CN112485150A - High-precision gravimetric isothermal adsorption measurement method - Google Patents

High-precision gravimetric isothermal adsorption measurement method Download PDF

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CN112485150A
CN112485150A CN202011265762.6A CN202011265762A CN112485150A CN 112485150 A CN112485150 A CN 112485150A CN 202011265762 A CN202011265762 A CN 202011265762A CN 112485150 A CN112485150 A CN 112485150A
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王涛
宜伟
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Wuhan Paleozoic Testing Technology Co ltd
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    • G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
    • G01N5/02—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N7/00—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour
    • G01N7/02—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by absorption, adsorption, or combustion of components and measurement of the change in pressure or volume of the remainder
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Abstract

The invention discloses a high-precision gravimetric isothermal adsorption measurement method, which comprises the steps of preparing a rock sample to be measured into powder, placing the powder into a sample tank, sealing the sample tank, filling the sample tank with the powder, reducing the volume of a free space, filling non-adsorbed gas into the sample tank to a plurality of target pressures, inquiring the density of the non-adsorbed gas under the target pressure through a database, weighing the mass of the non-adsorbed gas under the target pressure, drawing to obtain the volume of the free gas, obtaining the mass of the free gas of adsorbed gas according to the density and the product of the free gas under each pressure of the adsorbed gas obtained by table look-up, calculating the mass of absolute adsorbed gas, and obtaining the mass of relative adsorbed gas according to the mass conversion of the absolute adsorbed gas.

Description

High-precision gravimetric isothermal adsorption measurement method
Technical Field
The invention relates to petroleum geology test equipment, in particular to a high-precision gravimetric isothermal adsorption measurement method.
Background
At present, the measurement of the isothermal adsorption and desorption curves of gas is divided into two categories, namely a volume method and a weight method. The adsorption amount is calculated by a volume method according to the Boyle's law of gas and the law of mass conservation, and the adsorption amount is calculated by a weight method according to the weight change of a sample before and after adsorption.
The Chinese patent 201810469034.3 entitled gravimetric method high-temperature high-pressure isothermal adsorption measuring device and method adopts a high-precision analytical balance based on a weighing balance, reduces the instrument cost on the basis of ensuring the test accuracy and reliability, and is beneficial to popularization of the gravimetric method isothermal adsorption test method. The large-sample-volume shale isothermal adsorption and desorption device in Chinese patent CN201611039073.7, a large-sample-volume shale isothermal adsorption and desorption device, performs experiments in an environment with stable temperature, ensures the accuracy of the experiments, has high precision, automatically acquires data and has reliable experimental results. The current domestic isothermal adsorption instruments cannot meet the requirements of the two aspects. In the above patents, the testing error of the isothermal adsorption apparatus is only reduced in terms of temperature and pressure, and in practical situations, because the test sample is too little, the test sample cannot fill the whole sample tank, and the free space volume is increased, so that the problem to be solved by the invention is to design an isothermal adsorption and desorption experimental device with high precision, small sample amount and small free space volume.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the prior isothermal adsorption measurement method needs to select a gas state equation and calculate a compression factor, and the precision is difficult to control.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a high-precision gravimetric isothermal adsorption measurement method comprises the following steps:
s01, preparing rock sample powder with the particle size of 0.25-0.18 mm, accurately weighing the prepared rock sample powder, then loading the rock sample powder into a sample tank, screwing a tank cover, and reducing the volume of a free space in the sample tank, wherein the sample tank comprises a tank body and a tank cover, the tank body and the tank cover are connected through threads, one side, facing the tank body, of the tank cover is connected with a piston through a rod piece, the periphery of the piston is sleeved with a sealing ring and is in transition fit with the tank body, the sample tank is communicated with a reference tank through a pipeline, a valve and a pressure sensor are arranged on the pipeline, the sample tank is placed on a high-precision weighing balance, the sample tank, the reference tank and the high-precision weighing balance are all arranged in a constant temperature box, and the reference tank is also connected with a booster pump, a vacuum pump and a bleeding valve through pipelines;
s02, filling non-adsorption gas into the reference tank and the sample tank through a booster pump to form a plurality of groups of target pressure points from low to high, and measuring the mass m of free gas in the sample tank at each pressure pointfTemperature TfAnd pressure Pf(ii) a The number of pressure points should be not less than 6, and the mass m of free gas measured at each pressure point is usedfAnd temperature TfAnd pressure PfInquiring in NIST database to obtain density rho corresponding to non-adsorbed gasfUsing mass m of free gas measured at each pressure pointfAnd density ρfMaking a cross-sectional diagram, setting the intercept of a linear fitting curve to be zero, and setting the slope of the curve to be the free space volume Vf；
S03, exhausting the gas in the reference tank, the sample tank and the pipeline by using a vacuum pump, resetting the high-precision lifting balance, injecting adsorption gas into the reference tank and the sample tank by using a booster pump to enable the pressure to reach one of the multiple groups of target pressure points in the step S02, weighing after adsorption balance, and recording the pressure P of the sample tankrTemperature TrAnd the increase m of the mass of the sample tankrAnd at the moment, the weighing value is the sum of the free gas mass and the adsorbed gas mass of the adsorbed gas corresponding to the pressure point, the steps are repeated, and the pressure P of the sample tank under the next group of pressure points in the multiple groups of target pressure points is continuously measuredrTemperature TrAnd the increase m of the mass of the sample tankrUntil all pressure points are tested;
calculating the mass of free gas of the adsorbed gas at each pressure point:
m′f＝Vf·ρ′f
in the formula: m'fThe free gas density rho 'of the adsorbed gas can be obtained by looking up the table in the NIST database for the free gas mass of the adsorbed gas'f；
Calculating absolute adsorbed gas mass m of adsorbed gasads：
mads＝mr-m′f
In the formula: m isadsAbsolute adsorbed gas mass; m isrAs free gas mass and adsorptionThe sum of the gas qualities;
according to absolute adsorbed gas mass madsCalculating the relative adsorbed gas mass mex：
Figure BDA0002776047410000031
ρadsThe adsorbed phase density is the adsorbed gas adsorbed phase density.
Further, the non-adsorbed gas is helium.
Further, the adsorbed gas is methane or nitrogen, and the rock sample is coal.
The invention has the following characteristics and effects:
(1) compared with a volumetric isothermal adsorption device, the device does not relate to the problems of gas state equation selection and compression factor calculation, the test precision only depends on the precision of a balance, and the test error is easy to control.
(2) The invention adopts the special sample tank for isothermal adsorption, can freely adjust the volume of the sample tank, reduces the volume of free space and reduces the test error.
(3) The invention adopts inner wall sealing, has good sealing effect, can be directly screwed down and does not need to use an external tool.
(4) Compared with a magnetic suspension isothermal adsorption instrument, the invention can realize simultaneous measurement of a plurality of samples by arranging a plurality of groups of matched sample tanks and reference tanks, and can also measure balance water and dried samples.
(5) The invention can realize the full-automatic high-precision operation of isothermal adsorption, avoids complex manual operation and ensures that the test is more accurate, convenient and rapid.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high precision gravimetric isothermal adsorption measurement device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a sample tank dedicated for isothermal adsorption of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows the mass m of free gas in step 3 of the measurement method of the present inventionfAnd density ρfThe cross plot of (a);
FIG. 4 is a model diagram of an excess adsorption scenario for gas composition in a sample tank;
fig. 5 is a model diagram of an absolute adsorption scenario of gas composition in a sample tank.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings
As shown in fig. 1, the high-precision gravimetric isothermal adsorption measuring device comprises an air supply and extraction unit, an isothermal adsorption unit and an industrial personal computer 18, wherein the isothermal adsorption unit is provided with a constant temperature box 16, a high-precision weighing balance 15 is arranged in the constant temperature box 16, a sample tank 14 is placed on the high-precision weighing balance 15, a reference tank 11 is further fixed in the constant temperature box 16, the reference tank 11 is further connected with the sample tank 14 through a hose 19, and a valve five 13 and a pressure sensor 12 are arranged on the hose 19; the air supply and extraction unit comprises an air source 1, a booster pump 3, a valve II 6 and a bleeding valve 9 which are sequentially connected in series through pipelines, the pipeline between the booster pump 3 and the source 1 is connected with a pressure gauge I2 through a branch, the pipeline between the valve II 6 and the bleeding valve 9 is respectively connected with a pressure gauge II 7, a valve III 8 and a reference tank 11 of the isothermal adsorption unit through three branches, the other end of the valve III 8 is connected with a vacuum pump 10, and the booster pump 3 is also connected with an air compressor 5 through a valve I4 and a pipeline; the industrial personal computer 18 collects data from the high-precision weighing balance 15 through a data line and controls the opening and closing of the first valve 4, the second valve 6, the third valve 8 and the bleeding valve 9 through the data line.
The sample tank 14 comprises a tank body 23 and a tank cover 29, wherein the tank body 23 is cylindrical, an external thread 26 is arranged on the tank body 23, an internal thread 27 is arranged in the tank cover 29, a piston 24 sleeved with a sealing ring 25 is arranged in the tank body 23, the piston 24 is sleeved with the sealing ring 25 and then excessively matched with the tank body 23, the piston 24 faces one side of the tank cover 29 and is connected with the tank cover 29 through a stainless steel rod 28, a stainless steel pipe 21 is arranged at the other end of the tank body 23, a filter element head 22 is filled in one end, located in the tank body 23, of the stainless steel pipe 21, the stainless steel pipe 21 is connected with a hose 19 through a quick connector, and.
The pressure sensor 12: the precision is not less than +/-0.1% FS;
an oven 16: the temperature control precision is not lower than +/-0.5 ℃;
high-precision balance 15: the precision of the weighing sensor is not less than +/-0.001 g.
The high-precision gravimetric isothermal adsorption measurement method comprises the steps of sample preparation and canning, airtightness inspection, free space volume determination and adsorption test.
(1) Sample preparation and canning: preparing a coal sample with the particle size of 0.25-0.18 mm (60-80 meshes), accurately weighing the prepared coal sample, quickly filling the coal sample into the sample tank 14, screwing the tank cover 29, pushing the sample to the top surface of the tank body 23 by the piston 24, and reducing the volume of the free space in the sample tank 14.
(2) And (3) checking air tightness: setting and adjusting the temperature of a constant temperature box 16 according to the reservoir temperature or the experiment requirement, and filling helium gas into a reference tank 11 and a sample tank 14 through a booster pump 3 to reach the highest test pressure of the experiment; and respectively acquiring pressure data of the reference tank 11 and the sample tank 14 by the second pressure gauge 7 and the pressure sensor 12, and keeping the pressure of the reference tank 11 and the pressure of the sample tank 14 stable within at least 1h, wherein the airtightness of the system is considered to be good.
(3) Free space volume determination: after the high-precision lifting balance 15 is cleared, a first valve 4 and a second valve 6 are opened, a third valve 8 and a diffusion valve 9 are closed, helium is filled into a reference tank 11 and a sample tank 14 through a booster pump 3 to form multiple groups of target pressure points from low to high, and the mass m of free gas in the sample tank 14 at each pressure point is measured according to the highest adsorption pressuref(helium correspondence), temperature TfAnd pressure Pf(ii) a The number of pressure points should be not less than 6, and the mass m of free gas measured at each pressure point is usedfAnd temperature TfAnd pressure PfLooking up the table in NIST database to obtain the corresponding density rhofUsing mass m of free gas measured at each pressure pointfAnd density ρfMaking a junction graph, as shown in FIG. 3, setting the intercept of the linear fitting curve to be zero, and setting the slope of the curve to be the free space volume Vf. (NIST national Institute of Standards and technology, NIST), is a large research Institute supported by the U.S. government and has database resources including analytical chemistry, atomic and molecular physics, molecular chemistry, and molecular chemistry,Biological processes, biological assays, chemical and crystal structures, chemical kinetics, environmental databases, chemical engineering, material properties, optical property recognition, physics, surface data, product design, thermophysical properties, and the like. Of the hundreds of databases, most of the databases related to physical properties can be searched freely and data information and graphs can be obtained
(4) And (3) adsorption test: after the free space volume measurement is finished, the first valve 4, the fourth valve 9 and the second valve 6 are closed, the third valve 8 is opened, and the gas in the reference tank 11, the sample tank 14 and the pipeline can be pumped out by the vacuum pump 10 for not less than 1 hour. The high precision lifting balance 15 is then cleared. Closing the third valve 8 and the fourth valve 9, opening the first valve 4 and the second valve 6, injecting adsorption gas (methane or nitrogen) into the reference tank 11 and the sample tank 14 by using the booster pump 3 to enable the pressure to reach one of a plurality of groups of target pressure points, weighing after adsorption balance, and recording the pressure P of the sample tank 14rTemperature TrAnd the increase m of the mass of the sample tankr. The weighed value is the sum of the free gas mass and the adsorbed gas mass corresponding to the pressure point. Repeating the above steps, and continuing to measure the pressure P of the sample tank 14 at the next set of pressure points in the plurality of sets of target pressure pointsrTemperature TrAnd the increase m of the mass of the sample tankrUntil all pressure points have been tested.
Calculating the mass of free gas:
m′f＝Vf·ρ′f
in the formula: m'fFree gas mass in grams (g) of adsorbed gas; the free gas density rho 'of the adsorbed gas can be obtained by looking up a table in an NIST database'fIn grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm)3)；
Absolute adsorbed gas mass madsAnd (3) calculating:
mads＝mr-m′f
in the formula: m isadsIn grams (g) as absolute adsorbed gas mass units; m isrIs the sum of the mass of free gas and the mass of adsorbed gas, and has the unit of gram (g).
The conversion of absolute adsorption amount and relative adsorption amount is performed according to the following formula 1:
Figure BDA0002776047410000071
Figure BDA0002776047410000072
Figure BDA0002776047410000073
in the formula: m isexRelative adsorbed gas mass in grams (g); n is the gas molar volume, typically given a value of 22.4 in liters per mole (L/mol); m is the gas molar mass in grams per mole (g/mol); rho'fThe density of the adsorbed gas at the current pressure point; rhoadsDirectly selecting the adsorption phase density as a constant value of 0.423g/cm for adsorbing the gas adsorption phase density3(corresponding to atmospheric boiling point liquid methane density); vgThe volume of the adsorbent gas is the volume corresponding to the standard state of the adsorbent gas and is expressed in cubic centimeters (cm)3) (ii) a m is the corresponding reference sample mass in grams (g); vadsExpressed as absolute adsorption capacity in cubic centimeters per gram (cm)3/g)。
The derivation of equation 1 is as follows:
referring to FIG. 4, when the pressure of the adsorbed gas charged into the sample tank is P and the temperature is T, the mass m of the gas in the sample tank istCan be expressed as the gas mass ρ 'in the space not occupied by the coal sample in the sample tank'f·VvoidMass m of excess (relative) adsorbed gasexThe sum of (1):
ρ′f·Vvoid+mex＝mt；
referring to FIG. 5, when the pressure of the adsorbed gas charged into the sample tank is P and the temperature is T, the mass m of the gas in the sample tank istCan be expressed as the mass of free space gas in the sample tank ρ'f·VfAnd mass m of absolute adsorbed gasads：
ρ′f·Vf+mads＝mt；
Vvoid＝Vf+Vads；
mex＝mads-[ρf·Vvoid-ρf·Vf]
mex＝mads-ρ′f·(Vvoid-Vf)
mex＝mads-ρ′f·Vads
Figure BDA0002776047410000081
Figure BDA0002776047410000082
Figure 1
。

Claims (3)

1. A high-precision gravimetric isothermal adsorption measurement method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s01, preparing rock sample powder with the particle size of 0.25-0.18 mm, accurately weighing the prepared rock sample powder, then loading the rock sample powder into a sample tank, screwing a tank cover, and reducing the volume of a free space in the sample tank, wherein the sample tank comprises a tank body and a tank cover, the tank body and the tank cover are connected through threads, one side, facing the tank body, of the tank cover is connected with a piston through a rod piece, the periphery of the piston is sleeved with a sealing ring and is in transition fit with the tank body, the sample tank is communicated with a reference tank through a pipeline, a valve and a pressure sensor are arranged on the pipeline, the sample tank is placed on a high-precision weighing balance, the sample tank, the reference tank and the high-precision weighing balance are all arranged in a constant temperature box, and the reference tank is also connected with a booster pump, a vacuum pump and a bleeding valve through pipelines;
s02, filling non-adsorption gas into the reference tank and the sample tank through a booster pump to form a plurality of groups of target pressure points from low to high, and measuring the mass m of free gas in the sample tank at each pressure pointfTemperature TfAnd pressure Pf(ii) a The number of pressure points should be not less than 6, and the mass m of free gas measured at each pressure point is usedfAnd temperature TfAnd pressure PfInquiring in NIST database to obtain density rho corresponding to non-adsorbed gasfUsing mass m of free gas measured at each pressure pointfAnd density ρfMaking a cross-sectional diagram, setting the intercept of a linear fitting curve to be zero, and setting the slope of the curve to be the free space volume Vf；
S03, exhausting the gas in the reference tank, the sample tank and the pipeline by using a vacuum pump, resetting the high-precision lifting balance, injecting adsorption gas into the reference tank and the sample tank by using a booster pump to enable the pressure to reach one of the multiple groups of target pressure points in the step S02, weighing after adsorption balance, and recording the pressure P of the sample tankrTemperature TrAnd the increase m of the mass of the sample tankrAnd at the moment, the weighing value is the sum of the free gas mass and the adsorbed gas mass of the adsorbed gas corresponding to the pressure point, the steps are repeated, and the pressure P of the sample tank under the next group of pressure points in the multiple groups of target pressure points is continuously measuredrTemperature TrAnd the increase m of the mass of the sample tankrUntil all pressure points are tested;
calculating the mass of free gas of the adsorbed gas at each pressure point:
m′f＝Vf·ρ′f
in the formula: m'fThe free gas density rho 'of the adsorbed gas can be obtained by looking up the table in the NIST database for the free gas mass of the adsorbed gas'f；
Calculating absolute adsorbed gas mass m of adsorbed gasads：
mads＝mr-m′f
In the formula: m isadsAbsolute adsorbed gas mass; m isrIs the sum of the free gas mass and the adsorbed gas mass;
according to absolute adsorbed gas mass madsCalculating the relative adsorbed gas mass mex：
Figure FDA0002776047400000021
ρadsIs the adsorbed phase density of the adsorbed gas.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the non-adsorbed gas is helium.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the adsorbed gas is methane or nitrogen and the rock sample is coal.
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