CN112483091B - Mining system and mining method for steeply inclined coal seam mining area pseudo-dip-inclined arrangement - Google Patents
Mining system and mining method for steeply inclined coal seam mining area pseudo-dip-inclined arrangement Download PDFInfo
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- CN112483091B CN112483091B CN202011602160.5A CN202011602160A CN112483091B CN 112483091 B CN112483091 B CN 112483091B CN 202011602160 A CN202011602160 A CN 202011602160A CN 112483091 B CN112483091 B CN 112483091B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/006—Ventilation at the working face of galleries or tunnels
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of steeply inclined coal seam mining, and discloses a mining system with a steeply inclined mining area in a pseudo-depression-inclination arrangement mode, which comprises a working face, a transportation lane, a return air ascending mountain and a transportation ascending mountain, wherein the working face is provided with an upper end head which is advanced in a pseudo-depression-inclination mode, and the working face is internally provided with a coal cutter, a scraper conveyor and a hydraulic support for supporting; the invention also discloses a mining method of the mining system with the steeply inclined coal seam mining area in the pseudo-dip-inclined arrangement. According to the invention, the transportation lane and the return air lane are respectively arranged in a way of being vertical to the direction of the working face, so that the included angle between the working face and the horizontal plane is reduced, and the coal mining yield, the mining efficiency and the coal mining safety of the working face are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mining of steeply inclined coal seams, and particularly relates to a mining system and a mining method for pseudo-dipping arrangement in a mining area of a steeply inclined coal seam.
Background
The steeply inclined coal seam is a coal seam with an inclination angle of more than 45 degrees, has huge reserve of steeply inclined coal seams in China, is usually distributed in western regions such as Sichuan, Xinjiang, Guizhou and the like, is often accompanied by the characteristics of thick coal seam, high heat value and the like, and is an essential raw material for industries such as metallurgy, chemical engineering and the like. The mining method of the steeply inclined coal seam resource is continuously explored from the 80 s in the 20 th century, and a series of achievements are obtained in the aspects of a working face arrangement method, support equipment improvement, a roadway arrangement method and the like. The existing mining method for the steeply inclined coal seam in production practice mainly adopts the technologies of an inverted step strike long-wall coal mining method, short-wall horizontal layering mining, a pseudo-steeply inclined strike long-wall coal mining method, large-inclination angle fully-mechanized mining and the like, but the mining methods have high dependence degree on working face equipment, the equipment is easy to slide backwards, the phenomenon of flying waste rocks of the working face is serious, the length of the working face is limited, and the problem of low recovery efficiency and the like is still difficult to solve. Therefore, the arrangement direction of the working face and the roadway is readjusted, and process optimization of the mining of the steeply inclined coal seam is of great strategic significance to energy supply.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mining system with a steeply inclined coal seam mining area in pseudo-dip inclined arrangement, wherein a transportation roadway and a return airway are respectively arranged vertically to the direction of a working face, so that the angle between the working face and the horizontal plane is reduced;
the invention also aims to provide a mining method applying the mining system with the steeply inclined coal seam mining area pseudo-depression-inclination arrangement, so as to improve the coal mining yield, the mining efficiency and the coal mining safety of a working face.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the mining system comprises a working face, a transportation lane, a return air ascending mountain and a transportation ascending mountain, wherein the upper end of the working face is arranged in advance in a pseudo-oblique-depression manner, and a coal mining machine, a scraper conveyor and a hydraulic support for supporting are arranged in the working face;
the transport lane and the return airway are respectively vertical to the plane of the working surface, the transport lane and the return airway are arranged on two sides of the working surface, the return airway is arranged at the upper end of the working surface, the transport lane is arranged at the lower end of the working surface, and one end of the transport lane and one end of the return airway are respectively communicated with the working surface;
the other end of the return air lane is communicated with a return air ascending mountain, a connecting lane is arranged between the return air ascending mountain and the transport ascending mountain, an air door is arranged in the connecting lane, and the return air lane is communicated with the transport ascending mountain through the air door after going through the return air ascending mountain; the air return lane is vertical to the air return direction and the transportation direction;
the other end of the transportation lane is communicated with the transportation mountain, and a coal chute is arranged at the communication position of the transportation lane and the transportation mountain; a stone gate is arranged between the transportation ascending mountain and the transportation roadway, and the transportation ascending mountain and the transportation roadway are communicated through the stone gate; and the transportation lane is vertical to the direction of the return air and the direction of the transportation.
By way of limitation, the advancing direction of the working surface advances backward in a direction perpendicular to the working surface.
As a second limitation, arranged in a pseudo-pitch manner, the calculation formula of the pseudo-inclination angle of the working surface is:
the calculation formula of the pseudo-inclination angles of the transportation lane and the return airway is as follows:
the calculation formula of the height difference of the upper end head and the lower end head of the working surface is as follows:
wherein:θis a pseudo-inclination angle of the working face,αthe inclination angle of the steeply inclined coal seam is changed,βthe inclination angle of the working face is adjusted,γfor pseudo-inclination angle, Delta, of haulage and return airwayhIs the height difference of the upper end head and the lower end head of the working face,Lis the working face length.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a mining method for the pseudo-dip arrangement of the mining area of the steeply inclined coal seam, and the mining system applying the pseudo-dip arrangement of the mining area of the steeply inclined coal seam comprises the following steps:
s1, mining coal on the working face through a coal mining machine, and conveying the coal to a conveying roadway through a scraper conveyor;
s2, conveying the coal mined from the working face through the conveying roadway, then through the coal chute, and entering the conveying mountain, and then conveying the coal out;
the steps S1 and S2 are carried out in the process of continuous ventilation, and the ventilation route is as follows: fresh air flow enters a transportation lane along a goaf after passing through a transportation ascending mountain, then enters a working face, becomes dirty air and then enters a return air ascending mountain through a return air lane.
By way of limitation, the processes of steps S1 and S2 include transporting materials, and the transporting material route is as follows: materials enter a transportation lane along a stone gate after going up a mountain in the transportation process; the materials in the return airway enter the transport mountain through the air door of the connecting airway.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical progress that:
(1) according to the invention, the transportation lane, the return airway and the plane where the working face is located are vertically arranged, so that the included angle between the working face and the horizontal plane is effectively reduced, and the deformation of the front coal wall and the roof can be effectively controlled through the hydraulic support, so that rib spalling and roof collapse are prevented;
(2) fresh air flow can enter a transportation lane from a transportation ascending mountain along a rock gate, becomes dirty air after passing through a working face, and then enters a return air ascending mountain through a return air lane to return air, so that a ventilation system of the working face is formed, the ventilation condition and the coal mining safety of the working face are improved, and long-term operation of workers is facilitated;
(3) the length of the working surface is kept unchanged in the propelling process, so that the time for carrying and installing the equipment can be reduced, the one-step forming is realized, and the working efficiency is improved;
(4) the invention avoids the stress concentration phenomenon caused by different shapes of the mined coal bodies at the upper end and the lower end of the working face, and the transportation speed can be increased by utilizing the self gravity in the transportation process of the inclined coal in the transportation lane;
(5) the mining method is simple, and the coal mining yield, the mining efficiency and the coal mining safety of the working face are improved.
The invention belongs to the technical field of mining of steeply inclined coal seams, and is used for pseudo-dip-inclined arrangement mining of mining areas of steeply inclined thick coal seams.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of pseudo-dip-down arrangement mining of a mining area in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a positional relationship of a working surface in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a coal seam; 2. transporting to the mountain; 3. returning air to the mountain; 4. a transportation lane; 5. a return airway; 6. a working surface; 7. a damper; 8. coal chute holes; 9. and (5) a stone door.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described with reference to the following examples, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and any modifications and variations based on the specific examples of the present invention are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment includes a working face 6, a transportation lane 4, a return air lane 5, a return air ascending lane 3 and a transportation ascending lane 2, wherein the upper end of the working face 6 is arranged in a pseudo-oblique manner to be advanced, a coal mining machine, a scraper conveyor and a hydraulic support for supporting are arranged in the working face 6, and the advancing direction of the working face 6 advances in a retreating manner in a direction perpendicular to the working face 6. The scraper conveyor in the embodiment is used for conveying coal mined by the coal mining machine to the conveying roadway 4, and the hydraulic support can effectively control deformation of the front coal wall and the front roof, so that rib spalling and roof collapse are prevented. The working face 6 is pushed to adopt retreating type mining, namely the pushing direction of the working face 6 is pushed towards the direction of the return air upward mountain 3, so that the air flow of the working face 6 does not pass through the goaf, and the goaf is favorably prevented and extinguished.
In this embodiment, the transportation lane 4 and the return airway 5 are respectively perpendicular to the plane of the working surface 6, the transportation lane 4 and the return airway 5 are arranged on two sides of the working surface 6, the return airway 5 is arranged at the upper end of the working surface 6, the transportation lane 4 is arranged at the lower end of the working surface 6, and one end of the transportation lane 4 and one end of the return airway 5 are respectively communicated with the working surface 6.
In the embodiment, the other end of the return air lane 5 is communicated with the return air ascending mountain 3, a connection lane is arranged between the return air ascending mountain 3 and the transport ascending mountain 2, the connection lane is provided with an air door 7, and the return air lane 5 is communicated with the transport ascending mountain 2 through the air door 7 after passing through the return air ascending mountain 3; the air return lane 5 is vertical to the air return direction 3 and the transportation direction 2. The other end of the transportation lane 4 is communicated with the transportation climbing mountain 2, and a coal chute 8 is arranged at the communication position of the transportation lane 4 and the transportation climbing mountain 2; a stone gate 9 is arranged between the transport ascending 2 and the transport lane 4, and the transport ascending 2 is communicated with the transport lane 4 through the stone gate 9; the transportation lane 4 is vertical to the direction of the return air ascending mountain 3 and the direction of the transportation ascending mountain 2.
As shown in FIG. 2, the steeply inclined coal seam 1 of this embodiment has a dip angleαIs 65 degrees, the length of the working surface 6 is set toLIs 200m, the working surface 6 is adjusted with an inclination angleβIs 30 degrees and is arranged in a pseudo-dip manner, and the calculation formula of the pseudo-dip angle of the working surface 6 is as follows:
the calculation formula of the pseudo-inclination angles of the transport lane 4 and the return airway 5 is as follows:
the calculation formula of the height difference of the upper end head and the lower end head of the working surface 6 is as follows:
wherein:θfor a pseudo-tilt angle of the working surface 6,αthe inclination angle of the steeply inclined coal seam 1,βthe inclination angle of the working surface 6 is adjusted,γis pseudo-dip angle, delta, of the haulage drift 4 and return airway 5hThe height difference of the upper end head and the lower end head of the working face 6,Lthe length of the working face 6.
The embodiment provides a mining method for a pseudo-dip arrangement of a mining area of a steep coal seam according to embodiment 1, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mining coal on the working face 6 through a coal mining machine, and conveying the coal to the transportation lane 4 through a scraper conveyor;
s2, conveying the coal mined from the working face 6 through the conveying lane 4, then through the coal chute 8, and entering the conveying mountain 2, and then conveying the coal out;
wherein, the steps S1 and S2 are carried out in the process of continuous ventilation, and the ventilation route is as follows: fresh air flow enters the transportation lane 4 along the stone gate 9 through the transportation ascending 2, then enters the working face 6, becomes dirty air and enters the return air ascending 3 through the return air lane 5. The continuous ventilation process improves the ventilation condition and coal mining safety of the working face 6 and is beneficial to long-term operation of workers.
In this embodiment, the processes of steps S1 and S2 include transporting materials, and the transportation route is as follows: materials such as anchor rods, anchor cables and anchor nets for supporting enter the transportation lane 4 along the stone gate 9 through the transportation mountain 2; materials such as electrical equipment in the return airway 5 enter the transport ascending 2 through the air door 7 of the communication airway.
In the embodiment, when a coal seam 1 in a certain area is mined, the coal seam is divided into mining areas, each mining area is divided into a plurality of working faces 6, a heading machine is used for excavating a return air lane 5 and a transportation lane 4 along the directions of a vertical return air ascending mountain 3 and a transportation ascending mountain 2, then a lane (called as an open cut hole in mining engineering) is excavated along the direction of the return air lane 5 and the transportation lane 4, the return air lane 5 is communicated with the transportation lane 4, a hydraulic support, a coal mining machine and a scraper conveyor are arranged after the open cut hole is communicated to form the working faces 6, mining is carried out in a backward mode, coal is cut by the coal mining machine, the coal is conveyed by the scraper conveyor, the hydraulic cylinder at the bottom of the hydraulic support pushes the scraper conveyor to move forwards, and the hydraulic cylinder supports the working faces 6. The working face 6 is pushed to adopt a retreating type mining mode, the length of the working face 6 is kept unchanged in the pushing process, the time for carrying and installing equipment can be shortened, one-step forming is achieved, and the working efficiency is improved.
Claims (3)
1. The mining system comprises a working face, a transportation lane, a return air ascending mountain and a transportation ascending mountain, and is characterized in that the upper end of the working face is arranged in a pseudo-oblique-depression manner to be advanced, and a coal mining machine, a scraper conveyor and a hydraulic support for supporting are arranged in the working face;
the transport lane and the return airway are respectively vertical to the plane of the working surface, the transport lane and the return airway are arranged on two sides of the working surface, the return airway is arranged at the upper end of the working surface, the transport lane is arranged at the lower end of the working surface, and one end of the transport lane and one end of the return airway are respectively communicated with the working surface;
the other end of the return air lane is communicated with a return air ascending mountain, a connecting lane is arranged between the return air ascending mountain and the transport ascending mountain, an air door is arranged in the connecting lane, and the return air lane is communicated with the transport ascending mountain through the air door after going through the return air ascending mountain; the air return lane is vertical to the air return direction and the transportation direction;
the other end of the transportation lane is communicated with the transportation mountain, and a coal chute is arranged at the communication position of the transportation lane and the transportation mountain; a stone gate is arranged between the transportation ascending mountain and the transportation roadway, and the transportation ascending mountain and the transportation roadway are communicated through the stone gate; the transportation lane is vertical to the direction of the return air going upward and the direction of the transportation going upward;
the method is arranged in a pseudo-dip mode, and the calculation formula of the pseudo-dip angle of the working surface is as follows:
the calculation formula of the pseudo-inclination angles of the transportation lane and the return airway is as follows:
the calculation formula of the height difference of the upper end head and the lower end head of the working surface is as follows:
wherein:θis a pseudo-inclination angle of the working face,αthe inclination angle of the steeply inclined coal seam is changed,βthe inclination angle of the working face is adjusted,γfor pseudo-inclination angle, Delta, of haulage and return airwayhIs the height difference of the upper end and the lower end of the working surface,Lis the length of the working face;
the advancing direction of the working surface advances in a retreating mode along the direction perpendicular to the working surface.
2. A mining method for a pseudo-dip-down arrangement of a mining area of a steep coal seam, which applies the mining system for the pseudo-dip-down arrangement of the mining area of the steep coal seam, disclosed by claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, mining coal on the working face through a coal mining machine, and conveying the coal to a conveying roadway through a scraper conveyor;
s2, conveying the coal mined from the working face through the conveying roadway, then through the coal chute, and entering the conveying mountain, and then conveying the coal out;
the steps S1 and S2 are carried out in the process of continuous ventilation, and the ventilation route is as follows: fresh air flow enters a transportation lane along a goaf after passing through a transportation ascending mountain, then enters a working face, becomes dirty air and then enters a return air ascending mountain through a return air lane.
3. A mining method for a pseudo-dipping arrangement of a mining area of a steeply dipping coal seam according to claim 2, wherein the steps S1 and S2 are carried out by transporting materials according to the following routes: materials enter a transportation lane along a stone gate after going up a mountain in the transportation process; the materials in the return airway enter the transport mountain through the air door of the connecting airway.
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| CN109184692A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-01-11 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of critical pseudo- oblique angle comprehensive mechanical mining method of half-edge coal seam |
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2020
- 2020-12-30 CN CN202011602160.5A patent/CN112483091B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
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| SU1087664A1 (en) * | 1983-02-25 | 1984-04-23 | Всесоюзный Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Научно-Исследовательский Институт Горной Геомеханики И Маркшейдерского Дела | Method of mining thick gently-sloping beds |
| CN201170102Y (en) * | 2008-03-26 | 2008-12-24 | 信晓东 | Inclined-false telescopic support type flexible shield support of high-dipping coal bed |
| CN105422100A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-03-23 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Horizontally segmented high yield roadway layout for sharply inclined coal bed and coal caving mode |
| CN109184692A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-01-11 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of critical pseudo- oblique angle comprehensive mechanical mining method of half-edge coal seam |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 大倾角工作面支撑掩护式液压支架稳定性分析与防倒滑设计;田权;《煤矿机械》;20200810(第8期);第139-141页 * |
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