CN112490529B - Cooling pipe, cooling system, battery package and car - Google Patents

Cooling pipe, cooling system, battery package and car Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112490529B
CN112490529B CN202011268652.5A CN202011268652A CN112490529B CN 112490529 B CN112490529 B CN 112490529B CN 202011268652 A CN202011268652 A CN 202011268652A CN 112490529 B CN112490529 B CN 112490529B
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China
Prior art keywords
cooling
pipe
compartment
liquid
battery module
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CN202011268652.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112490529A (en
Inventor
梁其军
郭盛昌
魏立群
肖人漳
何建
夏循钊
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Chongqing Jinkang Power New Energy Co Ltd
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Chongqing Jinkang Power New Energy Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the battery package, concretely relates to battery package, battery package includes: the battery module comprises at least two layers from top to bottom, and each layer of battery module is provided with an explosion-proof valve; the cooling system includes a cooling tube; the cooling pipe is arranged between the battery modules which are adjacent up and down; the cooling pipe is internally circulated with cooling liquid and used for cooling the battery module which is positioned above the cooling pipe and is arranged opposite to the cooling pipe; the cooling pipe is arranged opposite to the explosion-proof valve below, and at least the part of the cooling pipe, which is right opposite to the explosion-proof valve, is heated to form an opening. By adopting the technical scheme, the cooling pipe heated to form the opening is arranged between the upper-layer battery module and the lower-layer battery module, so that the thermal runaway phenomenon of the lower-layer battery module can be effectively coped while the upper-layer battery module can be cooled, the thermal runaway phenomenon of the lower-layer battery module is prevented from diffusing to the upper-layer battery module, and the safety of the battery pack is good.

Description

Cooling pipe, cooling system, battery package and car
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of battery packs, in particular to a cooling pipe, a cooling system, a battery pack and an automobile.
Background
Automobile manufacturers have designed upper and lower double-layer battery modules for fully excavating the available space of the whole automobile. To the battery package of double-deck battery module, because lower floor's battery module can laminate in the bottom half, lower floor's battery module can directly take place the heat exchange with the bottom half, gives off the heat to the battery package outside. However, the battery module that is located the upper strata does not with box direct contact, can't in time transmit the heat to the battery package outside, leads to the heat gathering easily, takes place thermal runaway.
To above-mentioned problem, correspond every layer of battery module of cooling through setting up multilayer cooling channel among the prior art to guarantee the cooling effect of battery module.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a battery pack forms open-ended cooling tube through setting up being heated between upper battery module and lower floor's battery module, when can cool off upper battery module, effectively deals with the thermal runaway phenomenon of lower floor's battery module, avoids the thermal runaway phenomenon of lower floor's battery module to spread upper battery module, and battery pack's security is good.
The scheme of the disclosure is as follows:
a battery pack, comprising: the system comprises at least two layers of battery modules, wherein the battery modules are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and each layer of battery module is provided with an explosion-proof valve; and a cooling system;
the cooling system includes a cooling tube; the cooling pipe is arranged between the battery modules which are adjacent up and down; the cooling pipe is internally circulated with cooling liquid and used for cooling the battery module which is positioned above the cooling pipe and is arranged opposite to the cooling pipe;
the cooling pipe is arranged opposite to the explosion-proof valve below, and at least the part of the cooling pipe, which is opposite to the explosion-proof valve, is heated to form an opening.
In some embodiments, the cooling pipe includes a first compartment and a second compartment, the first compartment has a first liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet at two ends thereof, respectively, and the first liquid inlet is communicated with the first liquid outlet for circulating cooling liquid; the first end of the second compartment is provided with a second liquid inlet, the second end of the second compartment is provided with a second liquid outlet, and the first liquid outlet is provided with a plug to limit the cooling liquid to flow out of the second compartment.
In some embodiments, the first compartment and the second compartment are juxtaposed in a horizontal direction; the first compartment is located in the middle of the cooling tube; the second compartment is located on either side of the cooling tubes.
In some embodiments, the top of the cooling tube is provided with an insulating structure covering the second compartment.
In some embodiments, the top of the cooling tube is provided with a thermally conductive structure that covers the first compartment.
In some embodiments, the first compartment and the second compartment are distributed vertically above one another; the first compartment is located in an upper portion of the cooling tubes; the second compartment is located in a lower portion of the cooling tubes.
In some embodiments, the cooling system further comprises a heat pipe; the radiating pipe is attached to a box body containing the battery module.
In some embodiments, the surface of the heat dissipation pipe attached to the box body is provided with heat dissipation fins.
In some embodiments, the cooling system further comprises a shower heated to form an opening; the spray pipe is arranged opposite to the explosion-proof valve of the battery module on the uppermost layer, and one end of the spray pipe is communicated to the upstream of the cooling pipe; the other end is blocked.
In some embodiments, the cooling system further comprises a power plant and a solenoid valve; the power device is arranged at the upstream of the cooling pipe and provides power for the circulation of the cooling liquid; the electromagnetic valve is arranged at the downstream of the cooling pipe and used for blocking the circulating flow of the cooling liquid.
In some embodiments, the cooling system further comprises a flow meter disposed upstream of the shower.
In some embodiments, the cooling system further comprises a first header disposed upstream of the cooling tubes and a second header disposed downstream of the cooling tubes; the first collecting pipe and the second collecting pipe are connected through a plurality of cooling pipes which are arranged in parallel.
In some embodiments, the plurality of spray pipes are arranged in parallel, and one end of each of the plurality of spray pipes is connected to the third collecting pipe; the third collecting pipe is connected with the first collecting pipe.
In some embodiments, the cooling system further comprises a water tank storing a cooling liquid; the first collecting pipe is connected to a water outlet of the water tank through the radiating pipe and the liquid supply pipe in sequence; the second collecting pipe is connected to a return port of the water tank through a return pipe; one end of the spray pipe is communicated to the first collecting pipe; the power device and the flow rate meter are arranged on the liquid supply pipe; the electromagnetic valve is arranged on the return pipe.
In some embodiments, the battery pack includes an upper battery module and a lower battery module; a first liquid collecting groove is formed at the bottom of the upper battery module; and a second liquid collecting groove is formed at the bottom of the lower battery module.
In some embodiments, the first catch basin comprises a partition plate arranged below the cooling pipe and a side wall arranged at the edge of the partition plate; the partition plate is provided with a through hole corresponding to the cooling pipe; the through hole is plugged by a fusible material; the bottom of the second liquid collecting tank is formed by the bottom of the part of the box body; the bottom of the box body is provided with a baffle, and part of the side wall of the box body and the baffle form the side wall of the second liquid collecting tank.
In some embodiments, the first header and/or the second header and/or the third header comprise a first cavity and a second cavity; two ends of the first cavity are communicated and used for liquid circulation; and two ends of the second cavity are sealed through the throttling pieces.
A cooling pipe for a battery pack comprises a first compartment and a second compartment, wherein a first liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the first compartment, and the first liquid inlet is communicated with the first liquid outlet and used for liquid circulation; the first end of the second compartment is provided with a second liquid inlet, the second end of the second compartment is provided with a second liquid outlet, and a plug is arranged at the second liquid outlet to limit the cooling liquid to flow out of the second compartment.
In some embodiments, the first compartment and the second compartment are juxtaposed in a horizontal direction; the first compartment is located in the middle of the cooling tube; the second compartment is located on either side of the cooling tube.
In some embodiments, the first compartment and the second compartment are distributed vertically above one another; the first compartment is located in an upper portion of the cooling tube; the second compartment is located in a lower portion of the cooling tubes.
A cooling system of a battery pack includes a cooling circuit in which a cooling liquid circulates; the cooling loop comprises a cooling pipe and a radiating pipe; the cooling pipe is attached to the bottom of the upper-layer battery module; the radiating pipe is attached to the bottom of the box body for accommodating the battery module.
In some embodiments, the cooling circuit further comprises a first header disposed upstream of the cooling tubes and a second header disposed downstream of the cooling tubes; the first collecting pipe and the second collecting pipe are connected through a plurality of parallel cooling pipes.
In some embodiments, the cooling system further comprises a water tank storing the cooling liquid; the water tank is sequentially connected with the radiating pipe and the first collecting pipe through a liquid supply pipe; the second collecting pipe is connected to the water tank through a return pipe.
In some embodiments, the cooling pipe is disposed opposite to the explosion-proof valve of the lower battery module; and at least the part of the cooling pipe, which is opposite to the explosion-proof valve, is heated to form an opening.
In some embodiments, the cooling system further comprises a shower; the spray pipe is arranged opposite to the explosion-proof valve of the upper-layer battery module; the spray pipe at least faces the explosion-proof valve part and is heated to form an opening.
An automobile comprises the battery pack.
Compared with the prior art, the scheme has the advantages that: through set up the cooling tube between upper battery module and lower floor's battery module, carry out cooling to upper battery module, the security of battery package is good. And, when the thermal runaway takes place for lower floor's battery module, the cooling tube is heated and is formed the opening, and the coolant liquid sprays through the opening and puts out a fire to thermal runaway's battery module. The thermal runaway phenomenon of the lower-layer battery module is prevented from diffusing to the upper-layer battery module, and the safety performance of the battery pack is further improved.
At least two longitudinal compartments are formed in the cooling pipe, and part of the compartments are blocked by a plug at the water outlet end of the cooling pipe, so that the cooling liquid is prevented from flowing, and the cooling liquid is retained in the blocked compartments. Guarantee that the cooling tube can form the opening in the thermal runaway environment, supply the coolant liquid to spray and put out a fire, effectively handle the thermal runaway of battery package.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view after the battery module is detached;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cooling system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the first and second sumps;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a cooling pipe according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion A;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of compartments in the second embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a plugging bay according to a second embodiment;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the first header;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a battery module.
In the figure, a battery module 1, an upper layer battery module 2, a lower layer battery module 3, a box body 4, a water tank 5, a water pump 6, a cooling pipe 7, a first compartment 71, a second compartment 72, a first collecting pipe 8, a first cavity 81, a second collecting pipe 9, a radiating pipe 10, a shower pipe 11, a third collecting pipe 12, a heat insulating pad 13, a heat conducting pad 14, a throttle sheet 15, an electromagnetic valve 16, heat insulating cotton 17, a first collecting groove 18, a side wall 181, a partition plate 182, a second collecting groove 19, a baffle 191, a bracket 192, a liquid supply pipe 20, a return pipe 21, a flow rate meter 22 and a plug 23.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by the specific embodiments:
example one
Although the prior art can solve the cooling problem of the multi-layered battery module. However, the cooling system in the prior art cannot cope with the thermal runaway phenomenon, particularly when the thermal runaway phenomenon occurs in the lower battery module, the flame burns upwards, the thermal runaway phenomenon of the lower battery module easily spreads to the upper battery module, and the safety performance of the battery pack is poor. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a new battery pack in response to the above problems.
As shown in fig. 1, a battery pack for an automobile includes an upper layer battery module 2, a lower layer battery module 3, and a cooling system for cooling down the upper and lower layer battery modules.
In this embodiment, the upper layer battery module 2 and the lower layer battery module 3 each include a plurality of battery modules 1. The upper layer battery module 2 and the lower layer battery module 3 are both installed in the box body 4. The lower battery module 3 is attached to the bottom of the box body 4 through the heat conducting sheet.
The cooling system comprises a water tank 5 for storing cooling liquid, and a water outlet is formed in the lowest position of the water tank 5, so that the cooling liquid in the water tank 5 can flow out completely. The upper part of the water tank 5 is provided with a reflux opening for the cooling liquid to flow back to the water tank 5. The coolant, in some embodiments 50% ethylene glycol, is fluid and has high thermal conductivity. The cooling system comprises a power device, and the power device selects a water pump 6 to improve power for the flowing of cooling liquid.
As shown in fig. 2, the cooling system further includes a first header 8, a second header 9, and a plurality of parallel cooling tubes 7; the cooling pipe 7 is provided between the upper layer battery module 2 and the lower layer battery module 3. The top of each cooling pipe 7 is used for cooling each row/column of battery modules 1 of the upper battery module 2; the bottom of each cooling tube 7 corresponds to the explosion-proof valve of each row/column of battery modules 1 of the lower-layer battery module 3, and the cooling tube 7 is easily opened after at least the part facing the explosion-proof valve is heated. In this embodiment, the opening formed by heating means that when thermal runaway occurs, flame burns the cooling pipe 7, so that the cooling pipe 7 is easily burnt through to form an opening for spraying cooling liquid. The water inlet ends of the cooling pipes 7 are connected to the first collecting pipe 8, and the first collecting pipe 8 divides the cooling liquid into the cooling pipes 7; the water outlet ends of the cooling pipes 7 are connected to the second collecting pipe 9, and the second collecting pipe 9 collects the cooling liquid and sends the cooling liquid to the water tank 5 through the return pipe 21.
Alternatively, the cooling pipe 7 may be a serpentine bent pipe, and due to the defects of low structural strength, large flow resistance, slow response speed, etc., the manner of the plurality of cooling pipes 7 is preferably used in this embodiment.
Through setting up cooling tube 7 between upper battery module 2 and lower floor's battery module 3, utilize cooling tube 7 to cool off upper battery module 2, the heat that upper battery module 2 produced distributes through cooling tube 7, avoids taking place the thermal runaway because of upper battery module 2's heat gathering, improves the security of battery package. When the battery module 1 of the lower battery module 3 is out of control due to heat, the explosion-proof valve on the battery module 1 is opened, flame is sprayed upwards, and the cooling pipe 7 corresponding to the battery module 1 can be captured. Because the part of the cooling pipe 7 corresponding to the explosion-proof valve is heated to form an opening easily, the cooling pipe 7 is easily burnt through by flame, and the cooling liquid can spray and extinguish the fire for the battery module 1 out of control due to heat at the opening. The cooling tube 7 in this embodiment not only can dispel the heat to upper battery module 2 and cool off, can also effectively deal with the thermal runaway phenomenon of lower floor's battery module 3, avoids the thermal runaway of lower floor's battery module 3 to spread upper battery module 2, has further improved the security performance of battery package. And the cooling pipe 7 in the embodiment sprays and extinguishes the battery module 1 by using the cooling liquid, an additional spraying system is not required to be added, the structure is compact, the adjustment of the whole vehicle is not required, the development cost of the whole vehicle can be reduced, and the production cost is low.
In order to reduce the installation space of the cooling pipe 7 and facilitate the flame to catch the cooling pipe 7, the cooling pipe 7 in this embodiment is preferably a flat pipe. The material of the cooling pipe 7 is preferably aluminum, so that the cooling pipe 7 has good thermal conductivity and the cooling effect of the upper battery module 2 is ensured; in addition, the aluminum cooling pipe 7 has a low melting point and is likely to be opened by heat in a thermal runaway environment.
In the above scheme, because the flowing cooling liquid exists in the cooling pipe 7, heat can be taken away in the flowing process of the cooling liquid, so that the flame cannot burn through the cooling pipe 7 quickly, and even more, the flame cannot burn through the cooling pipe 7. As shown in fig. 5, the cooling pipe 7 in this embodiment includes a first compartment 71 and a second compartment 72, a first liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet are respectively provided at two ends of the first compartment 71, and the first liquid inlet and the first liquid outlet are communicated for liquid circulation; a second liquid inlet is provided at a first end of the second compartment 72, a second liquid outlet is provided at a second end of the second compartment 72, and a stopper 23 is provided at the second liquid outlet to restrict liquid flow out of the second compartment 72. The coolant is retained within the second compartment 72 to prevent the coolant from flowing in the second compartment 72. When the cooling pipe 7 is burned by flame, the cooling pipe 7 can quickly form an opening for cooling liquid to spray and extinguish fire, and the thermal runaway of the battery module 1 can be timely and effectively coped with.
As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the cooling pipe 7 includes a first compartment 71 and a second compartment 72 that are distributed side by side in a horizontal direction, the second compartment 72 is located in the middle, the first compartment is distributed on two sides of the second compartment, a second liquid outlet of the second compartment is blocked by a plug, so that the second compartment 72 forms a blind hole-shaped structure, and the first compartments 71 on two sides are through hole-shaped structures. The first compartment and the second compartment in this embodiment may be a single body, or may be composed of a plurality of bodies, and the plurality of bodies disposed in the first compartment 71 and the second compartment 72 may disperse and guide the flow of the cooling liquid, thereby improving the cooling and fire extinguishing effects.
A portion of the cooling liquid flows from the first liquid inlet of the first compartment 71 into the cooling pipe 7 and flows from the first second liquid outlet of the first compartment 71 out of the cooling pipe 7; another part of the cooling liquid flows from the second liquid inlet of the second compartment 72 into the cooling tubes and is retained in the second compartment 72. The heat can be taken away to the coolant liquid that flows, and the radiating rate is fast, can guarantee upper battery module 2's cooling effect. The cooling liquid that is detained avoids the radiating rate too fast, guarantees that cooling tube 7 forms the opening fast when the ignition of flame. Also, the second compartment 72 is located in the middle of the cooling pipe 7, and the flame can quickly catch in the second compartment 72, contributing to the quick formation of the opening in the cooling pipe 7.
In some embodiments, the first compartment 71 is located in the middle of the cooling tubes and the second compartment 72 is located on either side of the first compartment 71. In some embodiments, the first compartment 71 is spaced apart from the second compartment 72. In some embodiments, the first compartment 71 is located on one side of the cooling tubes 7 and the second compartment 72 is located on the other side of the cooling tubes 7.
When the thermal runaway is serious, the generated flame is large, and after the flame burns through the bottom of the second compartment 72, the flame also easily burns through the top of the second compartment 72, so that the thermal runaway phenomenon of the lower battery module 3 is prevented from affecting the upper battery module 2. As shown in fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the heat insulation structure is provided on the top of the cooling pipe 7, and the heat insulation structure covers the second compartment 72, thereby performing a fire-proof and heat-insulating function and preventing the thermal runaway phenomenon from spreading to the upper battery module 2. In the present embodiment, the heat insulating structure is the heat insulating mat 13, and a conventional method such as spraying heat insulating glue may be selected for heat insulation.
In this embodiment, the top of the cooling pipe 7 is further provided with a heat conduction structure, the heat conduction structure covers the first compartment 71, and the heat conduction structure can sufficiently transfer the heat generated by the upper battery module 2 to the cooling pipe 7, so that the flowing cooling liquid can sufficiently cool the upper battery module 2, and the cooling effect of the upper battery module 2 is further ensured. The heat conducting structure in this embodiment is a heat conducting pad 14, and the heat can be conducted by selecting the existing methods such as spraying heat conducting glue.
As shown in fig. 3, since the lower battery module 3 directly radiates heat through the bottom of the case 4, the temperature of the case 4 can affect the heat radiation speed of the lower battery module 3. To ensure that the box 4 can dissipate heat quickly, the cooling system of the present embodiment further includes a heat dissipating pipe 10 attached to the box 4. The radiating pipe 10 has a rectangular cross section, the bottom of the radiating pipe 10 is attached to the bottom of the box 4, and a sidewall of the radiating pipe 10 is attached to the inner sidewall of the box 4. The radiating pipe 10 is attached to the surface of the box body 4, and radiating fins extend from the surface of the box body 4, so that the contact area between the radiating pipe 10 and the box body 4 is increased through the radiating fins, and the radiating effect of the box body 4 is enhanced. One end of the radiating pipe 10 is connected to the first header 8, and the other end is connected to a water outlet of the water tank 5 through a water supply pipe 20.
For effectively coping with the thermal runaway phenomenon of the upper battery module 2, the top of the upper battery module 2 is provided with an explosion-proof valve of which the spray pipe 11 corresponds to the upper module, and the spray pipe 11 at least faces to the part of the explosion-proof valve and is heated to form an opening. In this embodiment, the plurality of spray pipes 11 are provided, and one ends of the plurality of spray pipes 11 are connected to the third collecting pipe 12 in parallel, so that the cooling liquid flows in; the other end of the shower pipe 11 is plugged. The third header 12 is linked to the first header 8.
Alternatively, the shower pipes 11 may also be serpentine pipes, and due to the defects of low structural strength, large flow resistance, and slow response speed of the serpentine pipes, the foregoing manner of the shower pipes 11 is preferably used in this embodiment.
The first collecting pipe 8, the second collecting pipe 9 and the third collecting pipe 12 are all provided with pipe joints, and in order to meet the installation requirements of the pipe joints, the three collecting pipes all have larger pipe diameters. Because the flow of three kinds of pressure manifold all is greater than the demand of cooling tube 7 and shower 11, partial coolant liquid can be detained in the pressure manifold, leads to the heavy burden of pressure manifold great, and the pressure manifold needs to have sufficient structural strength can satisfy the bearing requirement. In order to reduce the load of the collecting pipes and reduce the requirement for the structural strength of the collecting pipes, as shown in fig. 9, the first collecting pipe 8, the second collecting pipe 9, and the third collecting pipe 12 in this embodiment are all provided with reinforcing ribs, and the reinforcing ribs divide the corresponding collecting pipes into a first cavity 81 and a second cavity. Two ends of the first cavity 81 are communicated and used for circulating cooling liquid; both ends of the second cavity are sealed through the throttle sheet 15, so that the second cavity forms a dead cavity, and cooling liquid is prevented from flowing in. In this embodiment, only one reinforcing rib is arranged inside each of the three collecting pipes, so that the cross section of each collecting pipe is in a shape like a Chinese character ri, the second cavity is blocked by the throttling sheet 15, the cooling liquid is prevented from entering the second cavity, the cooling liquid is prevented from being retained in the second cavity, and the load of the collecting pipes is reduced.
As shown in fig. 10, in this embodiment, the thermal insulation cotton 17 is wrapped on both sides of the battery module 1, the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation cotton 17 is small, which can prevent the thermal runaway phenomenon from diffusing, and the thermal insulation cotton 17 also has water absorption property, which can absorb the sprayed coolant, and can reduce the temperature and prevent fire. And, thermal-insulated cotton 17's heat preservation effect is good, makes the battery package adapt to low temperature environment.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, in order to avoid the spraying liquid to run off rapidly, the first liquid collecting tank 18 is formed at the bottom of the upper layer battery module 2, the second liquid collecting tank 19 is formed at the bottom of the lower layer battery module 3, and the first liquid collecting tank 18 and the second liquid collecting tank 19 are used for intercepting the spraying liquid, so that the lower parts of the upper layer battery module 2 and the lower layer battery module 3 can be soaked in the spraying liquid, the utilization rate of the cooling liquid is improved, and the cooling effect is ensured.
As shown in fig. 4, the first catch basin 18 includes a partition plate 182 disposed below the cooling tubes 7 and side walls 181 disposed at the edges of the partition plate 182; the partition plate 182 is provided with a through hole corresponding to the cooling pipe 7 to avoid the cooling pipe 7, and the through hole is blocked by a fusible material. The first catch basin 18 rests against the bottom of the tank 4 by means of a bracket 192. In this embodiment, the through-holes are preferably plugged with aluminum foil tape to facilitate flame-burning through the cooling tubes 7. The second liquid collecting tank 19 is composed of the bottom of the box body 4 and a baffle 191 arranged at the bottom of the box body 4, part of the bottom surface of the box body 4 forms the bottom surface of the second liquid collecting tank 19, and part of the side wall of the box body 4 and the baffle 191 enclose the side wall of the second liquid collecting tank 19, so that the structure is simple.
If the opening formed by the cooling pipe 7 and/or the spray pipe 11 is small, the flow resistance at the opening is large, and part of the cooling liquid can flow back to the water tank 5 through the return pipe 21, so that the fire extinguishing effect is poor. In this embodiment, the electromagnetic valve 16 is installed on the return pipe 21, and the water pump 6 is installed on the supply pipe 20. The solenoid valve and the water pump are electrically connected with the BMS control system. To accurately control the flow rate, the cooling system in this embodiment further includes a flow meter 22. The flow rate meter 22 is installed on the liquid supply tube 20 and electrically connected to the BMS control system.
When the battery pack normally works, the solenoid valve 16 is normally opened, and the cooling fluid in the water tank 5 flows into the first collecting main 8 through the fluid supply pipe 20 and the radiating pipe 10 in sequence. A part of the cooling liquid in the first collecting pipe 8 sequentially passes through the cooling pipe 7, the second collecting pipe 9 and the return pipe 21 and then flows back to the water tank 5; the other part of the cooling liquid flows into the shower pipe 11 through the third header 12. BMS control system adjusts the flow of coolant liquid through the power of control water pump 6, satisfies the cooling demand of not equidimension, and the cooling effect is good.
When thermal runaway appears in the battery pack, the solenoid valve 16 is controlled to be closed through the BMS control system, the solenoid valve 16 is used for cutting off the connection between the return pipe 21 and the water tank 5, so that the cooling liquid in the water tank 5 can be completely pumped to the opening, the thermal runaway battery module 1 is sprayed and extinguished, and the fire extinguishing effect is good. And when the solenoid valve 16 is closed, the water tank 5 is continuously supplied with the cooling liquid, so that the pressure in the cooling pipe 7 and the shower pipe 11 is gradually increased. The cooling pipe 7 and the spray pipe 11 can only release pressure through the opening, and can spray cooling liquid with increased pressure intensity from the opening, thereby being beneficial to enhancing the fire extinguishing effect.
When spraying and putting out a fire, BMS control system can detect the velocity of flow of coolant liquid through flow rate regulation meter 22, and when the velocity of flow was too big, BMS control system sent the instruction and reduced water pump 6's power, reduced the velocity of flow of coolant liquid. When the velocity of flow is too little, BMS control system sends the instruction and improves the power of water pump 6, promotes the velocity of flow of coolant liquid, realizes accurate control. The phenomenon of thermal runaway is effectively solved by avoiding the over-fast consumption or insufficient supply of the cooling liquid.
In some embodiments, the flow rate of the cooling liquid can also be controlled by setting calibration in advance in the BMS control system and then by controlling the start time of the water pump.
Example two
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the difference from the first embodiment is that the cooling pipe in this embodiment includes a first compartment 71 and a second compartment 72 layered up and down, and the second liquid outlet of the second compartment 72 is blocked by the plug 23. When the thermal runaway of the battery module 1 occurs, the explosion-proof valve on the battery module 1 is opened, and the flame is sprayed upwards. The flames can quickly catch the second compartment 72 located in the lower layer, burning through the bottom of the second compartment 72, and opening the cooling pipe 7. The coolant retained in the second compartment 72 sprinkles the thermally runaway battery module 1 to extinguish the fire.
The second compartment 72 in this embodiment is of greater area and is more easily captured by the flame than the cooling tubes 7 in the first embodiment, further improving the effectiveness of the spray.
The cooling pipe 7 in this embodiment has upper and lower two-layer compartments, and the heat insulation effect between the upper layer battery module 2 and the lower layer battery module 3 is good, and mutual influence is not easily caused. Further, since the flame generated in the lower battery module 3 is less likely to burn through the cooling pipe 7 having two compartments, the heat insulating structure in the first embodiment can be omitted from the cooling pipe 7 in this embodiment.
The disclosure is not limited solely to that described in the specification and the embodiments, and thus additional advantages and modifications may readily occur to those skilled in the art, and it is not intended to be limited to the specific details, representative apparatus, and illustrative examples shown and described herein, without departing from the spirit and scope of the general concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (24)

1. A battery pack, comprising: the battery module group structure comprises at least two layers of battery modules, wherein the battery modules are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and each layer of battery module group is provided with an explosion-proof valve; and a cooling system;
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the cooling system includes a cooling tube; the cooling pipe is arranged between the battery modules which are adjacent up and down; the cooling pipe is internally circulated with cooling liquid and used for cooling the battery module which is positioned above the cooling pipe and is arranged opposite to the cooling pipe;
the cooling pipe is arranged opposite to the explosion-proof valve below the cooling pipe, and at least the part of the cooling pipe, which is opposite to the explosion-proof valve, is heated to form an opening;
the cooling pipe comprises a first compartment and a second compartment, a first liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the first compartment, and the first liquid inlet is communicated with the first liquid outlet and used for circulating cooling liquid; a second liquid inlet is formed in the first end of the second compartment, a second liquid outlet is formed in the second end of the second compartment, and a plug is arranged at the second liquid outlet to limit the cooling liquid to flow out of the second compartment;
the cooling duct is provided with an insulating structure covering the top of the second compartment.
2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: the first compartment and the second compartment are distributed in parallel along the horizontal direction; the first compartment is located in the middle of the cooling tube; the second compartment is located on either side of the cooling tube.
3. The battery pack according to claim 2, wherein: and a heat conduction structure is arranged at the top of the cooling pipe and covers the first compartment.
4. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: the method is characterized in that: the first compartment and the second compartment are distributed up and down along the vertical direction; the first compartment is located in an upper portion of the cooling tube; the second compartment is located in a lower portion of the cooling tubes.
5. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the cooling system also comprises a radiating pipe; the radiating pipe is attached to a box body containing the battery module.
6. The battery pack according to claim 5, wherein: the surface of the radiating pipe and the box body are provided with radiating fins.
7. The battery pack according to claim 6, wherein: the cooling system also comprises a spray pipe which is heated to form an opening; the spray pipe is arranged opposite to the explosion-proof valve of the battery module on the uppermost layer, and one end of the spray pipe is communicated to the upstream of the cooling pipe; the other end is blocked.
8. The battery pack according to claim 7, wherein: the cooling system also comprises a power device and an electromagnetic valve; the power device is arranged at the upstream of the cooling pipe and provides power for the circulation of the cooling liquid; the electromagnetic valve is arranged at the downstream of the cooling pipe and used for blocking the circulating flow of the cooling liquid.
9. The battery pack according to claim 8, wherein: the cooling system further comprises a flow meter disposed upstream of the shower.
10. The battery pack according to claim 9, wherein: the cooling system also comprises a first collecting pipe arranged at the upstream of the cooling pipe and a second collecting pipe arranged at the downstream of the cooling pipe; the first collecting pipe and the second collecting pipe are connected through a plurality of parallel cooling pipes.
11. The battery pack according to claim 10, wherein: the spray pipes are arranged in parallel
One end of each of the plurality of spraying pipes is connected to the third collecting pipe; the third collecting pipe is connected with the first collecting pipe.
12. The battery pack according to claim 11, wherein: the cooling system further comprises a water tank for storing cooling liquid; the first collecting pipe is connected to a water outlet of the water tank through the radiating pipe and the liquid supply pipe in sequence; the second collecting pipe is connected to a return port of the water tank through a return pipe; one end of the spray pipe is communicated to the first collecting pipe; the power device and the flow rate meter are arranged on the liquid supply pipe; the electromagnetic valve is arranged on the return pipe.
13. The battery pack according to claim 7, wherein: the battery pack comprises an upper layer battery module and a lower layer battery module; a first liquid collecting groove is formed at the bottom of the upper battery module; and a second liquid collecting groove is formed at the bottom of the lower battery module.
14. The battery pack according to claim 13, wherein: the first liquid collecting tank comprises a partition plate arranged below the cooling pipe and a side wall arranged at the edge of the partition plate; the partition plate is provided with a through hole corresponding to the cooling pipe; the through hole is plugged by a fusible material; the bottom of the second liquid collecting tank is formed by the bottom of the part of the box body; the bottom of the box body is provided with a baffle, and part of the side wall of the box body and the baffle form the side wall of the second liquid collecting tank.
15. The battery pack according to claim 11, wherein: the first collecting pipe and/or the second collecting pipe and/or the third collecting pipe comprise a first cavity and a second cavity; two ends of the first cavity are communicated and used for circulating cooling liquid; and two ends of the second cavity are sealed by the throttle sheet.
16. A cooling pipe for a battery pack comprises a water inlet end and a water outlet end, and is characterized in that the cooling pipe comprises a first compartment and a second compartment, a first liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the first compartment, and the first liquid inlet is communicated with the first liquid outlet and used for liquid circulation; a second liquid inlet is formed in the first end of the second compartment, a second liquid outlet is formed in the second end of the second compartment, and a plug is arranged at the second liquid outlet to limit the cooling liquid to flow out of the second compartment; the cooling duct is provided with an insulating structure covering the top of the second compartment.
17. The cooling tube for a battery pack according to claim 16, wherein: the first compartment and the second compartment are distributed in parallel along the horizontal direction; the first compartment is located in the middle of the cooling tube; the second compartment is located on either side of the cooling tube.
18. The battery pack cooling tube of claim 16, wherein the first compartment and the second compartment are vertically spaced one above the other; the first compartment is located in an upper portion of the cooling tube; the second compartment is located in a lower portion of the cooling tubes.
19. A cooling system of a battery pack is characterized by comprising a cooling loop for circulating and flowing cooling liquid; the cooling loop comprises a cooling pipe and a radiating pipe; the cooling pipe is attached to the bottom of the upper-layer battery module; the radiating pipe is attached to the bottom of the box body for accommodating the battery module;
the cooling pipe comprises a first compartment and a second compartment, a first liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the first compartment, and the first liquid inlet is communicated with the first liquid outlet and used for circulating cooling liquid; a second liquid inlet is formed in the first end of the second compartment, a second liquid outlet is formed in the second end of the second compartment, and a plug is arranged at the second liquid outlet to limit the cooling liquid to flow out of the second compartment;
the cooling duct is provided with an insulating structure covering the top of the second compartment.
20. The battery pack cooling system according to claim 19, wherein the cooling circuit further includes a first header pipe provided upstream of the cooling pipe and a second header pipe provided downstream of the cooling pipe; the first collecting pipe and the second collecting pipe are connected through a plurality of parallel cooling pipes.
21. The cooling system of a battery pack according to claim 20, further comprising a water tank that stores the cooling liquid; the water tank is sequentially connected with the radiating pipe and the first collecting pipe through a liquid supply pipe; the second collecting pipe is connected to the water tank through a return pipe.
22. The cooling system of a battery pack according to claim 21, wherein: the cooling pipe is arranged opposite to the explosion-proof valve of the lower-layer battery module; and at least the part of the cooling pipe, which is opposite to the explosion-proof valve, is heated to form an opening.
23. The cooling system of a battery pack according to claim 22, wherein: the cooling system further comprises a spray pipe; the spray pipe is arranged opposite to the explosion-proof valve of the upper-layer battery module; the spray pipe at least faces the explosion-proof valve part and is heated to form an opening.
24. An automobile comprising the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 15.
CN202011268652.5A 2020-11-13 2020-11-13 Cooling pipe, cooling system, battery package and car Active CN112490529B (en)

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CN116387676A (en) * 2023-02-21 2023-07-04 安徽明德源能科技有限责任公司 Battery pack

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