CN112481818A - Preparation method of non-woven fabric - Google Patents
Preparation method of non-woven fabric Download PDFInfo
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- CN112481818A CN112481818A CN202011260903.5A CN202011260903A CN112481818A CN 112481818 A CN112481818 A CN 112481818A CN 202011260903 A CN202011260903 A CN 202011260903A CN 112481818 A CN112481818 A CN 112481818A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 385
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 181
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 179
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
- D04H1/4291—Olefin series
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H1/435—Polyesters
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of non-woven fabric, which comprises the following steps: carding and uniformly mixing a plurality of fiber materials to obtain mixed fibers, wherein the plurality of fiber materials at least comprise first fibers and second fibers, the first fibers have a first melting point, the second fibers have a second melting point, and the first melting point is smaller than the second melting point; folding and lapping the mixed fibers according to a preset mode to obtain the non-woven fabric to be shaped; and applying a second temperature which is higher than the first melting point but lower than the second melting point to melt the first fibers, and cooling to obtain the non-woven fabric. According to the preparation method of the non-woven fabric, the hot-melt fibers are used for bonding and shaping, solvent-based glue is not used, VOCs (volatile organic compounds) are not discharged in the baking process, the preparation method is environment-friendly, and the problems that a large amount of VOCs are discharged in the process of preparing the non-woven fabric and residual glue solvent is volatilized in the subsequent use in the prior art are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional forming non-woven fabrics, in particular to a preparation method of a non-woven fabric.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of a non-woven fabric preparation process, the cost of the non-woven fabric is greatly reduced, so that the non-woven fabric is widely applied in many fields, however, in the non-woven fabric preparation method in the prior art, fibers of the non-woven fabric are mainly bonded by solvent type glue, a large amount of VOCs (volatile organic chemicals) is generated in the drying process of the solvent type glue to be discharged, and in the subsequent use process of the non-woven fabric, the volatilization of residual glue solvent also causes environmental pollution, so that the problem of environmental pollution is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, there is a need for an environmentally friendly nonwoven fabric manufacturing process.
A preparation method of a non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
carding and uniformly mixing a plurality of fiber materials to obtain mixed fibers, wherein the plurality of fiber materials at least comprise first fibers and second fibers, the first fibers have a first melting point, the second fibers have a second melting point, and the first melting point is smaller than the second melting point;
folding and lapping the mixed fibers according to a preset mode to obtain the non-woven fabric to be shaped;
and applying a second temperature to the non-woven fabric to be shaped, wherein the second temperature is higher than the first melting point but lower than the second melting point, so that the first fibers are melted, and cooling to obtain the non-woven fabric.
In one embodiment, said applying a second temperature, said second temperature being greater than said first melting point but less than said second melting point, further comprises a preheating step prior to said step of melting said first fibers, said preheating step comprising:
applying a first temperature, said first temperature being less than but near said first melting point, softening said first fibers.
In one embodiment, in the step of carding and uniformly mixing the plurality of fiber materials to obtain the mixed fiber, the plurality of fibers further include a third fiber, the third fiber includes a face material and a core material, the face material has a third melting point, the core material has a fourth melting point, and the third melting point is greater than the first melting point but less than the second melting point and the fourth melting point.
In one embodiment, the second temperature is less than but near the third melting point, softening the facestock.
In one embodiment, said applying a second temperature, said second temperature being greater than said first melting point but less than said second melting point, melts said first fibers, said second temperature being less than but close to said third melting point, and further comprising the step of, after said step of softening said facestock:
applying a third temperature greater than the third melting point but less than the second melting point and the fourth melting point to melt the facestock.
In one embodiment, the first fibers are low melting point fibers, the first melting point is less than 120 ℃, the second fibers are polyester fibers or modified polyester fibers, and the second melting point is greater than 200 ℃.
In one embodiment, the first fiber is a low melting point fiber, the first melting point is less than 120 ℃, the second fiber is a modified polyester fiber, the second melting point is greater than 200 ℃, the face material is made of a low melting point polyester material, the third melting point is selected from the range of 130 ℃ to 160 ℃, the core material is a polyester fiber, and the fourth melting point is greater than 200 ℃.
In one embodiment, the first melting point is taken from the range of 90 ℃ to 115 ℃, the second melting point is greater than 250 ℃, the third melting point is taken from the range of 130 ℃ to 140 ℃, and the fourth melting point is taken from the range of 260 ℃ to 270 ℃.
In one embodiment, the first fibers are any one of polypropylene PP fibers and polyethylene PE fibers.
In one embodiment, the second fiber is a modified polyester high resilience fiber.
In one embodiment, the third fiber is selected from any one of high elastic low melting point fiber ELK, low melting point composite fiber ES1-PE/PP, and low melting point composite fiber ES 2-PE/PET.
In one embodiment, the folding and lapping of the mixed fibers in a predetermined manner is cross fold lapping or vertical fold lapping.
In one embodiment, the cross-folded lapping is selected from any one of vertical swing cross-folded lapping, four curtain cross-folded lapping, and two curtain sandwich cross-folded lapping.
According to the preparation method of the non-woven fabric, the hot-melt fibers are used for bonding and shaping, solvent-based glue is not used for bonding and shaping, VOCs (volatile organic compounds) are not discharged in the baking process, the preparation method is environment-friendly, and the problems that in the prior art, a large amount of VOCs are discharged in the non-woven fabric preparation process and residual glue solvent is volatilized in the follow-up use process are solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a method of making a nonwoven fabric according to one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of another embodiment of a method for making a nonwoven fabric;
FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of another embodiment nonwoven fabric making process;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a nonwoven fabric;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the microstructure of an embodiment of a first fiber of a nonwoven fabric before melting;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the first fibers of the nonwoven shown in FIG. 5 after they have been melted;
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a third fiber;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of another embodiment of a microstructure of a first fiber of a nonwoven fabric before melting;
fig. 9 is an enlarged view of the microstructure of the first fibers of the nonwoven fabric shown in fig. 8 after melting.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention can be embodied in many different forms than those herein described and many modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" or "in communication with" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for preparing a nonwoven fabric according to an embodiment includes the steps of:
step S10: and (3) carding and uniformly mixing a plurality of fiber materials to obtain the mixed fiber.
Specifically, carding is carried out on various fibers by utilizing opening equipment and a multi-channel mixing carding device, so that the various fibers can be fully carded and uniformly mixed, and meanwhile, partial impurities in the fibers are removed in the carding process, so that the mixed fibers are obtained. The plurality of fibers at least include a first fiber 10 and a second fiber 20, the first fiber 10 has a first melting point, the second fiber 20 has a second melting point, and the first melting point is smaller than the second melting point. When the temperature is lower than but close to the first melting point, the first fibers 10 can be softened, when the temperature reaches or exceeds the first melting point, the first fibers 10 can be melted, and when the temperature is reduced to be lower than the first melting point again, the first fibers 10 can be solidified again; the second fibers 20 are not melted at a temperature less than the second melting point, and the second fibers 20 may partially adsorb the melted first fibers 10.
Further, the first fiber 10 is a low melting point fiber, the first melting point is lower than 120 ℃, the second fiber 20 is a polyester fiber, the second melting point is higher than 200 ℃, and the temperature difference between the first melting point and the second melting point is large, so that when the first fiber 10 is in a melting state, the second fiber 20 is not softened or melted, is still in a solid state, and hardly affects the second fiber 20. Optional first fibers 10 include, but are not limited to, polypropylene PP fibers and polyethylene PE fibers, and optional second fibers 20 are high resilience fibers including, but not limited to, modified polyester.
Further, the first melting point is selected from the range of 90 ℃ to 115 ℃ and the second melting point is selected from the range of 260 ℃ to 270 ℃. The temperature difference between the first melting point and the second melting point is greater than 100 ℃, and the first fibers 10 are not affected when being heated and melted.
Preferably, the second fiber 20 is a high resilience modified polyester fiber, and has excellent compression resilience, overall tensile resistance, distortion resistance and degradability, and simultaneously has flame retardant, fireproof and antibacterial effects, so that the second fiber 20 can be used for replacing a polyurethane foam material after being made into a non-woven fabric, and meanwhile, the environmental protection performance and safety performance of the second fiber are far superior to those of the polyurethane foam material, and the second fiber has wide application in the field of cushions.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 8 and 9, the plurality of fibers further includes a third fiber 30, the third fiber 30 includes a face material 31 and a core material 32, the face material 31 has a third melting point, the core material 32 has a fourth melting point, and the third melting point is greater than the first melting point but less than the second melting point and the fourth melting point.
Specifically, the third fiber 30 is a low-melting polyester fiber, the core 32 is provided at a central position, the face material 31 is coated on the outer surface of the core 32, and the core 32 and the face material 31 are provided concentrically in cross section. The face material 31 is made of low melting point polyester material, the third melting point is taken from 130 ℃ to 160 ℃, the core material 32 is made of polyester material, the fourth melting point is more than 200 ℃, and by the arrangement, when the face material 31 is melted by reaching the third melting point, the core material 32 is still in a solid state. Optional third fibers 30 include, but are not limited to, high elastic low melting point fibers ELK, low melting point composite fibers ES1-PE/PP, and low melting point composite fibers ES 2-PE/PET. By adding the third fibers 30, on one hand, the surface material 31 can serve as glue in the shaping process of the non-woven fabric after being melted, the glue is better than the effect that the surface material 31 is coated on the outer surface of the core material 32, however, after the surface material 31 is melted, the connection points between the fibers are fully soaked by the liquid surface material 31 material, and after being solidified, the non-woven fabric can obtain better shaping effect; on the other hand, the three-dimensional structure of the shaped non-woven fabric is more optimized, so that the physical properties of the non-woven fabric are obviously improved. Thereby achieving wider application range.
Preferably, the third melting point is taken in the range of 130 ℃ to 140 ℃ and the fourth melting point is taken in the range of 260 ℃ to 270 ℃. With the above arrangement, since the first melting point and the third melting point are relatively close to each other, when the first fibers 10 reach the first melting point and are in a molten state, the surface material 31 of the third fibers 30 is in a softened state. Meanwhile, the temperature difference between the fourth melting point and the third melting point is greater than 100 ℃, and when the surface material 31 of the third fiber 30 is heated and melted, the core material 32 of the third fiber is hardly affected.
Preferably, core 32 has a partial elasticity, and different elastic nonwovens can be obtained by selecting different ratios of the first fibers, second fibers, and third fibers.
Step S30: and folding and lapping the mixed fibers according to a preset mode to obtain the non-woven fabric to be shaped.
Specifically, a lapping device is used for lapping the mixed fiber made of the first fiber 10 and the second fiber 20 or the mixed fiber made of the first fiber 10, the second fiber 20 and the third fiber 30, and after lapping is completed, the fiber is changed into a three-dimensional net structure which is adjacent or cross-connected from an original ordered line shape, so that the non-woven fabric to be shaped is obtained.
Further, the lapping mode comprises a cross lapping mode or a vertical lapping mode, a three-dimensional net structure with an inclined net shape can be obtained through the cross lapping mode, the structure endows the non-woven fabric with good overall tensile property and twisting resistance, and the three-dimensional net structure folded in the horizontal or vertical direction can be obtained through the vertical lapping mode, and the structure endows the non-woven fabric with excellent compression resilience.
Further, the cross-lapping is selected from any one of vertical swing cross-fold lapping, four curtain cross-fold lapping, and double curtain nip cross-fold lapping. It should be understood that other forms of laying that can convert a linear form of fibers into a net-like structure can also be used as the laying means of the present invention.
Step S50: and applying a second temperature which is higher than the first melting point but lower than the second melting point to melt the first fibers, and cooling to obtain the non-woven fabric.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4, 5 and 6, the plurality of fibers includes a first fiber 10 and a second fiber 20, the oven temperature is set to a second temperature, the second temperature is higher than the first melting point but lower than the second melting point, at this time, under the effect of the second temperature, the first fiber 10 is melted to be in a liquid state, since the first fiber 10 and the second fiber 20 are in a net-shaped structure of adjacent or cross-connected before the first fiber 10 is melted, after the first fiber 10 is melted, the liquid first fiber 10 can be attached to the second fiber 20 and penetrate along the length direction of the second fiber 20 under the capillary action, and finally gather at the cross-connection point or the adjacent point between the second fiber 20 and the second fiber 20, when the temperature is cooled to be lower than the first melting point, the first fiber 10 is re-solidified into a solid, at this time, the first fiber 10 gathered at the cross-connection point or the adjacent point fixes the second fiber 20 of the net-shaped structure together, the sizing effect is achieved, and therefore the sized non-woven fabric is obtained. Preferably, the second temperature is 125 ℃ which is greater than 120 ℃ at the highest of the first melting point range, but less than 200 ℃ at the lowest of the second melting point range.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 7, 8 and 9, the plurality of fibers includes a first fiber 10, a second fiber 20 and a third fiber 30, the oven temperature is set to a second temperature, the second temperature is greater than the first melting point but less than the second melting point, and the second temperature is less than but close to the third melting point, at this time, under the effect of the second temperature, the first fiber 10 is melted to be in a liquid state, the surface material 31 of the third fiber 30 is softened but not melted, because the first fiber 10, the second fiber 20 and the third fiber 30 are in a network structure of abutting or cross-connecting before the first fiber 10 is melted, after the first fiber 10 is melted, the liquid first fiber 10 can be attached to the second fiber 20 and the third fiber 30 and penetrate along the length direction of the second fiber 20 and the third fiber 30 under the capillary action, and finally gather at the cross-connecting point or the abutting point of the second fiber 20 and the third fiber 30, when the temperature cools, the first fibers 10 re-solidify into a solid, and the first fibers 10 gathered at the cross-connecting or abutment points hold the second fibers 20 and/or the third fibers 30 together to achieve a set, thereby obtaining a set nonwoven. Preferably, the second temperature is 125 ℃ which is greater than 120 ℃ which is the highest of the first melting point range, but less than 200 ℃ which is the lowest of the second melting point range and 130 ℃ which is the lowest of the third melting point range.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, before the step of S50, a step of preheating the nonwoven fabric to be set is further included in S40.
Step S40: a first temperature is applied, the first temperature being less than but near the first melting point, to soften the first fibers.
Specifically, the oven temperature is set to a first temperature that is less than but close to the first melting point, and since the first temperature is lower than the first melting point, the first fibers 10 soften but do not melt at the first temperature. Through preheating, through increasing the step of preheating, can make first fibre 10 thermally equivalent to avoid in the step of toasting, first fibre 10 leads to can not melt completely because of being heated inhomogeneously, and then promotes non-woven fabrics's design quality. Preferably, the first temperature is 85 ℃ which is less than but close to 90 ℃ which is the lowest value of the first melting point range.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3, the plurality of fiber materials includes first fibers 10, second fibers 20, and third fibers 30, and thus, after step S50, step S60 of heating to melt the material of the face material 31 is further included.
Step S60: applying a third temperature, the third temperature being greater than the third melting point but less than the second melting point and the fourth melting point, to melt the facestock of the third fiber.
Specifically, the oven temperature is set to a third temperature, the third temperature is higher than the third melting point but lower than the second melting point and the fourth melting point, under the action of the third temperature, the surface materials 31 of the first fiber 10 and the third fiber 30 are melted to be in a liquid state, the core material 32 of the third fiber 30 and the second fiber 20 are kept in a solid state, because before baking, the first fiber 10, the second fiber 20 and the third fiber 30 are in a three-dimensional net structure in an adjacent or cross connection manner, after the surface materials 31 of the first fiber 10 and the third fiber 30 are melted, the liquid surface materials 31 of the first fiber 10 and the liquid fiber 30 can be attached to the second fiber 20 and the third fiber 30 and penetrate along the length direction of the core material 32 of the second fiber 20 and the third fiber under the capillary action, and finally gather at the cross connection point or the point of the core material 32 of the second fiber 20 and the third fiber, after the temperature is cooled, the first fiber 10 and the third fiber surface materials 31 are solidified again into a solid, at this time, the first fibers 10 and the third fiber surface material 31 gathered at the cross-connecting points or the adjacent points fix the second fibers 20 and/or the third fiber core material 32 together to perform a setting function, thereby obtaining a set nonwoven fabric. Because the third fiber surface material 31 is coated on the outer surface of the third fiber core material 32 before melting, after melting, the cross connection point or the adjacent point of the third fiber core material 32 can be uniformly attached to the liquid surface material 31, thereby achieving better shaping effect. Preferably, the third temperature is 170 ℃ which is greater than 160 ℃ which is the highest value of the third melting point range, but less than 200 ℃ which is the lowest value of the second melting point range and 200 ℃ which is the lowest value of the fourth melting point range.
The preparation method of the non-woven fabric comprises the steps of carding and mixing first fibers 10 and second fibers 20 with different melting points to obtain mixed fibers, then lapping the mixed fibers to obtain the non-woven fabric to be shaped, baking the non-woven fabric through an oven, melting the first fibers 10 with low melting points, and using the melted first fibers 10 as glue to bond and shape the second fibers 20 subjected to three-dimensional lapping to form the non-woven fabric.
Specific examples are as follows.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a nonwoven fabric, please refer to fig. 1, fig. 4, fig. 5 and fig. 6, which includes the following steps:
(1) the first fibers 10 and the second fibers 20 are carded and uniformly mixed to obtain mixed fibers. Wherein the first fiber 10 is a polyester composite fiber provided by korea huiweisi, model 4080, which has a first melting point of 110 c, and the second fiber 20 is a modified polyester fiber provided by tankless seh company, model SHG01, which has a second melting point of 250 c.
(2) And (3) lapping the mixed fibers in a self-standing swinging cross folding lapping mode to obtain the non-woven fabric to be shaped. During the lapping process, the first fibers 10 and the second fibers 20 are changed from a linear shape to a three-dimensional net structure with an inclined net shape, and cross connection points exist among the fibers.
(3) And (3) putting the non-woven fabric to be shaped into an oven for baking to melt the first fibers 10, and cooling to obtain the shaped non-woven fabric. In the baking process, the temperature of the oven is set to be 120 ℃ as the second temperature, at this time, under the action of the second temperature, the first fiber 10 is melted to be liquid, because before the first fiber 10 is melted, a three-dimensional net structure of adjacent or cross-connected is formed between the first fiber 10 and the second fiber 20, after the first fiber 10 is melted, the liquid first fiber 10 can be attached to the second fiber 20 and permeate along the length direction of the second fiber 20 under the capillary action, and finally, the liquid first fiber 10 is gathered at the cross-connection point or the adjacent point of the second fiber 20, after the temperature is cooled, the first fiber 10 is re-solidified to be solid, and at this time, the first fiber 10 gathered at the cross-connection point fixes the second fiber 20 of the net structure together to play a shaping role, so that the shaped non-woven fabric is obtained.
According to the preparation method of the non-woven fabric, the hot-melt fibers are used for bonding and shaping, solvent-based glue is not used, VOCs (volatile organic compounds) are not discharged in the baking process, the preparation method is environment-friendly, and the problems that a large amount of VOCs are discharged in the process of preparing the non-woven fabric and residual glue solvent is volatilized in the subsequent use in the prior art are solved.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a nonwoven fabric, please refer to fig. 2, fig. 4, fig. 5, and fig. 6, which includes the following steps:
(1) the first fibers 10 and the second fibers 20 are carded and uniformly mixed to obtain mixed fibers. The first fiber 10 is a PP/PE-EAC composite polypropylene fiber provided by Nippon Chilean company, and has a first melting point of 110 ℃, and the second fiber 20 is a modified polyester high-resilience fiber provided by SYGHT01, and has a second melting point of 230 ℃.
(2) And (3) lapping the mixed fibers in a four-curtain type cross folding lapping mode to obtain the non-woven fabric to be shaped. During the lapping process, the first fibers 10 and the second fibers 20 are changed from a linear shape to a three-dimensional net structure with an inclined net shape, and cross connection points exist among the fibers.
(3) The nonwoven to be shaped is placed in an oven for preheating to soften the first fibers 10. Specifically, the oven first temperature was set to 85 ℃, and since this temperature was 110 ℃ below the first melting point, the first fibers 10 softened, but did not melt, at the first temperature.
(4) And (3) putting the non-woven fabric to be shaped into an oven for baking to melt the first fibers 10, and cooling to obtain the shaped non-woven fabric. Specifically, the second temperature of the oven is set to 120 ℃, because the temperature is higher than the first melting point, at this time, under the effect of the second temperature, the first fiber 10 is melted to be in a liquid state, because before the first fiber 10 is melted, a three-dimensional network structure of adjacent or cross-connected is formed between the first fiber 10 and the second fiber 20, after the first fiber 10 is melted, the liquid first fiber 10 can be attached to the second fiber 20 and permeate along the length direction of the second fiber 20 under the capillary action, and finally gather at the cross-connection point or the adjacent point of the second fiber 20, and after the temperature is cooled, the first fiber 10 is re-solidified to be a solid, at this time, the first fiber 10 gathered at the cross-connection point fixes the second fiber 20 of the network structure together to play a shaping role, so as to obtain the shaped non-woven fabric.
According to the preparation method of the non-woven fabric, the hot-melt fibers are used for bonding and shaping, solvent-based glue is not used, VOCs (volatile organic compounds) are not discharged in the baking process, the preparation method is environment-friendly, and the problems that a large amount of VOCs are discharged in the process of preparing the non-woven fabric and residual glue solvent is volatilized in the subsequent use in the prior art are solved. In addition, through increasing the step of preheating, can make first fibre 10 thermally equivalent to avoid in the step of toasting, first fibre 10 leads to can not completely melt because of being heated inhomogeneously, and then promotes non-woven fabrics's design quality
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a nonwoven fabric, please refer to fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 7, fig. 8, and fig. 9, which includes the following steps:
(1) and (3) carding and uniformly mixing the first fibers 10, the second fibers 20 and the third fibers 30 to obtain mixed fibers. Wherein the first fiber 10 is a polyester composite fiber provided by korean corporation, model number LMPET, having a first melting point of 100 ℃, the second fiber 20 is a high resilience modified polyester fiber provided by sinkless china corporation, model number YSGHT01, having a second melting point of 255 ℃, the third fiber 30 is a high elasticity low melting point fiber provided by japanese imperial corporation, model number ELK, comprising a face material 31 and a core material 32, wherein the face material 31 is made of a low melting point polyester material, having a third melting point of 145 ℃, and the core material 32 is a polyester fiber, having a fourth melting point of 240 ℃.
(2) And (3) lapping the mixed fibers in a vertical folding lapping mode to obtain the non-woven fabric to be shaped. During the lapping process, the first fiber 10, the second fiber 20 and the third fiber 30 are changed into a vertically folded three-dimensional net structure from a linear shape, and the fiber-to-fiber abutting points exist.
(3) The nonwoven to be shaped is placed in an oven for preheating to soften the first fibers 10. Specifically, the oven first temperature was set to 85 ℃, and since this temperature was 100 ℃ below the first melting point, the first fibers 10 softened, but did not melt, at the first temperature.
(4) The nonwoven to be shaped is placed in an oven for baking to melt the first fibers 10. Specifically, the second temperature of the oven is set to 120 ℃, since the temperature is higher than the first melting point but lower than the third melting point, at this time, under the effect of the second temperature, the first fiber 10 is melted to be in a liquid state, the third fiber surface material 31 is softened but not melted, and since the first fiber 10 is in a three-dimensional network structure with abutting or cross-connecting between the second fiber 20 and the third fiber before the first fiber 10 is melted, the liquid first fiber 10 can be attached to the second fiber 20 and the third fiber 30, and can penetrate along the length direction of the second fiber 20 and the third fiber 30 under the capillary action after the first fiber 10 is melted, and finally can be gathered at the abutting point of the second fiber 20 and the third fiber 30.
(5) The oven temperature was set to a third temperature of 170 c to melt the third fibrous face material 31. Since the third temperature is higher than the melting point of the third fiber surface material 31 but lower than the melting points of the second fiber 20 and the third fiber core material 32, the third fiber surface material 31 is melted by the third temperature, and the liquid third fiber surface material 31 can adhere to the second fiber 20 and the third fiber core material 32, and penetrate along the length direction of the second fiber 20 and the third fiber core material 32 by capillary action, and finally gather at the abutting point of the second fiber 20 and the third fiber core material 32. When the temperature is cooled, the first fibers 10 and the third fiber surface materials 31 are solidified into solid again, and at this time, the first fibers 10 and the third fiber surface materials 31 gathered at the intersection and adjacent points fix the second fibers 20 and/or the third fiber core materials 32 of the reticular structure together to perform a shaping function, so that the shaped non-woven fabric is obtained.
According to the preparation method of the non-woven fabric, the hot-melt fibers are used for bonding and shaping, solvent-based glue is not used, VOCs (volatile organic compounds) are not discharged in the baking process, the preparation method is environment-friendly, and the problems that a large amount of VOCs are discharged in the process of preparing the non-woven fabric and residual glue solvent is volatilized in the subsequent use in the prior art are solved. In addition, by adding the third fiber 30, on one hand, the surface material 31 can serve as glue in the shaping process of the non-woven fabric after being melted, and as the surface material 31 is coated on the outer surface of the core material 32, the connection points between the fibers can be fully soaked by the liquid surface material 31 after the surface material 31 is melted, and after being solidified, the non-woven fabric can obtain better shaping effect; on the other hand, the three-dimensional structure of the shaped non-woven fabric is more optimized, so that the physical properties of the non-woven fabric are obviously improved.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a nonwoven fabric, please refer to fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 7, fig. 8, and fig. 9, which includes the following steps:
(1) and (3) carding and uniformly mixing the first fibers 10, the second fibers 20 and the third fibers 30 to obtain mixed fibers. The first fiber 10 is a composite polypropylene fiber provided by Nippon Chinesian corporation and having a first melting point of 110 ℃, the second fiber 20 is a modified polyester fiber provided by Wuxi Shengcheng corporation and having a model of YSGHT01, having a second melting point of 255 ℃, the third fiber 30 is a low-melting-point composite fiber YS-ES1-PE/PP provided by Wuxi Shengcheng corporation and comprising a surface material 31 and a core material 32, wherein the surface material 31 is made of a low-melting-point polyester material and having a third melting point of 135 ℃, and the core material 32 is a polyester fiber and having a fourth melting point of 265 ℃.
(2) And (3) lapping the mixed fibers in a vertical folding lapping mode to obtain the non-woven fabric to be shaped. During the lapping process, the first fiber 10, the second fiber 20 and the third fiber 30 are changed into a vertically folded three-dimensional net structure from a linear shape, and the fiber-to-fiber abutting points exist.
(3) The nonwoven to be shaped is placed in an oven for preheating to soften the first fibers 10. Specifically, the oven first temperature was set to 85 ℃, and since this temperature was 110 ℃ below the first melting point, the first fibers 10 softened, but did not melt, at the first temperature.
(4) The nonwoven to be shaped is placed in an oven for baking to melt the first fibers 10. Specifically, the second temperature of the oven is set to 120 ℃, since the temperature is higher than the first melting point but lower than the third melting point, at this time, under the effect of the second temperature, the first fiber 10 is melted to be in a liquid state, the third fiber surface material 31 is softened but not melted, and since the first fiber 10 is in a three-dimensional network structure with abutting or cross-connecting between the second fiber 20 and the third fiber before the first fiber 10 is melted, the liquid first fiber 10 can be attached to the second fiber 20 and the third fiber 30, and can penetrate along the length direction of the second fiber 20 and the third fiber 30 under the capillary action after the first fiber 10 is melted, and finally can be gathered at the abutting point of the second fiber 20 and the third fiber 30.
(5) The oven temperature was set to a third temperature of 170 c to melt the third fibrous face material 31. Since the third temperature is higher than the melting point of the third fiber surface material 31 but lower than the melting points of the second fiber 20 and the third fiber core material 32, the third fiber surface material 31 is melted by the third temperature, and the liquid third fiber surface material 31 can adhere to the second fiber 20 and the third fiber core material 32, and penetrate along the length direction of the second fiber 20 and the third fiber core material 32 by capillary action, and finally gather at the abutting point of the second fiber 20 and the third fiber core material 32. When the temperature is cooled, the first fibers 10 and the third fiber surface materials 31 are solidified into solid again, and at this time, the first fibers 10 and the third fiber surface materials 31 gathered at the intersection and adjacent points fix the second fibers 20 and/or the third fiber core materials 32 of the reticular structure together to perform a shaping function, so that the shaped non-woven fabric is obtained.
According to the preparation method of the non-woven fabric, the hot-melt fibers are used for bonding and shaping, solvent-based glue is not used, VOCs (volatile organic compounds) are not discharged in the baking process, the preparation method is environment-friendly, and the problems that a large amount of VOCs are discharged in the process of preparing the non-woven fabric and residual glue solvent is volatilized in the subsequent use in the prior art are solved. In addition, by adding the third fiber 30, on one hand, the surface material 31 can serve as glue in the shaping process of the non-woven fabric after being melted, and as the surface material 31 is coated on the outer surface of the core material 32, the connection points between the fibers can be fully soaked by the liquid surface material 31 after the surface material 31 is melted, and after being solidified, the non-woven fabric can obtain better shaping effect; on the other hand, the three-dimensional structure of the shaped non-woven fabric is more optimized, so that the physical properties of the non-woven fabric are obviously improved.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. A preparation method of a non-woven fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps:
carding and uniformly mixing a plurality of fiber materials to obtain mixed fibers, wherein the plurality of fiber materials at least comprise first fibers and second fibers, the first fibers have a first melting point, the second fibers have a second melting point, and the first melting point is smaller than the second melting point;
folding and lapping the mixed fibers according to a preset mode to obtain the non-woven fabric to be shaped;
and applying a second temperature to the non-woven fabric to be shaped, wherein the second temperature is higher than the first melting point but lower than the second melting point, so that the first fibers are melted, and cooling to obtain the non-woven fabric.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said applying a second temperature, said second temperature being greater than said first melting point but less than said second melting point, further comprises a preheating step prior to said step of melting said first fibers, said preheating step comprising:
applying a first temperature, said first temperature being less than but near said first melting point, softening said first fibers.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of carding and uniformly mixing the plurality of fiber materials to obtain the mixed fiber further comprises a third fiber, wherein the third fiber comprises a face material and a core material, the face material has a third melting point, the core material has a fourth melting point, and the third melting point is greater than the first melting point but less than the second melting point and the fourth melting point.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein said second temperature is less than but near said third melting point to soften said facestock.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein said applying a second temperature, said second temperature being greater than said first melting point but less than said second melting point, melts said first fibers, said second temperature being less than but close to said third melting point, and further comprising the step of, after said step of softening said facestock:
applying a third temperature greater than the third melting point but less than the second melting point and the fourth melting point to melt the facestock.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first fibers are low-melting fibers, the first melting point is less than 120 ℃, the second fibers are polyester fibers or modified polyester fibers, and the second melting point is greater than 200 ℃.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the first fibers are low-melting-point fibers, the first melting point is less than 120 ℃, the second fibers are modified polyester fibers, the second melting point is greater than 200 ℃, the face material is made of a low-melting-point polyester material, the third melting point is selected from the range of 130 ℃ to 160 ℃, the core material is a polyester fiber, and the fourth melting point is greater than 200 ℃.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the first melting point is in the range of 90 ℃ to 115 ℃, the second melting point is greater than 250 ℃, the third melting point is in the range of 130 ℃ to 140 ℃, and the fourth melting point is in the range of 260 ℃ to 270 ℃.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the first fibers are any one of polypropylene (PP) fibers and Polyethylene (PE) fibers.
10. The method of claim 6, wherein the second fibers are modified polyester high resilience fibers.
11. The method of claim 7, wherein the third fibers are selected from any one of high elastic low melting point fibers ELK, low melting point composite fibers ES1-PE/PP, and low melting point composite fibers ES 2-PE/PET.
12. The method for preparing a nonwoven fabric according to any of claims 1 to 11, wherein the mixed fibers are subjected to fold-lapping in a predetermined manner by cross-fold lapping or vertical fold lapping.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the cross-folded lapping is selected from any one of vertical swing cross-folded lapping, four curtain cross-folded lapping, and two curtain sandwich cross-folded lapping.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115006997A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-09-06 | 杭州福斯特应用材料股份有限公司 | Semipermeable membrane composite material and preparation method thereof |
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