CN112485065A - In-situ pore water fidelity sampler and method for seabed surface sediment - Google Patents
In-situ pore water fidelity sampler and method for seabed surface sediment Download PDFInfo
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- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种海底表层沉积物原位孔隙水保真取样器和方法，包括隔离组件、支撑架和控制舱，隔离组件包括内部设置有容纳腔的壳体，容纳腔一侧开设有开口，开口上盖合有盖板，盖板一侧端面由下至上设置有多组取样孔，每组取样孔的输出端连接有取样组件，取样组件包括孔隙毛细管、导管和取样筒，孔隙毛细管的输入端与取样孔连接，孔隙毛细管通过导管与取样筒连接，所述蓄能模块环绕固定于支撑架体，所述支撑架体的下端与壳体的上端连接，所述蓄能模块与取样筒连接。在本发明中，取样组件通过取样孔对不同深度的孔隙水进行取样和保存，构建海底时间序列化的多层位孔隙水样本，实现高分辨率立体取样。
The invention discloses an in-situ pore water fidelity sampler and method for seabed surface sediments, comprising an isolation component, a support frame and a control cabin. The isolation component includes a casing with an accommodating cavity inside, and an opening is opened on one side of the accommodating cavity , the opening is covered with a cover plate, the end face of one side of the cover plate is provided with a plurality of groups of sampling holes from bottom to top, the output end of each group of sampling holes is connected with a sampling assembly, and the sampling assembly includes a pore capillary, a conduit and a sampling cylinder. The input end is connected with the sampling hole, the pore capillary is connected with the sampling cylinder through the conduit, the energy storage module is fixed around the support frame body, the lower end of the support frame body is connected with the upper end of the shell, and the energy storage module is connected with the sampling cylinder connect. In the present invention, the sampling component samples and saves pore water of different depths through the sampling holes, constructs multi-level pore water samples of seabed time series, and realizes high-resolution stereo sampling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of marine engineering exploration, in particular to an in-situ pore water fidelity sampler and method for seabed surface sediment.
Background
In the seabed energy substance accumulation area, due to the common differences in pressure, temperature, concentration and components in the geographical environment under the seabed, hydrocarbon substances are dynamically transported from a deep part to the surface layer, so that the geochemical characteristics of the media such as shallow surface sediments, pore water, bottom water and the like are changed, and geochemical anomaly is formed. The methane leakage, the pH value, the oxidation-reduction potential and various chemical composition changes of the seawater-sediment interface are important bases for natural gas hydrate exploration and marine environment changes, but the related fidelity sampling, testing technology and geological environment system evolution research are relatively weak. The seabed in-situ pore water sampling technology is still relatively short in the world, the depth, the sample quantity and the high resolution of the currently developed in-situ sampling technology are difficult to be considered, and most pore water sampling does not relate to the airtight technology. And a fidelity sampler for realizing shallow surface in-situ pore water with no pollution, high resolution and airtightness is lacked. The development of the fidelity sampler for the in-situ airtight pore water of the sediment on the seabed surface layer can prevent dissolved gas in the pore water from escaping on one hand, and can keep the original components and information of the pore water on the other hand, and the precise sampling of the gradient of the pore water on the seabed surface layer can provide an important means for the research on the sensitive change of the biogeochemical reaction of the sediment on the seabed surface layer.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide an in-situ pore water fidelity sampler for bottom sediments, which can solve the problems of high pollution, low resolution and poor air tightness of the conventional in-situ airtight pore water fidelity sampler for bottom sediments.
The second objective of the present invention is to provide a method for fidelity sampling of in-situ pore water of bottom sediments, which can solve the problems of high pollution, low resolution and poor air tightness of the traditional fidelity sampler for in-situ airtight pore water of bottom sediments.
In order to achieve one of the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a submarine surface sediment in-situ pore water fidelity sampler comprises an isolation assembly, a support frame and a control cabin, wherein the isolation assembly is used for reducing the disturbance of a sampling process on sediment, the support frame is used for maintaining the stability of the sampling assembly, the isolation assembly comprises a shell, a containing cavity is arranged in the shell, an opening is formed in one side of the containing cavity, a cover plate covers the opening, a plurality of groups of sampling holes are formed in one side end face of the cover plate from bottom to top, the output end of each group of sampling holes is connected with the sampling assembly used for fidelity sampling of submarine surface sediment in-situ pore water, the sampling assembly comprises a pore capillary, a guide pipe, a sampling cylinder and an electromagnetic valve, the pore capillary, the electromagnetic valve, the guide pipe and the sampling cylinder are all arranged in the containing cavity, the input end of the pore capillary is connected with the sampling holes, and the output, the output end of the sampling cylinder is connected with the output end of the shell through the electromagnetic valve, the support frame comprises a support frame body and a plurality of energy storage modules for adjusting the pressure in the sampling cylinder, the energy storage modules are fixed on the support frame body in a surrounding mode, the lower end of the support frame body is connected with the upper end of the shell, the output end of each energy storage module is connected with the sampling cylinder, and the energy storage modules and the electromagnetic valve are both connected with the control cabin; the cover plate is used for driving the sampling hole to be in one of an open state and a closed state.
Preferably, the lower end of the shell extends downwards to form an extension part, and the extension part is of a shovel-shaped structure.
Preferably, the sampling assembly further comprises a coarse filtration layer, and the sampling hole is connected with the input end of the pore capillary through the coarse filtration layer.
Preferably, the sampling component further comprises a one-way valve, the guide pipe is connected with the input end of the one-way valve, and the input end of the sampling cylinder is connected with the output end of the one-way valve.
Preferably, the sampling cylinder includes inside barrel, swing joint and the elastic element in the sample intracavity that is provided with the sample chamber, the solenoid valve is connected with the output in sample chamber, the piston passes through elastic element and is connected with the one end that the sample chamber is close to the output, the pipe is connected with the input in sample chamber, the output and the sample chamber of energy storage module are connected.
Preferably, the sampling holes are distributed on one side end face of the cover plate in a matrix manner.
Preferably, the pore capillaries consist of porous hydrophilic filtration membranes.
In order to achieve the second purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a submarine surface sediment in-situ pore water fidelity sampling method comprises the following steps:
s1: injecting liquid into the sampling cylinder in advance to enable the water pressure in the sampling cylinder to be at a stable value;
s2: inserting the isolation assembly into a sampling place, judging whether the external soil environment is stable, if so, opening the cover plate and driving the sampling hole to be in an open state, and if not, closing the cover plate and driving the sampling hole to be in a closed state;
s3: releasing the liquid in the sampling cylinder through an electromagnetic valve, driving the water pressure in the sampling cylinder to be lower than the external water pressure, and sucking pore water into the sampling cylinder;
s4: and judging whether the current water pressure of the sampling cylinder is in a preset range, if so, continuing to suck pore water into the sampling cylinder, otherwise, adjusting the current water pressure of the sampling cylinder to the preset range through the energy storage module, and then continuing to suck the pore water into the sampling cylinder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the sampling holes are arranged from bottom to top, and the output end of each group of sampling holes is provided with an independent sampling assembly, so that the in-situ pore water fidelity sampler for the seabed surface sediment can perform seabed shallow layer multi-layer sampling, a plurality of centimeter-level high-resolution pore water samples can be obtained, the seabed multi-layer and high-resolution pore water samples are constructed, meanwhile, the pore capillary tube is arranged between the sampling tube and the sampling holes, the seabed surface sediment is effectively prevented from entering the sampling tube, the disturbance to the seabed surface sediment can be reduced to the minimum degree during the in-situ sampling, and the accuracy of the pore water samples is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an in-situ pore water fidelity sampler for surface sediments on the seabed according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the isolation assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sampling assembly according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-an isolation component; 2-a support frame; 3-an energy storage module; 4-a shell; 5-a sampling assembly; 6-a one-way valve; 7-a piston; 8-a resilient element; 9-a sampling tube; 10-an electromagnetic valve; 11-a catheter; 12-a cover plate; 13-coarse filtration layer; 14-pore capillary.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description below:
in the invention, a communication module, a timing module and a control module are arranged in the control cabin, the communication module and the timing module are both connected with the control module, the control module can be a terminal module with data processing capability such as a single chip microcomputer, the control module is connected with the electromagnetic valve 10 and is used for controlling the electromagnetic valve 10 to be in one of an opening state and a closing state and controlling the opening time of the electromagnetic valve 10, the energy storage module 3 is a piston type energy storage module 3, the electromagnetic valve 10 is a high-pressure electromagnetic valve 10 and is suitable for being used in high-water pressure scenes such as deep sea and the like.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1-3, an in-situ pore water fidelity sampler for surface sediment on the sea bottom comprises an isolation assembly 1 for reducing disturbance to the sediment in the sampling process, a support frame 2 for maintaining stability of a sampling assembly 5 and a control cabin, wherein the isolation assembly 1 comprises a housing 4 with a containing cavity arranged therein, preferably, the housing 4 is made of a pressure-resistant material, so as to prevent the housing 4 from deforming after entering into the deep sea environment, further, the lower end of the housing 4 extends downwards to form an extension part which is of a shovel-shaped structure, so that the isolation assembly 1 can be conveniently inserted into a sampling site, and damage to the soil environment of the sampling site caused by the isolation assembly 1 in the insertion process is reduced, so that the time for recovering the sampling site and the surrounding environment thereof is shortened; in this embodiment, an opening is formed in one side of the accommodating cavity, a cover plate 12 covers the opening, a plurality of groups of sampling holes are formed in one side end face of the cover plate 12 from bottom to top, preferably, the sampling holes are distributed on one side end face of the cover plate 12 in a matrix manner, the output end of each group of sampling holes is connected with sampling assemblies 5 for fidelity sampling of in-situ pore water of the bottom surface sediment, specifically, the vertical distance between every two sampling assemblies 5 is 2cm, and the capacity of each sampling assembly 5 is at least 10 ml; in the embodiment, a plurality of groups of sampling holes are arranged from bottom to top, and the independent sampling assembly 5 is arranged at the output end of each group of sampling holes, so that the in-situ pore water fidelity sampler for the sediment on the surface layer of the seabed can sample on a plurality of layers of shallow layers of the seabed, and a plurality of centimeter-level high-resolution pore water samples can be obtained, thereby constructing a multi-layer high-resolution pore water sample on the seabed.
Specifically, sampling component 5 includes pore capillary 14, pipe 11, sampling cylinder 9 and solenoid valve 10, pore capillary 14, solenoid valve 10, pipe 11 and sampling cylinder 9 all set up in holding the chamber, and are preferred, still include thick filter layer 13, thick filter layer 13 is the filter screen that the aperture is 1mm, can carry out prefilter to submarine sediment pore water, sets up between sampling hole and pore capillary 14, and mainly used filters the great soil particle of particle diameter, avoids blockking up pipe 11 or sampling cylinder 9, leads to the sample to fail. Furthermore, the pore capillary 14 is a white porous hydrophilic filter membrane with an average pore diameter of 0.15 μm, which can be automatically wetted without adsorption, and has minimal damage to the hydraulic property of the sediment on the seabed, so that the sediment on the seabed can quickly return to the normal state, and the damage to the seabed ecosystem is reduced, and meanwhile, the conduit 11 adopts a U-shaped conduit, which can greatly reduce the size of the sampling inserting plate and the damage to the sampling site, and is convenient to carry and insert; in addition, the sampling assembly 5 further comprises a one-way valve 6, the U-shaped guide pipe is connected with the sampling cylinder 9 through the one-way valve 6, and liquid in the sampling cylinder 9 is prevented from flowing back, so that the abnormal water pressure or sample leakage in the sampling cylinder 9 is avoided; in this embodiment, the cover plate 12 is opened by the ROV, specifically, the cover plate 12 may be moved up and down or moved left and right to drive the sampling hole to be in one of an open state and a closed state, the sampling hole on the cover plate 12 is driven to be in an open state, pore water enters from the sampling hole, the coarse filtration layer 13 filters soil particles with larger particle size and marine organisms with smaller volume mixed in the pore water, the coarse filtered pore water enters the pore capillary 14, since the pore capillary 14 is a white porous hydrophilic filtration membrane with an average pore size of 0.15 μm, the pore capillary can be automatically wetted without adsorption, so that the sampling cylinder 9 can obtain a target sample and simultaneously the hydraulic property of the sediment on the seabed can be minimally damaged by the sampling operation, so that the sediment on the seabed surface layer can quickly return to a normal state, the filtered pore water sequentially passes through the conduit 11, The one-way valve 6 enters the sampling tube 9 for storage.
Specifically, the sampling cylinder 9 comprises a cylinder body, a piston 7, an elastic element 8 and an electromagnetic valve 10, wherein a sampling cavity is formed in the cylinder body, the piston 7 is movably connected in the sampling cavity, the electromagnetic valve 10 is connected with the output end of the sampling cavity, the piston 7 is connected with one end, close to the output end, of the sampling cavity through the elastic element 8, the guide pipe 11 is connected with the input end of the sampling cavity, the output end of the energy storage module 3 is connected with the sampling cavity, and the electromagnetic valve 10 is connected with the control cabin; preferably, the sampling chamber has a capacity of at least 10ml, so as to obtain a sufficient pore water sample, while the side wall of the piston 7 forms a sealed connection with the side wall of the sampling chamber, so that the sampling chamber is divided into two separate parts (first part: sample part for storing the sample without the spring, second part: spring part for storing the liquid with the spring); before sampling, the spring part in the sampling cavity is filled with liquid, namely the volume of the spring part is the largest, the spring is in a stretching state, the piston 7 is tightly attached to one end of the sampling cavity far away from the elastic element 8 (wherein, the elastic element 8 can be a spring), namely the volume of the sample part is the smallest, during sampling, the electromagnetic valve 10 starts to release the liquid in the sampling cavity to the outside, then the water pressure of the spring part is reduced, then the spring recovers to deform, the piston 7 is driven to start to press the spring part, at the same time, the volume of the spring part starts to be reduced, the volume of the sample part starts to be increased, because the pressure of the sample part is exerted by the spring part through the piston 7, at the same time, the piston 7 presses the spring part under the action of the spring, namely, the pressure exerted to the sample part through the piston 7 is obviously reduced, namely, the pressure of the sample part is, therefore, the sample part is in a negative pressure state, under the action of the negative pressure, pore water is sucked into the sample part of the sampling cavity, meanwhile, the timing module in the control cabin calculates the conduction time of the electromagnetic valve 10, when the server considers that the external soil environment is in a stable state, a sampling instruction is sent to the control module in the control cabin, the electromagnetic valve 10 is opened, then the timing module starts timing, when the time reaches a threshold value, the timing module drives the electromagnetic valve 10 to be closed through the control module, and the liquid of the spring part is stopped being released to the outside; preferably, support frame 2 is including supporting the support body and a plurality of energy storage module 3 that are used for adjusting the 9 internal pressures of sampling tube, energy storage module 3 encircles and is fixed in and supports the support body, the lower extreme that supports the support body is connected with the upper end of casing 4, energy storage module 3's output is connected with sampling tube 9, and is further, be provided with pressure sensor in the sampling tube 9, pressure sensor is connected with the control cabin, and in the sampling process, when external environment leads to taking place pressure in the sampling tube 9 and takes place obvious change, then energy storage module 3 can distribute the pressure recovery that pressurized fluid made sampling tube 9 and stabilize.
Example two:
a submarine surface sediment in-situ pore water fidelity sampling method comprises the following steps:
s1: injecting liquid into the sampling cylinder 9 in advance so that the water pressure in the sampling cylinder 9 is at a stable value;
specifically, the sampling cavity of the sampling cylinder 9 is filled with enough liquid in advance so that the elastic element 8 is in a stretched state and the piston 7 abuts against the end of the sampling cavity away from the elastic element 8 (i.e. equal to the maximum volume of the spring portion mentioned in the first embodiment and the minimum volume of the sample portion, when the water pressure in the sampling cylinder 9 is at a stable threshold value.
S2: inserting the isolation assembly 1 into a sampling place, judging whether the external soil environment is stable, if so, opening the cover plate 12 to drive the sampling hole to be in an open state, and if not, closing the cover plate 12 to drive the sampling hole to be in a closed state;
specifically, carry seabed top layer deposit normal position pore water fidelity sampler to the sample site through the ROV, insert isolation component 1 to the sample site again, preferably, the lower extreme downwardly extending of casing 4 forms the extension, the extension is shovel-shaped structure to the ROV directly inserts the sample site with isolation component 1, reduces isolation component 1 and in the insertion process, causes the damage to the soil environment in sample site, simultaneously, pipe 11 adopts U type pipe, can reduce isolation component 1's size to a great extent, and the socket that causes at the seabed is as narrow and small as possible, reduces the destruction to the ecosystem in sample site, with shorten the time that sample site and all ring edge borders resume the original form, and make things convenient for the ROV to carry and insert the operation of seabed top layer deposit normal position pore water fidelity sampler.
When the ROV inserts the isolation component 1 into the sampling place to the designated place, the ROV can observe whether the sampling place and the surrounding environment thereof are recovered or not through a visual device of the ROV, or the ROV stands still for about 1 hour, the sampling is started after the ocean current and the soil environment around the sampling place are stabilized, concretely, the cover plate 12 is opened by adopting the ROV, the cover plate 12 is moved up and down or moved left and right, so that the sampling hole is driven to be in one of the opening and closing state, the sampling hole on the cover plate 12 is driven to be in the opening state, the pore water enters from the sampling hole, the coarse filter layer 13 filters out the soil particles with larger particle size and the marine organisms with smaller volume in the pore water, the pore water after coarse filtration enters the pore capillary 14, and the pore capillary 14 is a white porous hydrophilic filter membrane with the average pore size of 0.15 mu m, can be automatically wetted and does not generate adsorption, so that when the sampling cylinder 9 obtains a target sample, the hydraulic property of the sediment on the seabed surface is damaged the least by the sampling operation, so that the sediment on the seabed surface can be quickly recovered to the normal state, and the filtered pore water sequentially passes through the conduit 11 and the one-way valve 6 to enter the sampling cylinder 9 for storage
S3: releasing the liquid in the sampling cylinder 9, driving the water pressure in the sampling cylinder 9 to be lower than the external water pressure, and sucking pore water into the sampling cylinder 9;
specifically, when the liquid in the sampling cavity is released to the outside through the electromagnetic valve 10, the water pressure of the spring part is reduced, then the spring is deformed again, the piston 7 is driven to press the spring part, at the moment, the volume of the spring part is reduced, the volume of the sample part is increased, because the pressure of the sample part is applied by the spring part through the piston 7, at the moment, the piston 7 presses the spring part under the action of the spring, namely, the pressure applied to the sample part through the piston 7 is obviously reduced, namely, the pressure of the sample part is reduced to a negative value from an original balance state, the sample part is in a negative pressure state, pore water is sucked into the sample part of the sampling cavity under the action of the negative pressure, meanwhile, the timing module in the control cabin calculates the conduction time of the electromagnetic valve 10, when the server considers that the external soil environment is in a stable state, sending a sampling instruction to a control module of the control cabin, starting the electromagnetic valve 10, then starting timing by a timing module, and when the time reaches a threshold value, driving the electromagnetic valve 10 to close by the timing module through the control module to stop releasing liquid of the spring part to the outside;
s4: and judging whether the current water pressure of the sampling cylinder 9 is in a preset range, if so, continuously sucking pore water into the sampling cylinder 9, otherwise, adjusting the current water pressure of the sampling cylinder 9 to the preset range through the energy storage module 3, and then continuously sucking the pore water into the sampling cylinder 9.
Specifically, the support frame 2 is including supporting the support body and a plurality of energy storage module 3 that are used for adjusting the sampler barrel 9 internal pressure, energy storage module 3 encircles and is fixed in the support body, the lower extreme that supports the support body is connected with the upper end of casing 4, energy storage module 3's output is connected with sampler barrel 9, and is further, be provided with pressure sensor in the sampler barrel 9, pressure sensor is connected with the control cabin, and in the sampling process, when external environment leads to taking place pressure in the sampler barrel 9 and obviously changing, for example unable resistance or the normal water pressure in the sampler barrel 9 is influenced in the activity of large-scale marine organism, then the control cabin orders about energy storage module 3 distribution pressurized fluid and gets into or leaves sampler barrel 9 to the pressure of sampler barrel 9 that makes resumes stable threshold value, guarantees that sampler barrel 9 can acquire sufficient sample quantity.
Various other modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art based on the above-described technical solutions and concepts, and all such modifications and changes should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
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| CN113049314A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-06-29 | 南通市飞宇石油科技开发有限公司 | Sediment gas tightness sampling device with prevent cross contamination |
| CN113432641A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-09-24 | 浙江大学 | Be used for long-term multi-parameter monitoring devices of deep sea stratum |
| CN114034517A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-02-11 | 浙江大学 | Hydraulic drive type high-resolution deep sea sediment pore water in-situ fidelity sampler |
| CN114674614A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-06-28 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | A device and method for in-situ layered collection of seabed sediment pore water |
| CN117405455A (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2024-01-16 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | A device for collecting in-situ experimental samples of pore water in shallow seabed sediments |
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