CN112484665B - Insulator deflection angle measuring method, device and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application relates to a method, a device and a system for measuring deflection angle of an insulator. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a scattered light signal acquired by a sensing optical fiber; the sensing optical fiber is arranged in the insulator core rod; analyzing and processing the scattered light signals to obtain incident light frequency data and scattered light frequency data; substituting the incident light frequency data and the scattered light frequency data into an insulator deflection angle calculation formula to calculate to obtain an insulator deflection angle; the insulator drift angle calculation formula is derived according to the stress strain relation of the insulator core rod, and represents the corresponding relation of incident light frequency, scattering light frequency and insulator drift angle. According to the insulator deflection angle measuring method, any active device is not required to be exposed in a severe environment, the insulator deflection angle can be measured only by implanting the sensing optical fiber into the insulator core rod, the insulator deflection angle is not easily affected by external interference, and the reliability is high.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of power grids, in particular to a method, a device and a system for measuring insulator deflection angles.
Background
With the rapid development of electric power engineering construction in China, a large number of power transmission lines inevitably pass through regions with severe climatic environments, and the guarantee of safe operation of the power transmission lines in natural environments such as strong wind, ice disasters and the like is one of important works of a power grid system. The insulator deflection angle refers to an angle formed by a power grid line suspended insulator string and the vertical direction caused by external disturbance. Taking a strong wind weather as an example, under strong wind, the suspension insulator can have windage yaw, and the excessive deflection angle can cause the breakdown discharge and trip of the power transmission line, thereby affecting the safe operation of the power grid.
According to the traditional method for measuring the deflection angle of the insulator, a video monitoring device is installed at the bottom of a power grid tower, a camera is used for shooting a video of the insulator, and then the insulator deflection angle is calculated by adopting a differentiation algorithm after the video is subjected to image processing and recognition. Because the video monitoring device needs to be supplied with power continuously, the video monitoring device is difficult to operate for a long time in a severe environment, and in the actual use process, the deflection angle of the insulator can not be measured continuously due to power failure. Therefore, the traditional insulator deflection angle measuring method has the defect of low reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a method, an apparatus and a system for measuring an insulator deflection angle with high reliability.
In a first aspect, a method for measuring an insulator deflection angle is provided, where the method includes:
acquiring a scattered light signal acquired by a sensing optical fiber; the sensing optical fiber is arranged in the insulator core rod;
analyzing and processing the scattered light signals to obtain incident light frequency data and scattered light frequency data;
substituting the incident light frequency data and the scattered light frequency data into an insulator deflection angle calculation formula to calculate to obtain an insulator deflection angle; and the insulator drift angle calculation formula is derived according to the stress strain relation of the insulator core rod, and represents the corresponding relation of incident light frequency, scattering light frequency and insulator drift angle.
In one embodiment, before substituting the incident light frequency data and the scattered light frequency data into an insulator deflection angle calculation formula to calculate an insulator deflection angle, the method further includes:
analyzing the relation between the strain of the insulator core rod and the incident light frequency, the scattering light frequency and the strain proportion coefficient of the sensing optical fiber to obtain an expression of the strain of the insulator core rod;
analyzing the relation between the stress of the insulator core rod and the deflection angle of the insulator and the structural shape of the insulator core rod to obtain an expression of the stress of the insulator core rod;
and analyzing the relation of the stress strain of the insulator core rod according to the stress expression and the strain expression of the insulator core rod to obtain a calculation formula of the deflection angle of the insulator.
In one embodiment, before analyzing the relationship between the strain of the insulator core rod and the incident light frequency, the scattered light frequency, and the strain proportionality coefficient of the sensing fiber to obtain the expression of the strain of the insulator core rod, the method further includes:
and calculating the strain proportionality coefficient of the sensing optical fiber according to the incident light frequency data and the scattered light frequency data of the sensing optical fiber under different strains.
In one embodiment, the analyzing a relationship between the strain of the insulator core rod and an incident light frequency, a scattered light frequency, and a strain proportionality coefficient of the sensing optical fiber to obtain an expression of the strain of the insulator core rod includes:
calculating to obtain the frequency shift quantity of the scattered light of the sensing optical fiber according to the incident light frequency and the scattered light frequency of the sensing optical fiber;
and obtaining an expression of the strain of the insulator core rod according to the scattered light frequency, the scattered light frequency shift quantity and the strain proportion coefficient of the sensing optical fiber.
In one embodiment, the insulator core rod is a cylinder, and the expression for obtaining the stress of the insulator core rod is as follows:
in the formula, G is the tension force applied to the high-voltage end of the insulator, L is the distance between the high-voltage end of the insulator and the connecting end at the top of the insulator, theta is the deflection angle between the insulator and the vertical direction, and d is the diameter of the insulator mandrel.
In one embodiment, the calculation formula of the insulator deflection angle is as follows:
wherein E is the elastic modulus of the insulator core rod, and Δ v is the incident angleDifference between optical frequency and said scattered optical frequency, K ε And the strain proportionality coefficient of the sensing optical fiber is shown.
In one embodiment, after the calculating the insulator deflection angle, the method further includes:
and outputting the calculation result of the deflection angle of the insulator.
In one embodiment, after the calculating the insulator deflection angle, the method includes:
and when the deflection angle of the insulator exceeds a preset reference value, outputting early warning information.
In a second aspect, an insulator deflection angle measuring device is provided, which includes:
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring a scattered light signal acquired by the sensing optical fiber;
the signal analysis module is used for analyzing and processing the scattered light signals to obtain incident light frequency data and scattered light frequency data;
and the deflection angle calculation module is used for substituting the incident light frequency data and the scattered light frequency data into an insulator deflection angle calculation formula to calculate and obtain an insulator deflection angle.
In a third aspect, an insulator deflection angle measuring system is provided, which comprises a laser light source, a sensing optical fiber, a coupler, a light detector and a main controller;
the laser light source is connected with the sensing optical fiber through the coupler and used for providing a measuring optical signal; the sensing optical fiber is arranged in the insulator core rod, and the optical detector is connected with the sensing optical fiber through the coupler and is used for collecting scattered light signals of the sensing optical fiber; and the main controller is connected with the optical detector and is used for measuring the deflection angle of the insulator according to the method.
According to the insulator deflection angle measuring method, the insulator deflection angle can be calculated by acquiring the scattered light signals acquired by the sensing optical fiber arranged in the insulator core rod, analyzing and processing the scattered light signals to obtain incident light frequency data and scattered light frequency data, and substituting the obtained data into an insulator deflection angle calculation formula. Therefore, the deflection angle of the insulator can be measured only by implanting the sensing optical fiber into the insulator core rod without exposing any active device in a severe environment, the influence of external interference is not easy to be caused, and the reliability is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for measuring an insulator deflection angle according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for measuring an insulator deflection angle according to another embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an example of analyzing a relationship between strain of an insulator core rod and an incident light frequency, a scattering light frequency, and a strain proportionality coefficient of a sensing fiber to obtain an expression of strain of the insulator core rod;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the stress of the insulator during windage yaw in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an insulator deflection angle measuring apparatus;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an insulator deflection angle measuring apparatus according to another embodiment;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an insulator deflection angle measuring system in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the present application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
It will be understood that, as used herein, the terms "first," "second," and the like may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be connected to the other element through intervening elements. In addition, "connection" in the following embodiments is understood to mean "optical-electrical connection", "optical connection", or the like if there is transfer of optical signals or data between the connected objects.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises/comprising," "includes" or "including," etc., specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Also, as used in this specification, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.
As described above, the suspended insulator string of the power grid line will have windage yaw phenomenon in the strong wind weather, which affects the safe operation of the power grid. Therefore, the measured data of the insulator deflection angle can be used for assisting in evaluating the operation condition of the power grid. In addition, the icing of the power transmission line is easy to cause the icing disaster of the power grid, and the deflection angle of the insulator is one important parameter when the icing thickness of the lead is monitored and calculated. Therefore, the drift angle of the insulator can be accurately measured in real time in the weather of ice and snow disasters, an important promotion effect is achieved on monitoring the icing state of the power transmission line, and the method is one of important links for building a strong smart power grid.
In an embodiment, referring to fig. 1, a method for measuring an insulator deflection angle is provided, which includes steps S100, S200, and S700.
Step S100: and acquiring a scattered light signal acquired by the photosensitive fiber.
Wherein the insulator comprises a composite insulator. The sensing optical fiber is arranged in the insulator core rod, and then when the insulator core rod generates a deflection angle, the sensing optical fiber is bent along with the deflection angle. And the bending of the sensing fiber can cause the change of the scattered light signal in the sensing fiber. That is, the change of the scattered light signal in the sensing fiber can be used for representing the deflection angle of the insulator core rod. Wherein the scattered light signals comprise Rayleigh scattered light signals. Specifically, after the light signal of the sensing optical fiber is collected by the optical detector, the light signal is converted into an electrical signal, and then the main controller acquires the scattered light signal converted into the electrical signal. The method for acquiring the scattered light signal by the main controller may be active extraction or passive reception, and in short, the specific method for acquiring the scattered light signal by the main controller is not limited in this embodiment.
Step S200: and analyzing and processing the scattered light signals to obtain incident light frequency data and scattered light frequency data.
Specifically, after the scattered light signal is analyzed, a distribution diagram of the signal in the frequency domain can be obtained, and the incident light frequency data and the scattered light frequency data can be obtained from the distribution diagram.
Step S700: and substituting the incident light frequency data and the scattered light frequency data into an insulator deflection angle calculation formula to calculate to obtain an insulator deflection angle.
The insulator drift angle calculation formula is derived according to the stress strain relation of the insulator core rod, and represents the corresponding relation between the incident light frequency, the scattering light frequency and the insulator drift angle. And substituting the incident light frequency data and the scattered light frequency data into an insulator deflection angle calculation formula to calculate the insulator deflection angle.
According to the insulator deflection angle measuring method, the insulator deflection angle can be calculated by acquiring the scattered light signals acquired by the sensing optical fiber arranged in the insulator core rod, analyzing and processing the scattered light signals to obtain incident light frequency data and scattered light frequency data, and substituting the obtained data into an insulator deflection angle calculation formula. Therefore, the deflection angle of the insulator can be measured only by implanting the sensing optical fiber into the insulator core rod without exposing any active device in a severe environment, the influence of external interference is not easy to cause, and the reliability is high.
In an embodiment, referring to fig. 2, before S700, the method further includes steps S400 to S600.
Step S400: and analyzing the relation between the strain of the insulator core rod and the incident light frequency, the scattering light frequency and the strain proportion coefficient of the sensing optical fiber to obtain an expression of the strain of the insulator core rod.
The strain proportionality coefficient refers to a frequency shift proportion of an optical signal transmitted in the sensing optical fiber and a proportionality coefficient corresponding to strain. Specifically, an expression of the strain epsilon of the insulator core rod can be obtained according to the relationship among the incident light frequency, the scattered light frequency and the strain proportionality coefficient of the sensing optical fiber.
Step S500: and analyzing the relation between the stress of the insulator core rod and the deflection angle of the insulator and the structural shape of the insulator core rod to obtain an expression of the stress of the insulator core rod.
It can be understood that when the insulator is deviated, the maximum stress of the section of the insulator core rod changes along with the deviation, and the larger the deviation angle is, the larger the maximum stress of the section is. According to the structural shape of the insulator core rod, the sectional shape of the insulator core rod can be determined, and then the sectional inertia moment expression of the insulator core rod is determined. According to the deflection angle of the insulator, the stress of the insulator core rod in the direction perpendicular to the symmetry axis of the core rod can be determined, and then a bending moment expression of the insulator core rod is determined. And analyzing the relation between the stress of the insulator core rod and the section moment of inertia and the bending moment according to the moment of inertia expression and the bending moment expression, and obtaining the expression of the stress sigma of the insulator core rod.
Step S600: and analyzing the relation of the stress strain of the insulator core rod according to the stress expression and the strain expression of the insulator core rod to obtain a calculation formula of the deflection angle of the insulator.
According to a stress-strain formula, the relation between the stress sigma and the stress epsilon of the insulator core rod is as follows:
σ＝E*ε (1)
wherein E is the elastic modulus of the insulator core rod.
And (3) substituting the stress expression and the strain expression into the formula (1) to obtain a calculation formula of the deflection angle theta of the insulator.
In the embodiment, the calculation formula of the deflection angle of the insulator is obtained by constructing the expression of the stress and the strain of the core rod of the insulator and according to the stress-strain relation, so that the accuracy of calculation of the deflection angle of the insulator is improved.
In an embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 2, before step S400, step S300 is further included.
Step S300: and calculating the strain proportionality coefficient of the sensing optical fiber according to the incident light frequency data and the scattered light frequency data of the sensing optical fiber under different strains. It is understood that steps S300 to S600 may be performed before step S100, after step S200, or simultaneously with step S100 and step S200.
The strain proportionality coefficient refers to a proportionality coefficient between a frequency shift proportion and a corresponding strain of an optical signal transmitted in the sensing optical fiber. Specifically, when the sensing fiber is strained, the frequency of scattered light of the transmitted optical signal will change. According to the incident light frequency data and the scattered light frequency data of the sensing optical fiber under different strains, frequency shift data of the sensing optical fiber under different strains can be obtained. The ratio of the frequency shift data to the corresponding scattered light frequency data is the frequency shift ratio. According to the frequency shift proportion of the sensing optical fiber under different strains, the linear relation between the frequency shift proportion and the strain amount is solved by adopting a least square method, and then the strain proportion coefficient K can be obtained ε 。
In the above embodiment, according to the frequency shift proportion of the sensing optical fiber under different strains, the linear relationship between the frequency shift proportion and the strain amount is solved by using the least square method, and the strain proportion coefficient is obtained by calculation, so that the error of the strain proportion coefficient can be reduced, and the accuracy of the insulator deflection angle measurement result is improved.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, step S400 includes step S410 and step S420.
Step S410: and calculating the frequency shift quantity of the scattered light of the sensing optical fiber according to the incident light frequency and the scattered light frequency of the sensing optical fiber.
The frequency shift quantity deltav of the sensing optical fiber is the difference value of the frequency of the scattered light and the frequency of the incident light.
Step S420: and obtaining an expression of the strain of the insulator core rod according to the frequency of the scattered light of the sensing optical fiber, the frequency shift quantity of the scattered light and the strain proportion coefficient.
According to the definition of the strain proportionality coefficient, the expression of the strain of the insulator core rod is as follows:
where Δ v is the frequency shift, v is the scattered light frequency, K ε Is the strain proportionality coefficient of the sensing fiber.
In the above embodiment, the frequency shift amount of the scattered light of the sensing optical fiber is calculated according to the incident light frequency and the scattered light frequency of the sensing optical fiber; and then, obtaining an expression of the strain of the insulator core rod according to the scattered light frequency, the scattered light frequency shift quantity and the strain proportion coefficient of the sensing optical fiber, so that the accuracy of the strain expression of the insulator core rod can be improved, and the accuracy of the insulator deflection angle measuring result is further improved.
In one embodiment, the insulator core rod is a cylinder, and according to the structural shape of the insulator core rod, the expression of the section moment of inertia I of the insulator core rod is obtained as follows:
in the formula (3), d is the diameter of the insulator core rod.
As shown in fig. 4, the sensing fiber 1 is built in the core rod of the insulator 2. The core rod of the insulator is of a rigid rod structure, the tension G borne by the high-voltage end of the insulator 2 is related to the weight of the insulator and the weight of a lead at the lower end of the insulator, and the tension G can be determined according to the laying condition of a power grid. According to the moment equal to the product of the force and the moment arm, the expression of the bending moment M of the component force of the pulling force G vertical to the symmetric axis of the core rod can be obtained as follows:
M＝GLsinθ (4)
in the formula (4), L is the distance between the high-voltage end of the insulator and the top connecting end of the insulator, and θ is the deflection angle between the insulator and the vertical direction.
When the bending is pure, the relationship between the normal stress of a certain point of the section and the bending moment and the inertia moment is as follows:
in the equation (5), x is the distance between the point and the center of the cross section, and taking the case that the sensing fiber is placed on the surface of the insulator core rod as an example, in this case:
x＝d/2 (6)
analyzing the relation between the stress of the insulator core rod and the section moment of inertia and the bending moment according to the moment of inertia expression and the bending moment expression, and combining the expressions (3) to (6), wherein the expression of the stress sigma of the insulator core rod can be obtained as follows:
further, as described above, the relationship between the strain of the insulator core rod and the incident light frequency, the scattered light frequency and the strain proportionality coefficient of the sensing fiber is analyzed, and the expression of the strain of the insulator core rod is obtained as shown in formula (2).
When the insulator core rod is a cylinder, analyzing the relation between the stress of the insulator core rod and the deflection angle of the insulator and the structural shape of the insulator core rod, and obtaining the stress of the insulator core rod, wherein the expression is as follows:
according to the stress-strain formula, the relation between the stress sigma and the stress epsilon of the insulator core rod is shown as the formula (1).
Substituting the above equations (2) and (7) into equation (1) can obtain the equation for calculating the deflection angle of the insulator in one embodiment, which is:
in the above embodiment, taking the case of the insulator mandrel being a cylinder as an example, a calculation formula of the insulator deflection angle is obtained through analysis, and when the insulator deflection angle is measured, the insulator deflection angle data can be obtained only by substituting the acquired data into the formula, so that the measurement speed in the actual use process can be improved, the time delay is reduced, and timely measures can be taken according to specific situations.
In one embodiment, after step S700, step S800 is further included: and outputting the calculation result of the deflection angle of the insulator.
It can be understood that the larger the calculated numerical value of the deflection angle of the insulator is, that is, the larger the included angle between the suspended insulator string of the power grid line and the vertical direction is, the larger the deformation of the insulator is, and the higher the danger degree of the power grid is. And outputting the calculation result of the insulator deflection angle, wherein the calculation result can be directly output to a display or a terminal for displaying, or can be uploaded to a server, and the calculation result of the insulator deflection angle is obtained after the calculation result is downloaded by the terminal. In short, the present embodiment does not limit the output method and the output target of the calculation result of the insulator drift angle.
In the above embodiment, after the insulator deflection angle is obtained through calculation, the calculation result of the insulator deflection angle is output, so that the worker can conveniently obtain the information of the insulator deflection angle in real time, and subsequent work arrangement is facilitated.
In one embodiment, after step S700, step S900 is further included: and when the deflection angle of the insulator exceeds a preset reference value, outputting early warning information.
Specifically, a reference value of the insulator deflection angle may be preset, and the reference value may be one or more. When the reference value is one, when the calculated deflection angle of the insulator exceeds the reference value, the deflection angle of the insulator is larger at the moment, the power grid is in a dangerous state, and at the moment, the main controller outputs early warning information. The main controller can send the early warning information to the signal lamp and/or the buzzer, and the signal lamp and/or the buzzer generate the early warning signal to give an alarm. The early warning signal can be sound, light or a combination of sound and light. The main controller can also send the early warning information to the display, and the display displays the early warning information. The main controller can send the early warning information to a terminal, and the terminal can be a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone and a tablet and can also be an upper computer. When the reference values are multiple, the multiple reference values can be combined pairwise to form multiple reference intervals, and the main controller outputs different early warning signals according to different intervals where the calculation results are located. For example, when the calculation result of the deflection angle of the insulator is greater than the maximum reference value, an emergency early warning signal is output; and when the calculation result of the deflection angle of the insulator is between the minimum reference value and the second minimum reference value, outputting a continuously concerned early warning signal. In short, the embodiment does not limit the manner in which the main controller outputs the warning information and the specific content of the warning information.
In the above embodiment, after the insulator deflection angle is obtained through calculation, when the insulator deflection angle exceeds the preset reference value, the early warning information is output, so that the worker can conveniently process the insulator deflection angle according to the early warning information, advance deployment of coping measures is facilitated, and accident influence is reduced.
In one embodiment, a method for measuring an insulator windage yaw angle is applied to measurement of a composite insulator windage yaw angle, and the method specifically comprises the following processes:
the relationship between stress sigma and stress epsilon of the composite insulator core rod is known as follows:
σ＝E*ε (1)
according to the relationship between the frequency v and the frequency shift delta v of scattered light of a sensing optical fiber in the composite insulator and the strain epsilon of the composite insulator core rod, the strain expression of the composite insulator core rod is obtained as follows:
in the formula K ε Is the fiber strain proportionality coefficient.
The composite insulator core rod is a cylinder, so the section inertia moment I of the central shaft of the core rod is as follows:
in the formula (3), d is the diameter of the insulator core rod.
The core rod of the composite insulator is regarded as a rigid rod structure, the high-voltage end is subjected to a tension G, when the deflection angle between the composite insulator and the vertical direction is theta, the component force of the tension G perpendicular to the symmetry axis of the core rod is Gsin theta, L is set as the distance between the high-voltage end of the insulator and the top connecting end of the insulator, and the expression of the bending moment M for obtaining the component force of the L perpendicular to the symmetry axis of the core rod is as follows:
M＝GLsinθ (4)
according to the normal stress formula, when the bending can be carried out in a pure bending mode, the relationship between the normal stress of a certain point of the section and the bending moment and the inertia moment is as follows:
in the formula (5), x is the distance between the point and the center of the cross section, taking the case that the sensing fiber is placed on the surface of the insulator core rod as an example, in this case:
x＝d/2 (6)
analyzing the relation between the stress of the insulator core rod and the section moment of inertia according to an inertia moment expression and a bending moment expression, wherein the expressions of the stress large sigma are as follows in combination of expressions (3) - (6):
substituting the formula (2) and the formula (7) into the formula (1) to obtain a calculation formula of the wind deflection angle of the composite insulator, wherein the formula is as follows:
and (3) acquiring scattered light signals acquired by the sensing optical fiber, analyzing and processing the scattered light signals to obtain incident light frequency data and scattered light frequency data of the composite insulator, obtaining frequency shift data according to the incident light frequency data and the scattered light frequency data, and substituting the scattered light frequency data and the frequency shift data into a formula (8) to obtain wind deflection angle data of the composite insulator.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts related to the above embodiments are shown in sequence as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily executed in sequence as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and described, and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Moreover, at least a part of steps in each flowchart related to the above embodiments may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of performing the sub-steps or the stages is not necessarily performed in sequence, but may be performed alternately or alternatively with other steps or at least a part of the sub-steps or the stages of other steps.
In an embodiment, please refer to fig. 5, which provides an insulator deflection angle measuring apparatus, including a signal obtaining module 100, a signal analyzing module 200, and a deflection angle calculating module 700. The signal acquisition module 100 is configured to acquire a scattered light signal acquired by sensing optical fibers; the signal analysis module 200 is configured to analyze the scattered light signal to obtain incident light frequency data and scattered light frequency data; and the deflection angle calculation module 700 is configured to substitute the incident light frequency data and the scattered light frequency data into an insulator deflection angle calculation formula to calculate an insulator deflection angle.
In an embodiment, referring to fig. 6, another insulator deflection angle measuring apparatus is provided, which further includes a strain expression building module 400, a stress expression building module 500, and a deflection angle formula building module 600. The strain expression building module 400 is configured to analyze a relationship between strain of the insulator core rod and an incident light frequency, a scattering light frequency, and a strain proportionality coefficient of the sensing optical fiber to obtain an expression of strain of the insulator core rod; the stress expression building module 500 is used for analyzing the relationship between the stress of the insulator core rod and the deflection angle of the insulator and the structural shape of the insulator core rod to obtain an expression of the stress of the insulator core rod; the deflection angle formula building module 600 is configured to analyze a relationship between stress and strain of the insulator core rod according to the stress expression and the strain expression of the insulator core rod, so as to obtain a calculation formula of the insulator deflection angle.
In one embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 6, the insulator deflection angle measuring apparatus further includes a strain proportionality coefficient calculating module 300, configured to: and calculating the strain proportionality coefficient of the sensing optical fiber according to the incident light frequency data and the scattered light frequency data of the sensing optical fiber under different strains.
In one embodiment, strain expression building module 400 is specifically configured to: calculating the frequency shift quantity of the scattered light of the sensing optical fiber according to the incident light frequency and the scattered light frequency of the sensing optical fiber; and obtaining an expression of the strain of the insulator core rod according to the frequency of the scattered light of the sensing optical fiber, the frequency shift quantity of the scattered light and the strain proportion coefficient.
In an embodiment, please continue to refer to fig. 6, the insulator deflection angle measuring apparatus further includes a result output module 800 for outputting a calculation result of the insulator deflection angle.
In an embodiment, please continue to refer to fig. 6, the result output module 800 is further configured to output the warning information when the insulator deflection angle exceeds the preset reference value.
For specific definition of the insulator deflection angle measuring device, reference may be made to the above definition of the insulator deflection angle measuring method, and details are not described here. All or part of each module in the insulator deflection angle measuring device can be realized through software, hardware and combination thereof. The modules can be embedded in a hardware form or independent from a processor in the computer device, and can also be stored in a memory in the computer device in a software form, so that the processor can call and execute operations corresponding to the modules.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 7, an insulator deflection angle measuring system is provided, which includes a laser light source 10, a coupler 20, a sensing fiber 30, a light detector 40, and a main controller 50. The laser light source is connected with the sensing optical fiber through the coupler and used for providing a measuring optical signal; the sensing optical fiber is arranged in the insulator core rod, and the optical detector is connected with the sensing optical fiber through the coupler and is used for collecting scattered light signals of the sensing optical fiber; the main controller is connected with the optical detector and is used for measuring the deflection angle of the insulator according to the method in any one of the embodiments.
Specifically, the laser light source comprises a tunable light source, and a measuring light signal emitted by the laser light source reaches the sensing optical fiber through the coupler and reaches the insulator core rod after being transmitted by the sensing optical fiber. The end of the sensing optical fiber is scattered, and the scattered light is transmitted along the sensing optical fiber to reach the optical detector through the coupler. After the light detector collects the scattered light signals of the sensing optical fiber, the signals are converted into electric signals and sent to the main controller, and the main controller processes the signals to obtain incident light frequency data and scattered light frequency data. And substituting the incident light frequency data and the scattered light frequency data into an insulator deflection angle calculation formula to calculate the insulator deflection angle. Further, an isolator can be added between the laser light source and the coupler to avoid the scattered light from damaging the laser.
Furthermore, the sensing optical fiber comprises a first sensing optical fiber and a second sensing optical fiber, wherein the first sensing optical fiber is arranged in a reference insulator core rod in the measurement main station, and reference scattered light is formed after scattering; the second sensing optical fiber is arranged in an insulator core rod to be measured in a power grid system, measurement scattered light is formed after scattering, and the frequency of the measurement scattered light is the frequency of the scattered light. At this time, the scattered light signal detected by the photodetector is an interference light signal of the reference scattered light and the measurement scattered light. The interference signal is processed to obtain incident light frequency data and scattered light frequency data. And substituting the incident light frequency data and the scattered light frequency data into an insulator deflection angle calculation formula to calculate the insulator deflection angle.
According to the insulator deflection angle measuring system, any active device is not required to be exposed in a severe environment, the sensing optical fiber is only required to be implanted into the insulator core rod, the measurement of the insulator deflection angle can be completed, the influence of external interference is not easily caused, and the reliability is high.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above examples only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these are all within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of insulator deflection angle measurement, the method comprising:
acquiring a scattered light signal acquired by a sensing optical fiber; the sensing optical fiber is arranged in the insulator core rod;
analyzing and processing the scattered light signals to obtain incident light frequency data and scattered light frequency data;
substituting the incident light frequency data and the scattered light frequency data into an insulator deflection angle calculation formula to calculate to obtain an insulator deflection angle; the insulator drift angle calculation formula is derived according to the stress strain relation of the insulator core rod, and represents the corresponding relation of incident light frequency, scattering light frequency and insulator drift angle;
before substituting the incident light frequency data and the scattered light frequency data into an insulator deflection angle calculation formula and calculating to obtain an insulator deflection angle, the method further comprises the following steps:
analyzing the relation between the strain of the insulator core rod and the incident light frequency, the scattering light frequency and the strain proportion coefficient of the sensing optical fiber to obtain an expression of the strain of the insulator core rod;
analyzing the relation between the stress of the insulator core rod and the deflection angle of the insulator and the structural shape of the insulator core rod to obtain an expression of the stress of the insulator core rod;
and analyzing the relation of the stress and the strain of the insulator core rod according to the stress expression and the strain expression of the insulator core rod to obtain a calculation formula of the deflection angle of the insulator.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein before analyzing the relationship between the strain of the insulator core rod and the incident light frequency, the scattered light frequency and the strain proportionality coefficient of the sensing fiber to obtain the expression of the strain of the insulator core rod, the method further comprises:
and calculating the strain proportionality coefficient of the sensing optical fiber according to the incident light frequency data and the scattered light frequency data of the sensing optical fiber under different strains.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the analyzing the relationship between the strain of the insulator core rod and the incident light frequency, the scattered light frequency and the strain proportionality coefficient of the sensing fiber to obtain the expression of the strain of the insulator core rod comprises:
calculating to obtain the frequency shift quantity of the scattered light of the sensing optical fiber according to the incident light frequency and the scattered light frequency of the sensing optical fiber;
and obtaining an expression of the strain of the insulator core rod according to the scattered light frequency, the scattered light frequency shift quantity and the strain proportionality coefficient of the sensing optical fiber.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the insulator mandrel is a cylinder, and the stress of the insulator mandrel is obtained by the expression:
in the formula, G is the tension applied to the high-voltage end of the insulator, L is the distance between the high-voltage end of the insulator and the connecting end at the top of the insulator, theta is the deflection angle between the insulator and the vertical direction, and d is the diameter of the insulator mandrel.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the formula for calculating the insulator deflection angle is:
wherein E is the elastic modulus of the insulator core rod, deltav is the difference between the incident light frequency and the scattered light frequency, and K ε And the strain proportionality coefficient of the sensing optical fiber is shown.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein after the calculating the insulator deflection angle, further comprising:
and outputting the calculation result of the deflection angle of the insulator.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein after calculating the insulator deflection angle, the method comprises:
and when the deflection angle of the insulator exceeds a preset reference value, outputting early warning information.
8. An insulator deflection angle measuring device, comprising:
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring a scattered light signal acquired by the sensing optical fiber;
the signal analysis module is used for analyzing and processing the scattered light signals to obtain incident light frequency data and scattered light frequency data;
the deflection angle calculation module is used for substituting the incident light frequency data and the scattered light frequency data into an insulator deflection angle calculation formula to calculate and obtain an insulator deflection angle;
the strain expression building module is used for analyzing the relationship between the strain of the insulator core rod and the incident light frequency, the scattering light frequency and the strain proportion coefficient of the sensing optical fiber to obtain an expression of the strain of the insulator core rod;
the stress expression building module is used for analyzing the relation between the stress of the insulator core rod and the deflection angle of the insulator and the structural shape of the insulator core rod to obtain an expression of the stress of the insulator core rod;
and the deflection angle formula building module is used for analyzing the relation of the stress and the strain of the insulator core rod according to the stress expression and the strain expression of the insulator core rod to obtain a calculation formula of the insulator deflection angle.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, further comprising: and the strain proportionality coefficient calculation module is used for calculating the strain proportionality coefficient of the sensing optical fiber according to the incident light frequency data and the scattered light frequency data of the sensing optical fiber under different strains.
10. An insulator deflection angle measuring system is characterized by comprising a laser light source, a sensing optical fiber, a coupler, an optical detector and a main controller;
the laser light source is connected with the sensing optical fiber through the coupler and used for providing a measuring optical signal; the sensing optical fiber is arranged in the insulator core rod, and the optical detector is connected with the sensing optical fiber through the coupler and is used for collecting a scattered light signal of the sensing optical fiber; the main controller is connected with the optical detector and is used for measuring the deflection angle of the insulator according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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