CN112481441A - Physical simulation method for slag foaming in converter - Google Patents
Physical simulation method for slag foaming in converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN112481441A CN112481441A CN202011091674.9A CN202011091674A CN112481441A CN 112481441 A CN112481441 A CN 112481441A CN 202011091674 A CN202011091674 A CN 202011091674A CN 112481441 A CN112481441 A CN 112481441A
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- converter
- oil
- slag
- acid solution
- sodium carbonate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/36—Processes yielding slags of special composition
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/36—Processes yielding slags of special composition
- C21C2005/366—Foam slags
Abstract
The invention provides a physical simulation method for foaming of molten slag in a converter, belonging to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy. The method comprises the steps of sequentially adding acid solution and oil into a converter physical model made of organic glass to simulate molten steel and converter slag respectively, then adding sodium carbonate particles from the upper part of a converter mouth under the action of jet flow of an oxygen lance, and generating CO by means of reaction between the sodium carbonate particles dispersed in the oil and the acid solution2The method is used for simulating the slag foaming phenomenon caused by slag-gold interface reaction in the converter smelting process and recording the evolution process of the foam slag liquid level along with time. The method can simulate the slag foaming process in the converter, and provides a way for slag-gold-gas multiphase reaction simulation in the converter; and the operation is simple and safe, and the simulation reduction degree is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, and particularly relates to a physical simulation method for foaming of molten slag in a converter.
Background
Slag foaming is a common phenomenon throughout the metallurgical process and plays an extremely important role in the steel making process. The proper foaming is beneficial to increasing the reaction interfacial area between slag-gold-gas and improving the smelting efficiency and the energy utilization efficiency. Insufficient or excessive foaming can not only affect smelting efficiency, but also cause splashing accidents in severe cases, and cause personal injuries and equipment damages. Therefore, the accurate control of slag foaming is of great significance to the high-efficiency production and safety guarantee of the metallurgical process.
At present, three research means of high-temperature experimental simulation, cold-state physical simulation and numerical simulation are mainly used for researching slag foaming. However, since the slag foaming is difficult to observe and sample under high temperature conditions, the high temperature experimental simulation of the slag foaming is greatly restricted, and the complicated slag-gold-gas multiphase reaction in the molten bath also causes great difficulty in mathematical simulation, the research on the forming mechanism and the control method of the converter splashing is still deficient. In comparison, the cold physical simulation has many advantages such as safety, reality and simple operation. The physical simulation method must follow a similar theory, firstly, the geometric similarity of a model and a prototype must be satisfied, secondly, the dynamic similarity is also an important similar condition, and molten steel, oil simulation molten steel and molten slag are usually selected according to the physical property similarity in an experiment.
In the converter smelting process, the foaming of the molten slag is mainly caused by a large amount of CO and CO generated by decarburization reaction2Caused by gas (internal gas generation source). At present, compressed air is usually used for simulating high-speed oxygen lance jet flow in a converter physical simulation experiment, but the simulation of slag-gold-gas multiphase reaction (such as decarburization reaction on a slag-gold interface) is rarely reported, and the simulation of a slag foaming process in the converter is still blank. The patent CN205517664U relates to a device for simulating the interaction of the gas products of chemical reactions in converter steelmaking with the molten bath, which simulates the gas generated by chemical reactions by introducing compressed air at different heights inside the converter model molten bath, and in fact this gas is still an external source of introduced gas and not chemically reactive. There is a substantial difference in the foamed slag produced by the internal and external bleed air sources. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a physical simulation method for slag foaming in a converter, which provides reference for the theoretical research on slag foaming.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the invention provides a physical simulation method for foaming of slag in a converter. The slag foaming phenomenon is caused by gas released by slag-gold chemical reaction under the smelting condition of the converter; the invention uses acid solution and oil to simulate molten steel and slag respectively, and generates CO by the reaction of sodium carbonate particles on an acid-oil interface and the acid solution2The gas simulates the reaction at the slag-gold interface, so that the foaming of the oil simulates the foaming phenomenon of the slag. The method provides a way for slag-gold-gas multiphase reaction simulation in the converter, and has the characteristics of safe and simple operation and high simulated reduction degree.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a physical simulation method for slag foaming in a converter comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, sequentially adding acid solution and oil into a converter physical model made of organic glass to respectively simulate molten steel and converter slag;
secondly, adding sodium carbonate particles from the upper part of a converter mouth of the physical model of the converter;
thirdly, opening a top-blowing oxygen lance for gas supply, settling sodium carbonate particles to an acid solution-oil interface through an oil layer by means of jet flow of the oxygen lance, and reacting the sodium carbonate particles with an acid solution to generate a large amount of CO2The gas thereby foamed the oil layer to simulate the foaming of slag in the converter, and the change in the height of the foam liquid level was recorded.
The acid solution is sulfuric acid solution, hydrochloric acid solution or oxalic acid solution, wherein H+The concentration is 1.88 to 5.64 mol/L.
The oil is heat conduction oil, dimethyl silicone oil, engine oil, vegetable oil or vacuum pump oil, and the vegetable oil is castor oil, peanut oil or soybean oil. The density of the oil is 850-970 kg/m3Dynamic viscosity of (125-970) x 10- 3Pa.s (25 ℃), and foaming phenomenon under different viscosity conditions can be simulated by adopting different types of oil.
Granules of said sodium carbonate particlesThe diameter is 250-1000 μm, and the amount of the substance added with the sodium carbonate particles is 1/6-1/2 times of H+The amount of the substances and the addition amount of the sodium carbonate particles are changed, so that the slag foaming phenomenon under the conditions of different gas generation amounts can be simulated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a physical simulation method for foaming of molten slag in a converter, which is characterized in that gas generated by chemical reaction between sodium carbonate particles on an acid solution-oil interface and the acid solution is utilized to foam oil so as to simulate the foaming process of the molten slag caused by decarburization reaction on a slag-gold interface in the actual converter smelting process, thereby realizing the simulation of a slag-gold-gas multiphase reaction system in the converter smelting process. The method provided by the invention is simple and safe to operate, has high simulated reduction degree, and provides a way for slag-gold-gas multiphase reaction simulation in the converter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the slag foaming evolution process simulated in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a process of the liquid level of the foamed slag simulated in examples 1-4 with time.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail in connection with the accompanying drawings and the detailed description for the purpose of better explaining the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a physical simulation method for slag foaming in a converter, which specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, dilute sulfuric acid solution and dimethyl silicone oil are sequentially added into a converter physical model made of organic glass to respectively simulate molten steel and converter slag.
H in the dilute sulfuric acid solution+The concentration is 5.64 mol/L; the density of the dimethyl silicone oil is 970kg/m3Dynamic viscosity of 970X 10-3Pa·s(25℃)。
Secondly, adding sodium carbonate particles from the upper part of a converter mouth of the physical model of the converter; the particle size of the sodium carbonate particles is 1000 mu m, and the amount of substances added into the sodium carbonate particles is 1/2 times of H+The amount of the substance.
The third stepOpening the top-blowing oxygen lance to supply gas, and precipitating sodium carbonate particles to an acid-oil interface through an oil layer by means of jet flow of the oxygen lance to react with a dilute sulfuric acid solution to generate a large amount of CO2Gas, thereby foaming the oil layer, and recording the change in the height of the foam level.
The evolution process of slag foaming during converter smelting simulated in this example is shown in FIG. 1. Impacting Na in the pit area under the impact action of top-blown jet flow after gas supply is started2CO3The particles react first with the underlying dilute sulfuric acid solution. Subsequently, Na in other regions2CO3The particles are all gradually settled to the interface of the dimethyl silicone oil-dilute sulfuric acid solution, and the interface of the dimethyl silicone oil-dilute sulfuric acid solution is Na2CO3The main site of chemical reaction with dilute sulfuric acid solution. As the chemical reaction proceeds, tiny CO is continuously generated on the interface of the dimethyl silicon oil-dilute sulfuric acid solution2Air bubbles. Under the action of buoyancy, these CO2The bubbles slowly float upwards in the simethicone layer, and finally accumulate on the simethicone liquid level to form a stable foam layer, and the thickness of the simethicone foam layer is continuously increased along with the time. When the gas generation speed on the dimethylsilicone oil-dilute sulfuric acid solution interface is equal to the bubble rupture speed on the liquid surface, the thickness of the foam layer reaches the maximum and does not change any more. The average diameter of the bubbles increases from 0.50mm to 5.46mm as the height increases within the foam layer, and the shape of the bubbles changes from spherical to irregular. As the reactants are consumed, the rate of gas generation decreases and the foam layer begins to decay, the rate of decay becoming less as the height decreases.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a physical simulation method for slag foaming in a converter, which specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, dilute hydrochloric acid solution and dimethyl silicone oil are sequentially added into a converter physical model made of organic glass to respectively simulate molten steel and converter slag.
H in the dilute hydrochloric acid solution+The concentration is 3.76 mol/L; the density of the dimethyl silicone oil is 970kg/m3Dynamic viscosity of 218X 10-3Pa·s(25℃)。
Secondly, adding sodium carbonate particles from the upper part of a furnace mouth of a physical model of the converter, wherein the particle size of the sodium carbonate particles is 500 mu m, and the mass of the added sodium carbonate particles is 1/2 times H+The amount of the substance.
Thirdly, opening a top-blowing oxygen lance for gas supply, and settling sodium carbonate particles to the interface of the simethicone-dilute hydrochloric acid solution through an oil layer by means of jet flow of the oxygen lance, wherein the sodium carbonate particles react with the dilute hydrochloric acid solution to generate a large amount of CO2Gas, thereby foaming the oil layer, and recording the change in the height of the liquid level of the foamed slag.
The evolution process of the foam slag liquid level with time simulated in the embodiment is shown in fig. 2.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a physical simulation method for slag foaming in a converter, which specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, adding oxalic acid solution and engine oil into a converter physical model made of organic glass in sequence to respectively simulate molten steel and converter slag.
H in the oxalic acid solution+The concentration is 1.88 mol/L; the density of the engine oil is 910kg/m3Dynamic viscosity of 700X 10-3Pa·s(25℃)。
Secondly, adding sodium carbonate particles from the upper part of a furnace mouth of a physical model of the converter, wherein the particle size of the sodium carbonate particles is 750 mu m, and the mass of the added sodium carbonate particles is 1/3 times of H+The amount of the substance.
Thirdly, opening a top-blowing oxygen lance for gas supply, and settling sodium carbonate particles to the interface of the engine oil-oxalic acid solution through an oil layer by means of jet flow of the oxygen lance, wherein the sodium carbonate particles react with the oxalic acid solution to generate a large amount of CO2Gas, thereby foaming the oil layer, and recording the change in the height of the foam level.
The evolution process of the foam slag liquid level with time simulated in the embodiment is shown in fig. 2.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a physical simulation method for slag foaming in a converter, which specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, adding a sulfuric acid solution and heat conduction oil into a converter physical model made of organic glass in sequence to respectively simulate molten steel and converter slag.
H in the sulfuric acid solution+The concentration is 1.88 mol/L; the density of the heat transfer oil is 850kg/m3Dynamic viscosity of 125X 10-3Pa·s(25℃)。
Secondly, adding sodium carbonate particles from the upper part of a furnace mouth of a physical model of the converter, wherein the particle size of the sodium carbonate particles is 250 mu m, and the mass of the added sodium carbonate particles is 1/6 times H+The amount of the substance.
Thirdly, opening the top-blowing oxygen lance to supply gas, and by means of jet flow effect of the oxygen lance, the sodium carbonate particles are settled to the interface of the heat conduction oil-sulfuric acid solution through the oil layer and react with the sulfuric acid solution to generate a large amount of CO2Gas, thereby foaming the oil layer, and recording the change in the height of the liquid level of the foamed slag.
The evolution process of the foam slag liquid level with time simulated in the embodiment is shown in fig. 2.
Claims (6)
1. A physical simulation method for slag foaming in a converter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, sequentially adding acid solution and oil into a converter physical model made of organic glass to respectively simulate molten steel and converter slag;
h of the acid solution+The concentration is 1.88-5.64 mol/L;
the density of the oil is 850-970 kg/m3The dynamic viscosity at 25 ℃ is (125-970) x 10-3Pa·s；
Secondly, adding sodium carbonate particles from the upper part of a converter mouth of the physical model of the converter; the amount of the sodium carbonate particles is 1/6-1/2 times H+The amount of the substance;
thirdly, opening a top-blowing oxygen lance for gas supply, settling sodium carbonate particles to an acid solution-oil interface through an oil layer by means of jet flow of the oxygen lance, and reacting the sodium carbonate particles with an acid solution to generate a large amount of CO2Gas, thereby foaming the oil layer to simulate the foaming of slag in the converter, and recording the height of the liquid level of the foamAnd (4) changing.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the acid solution is a sulfuric acid solution, a hydrochloric acid solution, or an oxalic acid solution.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the oil is a heat transfer oil, a dimethyl silicone oil, an engine oil, a vegetable oil or a vacuum pump oil.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the vegetable oil is castor oil, peanut oil or soybean oil.
5. The method according to claim 1, 2 or 4, wherein the sodium carbonate particles in the second step have a particle size of 250 to 1000 μm.
6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the sodium carbonate particles in the second step have a particle size of 250 to 1000 μm.
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| CN202011091674.9A CN112481441B (en) | 2020-10-13 | 2020-10-13 | Physical simulation method for slag foaming in converter |
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| CN202011091674.9A CN112481441B (en) | 2020-10-13 | 2020-10-13 | Physical simulation method for slag foaming in converter |
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| CN112481441A true CN112481441A (en) | 2021-03-12 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2519273Y (en) * | 2002-02-01 | 2002-10-30 | 北京科技大学 | Experimental equipment for measuring foaming height of high temperature metalugical moltenslag |
| CN1392414A (en) * | 2002-02-01 | 2003-01-22 | 北京科技大学 | Method for analyzing and studying high temperature foaming of metallurgical cinder |
| JP2003213314A (en) * | 2002-01-17 | 2003-07-30 | Jfe Steel Kk | Inhibitor for foaming in desiliconizing treatment on casting floor for molten iron and its charging method |
| CN106493318A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-03-15 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of smelting iron and steel system water model experiment covering slag |
| CN107941999A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-04-20 | 钢铁研究总院 | A kind of Cold simulating test method for simulating reaction generation gas in high temperature molten bath |
-
2020
- 2020-10-13 CN CN202011091674.9A patent/CN112481441B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003213314A (en) * | 2002-01-17 | 2003-07-30 | Jfe Steel Kk | Inhibitor for foaming in desiliconizing treatment on casting floor for molten iron and its charging method |
| CN2519273Y (en) * | 2002-02-01 | 2002-10-30 | 北京科技大学 | Experimental equipment for measuring foaming height of high temperature metalugical moltenslag |
| CN1392414A (en) * | 2002-02-01 | 2003-01-22 | 北京科技大学 | Method for analyzing and studying high temperature foaming of metallurgical cinder |
| CN106493318A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-03-15 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of smelting iron and steel system water model experiment covering slag |
| CN107941999A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-04-20 | 钢铁研究总院 | A kind of Cold simulating test method for simulating reaction generation gas in high temperature molten bath |
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