CN112485467B - Temperature compensation accelerometer based on polarization maintaining optical fiber double-arm different-axis interferometer - Google Patents
Temperature compensation accelerometer based on polarization maintaining optical fiber double-arm different-axis interferometer Download PDFInfo
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- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
- G01P15/02—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
- G01P15/03—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses by using non-electrical means
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Abstract
The invention provides a temperature compensation accelerometer based on a polarization maintaining optical fiber double-arm different-axis interferometer. The full polarization-maintaining optical fiber interferometer is adopted as a sensing light path, the two arms of the interferometer are interfered by the sensing arm in a staggered way, and the two sensing arm optical fibers of the interferometer are sensitive to strain and temperature at the same time; the polarization maintaining optical fiber interferometer is compounded with the push-pull type mechanical vibration pickup structure, acceleration is converted into optical fiber strain by utilizing the vibration pickup structure, and two sets of sensing systems with different responses to temperature and acceleration are built in the same sensor. In the sensor, the temperature response and the acceleration response of the two sets of sensing systems are respectively the sum of the difference value of the temperature effect and the strain effect of the optical fibers of the two sensing arms, and under a balanced interferometer, the temperature response coefficients of the two sets of sensing systems are equal in value and opposite in sign, and the acceleration response signs are the same. The phase responses of the two sets of sensing systems are added, the strain response is increased while the temperature response is eliminated, and the acceleration sensitivity of the sensor is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, and particularly relates to a temperature compensation accelerometer based on a polarization maintaining optical fiber double-arm different-axis interferometer.
Background
Acceleration is an important physical quantity describing the motion state of an object, and an instrument for measuring acceleration is called an accelerometer, and the accelerometer is an important measuring element for controlling a detection device and guiding navigation. Compared with the traditional accelerometer, the optical fiber accelerometer has the advantages of small size, light weight, high sensitivity, large dynamic range, electromagnetic interference resistance, capability of working in severe environments and the like, and is widely applied. Because of the temperature sensitivity characteristic of the optical fiber material, the optical fiber sensor is very sensitive to temperature change, so that the sensor has a serious temperature cross sensitivity problem, which hinders the measurement accuracy improvement and engineering application popularization of the optical fiber sensor. In order to solve the temperature cross-sensitivity problem of the optical fiber sensor, researchers have developed various temperature compensation methods including a data processing compensation method, a structure compensation method, a reference interferometer method, a dual-sensing method, and the like.
The data processing compensation method is to firstly acquire the influence of temperature on the interferometer, and then use data processing to remove temperature drift in the final obtained result. In a method for compensating for a temperature of an optical fiber gyroscope (CN 101738204B) proposed by the photoelectric technology limited company of henry, the upper sea in 2009, the influence of the full temperature cycle on the optical fiber gyroscope is collected first, and then the signal is suppressed by data processing to compensate for the temperature effect. However, the known temperature change has only been treated, and the practical applicability is not high.
The structure compensation method limits the change of the interferometer caused by the influence of temperature by designing a special structure in the interferometer, thereby realizing the compensation of temperature drift. Zhu Tao et al, university of Chongqing 2012, propose a temperature self-compensating fiber optic acceleration sensor (CN 102721828B) with sliding mirror, which uses a structural compensation method that is reduced by designing structural parameters so as to eliminate the effect of temperature.
According to the reference measurement system method, a reference sensor which is only sensitive to temperature is arranged in a measurement system to acquire temperature information, and then the temperature influence is eliminated from the measurement information to acquire information to be measured. For example, li Aiqun et al in university of eastern and south of 2009 propose a fiber grating strain temperature simultaneous measurement sensor (CN 200920040685.7), which is sensitive to temperature and strain simultaneously by using two sections of the same fiber grating; however, the two sets of sensing systems are identical, and the two sets of sensing systems are difficult to be completely consistent in practical application.
The dual sensing method refers to that two sensors with different responses to be measured and temperature are used for simultaneously sensing the two sensors, or two response parameters with different responses to be measured and temperature are simultaneously realized in a single sensor, so that the two response parameters are simultaneously measured. The Chinese metering institute Jicheng et al in 2015 proposes a sensor (CN 201520488312.1) for simultaneously measuring temperature and strain based on spherical and fine core optical fibers, wherein a Mach-Zehnder interferometer is formed by using a special optical fiber to enable a cladding mode and a core mode to realize the function of simultaneously measuring temperature and strain, and crosstalk between the two is eliminated; however, the special optical fiber has higher cost and is limited by the optical fiber drawing technology, and partial unstable quality of the special optical fiber leads to inconsistent performance of the sensor.
The common structure of the optical fiber accelerometer is that an optical fiber interferometer is combined with a mechanical vibration pickup structure, and acceleration information is converted into strain information of a sensing optical fiber by the mechanical vibration pickup structure, so that for the optical fiber interferometer, acceleration temperature simultaneous measurement is equivalent to strain temperature simultaneous measurement. In order to solve the problem of temperature cross sensitivity of an optical fiber interferometer, yang Jun of Harbin engineering university in 2017 and the like propose a method and a device (CN 201711310550.3) for simultaneously measuring the temperature strain of a polarization maintaining optical fiber interferometer (CN 201711309566.2) and a non-balanced polarization maintaining optical fiber dual interferometer, which are used for simultaneously measuring the temperature strain by utilizing the characteristic that light can be simultaneously and independently transmitted in a polarization maintaining optical fiber dual axis, a full polarization maintaining optical fiber interferometer is built, two sets of sensing systems are realized in the same interferometer, and the two sets of sensing systems respectively respond to the temperature and the strain in different manners, so that a 2X 2 intrinsic response matrix is obtained to realize the simultaneous measurement of the temperature and the strain. However, the biaxial parameters of the polarization maintaining fiber are very close, so that the intrinsic response matrix approximates to the disease state matrix (i.e. the coefficients in the matrix are very close to cause the small changes of the matrix to cause larger deviation of the calculation result), and the separation result of the temperature and the strain contains large crosstalk items, so that the complete separation is difficult to realize. The method and the device for simultaneously measuring the temperature strain of the unbalanced polarization-maintaining optical fiber double interferometers can obtain an ideal matrix through matrix transformation, but can not change the nonideal of an intrinsic response matrix, so that the method is difficult to realize high-precision temperature compensation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a temperature compensation accelerometer based on a polarization maintaining optical fiber double-arm different-axis interferometer, which can effectively solve the problem of cross sensitivity of temperature and strain, realize thorough separation of temperature and strain response and finish simultaneous accurate measurement of the temperature and the strain.
The invention provides a temperature compensation accelerometer based on a polarization maintaining optical fiber double-arm different-axis interferometer, which comprises the following components: a narrow linewidth laser light source 101, a full polarization maintaining optical fiber balance interferometer 110, a polarization beam splitting differential detection device 120, an acquisition control and information processing device 130 and a push-pull vibration pickup structure 140, wherein:
1) The narrow bandwidth laser source 101 is connected with the input end of the first polarization maintaining coupler 111 through the polarizer 102; the two output ends of the second polarization maintaining coupler 114 are respectively connected with the first polarization beam splitter 121 and the second polarization beam splitter 122; the acquisition controller 131 is respectively connected with the first polarization maintaining coupler 111, the first differential detectors 123 and 125 and the second differential detectors 124 and 126; the first sensing optical fiber 112, the second sensing optical fiber 113 and the elastic body 141 are compounded;
2) In the full polarization maintaining optical fiber balanced interferometer 110, two output end optical fibers of a first polarization maintaining coupler 111 are respectively connected with a first sensing optical fiber 112 and a second sensing optical fiber 113, and the axial angles 115 and 136 of the polarization maintaining optical fibers at the connection positions are 0-45 degrees; the first sensing optical fiber 112 and the second sensing optical fiber 113 are respectively connected with two output end optical fibers of the second polarization maintaining coupler 114, wherein the axial angle 117 of the polarization maintaining optical fiber at the connection part of the second sensing optical fiber 113 and the second polarization maintaining coupler 114 is 0-90 degrees; the lengths of the first sensing optical fiber 112 and the second sensing optical fiber 113 are equal; the input fiber of the second sensing fiber 113 is wound around the phase modulator 118;
3) In the push-pull vibration pickup structure 140, an outer peripheral shell 143 holds and fixes an elastic body 141, a mass block 142 is fixed on the elastic body 141, and a first sensing optical fiber 112 and a second sensing optical fiber 113 are respectively fixed on two strain surfaces of the elastic body 141;
4) In the polarization beam splitting differential detection device 120, first differential detectors 123 and 125 are connected with fast axis signal output ends of a first polarization beam splitter 121 and a second polarization beam splitter 122, and second differential detectors 124 and 126 are connected with slow axis signal output ends of the first polarization beam splitter 121 and the second polarization beam splitter 122;
the working wavelength range of the first polarization maintaining coupler 111 can cover the emission spectrum of the narrow linewidth laser source 101, and the optimal splitting ratio is 50:50.
The working wavelength ranges of the polarizer 102, the second polarization-maintaining coupler 114, the first sensing optical fiber 112 and the second sensing optical fiber 113 can cover the emission spectrum of the narrow linewidth laser source 101, and the tail fibers are all polarization-maintaining optical fibers; the second polarization maintaining coupler 114 is a 2×2 polarization maintaining fiber coupler, the optimal splitting ratio is 50:50, and the fast and slow axes work simultaneously;
the wavelength working ranges of the first polarization beam splitter 121, the second polarization beam splitter 122, the first differential detectors 123, 125 and the second differential detectors 124, 126 can cover the emission spectrum of the narrow linewidth laser source 101, and the input fibers of the first polarization beam splitter 121 and the second polarization beam splitter 122 are polarization maintaining fibers;
the method for realizing the temperature compensation of the accelerometer by using the polarization maintaining optical fiber double-arm off-axis interferometer comprises the following steps:
firstly, constructing a full polarization maintaining optical fiber balance interferometer 110 to realize double-arm different-axis interference, and adjusting the lengths of a first sensing optical fiber 112 and a second sensing optical fiber 113 to be equal;
secondly, compounding the first sensing optical fiber 112, the second sensing optical fiber 113 and the elastic body 141 of the full polarization maintaining optical fiber balance interferometer 110, and assembling the elastic body 141, the mass block 142 and the peripheral shell 143 into an optical fiber accelerometer;
thirdly, placing the optical fiber accelerometer in a test environment, and respectively demodulating the phase information of two sets of sensing systems in the accelerometer by utilizing the acquisition control and information processing device 130;
and finally, summing the phase responses of the two demodulated sensing systems to obtain the total response of the accelerometer, so that the temperature compensation and the sensitivity improvement can be realized.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The polarization maintaining optical fiber double-arm different-axis interferometer is compounded with the push-pull mechanical vibration pickup structure, two sets of sensing systems with different responses to temperature and acceleration are constructed, under the balanced interferometer, the temperature response coefficient values of the two sets of systems are equal and opposite in sign, the acceleration response values are equal and same in sign, the two sets of system responses are added, the temperature influence is eliminated, the acceleration response is increased, and the acceleration sensitivity is improved.
(2) The system adopts a differential detection device, separates two sets of sensing signals of the sensor by using a polarization beam splitter, and respectively differential the two sets of sensing signals, so that the RIN noise of a light source in the sensing signals is inhibited; meanwhile, the system adopts a balance interferometer, the arm length difference is zero to inhibit phase noise generated by light source frequency noise, and the measurement resolution is improved while the system noise is reduced.
(3) The system adopts the full polarization-maintaining optical fiber optical path design, and the polarization-maintaining optical fiber has the function of maintaining the polarization state of transmitted light, so that the problem of polarization fading caused by random change of the polarization state in a common single-mode optical fiber interferometer is avoided, the stability of interference signals is improved, and the stability of the performance of a system device is further improved.
(4) The system adopts the full polarization-maintaining optical fiber interferometer as a sensing light path, and realizes double-arm different-axis interference by welding a sensing arm of the interferometer in a staggered way, the sensing light path has a simple structure, is flexible and changeable, can be combined with a mechanical transduction structure of various physical parameters, and realizes temperature compensation and sensitivity improvement of the optical fiber sensor of various parameters.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual-arm off-axis interference sensing optical path based on a polarization maintaining MZ optical fiber interferometer.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an accelerometer vibration pickup transducer based on a push-pull disk structure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an accelerometer vibration pickup transducer device based on a push-pull type column structure.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a temperature compensated accelerometer based on a polarization maintaining fiber optic dual arm off-axis interferometer.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The invention is an improvement to fiber optic accelerometer sensing technology. At present, because of the temperature sensitivity characteristic of the optical fiber material, the optical fiber accelerometer is very sensitive to temperature change, so that the sensor has a serious temperature cross sensitivity problem, which prevents the measurement accuracy of the optical fiber accelerometer from being improved and engineering application and popularization.
The invention provides a temperature compensation accelerometer based on a polarization maintaining optical fiber double-arm different-axis interferometer, which solves the problems faced by the optical fiber accelerometer. The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the invention is that a full polarization maintaining optical fiber interferometer is used as a sensing light path, two sensing arm optical fibers are compounded with a push-pull type mechanical vibration pickup structure, and acceleration is converted into optical fiber strain by the vibration pickup structure; the two-arm different-axis interference is realized by welding one sensing arm of the interferometer in a staggered manner, the two sensing arm optical fibers are sensitive to strain and temperature at the same time, and two sets of sensing systems with different responses to temperature and acceleration are built in the same sensor. In the sensor, the acceleration response of the two sets of sensing systems is the sum of the strain effects of the two sensing arm optical fibers, the temperature response of the two sets of sensing systems is the difference value of the temperature effects of the two sensing arm optical fibers, when the lengths of the two sensing arm optical fibers are equal, the values of the temperature response coefficients of the two sets of systems are equal and opposite in sign, the values of the acceleration response are equal and same in sign, the two sets of system responses are added, the temperature influence is eliminated, the acceleration response is increased, and the acceleration sensitivity is improved.
Theoretical derivation is performed by taking the polarization maintaining MZ fiber interferometer in fig. 1 as an example. Let the parameters related to the polarization maintaining MZ fiber interferometer in fig. 1 be: the central wavelength of the light source is lambda; polarization maintaining optical fiber with double refractive index of n f ，n s The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the First sensing arm optical fiberLength L 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The length of the second sensing arm optical fiber is L 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The first sensing arm optical fiber and the second sensing arm optical fiber are sensitive to temperature and strain at the same time, and acceleration is converted into optical fiber strain through the vibration pickup structure.
The interferometer produces phases of:
when the interferometer adopts a frequency stabilization light source, the phase change generated by the interferometer is as follows:
refractive index change:
Δn＝Δn ε +Δn T ＝βn 3 ε+nCΔT (3)
wherein Δn ε Refractive index changes for strain; Δn T Refractive index change for temperature; c is a thermo-optic coefficient; beta= - [ (1-v) p 12 -νp 11 ]V is the Poisson's ratio of quartz, p 11 And p 12 Is an elasto-optical coefficient; epsilon is strain and deltat is temperature change.
The length of the optical fiber is delta L: (wherein α is the thermal expansion coefficient of the optical fiber)
ΔL＝εL+αLΔT (4)
Phase change of interferometer:
double-arm different-axis interference output phase of polarization-maintaining optical fiber interferometer (wherein the double-axis thermo-optical coefficients of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber are C respectively f ，C s )：
When L 1 ＝L 2 When=l, there are:
as can be seen from the formula (7), when the interferometer is a balanced interferometer, the temperature response coefficient values of the two sets of sensing systems are equal and opposite in sign, and the strain response coefficient values are equal and opposite in sign, so that the phases of the two sets of sensing systems are added, the strain response can be increased while the temperature response is eliminated to realize temperature compensation, and the acceleration sensitivity of the sensor is improved. The final response of the sensor is:
example 1
As shown in fig. 2-4, a temperature compensation method for a polarization maintaining optical fiber dual-arm heteroaxial interferometer accelerometer based on a push-pull type column structure is shown in fig. 3.
The device comprises a narrow linewidth laser light source 101, a full polarization maintaining optical fiber balance interferometer 110, a polarization beam splitting differential detection device 120, an acquisition control and information processing device 130 and a push-pull vibration pickup structure 140, wherein:
1) The narrow bandwidth laser source 101 is connected with the input end of the first polarization maintaining coupler 111 through the polarizer 102; the two output ends of the second polarization maintaining coupler 114 are respectively connected with the first polarization beam splitter 121 and the second polarization beam splitter 122; the acquisition controller 131 is respectively connected with the first polarization maintaining coupler 111, the first differential detectors 123 and 125 and the second differential detectors 124 and 126; the first sensing optical fiber 112 and the second sensing optical fiber 113 are respectively wound on the first and second column bodies 141A and 141B;
2) In the full polarization maintaining optical fiber balanced interferometer 110, two output end optical fibers of a first polarization maintaining coupler 111 are respectively connected with a first sensing optical fiber 112 and a second sensing optical fiber 113, and the axial angles 115 and 116 of the polarization maintaining optical fibers at the connection positions are 0-45 degrees; the first sensing optical fiber 112 and the second sensing optical fiber 113 are respectively connected with two output end optical fibers of the second polarization maintaining coupler 114, wherein the axial angle 117 of the polarization maintaining optical fiber at the connection part of the second sensing optical fiber 113 and the second polarization maintaining coupler 114 is 0-90 degrees; the lengths of the first sensing optical fiber 112 and the second sensing optical fiber 113 are equal; the input fiber of the second sensing fiber 113 is wound around the phase modulator 118;
3) In the push-pull vibration pickup structure 140, a first cylinder 141A and a second cylinder 141B are respectively fixed on the upper side and the lower side of the mass block 142, and the peripheral casing 143 holds and fixes the two free ends of the first cylinder 141A and the second cylinder 141B;
4) In the polarization beam splitting differential detection device 120, first differential detectors 123 and 125 are connected with fast axis signal output ends of a first polarization beam splitter 121 and a second polarization beam splitter 122, and second differential detectors 124 and 126 are connected with slow axis signal output ends of the first polarization beam splitter 121 and the second polarization beam splitter 122;
5) In the acquisition control and information processing device 130, the information processing device 132 is connected to the acquisition controller 131 through a data line, and the acquisition controller 131 is connected to the first differential detectors 123 and 125, the second differential detectors 124 and 126, and the phase modulator 118 through signal lines, respectively.
The detailed performance parameters of the optical fiber device selected by the device are as follows.
1) The narrow linewidth laser source 101 has the working wavelength of 1550+/-20 nm, the central wavelength of 1550nm, the fiber output power of more than 4mW, the spectral linewidth of less than 1pm, and the output optical fiber being a polarization-maintaining optical fiber;
2) The first polarization maintaining coupler 111 has the working wavelength of 1550nm, the extinction ratio of more than 30dB, the splitting ratio of 50:50, the working axis being consistent with the working axis of the light source output optical fiber, and the input/output pigtail being a polarization maintaining optical fiber;
3) The measuring arm optical fiber 112 and the reference arm optical fiber 113 are polarization maintaining optical fibers, the working wavelength covers 1550nm wave bands, and the lengths of the measuring arm optical fiber and the reference arm optical fiber are consistent and are both 14m;
4) The second polarization maintaining coupler 114 is a 2×2 polarization maintaining fiber coupler, the working wavelength covers 1550nm wave band, the fast and slow axes work simultaneously, the splitting ratio is 50:50, the extinction ratio is greater than 20dB, and the input and output tail fibers are polarization maintaining fibers;
5) The first and second polarization beam splitters 121 and 122 have working wavelengths covering 1550nm wave bands, extinction ratio greater than 20dB, insertion loss less than 0.5dB, and input end tail fibers are polarization maintaining fibers;
6) The first and second differential detectors 123 and 125, 124 and 126 are made of InGaAs, and have a light detection range covering 1550nm band, and a responsivity of greater than 0.9A/W, such as Nirvana from NewFocus TM Series 2017 balanced detector;
7) A first column 141A and a second column 141B, which are made of copper columns, and have a height of 3cm, an outer diameter of 2cm, and a thickness of 1mm; the mass block 142 is made of stainless steel material and has a mass of 200g;
8) The phase modulator 118 is a piezoelectric ceramic ring with a diameter of 30mm, a length of a wound optical fiber of 50cm, and the wound optical fiber is a panda type polarization maintaining optical fiber with a modulation amplitude of more than 2 pi.
The working process of the measuring device is as follows:
placing the optical fiber accelerometer in a test environment, and respectively demodulating the phase information of two sets of sensing systems in the accelerometer by utilizing an acquisition control and information processing device 130; and then, summing the phase responses of the two sets of demodulated sensing systems to obtain the total response of the accelerometer, so that the temperature compensation and the sensitivity improvement can be realized, and the high-precision acceleration information detection can be realized.
The same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components;
the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are merely illustrative, and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent;
it is to be understood that the above examples of the present invention are provided by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.
Claims (4)
1. An accelerometer based on polarization maintaining fiber double arm paraxial interferometer, comprising: the device comprises a narrow linewidth laser light source (101), a full polarization maintaining optical fiber balance interferometer (110), a polarization beam splitting differential detection device (120), an acquisition control and information processing device (130) and a push-pull vibration pickup structure (140), wherein:
1) The narrow bandwidth laser light source (101) is connected with the input end of a first polarization maintaining coupler (111) of the full polarization maintaining fiber balance interferometer (110) through a polarizer (102); two output ends of a second polarization maintaining coupler (114) in the full polarization maintaining optical fiber balance interferometer (110) are respectively connected with a first polarization beam splitter (121) and a second polarization beam splitter (122) in the polarization beam splitting differential detection device (120); an acquisition controller (131) in the acquisition control and information processing device (130) is respectively connected with a first polarization maintaining coupler (111) in the full polarization maintaining fiber balance interferometer (110) and first differential detectors (123 and 125) and second differential detectors (124 and 126) in the polarization beam splitting differential detection device (120); the full polarization maintaining optical fiber balance interferometer (110) is compounded with an elastomer (141) in a push-pull vibration pickup structure (140) through two sensing arm optical fibers (112, 113);
2) In the full polarization maintaining fiber balanced interferometer (110), two output end optical fibers of a first polarization maintaining coupler (111) are respectively connected with a first sensing optical fiber (112) and a second sensing optical fiber (113), and the axial angles (115, 116) of the polarization maintaining optical fibers at the connection parts are 45 degrees; the first sensing optical fiber (112) and the second sensing optical fiber (113) are respectively connected with two input end optical fibers of the second polarization maintaining coupler (114), wherein the axial angle (117) of the polarization maintaining optical fiber at the joint of the second sensing optical fiber (113) and the second polarization maintaining coupler (114) is 90 degrees; the lengths of the first sensing optical fiber (112) and the second sensing optical fiber (113) are equal; the input fiber of the second sensing fiber (113) is wound on the phase modulator (118);
3) In the push-pull vibration pickup structure (140), a peripheral shell (143) holds and fixes an elastic body (141), a mass block (142) is fixed on the elastic body (141), and first and second sensing optical fibers (112, 113) are respectively fixed on two strain surfaces of the elastic body (141);
4) In the polarization beam splitting differential detection device (120), a first differential detector (123 and 125) is connected with fast axis signal output ends of a first polarization beam splitter (121) and a second polarization beam splitter (122), and a second differential detector (124 and 126) is connected with slow axis signal output ends of the first polarization beam splitter and the second polarization beam splitter (121 and 122).
2. Accelerometer based on polarization maintaining fiber double arm heteroaxial interferometer according to claim 1, characterized in that the first polarization maintaining coupler (111) is capable of covering the emission spectrum of a narrow linewidth laser light source (101) with an optimal splitting ratio of 50:50.
3. The accelerometer based on the polarization-maintaining optical fiber double-arm heteroaxial interferometer according to claim 1, wherein the polarizer (102), the second polarization-maintaining coupler (114), the first sensing optical fiber (112) and the second sensing optical fiber (113) can cover the emission spectrum of the narrow linewidth laser light source (101) in the working wavelength range, and the tail fibers are all polarization-maintaining optical fibers; the second polarization maintaining coupler (114) is a 2×2 polarization maintaining fiber coupler, the optimal splitting ratio is 50:50, and the fast and slow axes work simultaneously.
4. The accelerometer based on polarization maintaining fiber double arm heteroaxial interferometer according to claim 1, wherein the first polarization beam splitter (121), the second polarization beam splitter (122), the first differential detector (123, 125), the second differential detector (124, 126) can cover the emission spectrum of the narrow linewidth laser light source (101), and the input fibers of the first polarization beam splitter (121) and the second polarization beam splitter (122) are polarization maintaining fibers.
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