprises a background converter and a foreground converter.
A discharge pipeline is fixedly communicated between the top outlet of the background converter and the upper inlet of the separator, and a feed pipeline is fixedly communicated between the bottom outlet of the separator and the inlet of the background converter.
A discharge pipeline is fixedly communicated between the top outlet of the background converter and the upper inlet of the separator, and a feed pipeline is fixedly communicated between the bottom outlet of the separator and the inlet of the foreground converter.
A discharge pipeline is fixedly communicated between the top outlet of the front converter and the upper inlet of the separator, and a feed pipeline is fixedly communicated between the bottom outlet of the separator and the inlet of the front converter.
The separator is a movable cyclone separator.
The invention overturns the low-mercury catalyst with poor catalytic effect after being used for a period of time and then recycles the low-mercury catalyst, thereby greatly prolonging the service life of the low-mercury catalyst, improving the utilization rate of the low-mercury catalyst, avoiding resource waste, simultaneously reducing the production cost and improving the production efficiency and the economic benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process flow of the low-mercury catalyst in the background converter of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a process flow of the low-mercury catalyst in the background converter turning over to the foreground converter according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a process flow of the low-mercury catalyst in the foreground converter of the present invention turning over itself.
The codes in the figures are respectively: 1 is a background converter, 2 is a foreground converter, 3 is a separator, 4 is an exhaust pipeline, 5 is a feeding pipeline, and 6 is a discharging pipeline.
Detailed Description
The present invention is not limited by the following examples, and specific embodiments may be determined according to the technical solutions and practical situations of the present invention.
The invention is further described below with reference to the following examples:
example 1: as shown in the attached fig. 1, 2 and 3, the low-mercury catalyst triple-turn method is carried out according to the following method: firstly, when a low-mercury catalyst in a background converter 1 is used for 4000 to 6000 hours, stopping the background converter 1 for pressure relief, keeping the temperature of the background converter 1 at 90 to 100 ℃, purging and replacing hydrogen chloride gas in mixed gas in the background converter 1 by adopting nitrogen, and when the content of the vinyl chloride gas in the mixed gas at an outlet of the background converter 1 is less than 0.2%, pumping the low-mercury catalyst in the background converter 1 to a separator 3 for separation to obtain ash and low-mercury catalyst particles, discharging the ash from an exhaust pipeline 4, and feeding the low-mercury catalyst particles into the background converter 1 again from a feeding pipeline 5 to finish the self overturning of the low-mercury catalyst in the background converter 1; secondly, when the low-mercury catalyst in the background converter 1 is used for 6000h to 10000h, the low-mercury catalyst in the background converter 1 is extracted and separated to obtain low-mercury catalyst particles, and the low-mercury catalyst particles enter the foreground converter 2 through the feeding pipeline 5 to finish overturning of the low-mercury catalyst in the background converter 1 to the foreground converter 2; thirdly, when the background converter 1 is overturned to the low-mercury catalyst in the foreground converter 2 and the low-mercury catalyst is used for 10000h to 12000h, the low-mercury catalyst in the foreground converter 2 is extracted and separated to obtain low-mercury catalyst particles, and the low-mercury catalyst particles enter the foreground converter 2 again through the feeding pipeline 5, so that the low-mercury catalyst in the foreground converter 2 is overturned.
In the prior art, a low-mercury catalyst used in the process of producing vinyl chloride by a calcium carbide method is scrapped when the catalytic effect is deteriorated, and then is replaced by a new low-mercury catalyst as a catalyst, the replacement method easily wastes the low-mercury catalyst with certain catalytic activity in the low-mercury catalyst to be scrapped, so that the environment can be polluted while resource waste is caused, and the labor cost can be increased by frequently replacing the low-mercury catalyst; the invention utilizes a three-turnover method to overturn and reuse the low-mercury catalyst with poor catalytic effect, removes ash and caking substances in the low-mercury catalyst with poor catalytic effect, so that pores in the low-mercury catalyst can be opened, the contact area of the low-mercury catalyst with hydrogen chloride gas and acetylene gas in unit volume is increased, the catalytic effect of the low-mercury catalyst is improved, the utilization rate of the low-mercury catalyst is improved, in the overturning process of the low-mercury catalyst, the sealing property and the strength are ensured, meanwhile, the pipeline is made of high molecular composite materials, the friction coefficient of the pipe wall is reduced to the maximum extent, the abrasion consumption of the low-mercury catalyst is reduced when the low-mercury catalyst is overturned, the problem that the ash content is more due to repeated pumping overturning of the low-mercury catalyst is avoided, the service life of the overturned low-mercury catalyst is greatly prolonged, and the service life can be more than 20000 h.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, as the optimization of the above embodiment, the pressure is released to be lower than 5 kPa.
Example 3: as shown in attached figures 1, 2 and 3, the device for the low-mercury catalyst triple-turnover method comprises a converter and a separator 3, wherein a discharge pipeline 6 is fixedly communicated between an outlet at the top of the converter and an inlet at the upper part of the separator 3, a vent pipeline 4 is fixedly communicated between an outlet at the top of the separator 3, and a feed pipeline 5 is fixedly communicated between an outlet at the bottom of the separator 3 and an inlet of the converter.
The invention improves the turnover mode and the pipeline of the low-mercury catalyst, can prolong the service time of the low-mercury catalyst in the converter to the maximum extent, solves the problem that the low-mercury catalyst has low catalytic activity and affects the operation of the device, and greatly reduces the consumption of the low-mercury catalyst during the synthesis of PVC by a calcium carbide method.
Example 4: as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, as an optimization of the above embodiment, the converter includes a background converter 1 and a foreground converter 2.
Example 5: as shown in fig. 1, as an optimization of the above embodiment, a discharge line 6 is fixedly communicated between the top outlet of the background converter 1 and the upper inlet of the separator 3, and a feed line 5 is fixedly communicated between the bottom outlet of the separator 3 and the inlet of the background converter 1.
Example 6: as shown in fig. 2, as an optimization of the above embodiment, a discharge line 6 is fixedly communicated between the top outlet of the background converter 1 and the upper inlet of the separator 3, and a feed line 5 is fixedly communicated between the bottom outlet of the separator 3 and the inlet of the foreground converter 2.
Example 7: as shown in the attached figure 3, as the optimization of the above embodiment, a discharge pipeline 6 is fixedly communicated between the top outlet of the front converter 2 and the upper inlet of the separator 3, and a feed pipeline 5 is fixedly communicated between the bottom outlet of the separator 3 and the inlet of the front converter 2.
Example 8: as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the separator 3 is a movable cyclone separator as an optimization of the above embodiment.
In the invention, one end of the feed pipeline 5 and the discharge pipeline 6 connected with the separator 3 can adopt metal hoses, and the length of the metal hoses can be 1m to 2m, so that the separator 3 can be moved to the background converter 1 and the foreground converter 2 which need to overturn the low-mercury catalyst in time.
In conclusion, the low-mercury catalyst with poor catalytic effect after being used for a period of time is turned over and then recycled, so that the service life of the low-mercury catalyst is greatly prolonged, the utilization rate of the low-mercury catalyst is improved, the resource waste is avoided, the production cost is reduced, and the production efficiency and the economic benefit are improved.
The technical characteristics form an embodiment of the invention, which has strong adaptability and implementation effect, and unnecessary technical characteristics can be increased or decreased according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.
Claims (10)
1. A low-mercury catalyst triple-turn method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps that firstly, when a low-mercury catalyst in a background converter is used for 4000 to 6000 hours, the background converter is stopped and decompressed, the temperature of the background converter is kept at 90 to 100 ℃, nitrogen is adopted to purge and replace hydrogen chloride gas in mixed gas in the background converter, when the content of vinyl chloride gas in the mixed gas at an outlet of the background converter is replaced to be less than 0.2%, the low-mercury catalyst in the background converter is pumped into a separator to be separated to obtain ash and low-mercury catalyst particles, the ash is discharged from an exhaust pipeline, and the low-mercury catalyst particles enter the background converter again through a feeding pipeline, so that the low-mercury catalyst in the background converter is turned over; secondly, when the low-mercury catalyst in the background converter is used for 6000 to 10000 hours, the low-mercury catalyst in the background converter is extracted and separated to obtain low-mercury catalyst particles, and the low-mercury catalyst particles enter the foreground converter through a feeding pipeline to finish the turnover of the low-mercury catalyst in the background converter to the foreground converter; and thirdly, when the background converter is overturned to the condition that the low-mercury catalyst in the foreground converter is used for 10000h to 12000h, extracting and separating the low-mercury catalyst in the foreground converter to obtain low-mercury catalyst particles, and enabling the low-mercury catalyst particles to enter the foreground converter again through a feeding pipeline to finish the overturning of the low-mercury catalyst in the foreground converter.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pressure is reduced to a pressure below 5 kPa.
3. The device for implementing the low-mercury catalyst triple-turnover method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising a converter and a separator, wherein a discharge pipeline is fixedly communicated between an outlet at the top of the converter and an inlet at the upper part of the separator, a vent pipeline is fixedly communicated between an outlet at the top of the separator, and a feed pipeline is fixedly communicated between an outlet at the bottom of the separator and an inlet of the converter.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the converter comprises a background converter and a foreground converter.
5. The device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that a discharge line is fixedly communicated between the top outlet of the background converter and the inlet of the upper part of the separator, and a feed line is fixedly communicated between the bottom outlet of the separator and the inlet of the background converter.
6. The device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that a discharge pipeline is fixedly communicated between the top outlet of the background converter and the inlet of the upper part of the separator, and a feed pipeline is fixedly communicated between the bottom outlet of the separator and the inlet of the front converter.
7. The apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a discharge line is fixedly communicated between the top outlet of the front converter and the upper inlet of the separator, and a feed line is fixedly communicated between the bottom outlet of the separator and the inlet of the front converter.
8. Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the separator is a mobile cyclone separator.
9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein a discharge line is fixedly communicated between the top outlet of the front converter and the upper inlet of the separator, and a feed line is fixedly communicated between the bottom outlet of the separator and the inlet of the front converter.
10. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the separator is a removable cyclone separator.
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