CN112483247A - Wear monitoring device and method for valve mechanism - Google Patents

Wear monitoring device and method for valve mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112483247A
CN112483247A CN202011384656.XA CN202011384656A CN112483247A CN 112483247 A CN112483247 A CN 112483247A CN 202011384656 A CN202011384656 A CN 202011384656A CN 112483247 A CN112483247 A CN 112483247A
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China
Prior art keywords
controller
pressure sensor
spring
wear monitoring
signal
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CN202011384656.XA
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CN112483247B (en
Inventor
鞠莉莉
叶飞
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China Shipbuilding Power Engineering Institute Co Ltd
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China Shipbuilding Power Engineering Institute Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/08Safety, indicating or supervising devices
    • F02B77/082Safety, indicating or supervising devices relating to valves

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of valve mechanism monitoring and detection, and discloses a wear monitoring device and a wear monitoring method for a valve mechanism, wherein the wear monitoring device for the valve mechanism comprises a pressure sensor and a controller, the pressure sensor is arranged below a force-bearing contact surface at the bottom end of a spring, and the controller is connected with the pressure sensor to receive a pressure signal of the pressure sensor; the controller is provided with a communication interface for receiving the crank angle signal and combining the pressure signal to process and output the signal. According to the wear monitoring device and method of the valve mechanism, the pressure sensor and the controller are arranged, so that the actual elastic force and the crankshaft angle of the spring can be conveniently received in real time, the actual elastic force of the spring can be judged in real time, and accordingly, the wear condition of the valve mechanism can be monitored in real time according to the change of the actual elastic force of the spring.

Description

Wear monitoring device and method for valve mechanism
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of valve mechanism monitoring and detection, in particular to a wear monitoring device and method of a valve mechanism.
Background
For a valve mechanism, problems caused by abrasion are numerous, and if a spring seat or a rotary valve device is not found in time after entering a rapid abrasion period, the elastic force of the spring can be changed to influence the normal work of a valve, even the valve is out of a cylinder. Based on such problems occurring due to wear, there is a need for a device that can monitor wear in real time to avoid the occurrence of significant problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wear monitoring device and a wear monitoring method for a valve mechanism, which aim to solve the problem of wear monitoring of the valve mechanism.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention firstly provides a wear monitoring device of a valve mechanism, which comprises a pressure sensor and a controller, wherein the pressure sensor is arranged below a force-bearing contact surface at the bottom end of a spring, and the controller is connected with the pressure sensor to receive a pressure signal of the pressure sensor; the controller is provided with a communication interface for receiving a crank angle signal and combining the pressure signal to process and output the signal.
Optionally, the pressure sensor is provided inside the valve spinner or the spring seat.
Optionally, the controller includes an a/D conversion chip and a processor, the a/D conversion chip is connected to an output end of the pressure sensor to receive the pressure signal of the pressure sensor and convert the pressure signal into a digital signal, and then output the digital signal to the processor, and the communication interface is connected to the processor.
Optionally, the controller further comprises an internal power supply connected to the processor to provide an operating voltage to the processor.
Optionally, the controller further comprises an alarm, the alarm is connected with the processor, and if the processor outputs an abrasion result, an alarm signal is sent out through the alarm.
Optionally, the wear monitoring device of the valve train further comprises an external power supply, and the external power supply is connected with the internal power supply.
The invention also provides a wear monitoring method of the valve mechanism, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, the controller collects the pressure signal of the pressure sensor and receives the crank angle signal through the communication interface;
s2, drawing an actual change curve of the actual elastic force of the spring along with the rotation angle of the crankshaft by the controller; and calculating the difference value between the actual elastic force and the theoretical elastic force in one or more periods by taking the specified crank angle as a reference, and comparing the difference value with a set value to judge whether the valve mechanism is abraded or not.
Optionally, the variation relation data of the theoretical elastic force and the crank angle is stored in the controller in advance; and selecting the actual elastic force and the theoretical elastic force under the same crank angle in one or more periods to calculate the difference.
Optionally, at least five sets of the actual elastic forces are continuously selected on the actual variation curve at a specified crank angle to calculate the difference, and if there are more than four of the differences exceeding the set value, the valve mechanism is considered to have a wear failure.
Optionally, the controller sends out an alarm signal through the alarm when the valve mechanism has a wear failure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the wear monitoring device of the valve mechanism, the pressure sensor and the controller are arranged, so that the actual elastic force and the crank angle of the spring can be conveniently received in real time, the actual elastic force of the spring can be judged in real time, and accordingly, the wear condition of the valve mechanism can be monitored in real time according to the change of the actual elastic force of the spring.
According to the wear monitoring method of the valve mechanism, the actual elastic force of the spring can be calculated in real time by acquiring the pressure signal and the crank angle signal in real time, and the actual elastic force is judged by combining the theoretical elastic force, so that the real-time wear condition of the valve mechanism is monitored.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the positional relationship of a spring, a valve rotator, and a spring seat in a prior art valve train;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a mounting position of a wear monitoring device of a valve train in the valve train in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a controller and pressure sensor in a wear monitoring device for a valvetrain according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of valve lift (i.e., spring compression length) versus crankshaft angle cycle variation in a valvetrain;
FIG. 5 is a linear plot of spring force as a function of length of spring compression (length L1-L2).
In the figure:
1. a spring; 2.a valve rotator; 21. a containing groove; 3. a spring seat; 4. a pressure sensor; 5. a controller; 51. a communication interface; an A/D conversion chip; 53. a processor; 54. a built-in power supply; 55. an alarm; 6. and (4) an external power supply.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are used in an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.
With reference to fig. 1, the valve train includes a spring 1, a valve rotating device 2 and a spring seat 3, the spring 1 is disposed between the valve rotating device 2 and the spring seat 3, the wear monitoring device of the valve train provided by the present invention includes a pressure sensor 4 and a controller 5, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the pressure sensor 4 is disposed below a bottom-end stressed contact surface (including an outer-spring stressed contact surface N1 and an inner-spring stressed contact surface N2) of the spring 1, and the controller 5 is connected to the pressure sensor 4 to receive a pressure signal of the pressure sensor 4; the controller 5 is provided with a communication interface 51 to receive the crank angle signal and perform signal processing and output in combination with the pressure signal.
According to the wear monitoring device of the valve mechanism, the pressure sensor 4 and the controller 5 are arranged in the valve mechanism, so that the actual elastic force and the crankshaft angle of the spring 1 can be received in real time conveniently, the actual elastic force of the spring 1 is judged, particularly the actual elastic force is judged in real time, and accordingly, the wear condition of the valve mechanism can be monitored in real time according to the change of the actual elastic force of the spring 1. It should be noted that two springs 1, i.e., an outer spring and an inner spring, are generally disposed between the faucet 2 and the spring seat 3, and the actual elastic force of the spring 1 herein refers to the sum of the elastic forces of the outer spring and the inner spring.
It should be noted that the rotary mechanism in the valve train is of an upper type and a lower type (the upper type, the cock 2 is located at the upper end of the spring 1; the lower type, the cock 2 is located at the lower end of the spring 1). The internal structure of the components used to arrange the valve train wear monitoring device (i.e., the internal structure of the faucet 1 or the spring seat 2) and the arrangement of the spring 1 will also vary as needed. The structure shown in fig. 1 and 2, which is for illustration purposes only, is a bottom-mount rotary mechanism and includes an inner spring and an outer spring, collectively referred to herein as spring 1. The spring 1 is arranged between the valve rotating device 2 and the spring seat 3, and the pressure sensor 4 is arranged below a force-bearing contact surface at the bottom end of the spring 1. When the valve mechanism is abraded, the actual elastic force of the spring 1 changes, the actual elastic force is received through the pressure sensor 4 in a pressure change mode and is output to the controller 5, meanwhile, when the valve mechanism works, the controller 5 receives a crank angle signal in real time, and after the pressure signal and the crank angle signal are subjected to signal processing, whether abrasion occurs or not is judged.
Alternatively, the pressure sensor 4 is provided inside the valve spinner 2 or the spring seat 3.
As shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment, a receiving groove 21 is formed in the interior of the faucet 2, the receiving groove 21 is sized to just receive the pressure sensor 4, and when the controller 5 needs to be disposed in the faucet 2, the receiving groove 21 is installed together with the pressure sensor 4 to achieve the built-in arrangement of the controller 5. As shown in fig. 2, the force-receiving contact surfaces of the outer spring and the inner spring and the valve rotating device 2 are respectively N1 and N2, the pressure sensor 4 is disposed closely in the accommodating groove 21 toward the side surface M of the spring 1, the side surface M is located below the force-receiving contact surfaces N1 and N2 at the bottom end of the spring 1, and the accommodating groove 21 is disposed to satisfy the requirement that the entire valve rotating device 2 has sufficient structural strength and to ensure its functionality. The pressure sensor 4 can collect the actual elastic force change of the spring 1 and send the actual elastic force change to the controller 5 in the form of a pressure signal, and the controller 5 judges the wear condition of the valve mechanism according to the difference value of the actual elastic force and the theoretical elastic force in the same crank angle of the same period through the processing of data signals.
Optionally, the controller 5 includes an a/D conversion chip 52 and a processor 53, the a/D conversion chip 52 is connected to the output end of the pressure sensor 4 to receive the pressure signal of the pressure sensor 4 and convert the pressure signal into a digital signal, and then output the digital signal to the processor 53, and the communication interface 51 is connected to the processor 53.
In the structure diagram of the controller 5 shown in fig. 3, the pressure signal output by the pressure sensor 4 can be converted into a digital signal by the a/D conversion chip 52 and sent to the processor 53 in real time, the processor 53 can receive crank angle data in real time through the communication interface 51, draw an actual relationship curve of the actual elastic force of the spring 1 and the crank angle, compare the actual elastic force with a known theoretical relationship curve, and determine the real-time wear condition of the valve mechanism by combining the relationship between the actual elastic force change and the wear, and when the wear affects the normal operation of the valve mechanism, the real-time wear condition can be timely discovered and processed, thereby ensuring the operation safety. The communication interface 51 used in this embodiment is a 485 communication interface, and other wired or wireless input/output interfaces may be used when the communication environment condition is satisfied. The a/D conversion chip 52 is a 16-bit a/D conversion chip.
Optionally, the controller 5 further comprises a built-in power supply 54, the built-in power supply 54 being connected to the processor 53 for providing an operating voltage to the processor 53.
As shown in FIG. 3, the built-in power supply 54 is a 5V working power supply, so that continuous power supply in the working process of the valve mechanism can be ensured, and real-time monitoring on valve mechanism abrasion is ensured.
Optionally, the controller 5 further comprises an alarm 55, the alarm 55 is connected to the processor 53, and if the processor 53 outputs that the wear occurs, an alarm signal is sent through the alarm 55.
In the valve mechanism working process, the pressure sensor 4 is built-in, namely is arranged in the faucet 2 or the spring seat 3, when the controller 5 is also built-in, the alarm 55 is also arranged in the faucet 2 or the spring seat 3, the alarm 55 adopts a built-in sound alarm, when the actual elasticity of the spring 1 is greatly changed to prompt serious abrasion, the alarm can be timely given out by sound like a buzzer to prompt, and major errors are avoided.
Optionally, the wear monitoring device of the valve train further comprises an external power source 6, and the external power source 6 is connected with the internal power source 54.
The external power supply 6 is arranged outside the valve rotating device 2 and the spring seat 3 and is used for charging the internal power supply 54 in a specific time, so that the real-time monitoring of the abrasion condition in the long-term working process of the valve mechanism is ensured. The external power supply 6 adopts a 5V power supply.
According to the wear monitoring device of the valve mechanism provided by the embodiment, the invention also provides a wear monitoring method of the valve mechanism, which comprises the following steps:
s1, the controller 5 collects the pressure signal of the pressure sensor 4 in real time and receives the crank angle signal in real time through the communication interface 51;
s2, the controller 5 draws an actual change curve of the actual elasticity of the spring along with the rotation angle of the crankshaft; and calculating the difference value between the actual elastic force and the theoretical elastic force in one or more periods by taking the specified crank angle as a reference, and comparing the difference value with a set value to judge whether the valve mechanism is abraded or not.
According to the wear monitoring device of the valve mechanism, the actual elastic force of the spring 1 can be calculated in real time by acquiring the pressure signal and the crank angle signal in real time, and the theoretical elastic force is combined for judgment, so that the real-time wear condition of the valve mechanism is monitored.
As is known, a real-time crank angle can be obtained from a controller of a main engine system, and a real-time actual spring force is obtained through a pressure sensor at the same time, so that a relation curve between a pressure signal and the crank angle can be drawn, and theoretically, a regular theoretical relation curve exists between the theoretical elastic force of the spring 1 and the crank angle. As shown in fig. 4, before the air valve opens, the air valve lift is zero, and the force applied to the side surface M inside the accommodating groove 21 is a constant force (pre-tightening force of the spring 1). When the valve is opened, as shown in fig. 5, the elastic force of the spring 1 changes linearly with the length of compression of the spring 1 (the length corresponding to L1-L2 is the valve lift). And the length (valve lift) and the crank angle are in a linear relation (as shown in figure 4), so that the theoretical elastic force of the spring 1 acting on the side surface M can be converted into a curve which is linearly distributed along with the change of the crank angle. Therefore, in the embodiment of the invention, the actual relation curve is compared with the theoretical relation curve, when the difference value of the actual elasticity and the theoretical elasticity of the spring 1 exceeds a set value, the valve mechanism can be judged to be worn or worn to a certain degree and needs to be shut down for maintenance or replacement, and accidents are avoided.
Alternatively, a curve of the variation of the theoretical elastic force with respect to the crank angle is stored in the controller 5 in advance; and selecting the actual elastic force and the theoretical elastic force under the same crank angle in one or more periods to calculate the difference value.
It can be understood that, for a period of two revolutions of the crankshaft of the four-stroke valve mechanism and a period of one revolution of the crankshaft of the two-stroke valve mechanism, the theoretical elastic force of the spring 1 forms a regular change curve along with the change of the crank angle in one period.
Optionally, at least five groups of actual elastic force calculation differences are continuously selected on the actual change curve under the specified crank angle, and if more than four differences exceed the set value, the valve mechanism is considered to have a wear failure.
When the difference value is calculated, a reference point is selected, for example, a crank angle corresponding to the top dead center of the first cylinder of the main engine is taken as a reference, actual elastic force in one or more periods is compared with theoretical elastic force at intervals, the necessity of difference between actual conditions and theoretical design values and possible random points are considered, a set value is determined for judgment, at least five groups of continuous data are collected for judgment, and if the probability of exceeding the set value is more than 80%, the valve mechanism is considered to be worn. It should be noted that continuous selection refers to continuously comparing a plurality of data pairs in the same period, and specifically, selecting according to the time interval of the data sampling points.
Alternatively, the controller 5 sends an alarm signal through the alarm 5 when the valve train has a wear failure.
In this embodiment, if 80% of data in the difference between the actual force elastic force and the theoretical force elastic force of 5 or more continuous groups exceeds a set value in one or more cycles, it is determined that the wear is occurring, and an alarm 55 gives an alarm. Of course, according to the actual requirement, the real-time pressure signal can be output to an external controller or a host for processing and judgment.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Numerous obvious variations, adaptations and substitutions will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The wear monitoring device of the valve mechanism is characterized by comprising a pressure sensor (4) and a controller (5), wherein the pressure sensor (4) is arranged below a bottom end force-bearing contact surface of a spring (1), and the controller (5) is connected with the pressure sensor (4) to receive a pressure signal of the pressure sensor (4); the controller (5) is provided with a communication interface (51) for receiving a crank angle signal and combining the pressure signal to process and output the signal.
2.A valve train wear monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure sensor (4) is arranged inside the valve spinner (2) or the spring seat (3).
3. The wear monitoring device of a valve train according to claim 1, wherein the controller (5) includes an a/D conversion chip (52) and a processor (53), the a/D conversion chip (52) is connected to an output end of the pressure sensor (4) to receive the pressure signal of the pressure sensor (4) and convert the pressure signal into a digital signal to be output to the processor (53), and the communication interface (51) is connected to the processor (53).
4. A valve train wear monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that the controller (5) further comprises an internal power supply (54), the internal power supply (54) being connected to the processor (53) for providing an operating voltage to the processor (53).
5. A valve train wear monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that the controller (5) further comprises an alarm (55), the alarm (55) being connected to the processor (53), and an alarm signal being emitted by the alarm (55) if the processor (53) outputs wear.
6. A valve train wear monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that the valve train wear monitoring device further comprises an external power source (6), the external power source (6) being connected to the internal power source (54).
7. A wear monitoring method of a valve train, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, the controller (5) collects the pressure signal of the pressure sensor (4) and receives the crank angle signal through the communication interface (51);
s2, drawing an actual change curve of the actual elastic force of the spring (1) along with the rotation angle of the crankshaft by the controller (5); and calculating the difference value between the actual elastic force and the theoretical elastic force under different crank rotation angles in one or more periods by taking the specified crank rotation angle as a reference, and comparing the difference value with a set value to judge whether the valve mechanism is abraded or not.
8. A valve train wear monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that data of the change in the theoretical spring force with respect to the crank angle is stored in advance in the controller (5); and selecting the actual elastic force and the theoretical elastic force under the same crank angle in one or more periods to calculate the difference.
9. The wear monitoring method of a valve train according to claim 8, characterized in that at least five sets of the actual spring forces are successively selected on the actual change curve at a specified crank angle to calculate the difference, and if there are more than four of the difference values exceeding the set value, the valve train is considered to have a wear failure.
10. A method of wear monitoring of a valve train according to claim 9, characterized in that the controller (5) issues an alarm signal via the alarm (55) when a wear failure of the valve train occurs.
CN202011384656.XA 2020-11-30 2020-11-30 Wear monitoring device and method for valve mechanism Active CN112483247B (en)

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CN112483247B CN112483247B (en) 2021-10-26

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09228808A (en) * 1996-02-22 1997-09-02 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Valve gear for internal combustion engine
CN110375905A (en) * 2018-04-11 2019-10-25 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 A kind of engine valve spring force measuring device, method and device
CN110541739A (en) * 2019-10-21 2019-12-06 潍坊力创电子科技有限公司 Compression release type in-cylinder brake device for engine
CN110542560A (en) * 2019-09-29 2019-12-06 潍柴动力股份有限公司 detection method and detection system for valve clearance fault and automobile

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09228808A (en) * 1996-02-22 1997-09-02 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Valve gear for internal combustion engine
CN110375905A (en) * 2018-04-11 2019-10-25 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 A kind of engine valve spring force measuring device, method and device
CN110542560A (en) * 2019-09-29 2019-12-06 潍柴动力股份有限公司 detection method and detection system for valve clearance fault and automobile
CN110541739A (en) * 2019-10-21 2019-12-06 潍坊力创电子科技有限公司 Compression release type in-cylinder brake device for engine

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