CN112481457A - Induction heating device and heat treatment equipment - Google Patents
Induction heating device and heat treatment equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112481457A CN112481457A CN202011521177.8A CN202011521177A CN112481457A CN 112481457 A CN112481457 A CN 112481457A CN 202011521177 A CN202011521177 A CN 202011521177A CN 112481457 A CN112481457 A CN 112481457A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/42—Induction heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/28—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for plain shafts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Induction Heating (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种感应加热装置及热处理设备，属于热处理技术领域，该感应加热装置包括至少两段内部中空的加热件、第一通管、第二通管和电阻控制模块，至少两段加热件沿待加工件的轴线方向依次间隔布置，每段加热件上均设有输入通道和输出通道，至少两段加热件的输入通道一一对应地与至少两个第一输出口相连通，至少两段加热件的输出通道一一对应地与至少两个第二输入口相连通，电阻控制模块设置于各第一输出口与相应加热件的输入通道之间。每段加热件之间相互并联，可以根据待加工件上不同的要求，实现至少两段加热件的输入功率的调控，提高待加工件的加热效果，改善加工工艺，提高产品的合格率。
The invention discloses an induction heating device and heat treatment equipment, belonging to the technical field of heat treatment. The induction heating device comprises at least two sections of a heating element with an inner hollow, a first through tube, a second through tube and a resistance control module, and the at least two sections of heating The pieces are arranged at intervals along the axis direction of the piece to be processed, and each section of the heating piece is provided with an input channel and an output channel, and the input channels of at least two sections of the heating piece are communicated with at least two first output ports in a one-to-one correspondence, at least The output channels of the two-stage heating elements are connected with at least two second input ports in a one-to-one correspondence, and the resistance control module is arranged between each first output port and the input channel of the corresponding heating element. Each section of heating elements is connected in parallel with each other, which can control the input power of at least two sections of heating elements according to the different requirements of the workpiece to be processed, improve the heating effect of the workpiece to be processed, improve the processing technology, and improve the qualification rate of the product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment, in particular to an induction heating device and heat treatment equipment.
Background
With the increasing popularity of automobiles and the increasing demand of people for automobiles, the manufacturing technology of automobile parts also meets new opportunities and challenges. The induction quenching heat treatment belongs to a very important special process in the processing of automobile parts, and greatly influences various mechanical property requirements of assembly parts. The mechanical properties such as high surface wear resistance, high yield strength, and high tensile strength are required for the parts such as the input shaft in the transmission and the balance shaft in the balance module, which are core components of the automobile. The heat treatment mode of improving various mechanical properties of parts through integral induction quenching becomes one of main heat treatment processes of automobile parts due to the advantages of high efficiency, low cost and the like.
However, with the development of the automobile industry and the diversification of the shapes of parts, the design and manufacture of the induction coil are difficult to develop for the induction quenching process. For example: for shaft parts, the depth of a hardened layer of a journal with a large diameter is required to be 3-5 mm, the original large-diameter area needs higher energy input to reach the austenite transformation temperature in the quenching and heating process due to the thicker material, the depth of the hardened layer of the journal with a small diameter is required to be 1-2 mm, and the energy input required for the small-diameter area to reach the austenite transformation temperature is smaller.
Because the input power of the whole induction coil at each section of the workpiece to be machined is consistent at the present stage, the requirement of the depth of the hardened layer of the small shaft neck and the large shaft neck cannot be met simultaneously, the condition that the input power is lost is often occurred, and the qualification rate of the product is reduced.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide an induction heating device and a heat treatment apparatus to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an induction heating device, which improves the processing technology and improves the qualification rate of products according to different hardened layers or surface hardness requirements on parts to be processed.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat treatment apparatus, which can improve the processing technology, the heating effect and the product yield according to different hardened layers or surface hardness requirements on the parts to be processed.
In order to realize the purpose, the following technical scheme is provided:
an induction heating apparatus for heating a workpiece to be processed, comprising:
the heating device comprises at least two sections of heating elements with hollow interiors, wherein the at least two sections of heating elements are arranged at one side of a workpiece to be processed, the at least two sections of heating elements are sequentially arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the workpiece to be processed, and each section of heating element is provided with an input channel and an output channel;
the first through pipe comprises a first body, a first input port and at least two first output ports, the first input port is positioned on one side of the first body, the at least two first output ports are arranged on the other side of the first body at intervals along the vertical direction, and the input channels of the at least two sections of heating elements are communicated with the at least two first output ports in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the second through pipe comprises a second body, a second output port and at least two second input ports, and the output channels of the at least two sections of heating elements are communicated with the at least two second input ports in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the resistance control module is arranged between each first output port and the corresponding input channel of the heating element, and is used for adjusting the resistance value of each section of the heating element.
As an alternative of the induction heating device, the resistance control module includes an insulating ceramic cylinder, a fixed table, a sliding part and a resistance wire, one end of the insulating ceramic cylinder is communicated with the input channel corresponding to the heating element, the other end of the insulating ceramic cylinder is communicated with the first output port of the first through pipe, the resistance wire is wound on the outer wall surface of the insulating ceramic cylinder, the two ends of the resistance wire are respectively electrically connected with the input channel corresponding to the heating element and the first through pipe, one end of the fixed table is sleeved on the outer wall surface of the input channel corresponding to the heating element, the other end of the fixed table is slidably provided with the sliding part, and one end of the sliding part is abutted to the resistance wire.
As an alternative of the induction heating device, a shifting part is arranged at the other end, away from the resistance wire, of the sliding part, and the shifting part is made of an insulating material.
As an alternative of the induction heating device, the resistance control module further comprises a cover body, wherein an opening of the cover body faces downwards and can be movably clamped on an outer wall surface of the fixed table.
As an alternative of the induction heating device, an insulating layer is arranged between two adjacent sections of the heating elements, and two opposite side surfaces of the insulating layer are respectively abutted against the two corresponding sections of the heating elements.
As an alternative of the induction heating device, two ends of the insulating ceramic cylinder are respectively in sealed insertion connection with the corresponding first output port and the corresponding input channel of the heating element.
As an alternative to the induction heating device, the induction heating device comprises three sections of the heating element, respectively:
first segmentation heating member, second segmentation heating member and the third segmentation heating member that from the top down set gradually, the second delivery outlet is located the below of the delivery channel of third segmentation heating member.
As an alternative of the induction heating device, the first sectional heating element includes a first sectional input channel, a first sectional heating body and a first sectional output channel which are sequentially communicated, the first sectional input channel and the first sectional output channel are respectively perpendicular to two ends of the first sectional heating body, and the extending direction of the first sectional input channel and the extending direction of the first sectional output channel are spatially perpendicular.
An alternative to the heat treatment device comprises an alternating current power supply and an induction heating device as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, said alternating current power supply being electrically connected to said first and second tubes, respectively.
As an alternative to the heat treatment apparatus, the heat treatment apparatus further comprises a cooling circulation device, an output end of the cooling circulation device is communicated with the first through pipe, and a return end of the cooling circulation device is communicated with the second through pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides an induction heating device, at least two sections of hollow heating elements are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of a workpiece to be processed, an input channel of each section of heating element is communicated with a corresponding first output port on a first through pipe, an output channel of each section of heating element is communicated with a corresponding second input port on a second through pipe, so that the parallel connection of the heating elements is realized, the function of adjusting the resistance value connected to each section of heating element is realized by arranging the resistance control module between the corresponding first output port and the corresponding output channel of each section of heating element, the resistance value of the resistance control module can be adjusted according to different hardened layers or surface hardness requirements on the workpiece to be processed, the regulation and control of the input power of at least two sections of heating elements are realized, namely, the heating power of the workpiece to be processed is regulated and controlled in a segmented manner, the processing technology is improved, and the qualification rate of the product is improved.
According to the heat treatment equipment provided by the invention, the power is regulated and controlled in a segmented manner according to different hardened layers or surface hardness requirements on the workpiece to be processed, the heating effect is improved, the processing technology is improved, and the qualification rate of products is increased.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an induction heating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first pipe in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second pipe in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a first segmented heating element in an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a first segmented heating element; 11. a first segmented input channel; 12. a first sectional heating body; 13. a first segmented output channel; 2. a second segmented heating element; 3. a third section heating element;
4. a first through pipe; 41. a first body; 42. a first input port; 43. a first output port;
5. a second pipe; 51. a second body; 52. a second input port; 53. a second output port;
6. a resistance control module; 61. an insulating porcelain cylinder; 62. a fixed table; 63. a slider; 631. a toggle part; 64. a resistance wire; 65. a cover body;
7. an insulating layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally placed when the products of the present invention are used, and are used only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements to be referred to must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; either mechanically or electrically. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The working principle of the induction heating device provided by the embodiment is as follows: the principle of electromagnetic induction is utilized to enable the part to be processed to cut magnetic lines of force in an alternating magnetic field, induced current is generated on the surface of the part to be processed, the surface of the part is rapidly heated in an eddy current mode according to the skin effect of alternating current, and quenching is carried out to realize quenching processing.
Details of the present embodiment are described below with reference to fig. 1 to 5. The embodiment provides an induction heating device, and this induction heating device is used for treating the machined part and heats, and the operating condition of the machined part is treated in the heating of the induction heating device that this embodiment provided, and induction heating device's inside passage adopts the cooling water cooling.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the induction heating apparatus includes: at least two sections of heating elements with hollow inner parts, a resistance control module 6, a first through pipe 4 and a second through pipe 5. The hollow heating members in at least two sections are arranged on one side of the workpiece to be processed, the adjacent two sections of heating members are arranged at intervals along the axis direction of the workpiece to be processed, and each section of heating member is provided with an input channel and an output channel. As shown in fig. 3-4, the first through pipe 4 includes a first body 41, a first input port 42 and at least two first output ports 43, the first body 41 is hollow, the first input port 42 is located at one side of the first body 41, the at least two first output ports 43 are arranged at the other side of the first body 41 at intervals along the vertical direction, and the input channels of the at least two sections of heating members are communicated with the at least two first output ports 43 in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the second duct 5 includes a second body 51, at least two second input ports 52 and a second output port 53, the second body 51 is hollow, and at least two sections of output channels of the heating element are communicated with the at least two second input ports 52 in a one-to-one correspondence manner. In this embodiment, the first input port 42 and the first output port 43 are respectively located on two opposite sides of the first body 41, so that an operator can distinguish and optimize the overall structure, and the occupied space is reduced. The input channel of every section heating member all is linked together with first siphunculus 4, and the delivery channel of every section heating member all is linked together with second siphunculus 5, realizes that all input channels and all delivery channel communicate respectively on first siphunculus 4 and second siphunculus 5. First siphunculus 4 and second siphunculus 5 are used for inserting the power, realize the parallelly connected of every section heating member, and first siphunculus 4 still is used for inserting cooling water with second siphunculus 5 simultaneously, and inside the cooling water flowed into the heating member from first siphunculus 4, then flowed out from second siphunculus 5, realize the cooling to induction heating device. The resistance control module 6 is used for adjusting the resistance value of accessing each section of heating element, and under the condition that the voltage accessed by each section of heating element is the same, the adjustment of the access current of each section of heating element is realized by adjusting the resistance value accessed by each section of heating element. The specific principle of the embodiment is as follows: the current intensity of each section of heating member is debugged through adjusting resistance, and current intensity influences magnetic field intensity, and magnetic field intensity influences part surface current size to influence heat transfer volume. The heating member of induction heating device adopts the inside copper pipe that is square passageway in this embodiment, treats that the machined part need be in rotatory state all the time when being heated by induction heating device.
In short, the induction heating device provided by the invention has the advantages that at least two sections of heating elements with hollow interiors are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of a shaft to be processed, the input channel of each section of heating element is communicated with the corresponding first output port 43 on the first through pipe 4, the output channel of each section of heating element is communicated with the corresponding second input port 52 on the second through pipe 5, the heating elements of each section are connected in parallel, the resistance control module 6 is arranged between the corresponding first output port 43 and the corresponding output channel of each section of heating element, the function of adjusting the resistance value connected to each section of heating element is realized, the resistance value of the resistance control module 6 can be adjusted according to different hardened layers or surface hardness requirements on a workpiece to be processed, the regulation and control of the input power of the at least two sections of heating elements are realized, namely, the heating power of the workpiece to be processed is regulated and controlled in sections, the processing, is beneficial to improving the qualification rate of products.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the resistance control module 6 includes an insulating ceramic cylinder 61, one end of the insulating ceramic cylinder 61 is fixed and communicated with the input channel of the corresponding heating element, and the other end of the insulating ceramic cylinder 61 is fixed and communicated with the first output port 43 of the first through pipe 4. The mode of mutual intercommunication is adopted, and smooth and easy circulation of cooling liquid is realized, reduces induction heating device self temperature, increase of service life. Further optionally, the resistance control module 6 further includes a fixing table 62, a sliding part 63 and a resistance wire 64, the resistance wire 64 is wound on the outer wall surface of the insulating ceramic cylinder 61, two ends of the resistance wire 64 are respectively electrically connected with the input channel corresponding to the heating member and the first through pipe 4, one end of the fixing table 62 is sleeved on the outer wall surface of the input channel corresponding to the heating member, the fixing table 62 can be stably arranged on the heating member, the sliding part 63 is slidably arranged at the other end of the fixing table 62, one end of the sliding part 63 is abutted to the resistance wire 64, two clamping jaws are arranged at the end part of the sliding part 63 abutted to the resistance wire 64, and the two clamping jaws are respectively and tightly attached to the resistance wire 64, so that the stability of the; on the other hand, when one clamping jaw is not in contact with the resistance wire 64, the other clamping jaw can also ensure the normal access of the circuit, the design redundancy of the induction heating device is improved, and the failure rate is reduced. Through adjusting the butt position of slider 63 with resistance wire 64, change the length of accessing resistance wire 64, realize the resistance value change, can adjust the input power of inputting every section heating member according to the sclerosis layer or the surface hardness requirement of waiting to process different on the part, improve the heating effect of waiting to process the part, increase the qualification rate of product.
Furthermore, the other end of the sliding part 63, which is far away from the resistance wire 64, is provided with a toggle part 631, and the toggle part 631 is made of an insulating material. The toggle part 631 made of insulating materials is arranged, so that on one hand, an operator can conveniently adjust the resistance control module 6 manually; on the other hand, the toggle part 631 is not conductive, and even under the condition of no power failure, an operator can adjust the resistance control module 6 to protect the safety of personnel.
Further, as shown in fig. 1-2, the resistance control module 6 further includes a cover 65, the fixed platform 62, the sliding member 63, and the resistance wire 64 may be located in the cover 65, and the cover 65 has a downward opening and is movably clamped on an outer wall surface of the fixed platform 62. When the workpiece to be processed is heated and enters the quenching stage, the cooling medium rapidly cools the workpiece to be processed in the red hot state, so that the cooling medium is prevented from being sputtered onto elements in the resistance control module 6, and the service life of the resistance control module 6 is prolonged. Specifically, the cover 65 is made of stainless steel or plastic.
Furthermore, an insulating layer 7 is arranged between two adjacent sections of heating elements, and two opposite side surfaces of the insulating layer 7 are respectively abutted to the two corresponding sections of heating elements. Parallel connection between every section heating member, through addding insulating layer 7, further realize the galvanic isolation between the adjacent heating member, further guarantee induction heating device's normal use, reduce the fault rate.
Further, the first output port 43 and two ends of the insulating ceramic cylinder 61 are respectively in sealed insertion connection with the corresponding first output port 43 and the corresponding input channel of the heating element. The shapes of the sealing insertion positions at the two ends of the insulating ceramic cylinder 61 are respectively matched with the shapes of the first output port 43 and the input channel of the heating element, so that the assembly, the maintenance and the replacement of the induction heating device are facilitated. Specifically, the sealing ring is arranged at the sealing insertion position, so that the sealing effect is further improved.
Further, the induction heating device comprises three sections of heating elements, wherein the three sections of heating elements are respectively as follows: first subsection heating member 1, second subsection heating member 2 and third subsection heating member 3, the output channel of first subsection heating member 1, second subsection heating member 2 and third subsection heating member 3 all is linked together with corresponding second input port 52, and second output port 53 is located the below of the output channel of third subsection heating member 3. Establish second delivery outlet 53 in the below of third subsection heating member 3's delivery channel, the quick outflow of the inside cooling water of the heating member of being convenient for reduces the temperature of heating member fast, avoids the heating member because high temperature takes place the oxidation, prolongs the life of heating member.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 in combination with fig. 5, the first sectional heating element 1 includes a first sectional input channel 11, a first sectional heating body 12 and a first sectional output channel 13, the first sectional input channel 11 and the first sectional output channel 13 are respectively perpendicular to two ends of the first sectional heating body 12, and the extending direction of the first sectional input channel 11 is spatially perpendicular to the extending direction of the first sectional output channel 13. The mode that the extending direction of the first subsection input channel 11 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the first subsection output channel 13 in space is adopted, the heating element can be used even after the positions of the input channel and the output channel of the heating element are changed, and the applicability of the heating element is improved. In other embodiments, the first sectional input channel 11 and the first sectional output channel 13 can be hermetically inserted into the first sectional heating body 12, so as to facilitate splicing of the induction heating device; when the channel is blocked, the input channel, the output channel and the heating element are convenient to replace, the whole induction heating device is prevented from being abandoned, and the production cost is reduced. Preferably, the structures of the second sectional heating element 2 and the third sectional heating element 3 are the same as those of the first sectional heating element 1, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
The embodiment also provides a heat treatment device, which comprises an alternating current power supply and the induction heating device, wherein the alternating current power supply is respectively and electrically connected with the first through pipe 4 and the second through pipe 5. Further, the heat treatment equipment also comprises a cooling circulation device, the output end of the cooling circulation device is communicated with the first through pipe 4, the reflux end of the cooling circulation device is communicated with the second through pipe 5, and the heat conduction influence of the heating element on the external environment is reduced. Further optionally, the heat treatment equipment further comprises a rapid spraying device, after the workpiece to be processed is heated, the rapid spraying device rapidly sprays a large amount of cooling medium aiming at the workpiece to be processed in the red hot state, and the final stage of quenching treatment of the workpiece to be processed is completed.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
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