CN112484613A - Coaxiality and symmetry detection method - Google Patents
Coaxiality and symmetry detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112484613A CN112484613A CN202011375345.7A CN202011375345A CN112484613A CN 112484613 A CN112484613 A CN 112484613A CN 202011375345 A CN202011375345 A CN 202011375345A CN 112484613 A CN112484613 A CN 112484613A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B5/25—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B5/252—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes for measuring eccentricity, i.e. lateral shift between two parallel axes
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for detecting coaxiality and symmetry, belongs to the technical field of coaxiality and symmetry detection, and solves the problem that a method for detecting the coaxiality and symmetry of a stepped hole of a folded rudder is not available in the prior art. The coaxiality and symmetry detection method comprises a coaxiality detection method and a symmetry detection method, wherein the coaxiality detection method comprises the following steps: inserting a first detection section of the positioning frame into a first hole of the folded rudder, wherein the coaxiality of the first detection section needs to be checked; inserting a second detection section of the positioning shaft into a second hole of the folded rudder, wherein the coaxiality of the second hole needs to be checked; inserting the matching section of the positioning frame into an internal cavity corresponding to the second detection section on the positioning shaft; if the matching section of the positioning frame is inserted into the cavity and cannot be inserted into the inner cavity, the coaxiality difference of the step holes of the folded rudders is indicated; if the matching section of the positioning frame can be inserted into the inner cavity, the coaxiality of the step holes of the folded rudders is judged. The invention realizes high-precision detection of the coaxiality and the symmetry of the stepped hole of the folded rudder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coaxiality and symmetry detection, in particular to a method for detecting coaxiality and symmetry of a step hole of a folding rudder.
Background
In order to facilitate storage and transportation of airborne guidance equipment and increase the carrying capacity of an airborne platform, the airborne guidance equipment at present widely adopts a folding control surface structure.
The folding rudder surface is divided into transverse folding and longitudinal folding according to the folding movement direction, the transverse folding rudder surface usually adopts a torsion spring as an unfolding power source, and the rudder surface is in a folding state by means of constraint of a launching cylinder wall or pin rod limiting of a pin puller as an initial lock.
Folding rudder face is by fold condition when to the expansion state to folding rudder step hole is the axis, but is equipped with smooth and easy pivoted axle class structure in it, in order to guarantee assembly devices' reachability, axle class structure is mostly the sectional type, this just requires to have higher axiality between each section, otherwise, in folding expansion process, extremely easily appear rotating the dead phenomenon of card, lead to unable expansion to target in place, influence the working property of product, consequently, the axiality in folding rudder step hole is the important index of guaranteeing rudder face working property.
Because the folded rudder stepped hole is so important, the precision requirements on the coaxiality and the symmetry of the folded rudder stepped hole are very high, but at present, a method for detecting the coaxiality of the folded rudder stepped hole and a method for detecting the symmetry of the folded rudder stepped hole are not available, and even no detection method can detect the coaxiality and the symmetry of the folded rudder stepped hole.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a method for detecting the coaxiality and the symmetry of a stepped hole of a folded rudder, which can solve at least one of the following technical problems: (1) at present, no method for detecting the coaxiality of the step holes of the folded rudder exists; (2) at present, no method for detecting the symmetry degree of a step hole of a folded rudder exists; (3) one detection method can not be realized, and not only can the coaxiality of the step holes of the folded rudders be detected, but also the symmetry of the step holes of the folded rudders can be detected.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a coaxiality and symmetry detection method for detecting the coaxiality and symmetry of a step hole of a folded rudder, which comprises the following steps of:
detecting the coaxiality of the first hole and the second hole by using a positioning frame and a positioning shaft;
if the coaxiality of the first hole and the second hole is poor, the symmetry of the third hole is not detected; if the coaxiality of the first hole and the second hole is good, the following steps are carried out:
and detecting the symmetry degree of the third hole by using the taper pin and the positioning frame.
On the basis of the scheme, the invention is further improved as follows:
based on the further improvement of the detection method, the step of detecting the coaxiality of the first hole and the second hole by using the positioning frame and the positioning shaft specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: inserting a first detection section of the positioning frame into a first hole of the folded rudder, wherein the coaxiality of the first detection section needs to be checked;
step 2: and inserting the second detection section of the positioning shaft into a second hole of the folded rudder, wherein the coaxiality of the second detection section needs to be checked.
Based on the further improvement of the detection method, the step 2 is followed by a step 3:
inserting the matching section of the positioning frame into an internal cavity corresponding to the second detection section on the positioning shaft;
if the matching section of the positioning frame is inserted into the internal cavity and cannot be inserted into the internal cavity at all, the coaxiality of the step holes of the folded rudder is poor, and the requirement is not met; if the matching section of the positioning frame can be inserted into the internal cavity, performing the following step 4;
and 4, step 4: and judging the coaxiality of the step holes of the folded rudder.
Based on the further improvement of the detection method, the step 4 comprises the following steps:
step i: checking whether the first detection section is inserted to the bottom in the first hole or not, and checking whether a gap exists between the first detection section and the end face of the first hole or not;
step ii: checking whether the second detection section is inserted to the bottom in the second hole or not, and checking whether a gap exists between the second detection section and the end face of the second hole or not;
if the first detection section can be inserted to the bottom in the first hole and the first detection section has no clearance with the end face of the first hole, and the second detection section can be inserted to the bottom in the second hole and the second detection section has no clearance with the end face of the second hole, the coaxiality of the folded rudder step hole is good.
Based on the further improvement of the detection method, the step of detecting the symmetry degree of the third hole by using the taper pin and the positioning frame comprises the following steps;
step a: aligning the groove of the positioning frame to a third hole on the folding rudder, wherein the symmetry degree of the third hole needs to be detected;
step b: inserting the taper pin into the groove of the positioning frame through the third hole;
step c: and judging the coaxiality of the step holes of the folded rudder.
Based on the further improvement of the detection method, the step c comprises the following steps:
step A: checking whether the taper pin is completely inserted into the bottom of the groove;
and B: checking whether gaps exist among the taper pin, the third hole and the positioning frame;
if the taper pin can be completely inserted into the bottom of the groove of the positioning frame and no gap exists between the taper pin and the third hole and between the taper pin and the positioning frame, the symmetry degree of the third hole of the folded rudder is good.
Based on the further improvement of the detection method, the coaxiality and the symmetry of the stepped hole of the folded rudder are detected by adopting a coaxiality and symmetry detection device.
Based on the further improvement of the detection method, before the coaxiality of the first hole and the second hole is detected by the positioning frame and the positioning shaft, the coaxiality and symmetry detection device is corrected, and the coaxiality detection correction and the symmetry detection correction are included.
Based on the further improvement of the detection method, the coaxiality detection correction comprises the following steps: the matching section of the positioning frame is inserted into the inner cavity corresponding to the second detection section of the positioning shaft, the positioning shoulder distance between the positioning frame and the positioning shaft is measured, if the measured shoulder distance is consistent with the design size, the positioning frame and the positioning shaft are indicated to meet the use requirement, and subsequent coaxiality detection can be carried out.
Based on a further improvement of the above detection method, the symmetry detection correction includes: and (3) sequentially inserting each taper pin into the groove of the positioning frame, measuring the distance between the end surface of the taper head of each taper pin and the bottom of the groove, and if the measured distance is smaller than the designed distance, indicating that the use requirement is met, and carrying out subsequent symmetry detection.
Based on the further improvement of the detection method, after the coaxiality and symmetry detection device is corrected and before the step 1, the method comprises the step of performing trial inspection on the positioning frame and the first hole, wherein the trial inspection comprises the following steps:
step I: inserting the first detection section of the positioning frame into a first hole needing to be tested for coaxiality, and adjusting the angular position of the positioning frame to enable the plane of the printing number of the positioning frame to face upwards;
step II: measuring the distance between the step surface between the first detection section and the first holding section of the positioning frame and the front end surface of the first hole, and if the measured distance is the same as the designed distance, confirming that the insertion depth of the positioning frame is consistent with the depth of the first hole; if the measured distance is larger than the designed distance, the positioning frame does not meet the use requirement, and the positioning frame cannot be used for subsequent coaxiality detection.
Based on further improvement of the detection method, after the positioning frame and the first hole are subjected to test detection and before the step 1, the method comprises the step of performing test detection on the positioning shaft and the second hole, wherein the test detection comprises the following steps:
step III: on the premise that the positioning frame meets the detection requirement, inserting a second detection section of the positioning shaft into a second hole to be tested for coaxiality, measuring the distance between a step surface between the second detection section and a second holding section of the positioning shaft and the front end surface of the second hole, and if the measured distance is the same as the designed distance, confirming that the insertion depth of the positioning shaft is the same as the depth of the second hole; if the measured distance is greater than the designed distance, the positioning shaft is not completely inserted into the second hole, the positioning shaft needs to be drawn out at the moment, the surface quality condition of the second hole is checked, and the fact that the positioning shaft is not blocked in the hole is ensured to exist.
Based on the further improvement of the detection method, the trial detection comprises the steps of inserting and extracting the first detection section of the positioning frame into and out of the first hole to be detected for coaxiality for three times, measuring the distance between the positioning frame and the end face of the first hole every time, and confirming that the insertion depth of the positioning frame is consistent with the depth of the first hole if the distance measured for three times is consistent with the designed distance.
The detection device is used for detecting the coaxiality and the symmetry of the step holes of the folded rudder and comprises a positioning frame and a positioning shaft; the positioning frame is a cylinder and comprises a matching section and a first detection section, and the first detection section is inserted into a first hole of the coaxiality to be detected; the location axle is hollow cylinder, including the second detect the section and with the second detects the inside cavity that the section corresponds, the second detects the section and inserts in waiting to examine the second hole of axiality, the cooperation section inserts in the inside cavity.
Based on the further improvement of the detection device, the detection device further comprises a symmetry detection part, the positioning frame further comprises a groove matched with the symmetry detection part, the groove is arranged on the matching section, and the symmetry detection part penetrates through a third hole to be detected for symmetry to enter the groove.
Based on the further improvement of the detection device, the symmetry degree detection part is a taper pin.
Based on the further improvement of the detection device, the positioning frame further comprises a first holding section, the matching section and the first holding section are respectively located at two ends of the positioning frame, and the first detection section is located between the matching section and the first holding section.
Based on the further improvement of the detection device, the diameters of the first holding section, the first detection section and the matching section are reduced in sequence.
Based on the further improvement of the detection device, the positioning shaft further comprises a second holding section.
Based on the further improvement of the detection device, the outer diameter of the second holding section is larger than that of the second detection section.
Based on the further improvement of the detection device, the first holding section is a handle.
Based on the further improvement of the detection device, the second holding section is a handle.
Based on the further improvement of the detection device, the handle is provided with an anti-skid part.
Based on the further improvement of the detection device, the number of the taper pins is the same as that of the holes, needing symmetry checking, on the folded rudder.
Based on the further improvement of the detection device, the taper pin is a cylinder and comprises a third detection section and a third holding section, and the third detection section penetrates through a third hole to be detected for symmetry degree to enter the groove.
Based on the further improvement of the detection device, the taper pin further comprises a transition section, and the transition section is arranged between the third detection section and the third holding section and plays roles in transition and limiting.
Based on the further improvement of the detection device, the transition section is a circular truncated cone, the end with the largest cross section diameter of the circular truncated cone is close to the third holding section side, and the end with the smallest cross section diameter of the circular truncated cone is close to the third detection section side.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize at least one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) before the coaxiality and symmetry of the stepped hole of the folded rudder are detected, the coaxiality detection mechanism (namely the positioning shaft and the positioning frame) is corrected, so that the positioning shaft and the positioning pin can meet the use requirement, and the accuracy of subsequent coaxiality detection is ensured.
(2) Before the coaxiality and symmetry of the stepped hole of the folded rudder are detected, the symmetry detection mechanism (namely the positioning frame and the taper pin) is corrected, so that the positioning frame and the taper pin can meet the use requirement, and the accuracy of subsequent symmetry detection is ensured.
(3) Before the coaxiality and symmetry of the stepped hole of the folded rudder are detected, the unqualified positioning frame is scrapped by performing trial inspection on the positioning frame and the reference hole (the first hole), so that the positioning frame for subsequent detection can meet the use requirement, and the accuracy of subsequent measurement is ensured.
(4) Before the coaxiality and symmetry of the stepped hole of the folded rudder are detected, the positioning shaft and the hole to be detected (the second hole) are tested, so that the existence of factors which easily block the insertion of the positioning shaft, such as excess materials, burrs and the like in the hole can be found in time, and the accuracy of subsequent measurement is ensured.
(5) The detection method is simple and easy to implement, and the measurement precision is high.
(6) The detection method can be used for mobile detection and is not limited by the requirements of high-precision instruments such as a three-coordinate measuring machine and the like on a fixed detection environment.
In the invention, the above technical schemes can be combined with each other to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a detection method;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a folded rudder;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a testing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a positioning frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a positioning frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a left side view of a positioning frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a right side view of a positioning frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 6;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a positioning shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a right side view of FIG. 10;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a taper pin according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a top view of FIG. 13;
fig. 15 is a bottom view of fig. 13.
Reference numerals:
1-positioning frame; 2-positioning the shaft; 3-taper pin; 4-long groove; 5-an internal cavity; 6-a holding section; 7-a mating segment; 8-detection section; 9-a transition section; 10-a reference hole; 11-a hole to be detected; 12-taper pin hole.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and which together with the embodiments of the invention serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit its scope.
Example one
Another embodiment of the invention discloses a method for detecting coaxiality and symmetry of a stepped hole of a folded rudder, as shown in fig. 1, and a structure of the folded rudder is shown in fig. 2. Specifically, the detection method comprises the following steps:
(1) product placement to be tested
Firstly, the folding rudder to be detected for coaxiality and symmetry is placed on a platform, and the bottom surface of the folding rudder is tightly attached to the platform.
(2) Coaxiality detection correction
Insert the inside cavity that the detection section 8 of location axle corresponds with the cooperation section 7 of locating frame, measure the location shoulder distance of locating frame 1 and location axle 2, if the shoulder distance that records is always with design size, then show that locating frame 1 and location axle 2 satisfy the operation requirement, can carry out follow-up axiality and detect.
(3) Symmetry detection correction
Insert each taper pin 3 in the long recess 4 of locating frame 1 in proper order, use the clearance gauge to measure the distance size of the conical head terminal surface of taper pin 3 and long recess 4 bottom, if the measurement size is less than the design size then show that satisfies the operation requirement, can carry out follow-up symmetry and detect.
(4) Trial inspection of positioning frame 1 and reference hole 10
Inserting the positioning frame 1 into a datum hole 10 needing coaxiality inspection in a product, adjusting the angular position of the positioning frame 1, ensuring that the plane of a printed part number of the positioning frame is upward, inserting and extracting the positioning frame 1 repeatedly for three times, measuring the dimension of the step surface between a detection section 8 of the positioning frame 1 and a holding section 6 of the positioning frame 1 away from the front end surface of the product datum hole 10 every time, measuring the dimension for three times to be consistent and the same as the design dimension, confirming that the insertion depth of the positioning frame 1 is consistent with the depth of the product datum hole 10, if the measurement dimensions are different, extracting the positioning frame 1 and inspecting the surface quality condition of the datum hole 10, ensuring that no insertion factors of the positioning frame 1, such as redundant objects, burrs and the like which are easy to obstruct exist in the hole, inserting the positioning frame 1 again after the inspection is correct, and measuring the dimension of the step surface between the detection section 8 of the positioning frame 1 and the holding section 6 of the positioning frame 1, if the measured dimension is the same as the designed dimension, it means that the positioning frame 1 can be used for subsequent coaxiality detection. Otherwise, the steps are required to be checked again until the detection requirement is met or the product is scrapped, and the subsequent measurement precision is ensured.
(5) Trial inspection of positioning shaft 2 and hole to be inspected 11
On the premise that the positioning frame 1 meets the detection requirement, the positioning shaft 2 is inserted into a hole 11 to be detected of which the coaxiality of a product needs to be detected, the step surface between the detection section 8 of the positioning shaft 2 and the holding section 6 of the positioning shaft 2 is measured from the front end surface size of the hole 11 to be detected of the product, the measurement size is consistent with the design size, so that the insertion depth of the positioning shaft 2 can be confirmed to be consistent with the depth of the hole 11 to be detected of the product, the positioning shaft 2 is completely inserted into the positioning hole of the positioning frame 1, if the measurement size is larger than the design size, the positioning shaft 2 is not completely inserted into the hole 11 to be detected, the positioning shaft 2 needs to be pulled out at the moment, the surface quality condition of the hole 11 to be detected is checked, and the existence of easily-hindered positioning shaft 2 insertion factors.
(6) Product coaxiality detection
The positioning shaft 2 is inserted again, the distance between the detection section 8 of the positioning shaft 2 and the holding section 6 of the positioning shaft 2 and the front end face of the hole 11 to be measured of the product is measured, if the measured distance is still smaller than the design size, the coaxiality between the hole 11 to be measured and the reference hole 10 does not meet the design requirements, subsequent symmetry measurement can be omitted, if the measured distance is consistent with the design size, the positioning shaft 2 needs to be inserted in a reciprocating mode and pulled out three times, the distance between the detection section 8 of the positioning shaft 2 and the holding section 6 of the positioning shaft 2 and the front end face of the hole 11 to be measured of the product is required to be measured each time, after the measured distances are consistent for three times, the distance between the positioning frame 1 and the front end face of the high-yield product reference hole 10 needs to be checked, and if the measured distances are the same as the design sizes, the coaxiality between the hole 11 to be measured and the. If the size is larger than the designed size, the positioning shaft 2 is pushed out of the reference hole 10 from the positioning frame 1 in the process of being inserted into the hole to be measured 11, at the moment, the insertion depth of the positioning frame 1 and the positioning shaft 2 needs to be corrected again according to the steps, and the coaxiality of the hole to be measured 11 and the reference hole 10 needs to be measured again.
(7) Product symmetry detection
Under the premise that the coaxiality of the hole to be measured 11 and the reference hole 10 meets the design requirements, the angular position of the positioning frame 1 is adjusted, the position of the long groove 4 of the positioning frame 1 is observed from the taper pin holes 12 to be measured at three positions of the product, the position of the long groove 4 of the positioning frame 1 is roughly adjusted by visual observation to be aligned to the taper pin hole 42, the symmetry of the product needs to be checked, the taper pin 3 is inserted into the taper pin hole 12 of the product close to one side of the positioning frame 1 at the moment, the distance between the taper head end face of the taper pin 3 and the upper surface of the product is measured, and if the measured. If the measured size is still larger than the designed size, the symmetry degree of the taper pin hole 12 to be measured at the position does not meet the design requirement, and the symmetry degree detection of the residual taper pin hole can be omitted. Otherwise, indicating that the insertion depth of the taper pin meets the use requirement, sequentially inserting the taper pins at the rest holes on the premise of keeping the taper pin at the position to be stably inserted into the taper pin hole 12, and detecting the symmetry of the taper pin hole 12 according to the steps, wherein the taper pins at all positions are inserted in place, so that the product can meet the design requirement of the symmetry, and if any one taper pin hole cannot be completely inserted in place, the product cannot meet the design requirement of the symmetry.
And at this point, the coaxiality and symmetry of the product are checked.
Compared with the prior art, the detection method disclosed by the invention can realize at least one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) before the coaxiality and symmetry of the stepped hole of the folded rudder are detected, the coaxiality detection mechanism (namely the positioning shaft and the positioning frame) is corrected, so that the positioning shaft and the positioning pin can meet the use requirement, and the accuracy of subsequent coaxiality detection is ensured.
(2) Before the coaxiality and symmetry of the stepped hole of the folded rudder are detected, the symmetry detection mechanism (namely the positioning frame and the taper pin) is corrected, so that the positioning frame and the taper pin can meet the use requirement, and the accuracy of subsequent symmetry detection is ensured.
(3) Before the coaxiality and symmetry of the stepped hole of the folded rudder are detected, the unqualified positioning frame is scrapped by performing trial inspection on the positioning frame and the reference hole (the first hole), so that the positioning frame for subsequent detection can meet the use requirement, and the accuracy of subsequent measurement is ensured.
(4) Before the coaxiality and symmetry of the stepped hole of the folded rudder are detected, the positioning shaft and the hole to be detected (the second hole) are tested, so that the existence of factors which easily block the insertion of the positioning shaft, such as excess materials, burrs and the like in the hole can be found in time, and the accuracy of subsequent measurement is ensured.
(5) The detection method is simple and easy to implement, and the measurement precision is high.
(6) The detection method can be used for mobile detection and is not limited by the requirements of high-precision instruments such as a three-coordinate measuring machine and the like on a fixed detection environment.
Example two
An embodiment of the invention discloses a device for detecting coaxiality and symmetry of a stepped hole of a folded rudder, which is shown in fig. 5-9, and the structure of the folded rudder is shown in fig. 2. The detection device comprises a positioning frame 1, a positioning shaft 2 and a taper pin 3. The positioning frame 1 is a cylinder having a certain length, for example, 517 mm. The positioning frame 1 comprises a holding section 6, a matching section 7 and a detection section 8, wherein the matching section 7 and the holding section 6 are respectively positioned at two ends of the positioning frame 1, and the detection section 8 is positioned between the matching section 7 and the holding section 6. The gripping section 6, the detection section 8 and the mating section 7 are successively reduced in diameter, as shown in fig. 5, 6 and 9.
During the in-service use, during the hole that detects section 8 and insert the coaxiality that needs to examine, cooperation section 7 realized the axle with the cooperation of cover in inserting the internal cavity (being the hole of the detection section of location axle 2) 5 that the detection section 8 of location axle 2 corresponds.
Since the diameter of the holding section is larger than that of the detection section, as shown in fig. 5, 6 and 9, the holding section can play a limiting role. The size of the detection section 8 needs to be matched with the size of a hole needing to be checked for coaxiality, and the size of the matching section 7 is matched with the size of the inner cavity 5 corresponding to the detection section of the positioning shaft 2, as shown in fig. 10. For example, the size of the detection section 8 is
The size of the fitting section 7 is
In one possible embodiment, the gripping section is a handle, 46mm in diameter and 100mm in length.
In order to facilitate holding, the handle is provided with a non-slip part. In a possible embodiment, the anti-slip part may be a knurled mesh obtained by knurling the handle, as shown in fig. 5, or a protrusion provided on the handle, or a rubber sleeve sleeved on the handle. Of course, the anti-skid device can also be other structures which can be conveniently held and can play a role in skid resistance.
In order to realize the detection of the coaxiality, in another possible embodiment, the detection device further comprises a taper pin 3, and a long groove 4 is arranged on a matching section 7 of the positioning frame 1, and the position of the long groove 4 is aligned with a hole to be checked for the symmetry on the folded rudder. In actual use, the taper pin 3 is inserted into the bottom of the long groove 4.
The number of the taper pins 3 is generally the same as the number of holes for checking symmetry in the folded rudder. The number of taper pins 3 is illustratively 3.
The positioning shaft 2 is described in detail below with reference to fig. 10-12.
The positioning shaft 2 is a hollow cylinder with a length of 287mm and comprises a detection section 8 and a holding section 6. In practical use, the detection section 8 is inserted into a hole to be inspected for coaxiality, and the outer diameter of the detection section 8 needs to be matched with the size of the hole to be inspected for coaxiality. For example, the detection section 8 has an outer diameter of 37.97(0, -0.011) mm and a length of 187 mm. Inner diameter of the detection section is
The length is 287 mm.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the outer diameter of the holding section 6 is larger than that of the detecting section 8, and the detecting section 8 can play a role in limiting when inserted into a hole to be tested for coaxiality.
In a possible embodiment, the gripping section 6 is a handle, 46mm in diameter and 100mm in length.
In order to facilitate holding, the handle is arranged in an anti-skid mode. In one possible embodiment, the anti-slip arrangement may be a knurling process on the handle, as shown in fig. 8.
The taper pin 3 will be described in detail with reference to fig. 13 to 15.
The taper pin 3 is a cylinder with the length of 68mm, and comprises a detection section 8, a holding section 6 and a transition section 9. The detection section 8 and the holding section 6 are respectively positioned at two ends of the positioning frame 1, and the transition section 9 is positioned between the detection section 8 and the holding section 6. When detecting the symmetry, the detection section of the taper pin 3 is completely inserted into the bottom of the long groove 4.
In a possible embodiment, the gripping section 6 is a handle, with a diameter of 12mm and a length of 50 mm. The size of the transition section 9 of the taper pin 3 is matched with the size of the long groove 4 in the positioning frame 1, and the symmetry degree of the taper hole of the step hole of the folded rudder is checked. Illustratively, the transition section 9 has a size of
In order to facilitate holding, the handle is arranged in an anti-skid mode. For example, the anti-slip arrangement may be a knurling process on the handle as shown in fig. 13.
The transition section 9 is in a truncated cone shape, and one end of the truncated cone with the largest cross-sectional diameter (hereinafter referred to as a cone tail end surface) is close to the holding section 6 side, and one end of the truncated cone with the smallest cross-sectional diameter (hereinafter referred to as a cone head end surface) is close to the detection section 8 side. Through the design, the detection section 8 of the taper pin 3 can be completely inserted into the bottom of the long groove 4 to play a limiting role.
It should be noted that the coaxiality of the stepped holes of the folded rudder can be proved to be good when the following three conditions are satisfied simultaneously:
(1) the detection section of the positioning frame 1 is inserted into a hole of the folded rudder, wherein the coaxiality of the hole needs to be detected, is inserted to the bottom and has no clearance with the end face of the hole;
(2) the detection section of the positioning shaft 2 is inserted into a hole of the folded rudder, which needs to be checked for coaxiality, inserted to the bottom and has no clearance with the end face of the hole;
(3) the matching section of the positioning frame 1 is inserted into the inner cavity 5 corresponding to the detection section of the positioning shaft 2.
The symmetry of the folded rudder stepped bore can be proven to be good when the following conditions are simultaneously met:
(1) the taper pins 3 are all completely inserted into the bottoms of the long grooves 4 of the positioning frame 1;
(2) and no gap is reserved between each conical pin 3 and the step hole and between each conical pin and the positioning frame 1.
It should be noted that, if one of the taper pins fails to satisfy both of the above conditions, the degree of symmetry of the stepped hole proves to be insufficient.
Fig. 3 and 4 show the positioning frame 1 of the present embodiment and the taper pin 3 of the positioning frame 1 after the positioning frame 1 is engaged with the positioning shaft 2.
Compared with the prior art, the detection device disclosed by the invention can realize at least one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention is provided with the positioning frame and the positioning shaft, and the coaxiality of the stepped hole of the folded rudder can be detected through the matching of the shaft and the sleeve, namely the shaft of the positioning frame is inserted into the hole of the positioning shaft.
(2) The invention realizes the detection of the symmetry degree of the stepped hole of the folded rudder by arranging the long groove at the specific position (directly facing the hole to be detected) of the positioning frame and arranging the taper pin.
(3) The detection device can detect the coaxiality of the stepped holes of the folded rudders and the symmetry of the stepped holes of the folded rudders, not only realizes the breakthrough of the detection means from scratch, but also realizes the detection of the coaxiality of the stepped holes of the folded rudders and the symmetry of the stepped holes of the folded rudders by only using one detection device.
(4) The transition section of the taper pin is arranged to be in a circular truncated cone shape, the end, with the largest cross section diameter, of the circular truncated cone is arranged to be close to the holding section side, the end, with the smallest cross section diameter, of the circular truncated cone is arranged to be close to the detection section side, and the limiting effect can be achieved when the detection section of the taper pin is completely inserted into the bottom of the long groove.
(5) The diameter of the holding section of the positioning frame is set to be larger than that of the detection section, so that the positioning frame can play a role in limiting when the detection section of the positioning frame is inserted into a hole needing to be checked for coaxiality.
(6) The outer diameter of the holding section of the positioning shaft is set to be larger than that of the detection section, so that the positioning shaft can play a role in limiting when the detection section is inserted into a hole needing to be checked for coaxiality.
(7) The detection device has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation and low manufacturing cost.
(8) The detection device can be used for mobile detection and is not limited by the requirements of high-precision instruments such as a three-coordinate measuring machine and the like on a fixed detection environment.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A coaxiality and symmetry detection method is used for detecting the coaxiality and symmetry of a step hole of a folded rudder, and comprises the following steps:
detecting the coaxiality of the first hole and the second hole by using a positioning frame and a positioning shaft;
if the coaxiality of the first hole and the second hole is poor, the symmetry of the third hole is not detected; if the coaxiality of the first hole and the second hole is good, the following steps are carried out:
and detecting the symmetry degree of the third hole by using the taper pin and the positioning frame.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of detecting the coaxiality of the first hole and the second hole using the positioning frame and the positioning shaft comprises the steps of:
step 1: inserting a first detection section of the positioning frame into a first hole of the folded rudder, wherein the coaxiality of the first detection section needs to be checked;
step 2: and inserting the second detection section of the positioning shaft into a second hole of the folded rudder, wherein the coaxiality of the second detection section needs to be checked.
3. The detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that said step 2 is followed by a step 3: inserting the matching section of the positioning frame into an internal cavity corresponding to the second detection section on the positioning shaft;
if the matching section of the positioning frame is inserted into the internal cavity and cannot be inserted into the internal cavity at all, the coaxiality of the step holes of the folded rudder is poor, and the requirement is not met; if the matching section of the positioning frame can be inserted into the internal cavity, performing the following step 4;
and 4, step 4: and judging the coaxiality of the step holes of the folded rudder.
4. The detection method according to claim 3, wherein the step 4 comprises the steps of:
whether the first detection section is inserted to the bottom in the first hole and whether a gap exists between the first detection section and the end face of the first hole or not is respectively checked, and whether the second detection section is inserted to the bottom in the second hole and whether a gap exists between the second detection section and the end face of the second hole or not is respectively checked;
if the first detection section can be inserted to the bottom in the first hole without a gap with the end face of the first hole, and the second detection section can be inserted to the bottom in the second hole without a gap with the end face of the second hole, it is indicated that the coaxiality of the step hole of the folded rudder is good.
5. The detection method according to claims 2 to 4, wherein the coaxiality and symmetry of the stepped holes of the folded rudder are detected by a coaxiality and symmetry detection device.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein said detecting the coaxiality of the first and second holes using the positioning frame and the positioning axis comprises calibrating the coaxiality and symmetry detection means, including a coaxiality detection calibration and a symmetry detection calibration.
7. The inspection method of claim 6, wherein the coaxiality detection correction comprises: inserting the matching section of the positioning frame into the inner cavity corresponding to the second detection section of the positioning shaft, measuring the positioning shoulder distance between the positioning frame and the positioning shaft, and if the measured shoulder distance is consistent with the design size, indicating that the positioning frame and the positioning shaft meet the use requirement, and carrying out subsequent coaxiality detection.
8. The detection method according to claim 6, wherein the symmetry detection correction includes: and sequentially inserting each taper pin into the groove of the positioning frame, measuring the distance between the end face of the taper head of each taper pin and the bottom of the groove, and if the measured distance is smaller than the designed distance, indicating that the use requirement is met, and carrying out subsequent symmetry detection.
9. The inspection method of claim 6, wherein after calibrating the coaxiality and symmetry inspection apparatus and before step 1, comprises performing a trial inspection of the positioning frame and the first hole to determine whether the positioning frame can be used for subsequent coaxiality inspection.
10. The detection method according to claim 9, wherein after the trial inspection of the positioning frame and the first hole and before the step 1, the trial inspection of the positioning shaft and the second hole is performed to confirm whether or not a factor obstructing the insertion of the positioning shaft exists in the second hole.
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| CN112484613B (en) | 2023-02-28 |
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