CN112493580A

CN112493580A - Mask suitable for old, weak, sick and disabled people during epidemic outbreak period

Info

Publication number: CN112493580A
Application number: CN202011112011.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘玉龙; 易海亮; 张媛; 汪国杰
Original assignee: Hunan Science And Technology Affairs Center
Current assignee: Hunan Science And Technology Affairs Center
Priority date: 2020-10-16
Filing date: 2020-10-16
Publication date: 2021-03-16

Abstract

A mask suitable for the old, the weak, the sick and the disabled in the epidemic situation outbreak period is characterized in that the mask body, a mask nose clip and a mask belt are combined into a whole by adopting the existing manufacturing method for producing the mask, wherein the mask body consists of an outer virus killing fabric, a middle moderate oxygenation film and an inner virus killing fabric; the mask body is of a three-layer structure, an outer-layer virus killing fabric is made of graphene oxide antibacterial non-woven fabrics, a middle-layer moderate oxygenation film is made of unmodified Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) high polymer films, an inner-layer virus killing fabric is made of graphene oxide antibacterial non-woven fabrics which are the same as the outer-layer virus killing fabric, a mask nose clip is made of plastic materials, and a mask belt is made of elastic materials capable of being hot-melted and pressed.

Description

Mask suitable for old, weak, sick and disabled people during epidemic outbreak period

Technical Field

The patent relates to the technical field of masks, in particular to a mask suitable for people with the old, the weak, the sick and the disabled to use in an epidemic outbreak period.

Background

Researchers from cambridge university, london university college, higher economy college of paris, hong kong science and technology university, and the finnish family association utilized two artificial intelligence models to predict the effect of wearing a mask on the transmission of new corona viruses. According to the simulation result of the AI model, the infection curve of the virus is significantly smoothed when the mask usage rate reaches 80% compared to blocking the city. Meanwhile, when the mask wearing rate is less than 50%, it is insufficient to prevent virus transmission. Therefore, during epidemic outbreak, people need to wear the mask when going out. However, the masks on the market are various, cotton, activated carbon and medical disposable masks, and the N95 masks are also divided into several kinds, and graphene masks are newly developed. Then, different people can obtain the best effect of preventing the novel coronavirus by selecting the mask, and the inventor researches, so that the existing mask is suitable for adults, teenagers and children, but lacks of masks suitable for the old, the weak, the sick and the disabled; from the perspective of preventing the spread of new coronavirus, the old, weak, sick and disabled people are few and few masks suitable for the old, weak, sick and disabled people on the market, and the reasons for the masks are explored, the following points can be provided:

firstly, the old, weak, sick and disabled people are not only groups with low immunity, but also weak groups with economic bearing capacity, in the epidemic outbreak period, the old, weak, sick and disabled people are high risk groups which are easily infected by viruses and carrier groups which spread the viruses, the front side which needs to breathe in and the back side which needs to breathe out gas have the functions of killing the viruses and inhibiting the viruses, the existing mask is mostly suitable for healthy people to use and prevent the viruses from inhaling into the oral cavity, the function of killing the viruses outside the body of the respirator is rarely developed, even if the existing mask exists, the price of the finished product is high, the difference of the price is dozens of times or even hundreds of times, the old, weak, sick and disabled people cannot use, and the mask which is suitable for the old, weak, sick and disabled people to use needs to be developed;

the old, weak, sick and disabled people are people with various conventional diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases and the like with weak respiratory regulation functions, suffocating feeling caused by insufficient oxygen often appears when the people carry masks, even the conventional diseases are induced to be highlighted, especially in epidemic outbreak, the old, weak, sick and disabled people are people who need to go out with masks frequently and people who carry and remove masks illegally, and the old, weak, sick and disabled people become people who are not only people most susceptible to virus infection but also people most prone to virus propagation and contact people. At present, a functional mask which is suitable for old, weak, sick and disabled people and has the functions of killing new coronavirus and increasing oxygen moderately is not developed; the proper oxygenation means that the oxygen concentration of normal life of people is between 19.5% and 23.5%, and the excess oxygen and the deficiency oxygen cause harm to human bodies; therefore, the moderate oxygen-increasing mask for the old, weak, sick and disabled people is developed, the comfortable feeling of the old, weak, sick and disabled people with the mask is increased, the breathing is not suffocated, the function of improving the original diseases is achieved, and the old, weak, sick and disabled people can realize the normalization of the mask.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to meet the coming of the new viruses which may infect human beings in the next round, it is necessary to develop a mask which is suitable for the old, the weak, the sick and the disabled in the epidemic outbreak period, and the mask can meet the following functional requirements: firstly, the outer layer and the inner layer of the mask have the functions of killing all viruses and bacteria in the mask, and the middle layer is moderately oxygenated, so that the functional requirements of the physiological defects of the old, the weak, the sick and the disabled are met; secondly, the mask is economical and practical in price, old, weak, sick and disabled people can afford to buy and use the mask, and the psychological state of the old, weak, sick and disabled people with weak economic bearing capacity is relieved; and thirdly, the mask is the same as the existing general mask and meets the detection standard specified by the industry.

Accordingly, the technical scheme adopted by the patent is as follows: a mask suitable for the old, the weak, the sick and the disabled in the epidemic situation outbreak period is characterized in that the mask body, a mask nose clip and a mask belt are combined into a whole by adopting the existing manufacturing method for producing the mask, wherein the mask body consists of an outer virus killing fabric, a middle moderate oxygenation film and an inner virus killing fabric; the mask body is of a three-layer structure, an outer-layer virus killing fabric is made of graphene oxide antibacterial non-woven fabrics, a middle-layer moderate oxygenation film is made of unmodified Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) high polymer films, an inner-layer virus killing fabric is made of graphene oxide antibacterial non-woven fabrics which are the same as the outer-layer virus killing fabric, a mask nose clip is made of plastic materials, and a mask belt is made of elastic materials capable of being hot-melted and pressed; the moderate oxygenation film of middle level of gauze mask body tiling is in outer layer virus killing surface fabric and inlayer virus killing surface fabric, and through hot melt pressfitting mode again, outer virus killing surface fabric and inlayer virus killing surface fabric bonding as an organic whole that kills, the gauze mask nose presss from both sides through the bonding mode, sets up the edge on the gauze mask body between outer layer virus killing surface fabric and inlayer virus killing surface fabric, the gauze mask area bonds in the edge on the left and right sides of gauze mask body 1 through hot melt pressfitting mode.

The anti-bacterial graphene oxide non-woven fabric for the outer-layer virus-killing fabric and the inner-layer virus-killing fabric of the mask is prepared by adopting a melt-spraying method by taking Graphene Oxide (GO), polypropylene (PP) and an additive which are low in price and sufficient in market supply as raw materials, and comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1 percent of graphene oxide, 98 percent of polypropylene and 1 percent of additive, wherein a small amount of graphene oxide is mixed into polypropylene non-woven fabric, so that the advantages are complementary, high-efficiency antibacterial property, good hydrophilicity and cell compatibility are integrated, and the multifunctional mask has the advantages of adsorption and desorption, comfortable flexibility, good air permeability and strong durability, so that the multifunctional requirement of wearing the mask is met, particularly, the graphene oxide is a nano material for sterilizing, inhibiting bacteria and filtering viruses, bacteria, dust particles and aerosol in the air, the nano material is more than 0.1 micrometer, the nano material is a broad-spectrum antibacterial drug with a wide antibacterial range, and the double-tube graphene oxide is used for efficiently and quickly killing the viruses inhaled into the mouth and the nose and the viruses exhaled out of the mouth and the nose, and is particularly suitable for the old, the weak, the sick and the disabled to manufacture the mask; the graphene oxide has the function of supporting the weight of the graphene oxide by more than 100 times, and after the graphene oxide is integrated with the non-woven fabric, the outer layer and the inner layer can be made of one fabric without replacing the fabric variety in the inner layer by using the same graphene oxide antibacterial non-woven fabric; the graphene oxide has the function of a surfactant, and the surfactant is not added in the preparation, so that the preparation process is simplified, the variety and the using amount of the preparation are reduced, and the preparation cost is reduced.

The polydimethylsiloxane polymer film used in the moderate oxygenation film in the middle layer of the mask is the polymer film material with the earliest application and the highest oxygen permeability, and is also the most representative common polymer film material, as shown in table 1:

TABLE 1 gas permeability of common Polymer membranes

Polymer and method of making same	PΟ₂ ^※	PN₂ ^※	α
				Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)	6.05×10^-9	2.81×10^-9	2.15
Poly (4-methyl-1-ene)	3.23×10^-9	7.83×10^-10	4.13
				Ethyl cellulose	2.65×10^-9	8.40×10^-10	3.15
Natural rubber	2.33×10^-9	9.43×10^-10	2.47
				Poly (1, 3-butadiene)	1.90×10^-9	6.42×10^-10	2.96
Poly (2, 6-dimethyl p-phenylene ether)	1.58×10^-9	3.81×10^-10	4.15
				Polyethylene (d-0.914)	2.88×10^-9	9.69×10^-10	2.97
Polystyrene	2.63×10^-9	7.88×10^-10	3.34

The transmission coefficient unit is as follows: m is³/m²·Scc·(N/m²

As shown in Table 1, PDMS is a common polymer membrane material with the largest oxygen permeability coefficient and the smallest oxygen-nitrogen separation selectivity, because PDMS is (CH)₃)₂SiCI₂The viscous polysiloxane is synthesized by using the main raw material, Si-O-Si bonds on the main chain are easy to rotate, molecular chains are very flexible, cohesive energy density is low, the structure is loose, an amorphous aggregation structure has large free volume and high oxygen permeability, the amorphous aggregation structure is one of organic film materials with the highest gas permeability, the price is low, the amorphous aggregation structure becomes a preferred material for manufacturing an oxygen-enriched film, the amorphous aggregation structure has the defects that the oxygen-nitrogen separation coefficient is low, the selection coefficient is only 2.15, the film forming property and the film strength are poor, if a common oxygen-enriched film finished product is manufactured, modification treatment is needed, the selectivity, the film strength and other properties are improved while high permeability is kept, but the mask used by old, weak, sick and disabled people is only used for a middle layer in the mask, is protected by an outer layer and an inner layer, has low requirements on the strength, and can be flatly laid in the mask, the polydimethylsiloxane polymer film with uniform thickness of 50-100 microns is developed at present, and meets the requirements of moderate oxygenation masks for the old, the weak, the sick and the disabled; because the population is often accompanied with various chronic diseases, discomfort such as dizziness, dyspnea, sensitive skin and the like and suffocating feeling are often generated on wearing the mask, but the oxygen concentration is moderately increased, the symptoms are relieved, and the wearing comfort is also increased, but the selectivity of the existing modified polydimethylsiloxane oxygen-enriched film is improved, the oxygen-enriched concentration is required to be at least 28-30%, the oxygen enrichment is too high, the mask is not suitable for wearing, according to related research data, the normal oxygen content of the human body is maintained to be 20.9%, and the too high or too low oxygen content can cause harm to the human body, as shown in table 2:

TABLE 2 relationship of inspired oxygen concentration at atmospheric pressure to the appearance of symptoms

Serial number	Oxygen concentration (% by volume)	The occurrence of symptoms
			1	>23.5%	Rich in oxygen, has strong explosion risk, causes excessive free radicals of human body to generate other damages to body functions
2	20.9%	Maintaining normal oxygen concentration in human body
			3	19.5%	Maintaining the oxygen of human body to be lower in allowable concentration
4	15-19%	Lack of oxygen, reduced working efficiency, can lead to head, lung and circulatory problems
			5	10-12%	Severe hypoxia, shortness of breath, loss of judgment, purple lips
6	8-10%	Severe hypoxia, loss of intelligence, faint, unconsciousness, pale face, purple lips, nausea and vomiting
			7	6-8%	8 min lethal

As can be seen from Table 2, a normal human body only needs oxygen with a certain concentration, the oxygen with too high or too low concentration is harmful to the human body, especially for the old, the weak, the sick and the disabled, the mask wearing time is too long, the oxygen deficiency symptom may appear, the oxygen concentration in the mask needs to be properly increased, the oxygen concentration is between 19.5% and 23.5%, and is preferably between 21% and 22%, namely, the polydimethylsiloxane film with proper oxygen enrichment, high oxygen permeability and low oxygen and nitrogen separation selectivity in the mask just meets the requirement of proper oxygen enrichment.

The mask that a suitable old and weak sick and disabled crowd used in epidemic situation outbreak period of above-mentioned design preparation compares with current mask, has following technological effect:

firstly, the mask has the multifunctional functions of air suction, air suction and virus killing and proper oxygenation, is suitable for the old, the weak, the sick and the disabled high risk groups, and has the technical effects of comfort, no breath holding, no infection and no virus propagation when people wear the mask for a long time when going out during epidemic outbreak;

and secondly, cheap and practical graphene oxide, PP non-woven fabric and unmodified polydimethylsiloxane film which are sold on the market are selected as materials, the preparation and production process is simple, the mask is low in cost, and the mask is suitable for the economic bearing capacity of the old, the weak, the sick and the disabled which is purchased preferentially.

Drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic view of the external structure of the mask of this patent,

figure 2 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the mask body of the patent,

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the mask body;

in the figures 1, 2 and 3, 1 is a mask body, 2 is a mask nose strip, 3 is a mask belt, 1-1 is outer virus killing fabric, 1-2 is a middle-layer moderate oxygenation film, and 1-3 is inner virus killing fabric.

Detailed Description

The specific embodiment is described by combining the drawings: a mask suitable for the old, the weak, the sick and the disabled in the epidemic outbreak period is characterized in that the mask body 1, a mask nose clip 2 and a mask belt 3 are combined into a whole by adopting the existing manufacturing method for producing the mask, wherein the mask body 1 consists of an outer virus-killing fabric 1-1, a middle moderate oxygenation film 1-2 and an inner virus-killing fabric 1-3, the mask body 1 is of a three-layer structure, an outer virus killing fabric 1-1 is made of graphene oxide antibacterial non-woven fabrics, a middle moderate oxygenation film 1-2 is made of unmodified Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) high polymer films, an inner virus killing fabric 1-3 is made of graphene oxide antibacterial non-woven fabrics which are the same as the material 1-1, a mask nose clip 2 is made of plastic materials, and a mask belt is made of elastic materials which can be hot-melted and pressed; the moderate oxygenation film 1-2 in the middle layer of the mask body 1 is paved in the outer layer virus killing fabric 1-1 and the inner layer virus killing fabric 1-3, the outer layer virus killing fabric 1-1 and the inner layer virus killing fabric 1-3 are bonded into a whole in a hot melting and laminating mode, the mask nose clip 2 is arranged at the edge of the upper side of the mask body 1 between the outer layer virus killing fabric 1-1 and the inner layer virus killing fabric 1-3 in a bonding mode, and the mask belt 3 is bonded at the edges of the left side and the right side of the mask body 1 in the hot melting and laminating mode.

The anti-virus mask is characterized in that the anti-virus graphene oxide non-woven fabric used for the outer layer virus killing fabric 1-1 and the inner layer virus killing fabric 1-3 of the mask is prepared by a melt-spraying method by using Graphene Oxide (GO), polypropylene (PP) and additives which are low in price and sufficient in market supply as raw materials, and the mass ratio of the graphene oxide non-woven fabric is as follows: the graphene oxide is 1 percent plus or minus, the polypropylene is 98 percent plus or minus, the additive is 1 percent plus or minus, a small amount of graphene oxide is mixed into the polypropylene non-woven fabric, the advantage complementation is realized, the high-efficiency antibacterial property, the good hydrophilicity and the cell compatibility are integrated, the adsorption and desorption properties, the comfortable flexibility, the good air permeability and the strong durability are realized, the multifunctional requirement of wearing the mask is met, particularly, the graphene oxide is a nano material for sterilizing, inhibiting bacteria and filtering viruses, bacteria, dust particles and aerosol in the air, the particle size is more than 0.1 micrometer, the wide-spectrum antibacterial agent is wide in antibacterial range, and the viruses inhaled into the mouth and the nose and the viruses exhaled out of the mouth and the nose are killed efficiently and rapidly under the condition of double pipes.

The polydimethylsiloxane polymer film used for the middle-layer moderate oxygen increasing film 1-2 of the mask is a common polymer film material with the largest oxygen transmission coefficient and the smallest oxygen and nitrogen selectivity, and can be used for manufacturing the oxygen enrichment film, so that the polydimethylsiloxane polymer film is modified, the selectivity is improved while the high oxygen transmission is maintained, the minimum requirement for manufacturing the oxygen enrichment film with the oxygen concentration of 28-30% can be met, but normal oxygen absorption concentration is 19.5% -23.5%, and the polydimethylsiloxane polymer film is optimal, namely moderate oxygen increasing, for old, weak, sick and disabled people with common masks in epidemic situation outbreak period, because the oxygen concentration is too high or too low and can cause harm to the human body function, as shown in the table 2, the normal oxygen absorption concentration is 19.5% -23.5%, the middle-layer moderate oxygenation film 1-2 with the thickness of 50-100 microns is prepared by a substrate surface stripping method, and because of the low selectivity of polydimethylsiloxane oxygen-nitrogen separation, the oxygen concentration can only be moderately increased in the mask, and cannot be too high, so that the functional requirements of old, weak, sick and disabled people on wearing the mask and being comfortable and not suffocating are met.

Claims

1. A mask suitable for old, weak, sick and disabled people during epidemic outbreak is characterized in that a mask body (1), a mask nose clip (2) and a mask belt (3) are combined into a whole by adopting the existing manufacturing method for producing the mask, wherein the mask body (1) is composed of an outer layer virus-killing fabric (1-1), a middle layer moderate oxygenation film (1-2) and a virus-killing inner layer fabric (1-3), the mask body (1) is of a three-layer structure, the outer layer virus-killing fabric (1-1) is made of graphene oxide antibacterial non-woven fabric, the middle layer moderate oxygenation film (1-2) is made of unmodified polydimethylsiloxane polymer film, and the inner layer virus-killing fabric (1-3) is made of graphene oxide antibacterial non-woven fabric which is the same as the middle layer virus-killing fabric (1-1), the mask nose clip (2) is made of plastic materials, and the mask belt (3) is made of elastic materials which can be hot-melted and pressed; the middle-layer moderate oxygenation film (1-2) of the mask body (1) is tiled in the outer virus-killing fabric (1-1) and the virus-killing inner-layer fabric (1-3), the outer virus-killing fabric (1-1) and the virus-killing inner-layer fabric (1-3) are bonded into a whole in a hot-melting laminating mode, the mask nose clip (2) is arranged at the edge of the upper edge of the mask body (1) between the outer virus-killing fabric (1-1) and the inner-layer virus-killing fabric (1-3) in a bonding mode, and the mask belt (3) is bonded at the edges of the left side and the right side of the mask body (1) in the hot-melting laminating mode.

2. The mask according to claim 1, wherein the mask is made from graphene oxide, polypropylene and additives which are low in price and sufficient in market supply as raw materials by a melt-blowing method, and comprises the following components in parts by mass: the graphene oxide is 1 percent plus or minus, the polypropylene is 98 percent plus or minus, the additive is 1 percent plus or minus, a small amount of graphene oxide is mixed into the polypropylene non-woven fabric, the advantage complementation is realized, the high-efficiency antibacterial property, the good hydrophilicity and the cell compatibility are integrated, the adsorption and desorption properties, the comfortable flexibility, the good air permeability and the strong durability are realized, the multifunctional requirement of wearing the mask is met, particularly, the graphene oxide is a nano material for sterilizing, inhibiting bacteria and filtering viruses, bacteria, dust particles and aerosol in the air, the particle size is more than 0.1 micrometer, the wide-spectrum antibacterial agent is wide in antibacterial range, and the viruses inhaled into the mouth and the nose and the viruses exhaled out of the mouth and the nose are killed efficiently and rapidly under the condition of double pipes.

3. The mask according to claim 1, which is suitable for the elderly, infirm, sick and disabled people during the outbreak of an epidemic situation, and is characterized in that the polydimethylsiloxane polymer film used in the middle layer moderate oxygen enrichment film (1-2) of the mask is a common polymer film material with the largest oxygen permeability coefficient and the smallest oxygen and nitrogen selectivity, and the polydimethylsiloxane polymer film is modified to be used for manufacturing an oxygen enrichment film, so that the selectivity is improved while the high oxygen permeability is maintained, so that the minimum requirement for manufacturing the oxygen enrichment film with the oxygen concentration of 28-30% can be met, but normal people only need a certain oxygen concentration, especially the elderly, infirm, sick and disabled people, and the oxygen concentration is too high or too low to cause harm to the operation of human body mechanisms, and the normal oxygen concentration is 19.5% -23.5%, and the oxygen concentration of the elderly, infirm, sick and disabled people with the mask is most ideal within 21% -22% during the outbreak of an epidemic situation, the middle-layer moderate oxygen increasing film (1-2) with the thickness of 50-100 microns is prepared by a substrate surface stripping method by using an unmodified polydimethylsiloxane polymer film, and because of the low selectivity of polydimethylsiloxane oxygen-nitrogen separation, the oxygen concentration can only be moderately increased in the mask and cannot be too high, so that the functional effects that old, weak, sick and disabled people often take the mask and feel comfortable and cannot feel suffocated are achieved.