CN112490634A - Device with slot antenna - Google Patents
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- CN112490634A CN112490634A CN202011345510.4A CN202011345510A CN112490634A CN 112490634 A CN112490634 A CN 112490634A CN 202011345510 A CN202011345510 A CN 202011345510A CN 112490634 A CN112490634 A CN 112490634A
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04R—RADIO-CONTROLLED TIME-PIECES
- G04R60/00—Constructional details
- G04R60/06—Antennas attached to or integrated in clock or watch bodies
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/273—Adaptation for carrying or wearing by persons or animals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
- H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
- H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
- H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
- H01Q5/321—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors within a radiating element or between connected radiating elements
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Abstract
The present disclosure relates to the field of electronic equipment technology, and in particular provides a device with a slot antenna, including: a radiation aperture formed on the device; one end of the feed terminal crosses the gap and is connected to a feed point of the slot antenna, and the other end of the feed terminal is electrically connected with a radio frequency unit of the device; one end of the first inductor stretches across the gap to be connected to the grounding point of the slot antenna, and the other end of the first inductor is electrically connected with the grounding unit of the device; and the first capacitor is arranged in the gap, two electrodes of the first capacitor are respectively connected to two ends of the gap in the width direction, and the first capacitor is positioned between the feed terminal and the first inductor in the length direction of the gap. The antenna can meet the working requirements of a multi-frequency antenna, and the multi-frequency slot antenna can be realized on equipment with a small size.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of electronic devices, and more particularly, to a device having a slot antenna.
Background
With the development of electronic devices, more and more functions can be realized by intelligent wearable devices. Taking a smart watch as an example, the smart watch has functions of exercise assistance, satellite positioning, wireless connection, conversation and the like, and the functions are realized by depending on an antenna built in the watch.
In order to pursue aesthetic feeling and feel of equipment outward appearance, more and more intelligent wearing equipment adopts the metal material, adopts the gap antenna structure to realize the antenna function simultaneously. For wearable equipment, the size of the wearable equipment is often small, the design space of the antenna is limited, and the antenna function of more frequency bands is difficult to meet. Taking a smart watch as an example, due to the volume limitation of the watch, it is difficult to realize the dual-frequency GPS antenna design by using a slot antenna in the related art.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the technical problem of multi-band antenna design of electronic equipment, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide an apparatus having a slot antenna.
The disclosed embodiments provide an apparatus having a slot antenna, including:
a radiation aperture formed on the device;
one end of the feed terminal crosses the gap and is connected to a feed point of the slot antenna, and the other end of the feed terminal is electrically connected with a radio frequency unit of the device;
one end of the first inductor stretches across the gap to be connected to the grounding point of the slot antenna, and the other end of the first inductor is electrically connected with the grounding unit of the device; and
the first capacitor is arranged in the gap, two electrodes of the first capacitor are respectively connected to two ends of the gap in the width direction, and the first capacitor is located between the feed terminal and the first inductor in the length direction of the gap.
In some embodiments, the operating frequency of the slot antenna includes at least two resonant frequencies, and the first capacitor and the first inductor are used to adjust at least one resonant frequency of the operating frequency.
In some embodiments, the operating frequency of the slot antenna includes a first resonance and a second resonance, the first resonance being a second order resonance frequency of the slot antenna, the second resonance being a third order resonance frequency of the slot antenna.
In some embodiments, the operating frequency of the slot antenna includes a first resonance and a second resonance, the frequency band of the first resonance includes the L5 frequency band of the GPS satellite positioning system, and the frequency band of the second resonance includes the L1 frequency band of the GPS satellite positioning system.
In some embodiments, the operating frequency of the slot antenna further comprises a third resonance, the frequency band of which comprises a bluetooth/WiFi operating band.
In some embodiments, the third resonance is a fourth order resonant frequency of the slot antenna.
In some embodiments, the operating frequency of the slot antenna includes two-order resonant frequencies, and the first capacitor is located at a position where a voltage value of one-order resonant frequency is zero and a voltage value of the other-order resonant frequency is not zero in the length direction of the slot.
In some implementations, in a length direction of the slot, the first capacitor is located at a position where a voltage value of the second resonance is zero and a voltage value of the first resonance is not zero.
In some embodiments, the slot antenna is a half-wavelength slot antenna.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises: a main board including the ground unit and the radio frequency unit.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises: the first conductor and the mainboard are oppositely arranged at intervals, so that the gaps are formed between the first conductor and the mainboard at intervals.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises: and the second conductor is electrically connected with the grounding unit, and the gap is arranged on the second conductor.
In some embodiments, the apparatus is a mobile terminal.
In some embodiments, where the apparatus comprises a first conductor, the mobile terminal comprises: the conductive center, the center forms first conductor, the center interval is encircleed and is located the outside of mainboard, just the center with interval between the mainboard forms the gap.
In some embodiments, where the apparatus comprises a second conductor, the mobile terminal comprises: the shell is conductive, the shell forms the second conductor, the mainboard is located inside the shell, the ground module of mainboard with shell electric connection, the gap is seted up in on the shell.
In some embodiments, the mobile terminal comprises a wrist-worn device.
The device comprises a gap formed in the device, and a feed terminal and a first inductor which are bridged at two ends of the gap in the length direction, wherein the feed terminal is connected with a radio frequency unit of the device to form an excitation source of an antenna, and the first inductor is connected with a grounding unit of the device, namely, the first inductor is grounded, so that the effective electrical length of the gap antenna is increased, the length of the gap required by the antenna is shorter under the condition of realizing the same working frequency, and the occupation of the antenna gap on the equipment space is reduced. The first capacitor is arranged between the feed terminal and the first inductor, the frequency doubling relation adjustment of the multi-order resonance can be realized by adjusting the area position of the voltage distribution relation of the first capacitor at the multi-order resonance frequency, the multi-order resonance frequency is adjusted to the available working frequency, and the working requirements of multiple frequencies can be realized by using one antenna structure.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a terminal device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dual-frequency slot antenna in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a current distribution at a first order resonant frequency of an antenna in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a current distribution at a second order resonant frequency of an antenna according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a current distribution at a third order resonant frequency of an antenna according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a graph of the variation of the S parameter of the antenna applying the first capacitance at the voltage zero point position.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution at the second-order resonant frequency of the antenna after applying the first capacitance at the voltage zero point position.
Fig. 8 is a graph of the S-parameter of the antenna as a function of the first inductance after application of the first capacitance.
Fig. 9 is a graph of S-parameter of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 10 is a graph of the efficiency of an antenna according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure. In addition, technical features involved in different embodiments of the present disclosure described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The slot antenna is an antenna formed by opening a slot on a conductor plane, and a typical slot antenna may be formed as a long slot with a metal bezel through a Printed Circuit Board (PCB), for example, or may be formed as a long slot on a metal case, and a power feed connected across the slot serves as an excitation source of the antenna.
The working principle of the slot antenna is similar to that of a dipole antenna, and the length of the slot is 1/2 of the first-order resonant frequency wavelength of the antenna, that is, the slot length L of the slot antenna and the antenna working frequency wavelength λ have the following relationship:
in the formula (1), C is the speed of light, and f is the first-order resonance frequency. As can be seen from equation (1), the length L of the slot is inversely proportional to the operating frequency f of the antenna, i.e., the lower the operating frequency of the antenna, the longer the required slot length.
Taking a GPS satellite positioning system as an example, the civil frequency bands of the GPS satellite positioning system include an L1 frequency band and an L5 frequency band, the center frequency of L1 is 1.575GHz, and the center frequency of L5 is 1.176 GHz. Because of the large satellite coverage rate in the L1 frequency band, the GPS operating frequency band based on L1 is usually adopted, and a single-frequency GPS antenna is an antenna supporting only the L1 frequency band. The dual-frequency GPS supports L1 and L5 frequency bands, the L1 frequency band is used as a basic frequency band, and the L5 frequency band is used as an auxiliary L1 frequency band, so that the error of an ionosphere can be eliminated, and the positioning accuracy is greatly improved.
As can be calculated by the formula (1), the wave length of 1/2 in free space of the L1 wave of the GPS satellite positioning system is about 95mm, and the wavelength of 1/2 in free space of the L5 wave is about 127 mm. For some terminal devices, such as a typical smart watch, the volume space of the watch is limited, the slot antennas of GPS L1 and L5 cannot be made in the watch at the same time, and the wearable device often needs a bluetooth/wifi antenna, further compressing the internal space of the device. And the dual-frequency GPS satellite positioning system is difficult to realize by part of terminal equipment, so that the positioning accuracy of the equipment is low.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide an apparatus having a slot antenna, where the apparatus may be any device having a slot antenna structure, such as a handheld device like a smart phone or a tablet computer, and a wrist-worn device like a smart watch or a smart bracelet, and the present disclosure does not limit this. The device of the embodiment of the disclosure aims to realize the multiplexing of dual-frequency or more frequencies by using the multi-order resonant frequency of the slot antenna, and can realize a multi-frequency antenna structure in a smaller equipment space, for example, realize the design of a dual-frequency GPS antenna under the volume of the existing watch or bracelet. Therefore, the device disclosed by the invention has better effect on terminal equipment with smaller volume, such as wrist-worn equipment and the like. However, the apparatus of the present disclosure is equally applicable to any other device having a slot antenna, and can also achieve the same effect, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the disclosed apparatus having a slot antenna includes: a slot formed in the device, and a feed terminal and a first inductance connected across the slot. The gap may be a gap formed between a main board of the device and the metal middle frame, or a gap formed in a metal casing of the device, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
One end of the feed terminal is connected to a feed point of the antenna across the slot, and the other end of the feed terminal is connected with the radio frequency unit on the equipment mainboard, so that the feed terminal is used as an excitation source of the antenna. One end of the first inductor is connected to a grounding point of the antenna in a manner of crossing the slot, and the other end of the first inductor is connected with a grounding unit of the equipment mainboard, so that the first inductor is used as a grounding end of the antenna, namely, a slot from the feed terminal to the first inductor is a radiation slot of the antenna. In the length direction of the slot, the first capacitor is arranged between the feed terminal and the first inductor, and two ends of the electrode of the first capacitor are respectively connected with two ends of the slot in the width direction, so that at least one-order resonant frequency of the antenna is adjusted by utilizing the first capacitor and the first inductor.
The disclosed embodiment is as follows: the first capacitor and the first inductor are added in the slot antenna, the frequency multiplication relation of the multi-order resonant frequency of the slot antenna is adjusted, the multi-order resonant frequency is adjusted to the available working frequency, and the working requirements of multiple frequency bands can be met by using one antenna structure.
Based on the principle of the slot antenna, after the slot antenna is fed through the feed terminal, the slot antenna can generate multiple-order resonant frequencies, and multiple-order resonant frequencies have a frequency doubling relationship. For a single frequency antenna, it is often only the first order resonant mode (also referred to as the "fundamental mode") of the multiple order resonant frequencies that is available. The term "multi-frequency antenna" in this disclosure means: for the same slot antenna structure, two or more resonant frequencies can be utilized simultaneously.
For example, if one resonant frequency of the same slot antenna is 1.176GHz and the other resonant frequency is 1.575GHz, then the antenna can be used to implement both GPS L1 and L5 antennas. However, as can be seen from the foregoing, the multiple-order resonance of the slot antenna has a frequency doubling relationship, and for example, if the first-order resonance frequency is f0Second order resonant frequency of 2f0Third order resonant frequency of 3f0. This results in the inability to directly utilize multiple order resonant frequencies in most cases. For example, when the first-order resonant frequency of the slot antenna is 1.176GHz, the second-order resonant frequency reaches 2.352GHz, which is far more than 1.575GHz of the GPS L1 frequency band.
Based on the above principle, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first capacitor and the first inductor may be used to adjust the frequency doubling relationship of the multiple-order resonant frequencies of the slot antenna, so that the slot antenna meets the required target frequency.
To facilitate an intuitive understanding of the disclosed aspects, the disclosure is described below in conjunction with a specific embodiment. In the present embodiment, the device is exemplified by a smart watch, and the slot antenna is exemplified by an antenna for implementing a dual-band GPS. As can be seen from the foregoing, in the smart watch, the dual-frequency GPS antenna cannot be manufactured by using the slot antenna structure due to the volume space, and the present embodiment is directed to the design of implementing the dual-frequency GPS antenna in the smart watch.
As shown in fig. 1, the smart watch of the present embodiment includes a screen assembly 100, a metal middle frame 200, a device main board 300, a battery 400, and a bottom case 500. In the present embodiment, the slot antenna is formed by feeding and grounding the slot between the device main board 300 and the metal bezel 200. Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of the slot antenna of the present embodiment, and specifically, as shown in fig. 2, a circular slot 610 is formed between the device main board 300 and the middle frame 200. The feeding terminal 620 is bridged across the slot 610, one end of the feeding terminal 620 is connected to the middle frame 200 to form a feeding point, and the other end is connected to the rf unit on the device motherboard 300. The first inductor 630 is connected across the slot 610, one end of the first inductor 630 is connected to the middle frame 200 to form a ground point, and the other end is connected to the ground unit of the equipment main board 300. So that a slot antenna structure is formed between the feeding terminal 620 and the first inductor 630. It should be noted that the grounding unit of the apparatus according to the present embodiment refers to a PCB board of the device main board 300, and the PCB board is a ground of the whole system, which can be understood by those skilled in the art.
It is understood that, in the present embodiment, the first inductor 630 returns to the ground instead of directly returning to the ground at the antenna return point, and the return to the ground through the first inductor 630 corresponds to increasing the effective electrical length of the antenna, so that the resonant frequency of the slot antenna shifts toward a low frequency, as can be understood from the principle of the slot antenna.
With continued reference to fig. 2, the first capacitor 640 is connected across the gap 610, specifically, one end electrode of the first capacitor 640 is connected to the middle frame 200, and the other end electrode is connected to the grounding unit of the equipment main board 300. The provision of a capacitor in the slot antenna also increases the effective electrical length of the antenna, thereby shifting the resonant frequency of the slot antenna towards lower frequencies.
On this basis, it is continued to explore how to adjust a certain two-step resonant frequency of the slot antenna to the GPS L1 and L5 frequency bands.
First, considering that the central operating frequency of the GPS L1 band is 1.575GHz, and the central operating frequency of the L5 band is 1.176GHz, the frequency multiplication relationship between the two is about 1.34 times. Based on the foregoing, the first three-order resonant frequency of the slot antenna is f0，2f0，3f0Wherein the frequency doubling relationship between the second order resonance frequency and the third order resonance frequency is 1.5 times, which is relatively close to the frequency doubling relationship between the L1 frequency band and the L5 frequency band. Therefore, in the present embodiment, a dual-band GPS antenna is implemented using the second-order resonance frequency and the third-order resonance frequency of the slot antenna. For convenience of description, the second-order resonance frequency of the slot antenna is hereinafter defined as "first resonance", and the third-order resonance frequency is hereinafter defined as "second resonance".
It is worth to be noted that, in the present embodiment, in consideration of the actual volume of the smart watch, in terms of the volume of the normal wristwatch, only the first third order resonance is allowed to be adopted to realize the antenna structure with such a low frequency, and on the basis of the first third order resonance, the second order resonance and the third order resonance are adopted in the present embodiment, so that the dual-frequency GPS antenna is more favorably realized. However, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that, based on the concept of the present disclosure, in the context of other embodiments, the scheme of the present disclosure may theoretically implement adjustment of any two-order or multi-order resonant frequency, which is not limited to the example of the present embodiment, and the present disclosure is not repeated here.
Next, the frequency influence of the first capacitor 640 on the first resonance and the second resonance is further explored on the basis of the foregoing. Fig. 3 to 5 are schematic diagrams showing current distributions at the first third-order resonant frequency of the antenna when the first capacitor 640 is not provided, in which darker colors indicate denser current distributions, and lighter colors indicate less current distributions.
Fig. 3 shows the current distribution of the first-order resonant frequency of the slot antenna, and it can be seen that, in the direction from the feeding point a to the grounding point B, the current density gradually decreases, decreases to zero at the current zero point C, and then the current density gradually increases, that is, the first-order resonant frequency has one current zero point C. It should be noted that, theoretically, if the slot 610 is a regular slot, the current zero point C of the first-order resonant frequency should be located near the middle point of the slot, and since the device main board 300 is not regular in the present embodiment, the position of the current zero point C is slightly shifted.
Similarly, fig. 4 shows the current distribution of the second-order resonant frequency of the slot antenna, and it can be seen that the second-order resonant frequency has two current zeros D1 and D2. Fig. 5 shows the current distribution of the third-order resonant frequency of the slot antenna, which can be seen to have three current zeros E1, E2, and E3. It is also demonstrated by the current distributions of fig. 3 to 5 that the third-order resonance frequency has f0，2f0，3f0The frequency multiplication relationship of (1).
The voltage distribution of the resonant frequency is opposite to the current distribution, namely the current zero point position corresponds to the voltage peak value, and the current peak value position corresponds to the voltage zero point. According to the working principle of the capacitor, the larger the voltage difference applied to the two poles of the capacitor is, the stronger the effect generated by the capacitor is. Therefore, if the first capacitor 640 is disposed at a position where the voltage value of a certain order of resonant frequency is zero, the frequency reduction effect will not be generated for the order of resonant frequency. Also, the position of the first capacitor 640 should satisfy: the stronger the voltage value at the location of the first capacitor 640, the greater the degree to which the order resonance shifts to low frequencies.
Based on this rule, when adjusting the frequency of the first resonance, it should be ensured that the frequency of the second resonance is not influenced or is influenced as little as possible. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the position of the first capacitor 640 is located at the second resonance voltage zero point and the position of the first resonance voltage is not zero.
As can be seen by continuing reference to fig. 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, the current zeros D1 and D2 of the first resonance correspond approximately to the current peaks of the second resonance, i.e., the voltage zeros of the second resonance correspond to the current zeros D1 and D2 of the first resonance, and thus, the first capacitor 640 may be provided at one of the two capacitors D1 and D2.
Fig. 6 shows the S-parameter (return loss) curve of the antenna when the first capacitor 640 is set at the position D2. First, it is confirmed that the first resonance of the antenna has a primary frequency of about 1.32GHz by comparing the curve of the first capacitor 640 without the first capacitor 640 and the curve of the first capacitor 640 with the magnitude of 1.5pF, and the frequency of the first resonance shifts to about 1.25GHz toward a low frequency after the capacitor of 1.5pF is applied at the position D2, while the second resonance frequency of the antenna hardly changes, thereby confirming the correctness of the above-mentioned conclusion.
Further, as can be seen from a comparison of the capacitance of 1.5pF and the capacitance of 2.7pF, the original frequency of the first resonance of the antenna is about 1.32GHz, the frequency of the first resonance shifts to about 1.25GHz after the capacitance of 1.5pF is applied at the position D2, and the frequency of the first resonance shifts to about 1.18GHz after the capacitance of 2.7pF is applied at the position D2, while the second resonance of the antenna is also hardly changed. Meanwhile, as can be seen from fig. 6, the S parameters of the antenna are all below-10 dB, so that the antenna has good antenna performance, and completely meets the requirement of the watch on a GPS satellite positioning system.
In combination with the above, when the first capacitor 640 is used to adjust the frequency of the first resonance, the following rule can be satisfied: the first capacitor 640 is arranged near the second resonance voltage zero point, so that the frequency of the first resonance can be independently adjusted without influencing the second resonance; the larger the capacitance value of the first capacitor 640 is, the stronger the effect of shifting the frequency of the first resonance to a low frequency is. The adjustment of the first resonance can of course be carried out by the person skilled in the art on the basis of this rule.
The following continues to explore the effect of the first inductor 630 on the resonant frequency of the antenna.
As can be seen from the foregoing principle, when the first inductor 630 is grounded, the effective electrical length of the slot antenna is increased, so that the multi-order resonant frequency of the antenna is shifted toward a low frequency. On this basis, the design of some dual-frequency slot antennas can be theoretically achieved, but the inventor further researches and discovers that the first inductor 630 can also achieve independent adjustment of the second resonance, so that the dual-frequency GPS antenna of the watch can be achieved, and a hierarchical description is provided below.
First, as can be seen from the foregoing, the first capacitor 640 can be used to independently adjust the first resonance, so that when a partial dual-band slot antenna is designed, the first inductor 630 is applied to ground to adjust the second resonance of the antenna to a target frequency, and then the first capacitor 640 is used to independently adjust the first resonance to the target frequency based on the above rule, thereby implementing the design of the dual-band slot antenna.
However, it is difficult to implement the dual-frequency GPS antenna, for example, when the frequency of the second resonance is adjusted to be about 1.575GHz by the first inductor 630, the frequency of the first resonance may already be lower than 1.176GHz, and the first capacitor 640 functions to shift the first resonance to a low frequency, so that the design of the dual-frequency GPS antenna may not be implemented. Based on this, the inventors further investigated the independent adjustment of the second resonance by the first inductor 630.
Fig. 7 shows the current distribution at the first resonance after the first capacitor 640 is applied at position D2. It can be seen that the current distribution in the slot length direction from the feed terminal 620 to the first capacitor 640 is the same as described above, whereas there is almost little current distribution in the slot length from the first capacitor 640 to the first inductor 630. The inventor finds out through research that the reason is that: the application of the first capacitor 640 turns off the current of the first resonance, so that the current is concentrated in the left gap of the first capacitor 640, and less current passes through the right gap of the first capacitor 640, and the effect of the first capacitor 640 on the current cut-off of the first resonance is stronger as the capacitance value of the first capacitor 640 increases. Also, since the first capacitor 640 is located at the voltage zero point of the second resonance, there is no influence on the current distribution of the second resonance.
On this basis, in the case of changing the first inductor 630, since the first resonance has less current distribution near the first inductor 630, the first inductor 630 has little influence on the frequency change of the first resonance, and the influence of the first inductor 630 on the first resonance is smaller as the capacitance value of the first capacitor 640 increases.
Fig. 8 shows the variation of the first inductance 630 against the S-parameter of the antenna with the first capacitance 640 of 1.5pF applied at the position D2. Comparing the curves without inductance and 3.3nH inductance, it can be seen that the frequency of the second resonance is about 1.9GHz without using the first inductance 630 back to ground, whereas the frequency of the second resonance shifts to a low frequency of about 1.7GHz with the first inductance 630 of 3.3nH, and the frequency of the first resonance hardly changes significantly.
Further, it can be seen from the graphs of the 3.3nH inductance and the 6.8nH inductance that the frequency of the second resonance shifts to a low frequency of about 1.7GHz in the case of the first inductance 630 of 3.3nH, and shifts to a low frequency of about 1.6GHz in the case of the first inductance 630 of 6.8nH, while the frequency of the first resonance also does not significantly change. And as can be seen from fig. 8, the S parameters of the antenna are all below-10 dB, so that the antenna has good antenna performance, and completely meets the requirement of the watch on a GPS satellite positioning system.
In combination with the above, when the first inductor 630 is used to adjust the frequency of the second resonance, the following rule can be satisfied: the first capacitor 640 is arranged near the second resonance voltage zero point, and the frequency of the second resonance can be independently adjusted by using the first inductor 630 to return to the ground without influencing the first resonance; the effect of shifting the frequency of the second resonance to a low frequency is stronger as the inductance value of the first inductor 630 is larger. The adjustment of the second resonance can of course be carried out by the person skilled in the art on the basis of this rule.
Based on all the above, the skilled person can understand the principle of frequency adjustment of the first resonance and the second resonance of the antenna by the first capacitor 640 and the first inductor 630, and the design process of the dual-frequency GPS antenna will be described below with reference to the specific embodiment.
Firstly, a typical slot antenna structure is designed in a space range allowed by a watch, so that the second-order resonant frequency of the slot antenna structure is as close as possible to be more than 1.176GHz, and the third-order resonant frequency of the slot antenna structure is as close as possible to be more than 1.575 GHz. Then, the first capacitor 640 is applied at the voltage zero point of the third-order resonance frequency, and the central operating frequency of the second-order resonance is adjusted to be within the range of about 1.176GHz by adjusting the position and the capacitance value of the first capacitor 640. The first inductor 630 is used for returning to the ground at the antenna return point, and the central working frequency of the third-order resonance is adjusted to be within the range near 1.575GHz by adjusting the inductance value of the first inductor 630, so that the dual-frequency GPS slot antenna is realized.
Fig. 9 shows a graph of the S-parameter of the dual-frequency GPS slot antenna in the present embodiment. As can be seen from fig. 9, the first resonance of the antenna structure of the present embodiment can cover the central operating frequency of the GPS L5 in the range from 1.150GHz to 1.2GHz, and the second resonance can cover the central operating frequency of the GPS L1 in the range from 1.560GHz to 1.620GHz, and it can be seen that the antenna has good return loss. Fig. 10 shows an efficiency curve of the antenna of the present embodiment, and it can be seen that, in two frequency bands of the GPS, the total efficiency of the antenna of the present embodiment is greater than 13%, which can meet the requirement of the wearable device on the performance of the dual-frequency GPS antenna.
As can be seen from the above, the device with the slot antenna according to this embodiment adjusts the two-order resonant frequency of the antenna by using the first capacitor and the first inductor, respectively, so that the requirement of the dual-frequency GPS antenna can be met by using the same antenna structure. Meanwhile, the dual-frequency GPS antenna is realized by utilizing the second-order resonant frequency and the third-order resonant frequency which have the frequency multiplication relationship closer to each other, and the design of the dual-frequency GPS antenna is more facilitated.
In the above embodiment, the structure and the implementation principle of the slot antenna of the present disclosure are described by taking a dual-frequency GPS as an example, and in fact, the slot antenna of the present disclosure is not limited to a dual-frequency antenna, and an antenna design with an operating frequency including more order resonances may also be implemented.
In some embodiments, still taking the smart watch as an example, for the smart watch, it is often necessary to establish a communication connection with the smartphone through bluetooth or WiFi, so the bluetooth/WiFi antenna is an essential antenna for the smart watch. In the embodiment, the central operating frequency of the bluetooth/WiFi antenna is 2.4GHz, which is approximately 2 times of the frequency band of the GPS L5, and the frequency doubling relationship between the third-order resonant frequency and the fourth-order resonant frequency of the slot antenna is 2 times.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the slot antenna of the wristwatch includes a third resonance, which is a fourth-order resonance frequency of the slot antenna, in addition to the first resonance and the second resonance described above. That is, the operating frequencies of the slot antenna include: the GPS L5 band implemented with the first resonance, the GPS L1 band implemented with the second resonance, and the bluetooth/WiFi band implemented with the third resonance. Therefore, for the intelligent watch, the double-frequency GPS and Bluetooth/WiFi antennas can be achieved by using the same slot antenna structure, the Bluetooth/WiFi antennas do not need to be independently arranged, only the original Bluetooth/WiFi radio frequency unit needs to be connected with the double-frequency GPS through the combiner, and the internal stacking design of the watch is simplified. For those skilled in the art, reference is made to the foregoing and related technologies, which are not described in detail herein.
The device disclosed by the invention is used for realizing frequency adjustment of two-order or multi-order resonance through the first capacitor and the first inductor, so that the slot antenna of a dual-frequency GPS, a dual-frequency GPS and Bluetooth/WiFi is realized. Based on the inventive concept, those skilled in the art can understand that the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to implementing the dual-frequency GPS antenna in the above embodiments, but may be any other antenna suitable for implementing dual-frequency or higher.
For example, in some alternative embodiments, the above inventive concepts may also be utilized to implement dual-frequency or multi-frequency slot antennas for GPS and bluetooth multiplexing, GPS and 4G LTE multiplexing, bluetooth and 4G/5G multiplexing, and 4G and 5G multiplexing, and the present disclosure does not limit the type of antenna.
In other alternative embodiments, the structure of the slot antenna of the device of the present disclosure is not limited to that shown in the above embodiments.
For example, in some examples, the disclosed apparatus includes a main board and a first conductor, the first conductor and the main board being in spaced opposing arrangement such that the spacing between the two forms a radiating slot. That is, as shown in fig. 1, the first conductor is the conductive metal middle frame 200, and the gap 610 is formed by the distance between the complete device main board 300 and the middle frame 200. In the embodiment shown in fig. 11, the slot 610 may be formed by the incomplete device main board 300 and the middle frame 200. In the embodiment illustrated in fig. 12, the shape of the smart watch is not limited to a circle, and may be any other shape suitable for implementation, such as a rounded rectangle. The disclosure need not be so limited, and those skilled in the art will no doubt understand and will fully appreciate the foregoing embodiments and any further description of the disclosure is deemed necessary.
For example, in still other examples, the disclosed devices include a second conductor electrically connected to the ground element, the slot opening on the second conductor. Specifically, the second conductor may be an all-metal shell of the watch, the all-metal shell may be a metal material of the conductor for both the middle frame and the bottom case of the watch, and the metal shell may be electrically connected to the ground unit of the device motherboard, so that the shell is equivalent to ground. The radiation slot of the slot antenna is arranged on the shell, for example, the radiation slot is arranged on the middle frame of the watch in a surrounding mode, and the slot antenna structure can be achieved. The principle of the antenna structure in this example is the same as that described above, and it can be understood and fully implemented by those skilled in the art with reference to the foregoing and related technologies, and the detailed description of the present disclosure is omitted.
By the aid of the device, multi-order resonant frequency of the slot antenna is adjusted through the first inductor and the first capacitor, so that the slot antenna comprising a plurality of available frequency bands is realized by the aid of the same antenna structure, and design of the multi-frequency slot antenna is realized.
In the device of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the operating frequency of the slot antenna includes a first resonance and a second resonance, the first resonance is a second-order resonance frequency to implement a GPS L5 radiation frequency band, and the second resonance is a third-order resonance frequency to implement a GPS L1 radiation frequency band. The double-frequency GPS antenna is realized by utilizing the second and third-order frequency multiplication relation to be closer to the resonance frequency of the frequency multiplication of the GPS L1 and the L5, so that the adjustment of the resonance frequency of the antenna is more facilitated, and the design process is simplified.
In the device of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the operating frequency further includes a third resonance, the third resonance is a fourth-order resonance frequency, and the third resonance is used to implement a radiation frequency band of the bluetooth/WiFi antenna. The frequency multiplication relation between the GPS L5 frequency band and the Bluetooth/WiFi frequency band is relatively close to the frequency multiplication relation between the first resonance and the third resonance, so that the Bluetooth/WiFi frequency band is realized by using the third resonance, namely, the double-frequency GPS and Bluetooth/WiFi antennas are simultaneously realized by using the same antenna structure, the additional arrangement of the Bluetooth/WiFi antennas is not needed, and the internal structure of the device is simplified.
In the device of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the operating frequency of the slot antenna includes two-order resonant frequencies, and the first capacitor is located at a position where a voltage value of one-order resonant frequency is zero and a voltage value of the other-order resonant frequency is not zero, so that the first capacitor realizes independent adjustment of the other-order resonant frequency on the basis of not affecting the one-order resonant frequency. And under the effect of first electric capacity, realize the independent regulation to one of them order resonant frequency through the inductance value of first inductance, be favorable to more realizing the design of dual-frenquency antenna.
According to the device of the embodiment, when the device is a mobile terminal, the radiation gap of the slot antenna can be realized by using the main board and the metal middle frame of the terminal and can also be realized by using the gap on the metal shell, so that more design schemes are provided for the design of the terminal antenna of the metal shell.
It should be understood that the above embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the present disclosure may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus having a slot antenna, comprising:
a radiation aperture formed on the device;
one end of the feed terminal crosses the gap and is connected to a feed point of the slot antenna, and the other end of the feed terminal is electrically connected with a radio frequency unit of the device;
one end of the first inductor stretches across the gap to be connected to the grounding point of the slot antenna, and the other end of the first inductor is electrically connected with the grounding unit of the device; and
the first capacitor is arranged in the gap, two electrodes of the first capacitor are respectively connected to two ends of the gap in the width direction, and the first capacitor is located between the feed terminal and the first inductor in the length direction of the gap.
2. The apparatus of claim 1,
the working frequency of the slot antenna comprises at least two-order resonant frequency, and the first capacitor and the first inductor are used for adjusting at least one-order resonant frequency in the working frequency.
3. The apparatus of claim 1,
the operating frequency of the slot antenna comprises a first resonance and a second resonance, wherein,
the first resonance is a second-order resonance frequency of the slot antenna, and the second resonance is a third-order resonance frequency of the slot antenna; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the frequency band of the first resonance comprises an L5 frequency band of a GPS satellite positioning system, and the frequency band of the second resonance comprises an L1 frequency band of the GPS satellite positioning system.
4. The apparatus of claim 3,
the working frequency of the slot antenna further comprises a third resonance, and the frequency band of the third resonance comprises a Bluetooth/WiFi working frequency band.
5. The apparatus of claim 1,
the working frequency of the slot antenna comprises two-order resonant frequency, and in the length direction of the slot, the first capacitor is located at a position where the voltage value of one-order resonant frequency is zero and the voltage value of the other-order resonant frequency is not zero.
6. The apparatus of claim 1,
the slot antenna is a half-wavelength slot antenna.
7. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising:
a main board including the ground unit and the radio frequency unit.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising:
the first conductor is arranged opposite to the mainboard at intervals, so that the gaps are formed between the first conductor and the mainboard at intervals;
or,
and the second conductor is electrically connected with the grounding unit, and the gap is arranged on the second conductor.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the apparatus is a mobile terminal,
in the case where the apparatus comprises a first conductor, the mobile terminal comprises:
the middle frame is electrically conductive and forms the first conductor, the middle frame is arranged on the outer side of the main board in a surrounding mode at intervals, and the gap is formed between the middle frame and the main board at intervals;
in the case where the apparatus comprises a second conductor, the mobile terminal comprises:
the shell is conductive, the shell forms the second conductor, the mainboard is located inside the shell, the ground module of mainboard with shell electric connection, the gap is seted up in on the shell.
10. The apparatus of claim 9,
the mobile terminal includes a wrist-worn device.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011345510.4A CN112490634A (en) | 2020-11-25 | 2020-11-25 | Device with slot antenna |
| PCT/CN2021/122557 WO2022111061A1 (en) | 2020-11-25 | 2021-10-08 | Apparatus having slot antenna |
| US18/316,760 US20230282967A1 (en) | 2020-11-25 | 2023-05-12 | Apparatuses With Slot Antennas |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011345510.4A CN112490634A (en) | 2020-11-25 | 2020-11-25 | Device with slot antenna |
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|---|---|
| CN112490634A true CN112490634A (en) | 2021-03-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011345510.4A Pending CN112490634A (en) | 2020-11-25 | 2020-11-25 | Device with slot antenna |
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| CN (1) | CN112490634A (en) |
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| CN110911819A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-03-24 | 深圳市思讯通信技术有限公司 | 2.4GHz high-frequency annular excitation element antenna |
| WO2021249170A1 (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2021-12-16 | 安徽华米信息科技有限公司 | Multi-frequency slot antenna, terminal device and antenna resonance frequency adjustment method |
| WO2022111061A1 (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2022-06-02 | 安徽华米信息科技有限公司 | Apparatus having slot antenna |
| CN114846696A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-08-02 | 安徽华米信息科技有限公司 | Electronic device |
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| CN108400427A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-08-14 | 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 | Antenna system |
| CN111613893A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-01 | 安徽华米信息科技有限公司 | Multi-frequency slot antenna, terminal equipment and antenna design method |
| CN213425185U (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-06-11 | 安徽华米信息科技有限公司 | Device with slot antenna |
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| CN104701618A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-06-10 | 苹果公司 | Electronic device with hybrid inverted-f slot antenna |
| WO2017181376A1 (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2017-10-26 | 华为技术有限公司 | Slot antenna and terminal device |
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