CN112489789A - Hierarchical management system and method for cardiovascular disease risk assessment - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a hierarchical management system and a hierarchical management method for cardiovascular disease risk assessment, which relate to the field of disease risk assessment and comprise the following steps: an acquisition module for acquiring at least one item of data of potential cardiovascular disease for each individual in a population; the evaluation module is connected with the acquisition module and used for scoring each individual in the crowd according to the data items according to at least one item of data, and mapping the score with a preset risk threshold value to obtain a risk level corresponding to each item of data; the processing module is connected with the evaluation module and used for dividing each individual according to a preset hierarchical setting according to the danger level of each item of data of each individual; and the execution module is used for providing the treatment scheme corresponding to the hierarchy for the individual in each hierarchy. The invention realizes accurate evaluation of the risk level of the cardiovascular disease of the patient according to the input risk factor data and carotid artery ultrasonic examination data, and divides the patient into different levels to realize risk stratification of the cardiovascular disease.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of disease risk assessment, in particular to a hierarchical management system and a hierarchical management method for cardiovascular disease risk assessment.
Background
The occurrence of cardiovascular diseases is the result of the combined action of multiple risk factors, and since the end of the 20 th century, various international guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment have emphasized the importance of overall risk assessment and risk level treatment strategies in the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of disease burden in China, the prevalence rates of hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes and the like are continuously increased, bad life styles are continuously popular, and the prevention and management forms of cardiovascular diseases in China are more severe. Therefore, cardiovascular disease risk assessment and risk stratification are important bases for enhancing the primary prevention and health management of cardiovascular disease.
In the existing technical scheme, a plurality of cardiovascular disease risk preliminary screening tools exist, including a Framingham risk assessment model, a European SCORE risk assessment model, a WHO/ISH risk prediction graph, a Chinese ischemic cardiovascular disease risk assessment model and the like. Among them, the Framingiam risk assessment model is most widely applied, but the model overestimates cardiovascular risks of people in China. The subject group of the national 'fifteen' attack-pass 'comprehensive risk assessment of coronary heart disease and stroke and research on intervention schemes' establishes an assessment method and a simple assessment tool for the ischemic cardiovascular morbidity risk of Chinese people, and risk factors comprise age, gender, blood pressure, total cholesterol level, overweight, obesity, diabetes and smoking. The scale is suitable for 39-59-year-old people, and is used for predicting the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular disease death of the people in the next 10 years. People aged more than or equal to 60 years are high risk people with cardiovascular diseases, and the cardiovascular disease risk of the people in the next 10 years is often underestimated by using the scale.
The risk scoring tool calculates the absolute risk of the cardiovascular event of an individual in the next 10 years, and as the age is the most important factor for predicting the cardiovascular event, for young individuals, although the absolute risk of the cardiovascular event in the next 10 years is low, the possible risk of the cardiovascular event is increased by a plurality of times relative to the risk of the same age, so that the cardiovascular disease relative risk assessment scale is established by the cardiovascular physician party of the 2008 Chinese physicians' association and the cardiovascular disease society of China medical society and related clinical and epidemiological experts of the society of cardiovascular diseases, and the multiple of the increase of the cardiovascular disease relative risk in the next 10 years compared with healthy individuals of the same age is emphasized.
The cardiovascular disease onset risk stratification comprises two parts of 10-year risk assessment and lifetime risk assessment, and the 10-year risk assessment defines the boundary value of the risk stratification: low risk (< 5%), medium risk (5% -9.9%) or high risk (more than or equal to 10%). The control target and the intervention force are determined according to different risk levels, so that the risk of cardiovascular diseases of high-risk patients is reduced, and the medical risk and unnecessary medical resource waste of low-risk patients are avoided. The 2002 AHA cardiovascular disease first-level prevention guideline suggests: individuals over the age of 40 should be assessed for risk at least every 5 years.
In the prior art, no scheme is available for realizing accurate risk stratification of cardiovascular diseases, providing a training and treatment scheme for patients, and realizing prevention of diseases and improvement of life style of patients.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a hierarchical management system for cardiovascular disease risk assessment, comprising:
an acquisition module for acquiring at least one item of data of potential cardiovascular disease for each individual in a population;
the evaluation module is connected with the acquisition module and used for scoring each individual in the crowd according to the at least one item of data and mapping the score with a preset risk threshold value to obtain a risk level corresponding to each item of data;
the processing module is connected with the evaluation module and is used for dividing each individual according to a preset hierarchical setting according to the danger level of each item of data of each individual;
and the execution module is used for providing the individual in each hierarchy with the treatment scheme corresponding to the hierarchy.
Preferably, the data includes: risk factor data and carotid ultrasound examination data.
Preferably, the risk factor data includes:
age data, family history data of early cardiovascular disease, smoking data, obesity index, blood pressure data, blood lipid data, and blood glucose data.
Preferably, the carotid ultrasound examination data comprises:
carotid intimal media thickness and plaque index.
Preferably, the acquisition module comprises:
an acquisition unit for acquiring at least one item of data of potential cardiovascular diseases of each individual in the population;
and the first storage unit is connected with the acquisition unit and used for storing the at least one item of data.
Preferably, the evaluation module comprises:
the scoring unit is connected with the first storage unit and used for scoring each individual in the crowd according to the at least one item of data;
the mapping unit is connected with the scoring unit and used for mapping the scores with a preset risk threshold value to obtain a risk grade corresponding to each item of data;
and the second storage unit is connected with the mapping unit and used for storing the danger level of each item of data of each individual.
Preferably, the processing module comprises:
the layering unit is connected with the second storage unit and used for dividing each individual according to a preset hierarchical setting according to the danger level of each item of data of each individual;
and the third storage unit is used for storing the hierarchy corresponding to each individual.
Preferably, the execution unit includes:
an artificial intelligence unit connected with the third storage unit and used for providing a treatment scheme for each individual according to the level of each individual and a pre-trained model;
and the fourth storage unit is used for storing the treatment scheme corresponding to each individual.
Preferably, the first storage unit, the second storage unit, the third storage unit, and the fourth storage unit are formed in one physical memory.
A hierarchical management method for cardiovascular disease risk assessment, applied to the hierarchical management system as described in any one of the above items, the hierarchical management method specifically includes the following steps:
step S1, collecting at least one item of data of potential cardiovascular diseases of each individual in the crowd;
step S2, scoring each individual in the crowd according to data items according to the at least one item of data, and mapping the score with a preset risk threshold value to obtain a risk level corresponding to each item of data;
step S3, dividing each individual according to a preset hierarchical setting according to the danger level of each item of data of each individual;
step S4, providing the individual in each of the levels with a treatment plan corresponding to the level.
The technical scheme has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
according to the technical scheme, the risk level of the cardiovascular disease of the patient is accurately evaluated according to the input risk factor data and carotid artery ultrasonic examination data, and the patient is classified into different levels to realize risk stratification of the cardiovascular disease; meanwhile, a training treatment scheme is provided for the patient, and the prevention of diseases and the improvement of the life style of the patient are realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hierarchical management system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a hierarchical management method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and other embodiments may be included in the scope of the present invention as long as the gist of the present invention is satisfied.
In accordance with the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, there is provided a hierarchical management system for cardiovascular disease risk assessment, as shown in fig. 1, comprising:
the system comprises an acquisition module 1, a display module and a control module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring at least one item of data of potential cardiovascular diseases of each individual in a crowd;
the evaluation module 2 is connected with the acquisition module 1 and is used for scoring each individual in the crowd according to at least one item of data and according to the data item, and mapping the score with a preset risk threshold value to obtain a risk level corresponding to each item of data;
the processing module 3 is connected with the evaluation module 2 and is used for dividing each individual according to a preset hierarchical setting according to the danger level of each item of data of each individual;
and the execution module 4 is used for providing the treatment scheme corresponding to the hierarchy for the individual in each hierarchy.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, risk factor data and carotid artery ultrasound examination data of a patient are acquired by the acquisition module 1, wherein the risk factor data includes: age data, family history data of early cardiovascular disease, smoking data, obesity index, blood pressure data, blood lipid data, and blood glucose data; carotid ultrasound examination data includes carotid intimal media thickness and plaque index. The body fat rate measured by the body fat machine replaces the blood fat test which is not carried out by the patient, thereby providing the blood fat data.
The evaluation module 2 scores the severity of the risk factors according to the risk factor data, and maps the scores with a preset risk threshold value to obtain a risk grade corresponding to the risk factor data: in this embodiment, the risk threshold of the risk factor data is 3 points, that is, when the score is lower than 3 points, the risk factor data corresponding to the score is classified into a low risk level, and when the score is not lower than 3 points, the risk factor data corresponding to the score is classified into a high risk level.
The evaluation module 2 scores the severity of the carotid artery according to the carotid artery ultrasonic examination data, and maps the carotid artery ultrasonic examination data with a preset danger threshold value to obtain a danger level corresponding to the carotid artery ultrasonic examination data; in this embodiment, the risk thresholds of the carotid ultrasound examination data include a first risk threshold (1.0mm) corresponding to carotid intimal-media thickness and a second risk threshold (3 cents) corresponding to plaque index; when the thickness of the middle carotid intima layer is lower than 1.0mm and the plaque index is lower than 3 minutes, dividing the carotid artery ultrasonic examination data into low-risk levels to indicate that the carotid artery ultrasonic examination data are normal; and when the thickness of the middle layer of the carotid artery intima is not less than 1.0mm and/or the plaque index is not less than 3 min, dividing the carotid artery ultrasonic examination data into high risk levels, and indicating that the carotid artery ultrasonic examination data is abnormal.
The processing module 3 divides the corresponding patients according to preset level settings according to the risk level corresponding to the risk factor data and the risk level corresponding to the carotid artery ultrasound examination data. The hierarchy comprises a low risk hierarchy and a medium/high risk hierarchy, the patients corresponding to the risk factor data in the low risk hierarchy and the patients corresponding to the carotid artery ultrasound examination data are classified into the low risk hierarchy, and the patients corresponding to the risk factor data in the high risk hierarchy and the patients corresponding to the carotid artery ultrasound examination data are classified into the medium/high risk hierarchy.
The executive module 4 provides follow-up guidance for patients in low-risk levels; guidance for intervention therapy is provided for patients in the intermediate/high risk tier.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the data comprises: risk factor data and carotid ultrasound examination data.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the risk factor data comprises:
age data, family history data of early cardiovascular disease, smoking data, obesity index, blood pressure data, blood lipid data, and blood glucose data.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the carotid ultrasound examination data comprises:
carotid intimal media thickness and plaque index.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the acquisition module 1 comprises:
an acquisition unit 11 for acquiring at least one item of data of potential cardiovascular diseases of each individual in the population;
the first storage unit 12 is connected to the acquisition unit 11 and is used for storing at least one item of data.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the acquisition unit 11 is used to respectively acquire the risk factor data and the carotid artery ultrasound examination data, and the first storage unit 12 is used to store the acquired risk factor data and carotid artery ultrasound examination data.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the evaluation module 2 comprises:
the scoring unit 21 is connected with the first storage unit 12 and is used for scoring each individual in the crowd according to the data items according to at least one item of data;
the mapping unit 22 is connected with the scoring unit 21 and is used for mapping the score with a preset risk threshold value to obtain a risk level corresponding to each item of data;
and the second storage unit 23 is connected with the mapping unit 22 and is used for storing the danger level of each item of data of each individual.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the risk factor data is scored according to the severity of the risk factor and the severity of the carotid artery is scored according to the carotid artery ultrasonic examination data, respectively, by setting the scoring unit 21. The score of the risk factor data and the risk threshold are mapped respectively by the mapping unit 22 to obtain the risk level corresponding to the risk factor data, and the score of the carotid artery ultrasonic examination data and the risk threshold are mapped to obtain the risk level corresponding to the carotid artery ultrasonic examination data. And storing the risk level corresponding to the risk factor data and the risk level corresponding to the carotid artery ultrasonic examination data through a second storage unit 23.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the processing module 3 comprises:
the layering unit 31 is connected with the second storage unit 23 and is used for dividing each individual according to a preset hierarchical setting according to the danger level of each item of data of each individual;
and a third storage unit 32, configured to store a hierarchy corresponding to each individual.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the stratification unit 31 divides the patient corresponding to the risk factor data in the low risk level and the patient corresponding to the carotid artery ultrasound examination data into low risk levels, divides the patient corresponding to the risk factor data in the high risk level and the patient corresponding to the carotid artery ultrasound examination data into medium/high risk levels, and stores the levels corresponding to the patients by the third storage unit 32.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the execution unit includes:
an artificial intelligence unit 41 connected to the third storage unit 32 for providing a treatment plan for each individual according to the level of each individual and a pre-trained model;
a fourth storage unit 42 for storing the treatment plan corresponding to each individual.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the artificial intelligence unit 41 provides guidance for follow-up visits for patients in a low risk level; the artificial intelligence unit 41 is arranged to provide guidance opinions of intervention treatment for patients in a medium/high risk level, a human-computer interaction consultation platform is provided for the patients, the patients know the current life style and long-term consequences possibly brought by risk factors through the artificial intelligence unit 41, and also know the reasons that the risk of cardiovascular diseases can be reduced by improving the life style and using medicines with evidence-based medical evidence, and know the reasons that the risk of cardiovascular diseases is reduced as soon as possible, how to start and how to realize the prevention of diseases and improve the life style of the patients and other health information, so that the prevention of diseases and the improvement of the life style of the patients are realized, the storage of treatment schemes corresponding to the patients is realized through the fourth storage unit 42, and the guidance opinions are favorably provided for subsequent treatment.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first memory cell 12, the second memory cell 23, the third memory cell 32 and the fourth memory cell 42 are formed in a single physical memory.
A hierarchical management method for cardiovascular disease risk assessment, applied to the hierarchical management system as described in any one of the above, as shown in fig. 2, the hierarchical management method includes the following steps:
step S1, collecting at least one item of data of potential cardiovascular diseases of each individual in the crowd;
step S2, scoring each individual in the crowd according to data items according to at least one item of data, and mapping the score with a preset risk threshold value to obtain a risk level corresponding to each item of data;
step S3, dividing each individual according to a preset hierarchical arrangement according to the danger level of each item of data of each individual;
step S4, providing the individual in each level with the treatment plan corresponding to the level.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A hierarchical management system for cardiovascular disease risk assessment, comprising:
an acquisition module for acquiring at least one item of data of potential cardiovascular disease for each individual in a population;
the evaluation module is connected with the acquisition module and used for scoring each individual in the crowd according to the at least one item of data and mapping the score with a preset risk threshold value to obtain a risk level corresponding to each item of data;
the processing module is connected with the evaluation module and is used for dividing each individual according to a preset hierarchical setting according to the danger level of each item of data of each individual;
and the execution module is used for providing the individual in each hierarchy with the treatment scheme corresponding to the hierarchy.
2. The hierarchical management system according to claim 1, wherein the data includes: risk factor data and carotid ultrasound examination data.
3. The hierarchical management system according to claim 2, wherein the risk factor data includes:
age data, family history data of early cardiovascular disease, smoking data, obesity index, blood pressure data, blood lipid data, and blood glucose data.
4. The hierarchical management system according to claim 2, wherein the carotid artery ultrasound examination data includes:
carotid intimal media thickness and plaque index.
5. The hierarchical management system according to claim 1, wherein the acquisition module includes:
an acquisition unit for acquiring at least one item of data of potential cardiovascular diseases of each individual in the population;
and the first storage unit is connected with the acquisition unit and used for storing the at least one item of data.
6. The hierarchical management system according to claim 5, wherein the evaluation module comprises:
the scoring unit is connected with the first storage unit and used for scoring each individual in the crowd according to the at least one item of data;
the mapping unit is connected with the scoring unit and used for mapping the scores with a preset risk threshold value to obtain a risk grade corresponding to each item of data;
and the second storage unit is connected with the mapping unit and used for storing the danger level of each item of data of each individual.
7. The hierarchical management system according to claim 6, wherein the processing module includes:
the layering unit is connected with the second storage unit and used for dividing each individual according to a preset hierarchical setting according to the danger level of each item of data of each individual;
and the third storage unit is used for storing the hierarchy corresponding to each individual.
8. The hierarchical management system according to claim 1, wherein the execution unit includes:
an artificial intelligence unit connected with the third storage unit and used for providing a treatment scheme for each individual according to the level of each individual and a pre-trained model;
and the fourth storage unit is used for storing the treatment scheme corresponding to each individual.
9. The hierarchical management system according to claim 8, wherein the first storage unit, the second storage unit, the third storage unit, and the fourth storage unit are formed in one physical memory.
10. A hierarchical management method for cardiovascular disease risk assessment, applied to the hierarchical management system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the hierarchical management method comprising the steps of:
step S1, collecting at least one item of data of potential cardiovascular diseases of each individual in the crowd;
step S2, scoring each individual in the crowd according to data items according to the at least one item of data, and mapping the score with a preset risk threshold value to obtain a risk level corresponding to each item of data;
step S3, dividing each individual according to a preset hierarchical setting according to the danger level of each item of data of each individual;
step S4, providing the individual in each of the levels with a treatment regimen corresponding to the level.
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