CN112477610A - New energy automobile and regenerative braking force distribution method thereof - Google Patents
New energy automobile and regenerative braking force distribution method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112477610A CN112477610A CN202011463067.0A CN202011463067A CN112477610A CN 112477610 A CN112477610 A CN 112477610A CN 202011463067 A CN202011463067 A CN 202011463067A CN 112477610 A CN112477610 A CN 112477610A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
- B60L7/18—Controlling the braking effect
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Abstract
The invention discloses a new energy automobile and a method for distributing regenerative braking force of the new energy automobile, and relates to the technical field of new energy automobile braking. The new energy automobile regenerative braking force distribution method comprises the following steps: distributing the total braking force to the front wheels and the rear wheels, distributing more total braking force to the rear wheels when the braking intensity is smaller, and distributing the total braking force to the front wheels and the rear wheels according to an ideal braking force distribution mode when the braking intensity is larger; the distributed total braking force of the rear wheel is divided into the friction braking force of the rear wheel and the braking force of the motor, when the motor can meet the braking requirement, the total braking force of the rear wheel is distributed to the motor as much as possible, and when the motor can not meet the braking requirement, the friction braking force of the rear wheel is compensated. When the new energy automobile regenerative braking force distribution method is used for distributing the regenerative braking force, the braking capability of the motor can be fully exerted on the basis of ensuring better braking feeling, and efficient braking energy recovery is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy automobile braking, in particular to a new energy automobile regenerative braking force distribution method and a new energy automobile.
Background
The traditional fuel oil automobile adopts mechanical friction force to brake, the new energy automobile can brake the automobile through the motor anti-dragging torque, meanwhile, the motor generates electricity, and the generated electric energy is stored in the battery, so that the energy consumption of the automobile is saved.
At present, a method for distributing regenerative braking force adopted by a new energy automobile generally is a method for distributing braking force ratio of front wheels and rear wheels to be fixed and superposing braking force of a motor on the rear wheels. The method has the advantages that the original braking system is slightly changed, the front wheel and the rear wheel can participate in braking, the braking feeling is good, but the defects that the braking capability of the motor cannot be fully exerted, the recovery efficiency of the braking energy is low, and the danger of losing the braking can occur under individual extreme working conditions are overcome.
Accordingly, a new energy vehicle and a method for distributing regenerative braking force thereof are needed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a new energy automobile and a method for distributing regenerative braking force of the new energy automobile, which can give full play to the braking capability of a motor and realize efficient braking energy recovery on the basis of ensuring better braking feeling.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a new energy automobile regenerative braking force distribution method comprises the following steps:
s1, distributing the total braking force to a front wheel and a rear wheel, distributing the total braking force to the rear wheel more when the braking intensity z is smaller, and distributing the total braking force to the front wheel and the rear wheel in an ideal braking force distribution mode when the braking intensity z is larger;
s2, distributing the obtained total braking force F of the rear wheelrDivided into rear-wheel friction braking forces FMAnd electric machine braking force FTWhen the motor can meet the braking requirement, the total braking force F of the rear wheel is usedrAs much as possible is allocated to the electric motor, and when the electric motor is unable to meet the braking demand, the braking force F is frictionally applied by the rear wheelsMCompensation is performed.
Alternatively, in the step S1, the total braking force distribution strategy is as follows:
0≤z<k1when the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
k1≤z<k2when the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
when k2 is less than or equal to z,
wherein, FfThe total braking force of a front wheel is G, the total weight of the new energy automobile is G, a is the distance from the mass center of the new energy automobile to a front shaft, b is the distance from the mass center of the new energy automobile to a rear shaft, and h isgIs the height of the mass center, k, of the new energy automobile1And k2Are calibratable intensity limits.
Alternatively, k1Is 0.18-0.21.
Optionally, k is carried out according to the braking efficiency and the braking stability of the new energy automobile2And (4) calibrating.
Alternatively, k2Is 0.28-0.31.
Optionally, the step S2 includes:
Fr≤FTmaxwhen F is presentT＝Fr，FM＝0；
FTmax<FrWhen F is presentT＝FTmax，FM＝FR-FT；
Wherein, FTmaxThe maximum braking force that the motor can provide.
Optionally, the step S2 further includes:
when the motor fails to provide braking force, FT＝0，FM＝Fr。
The invention also provides a new energy automobile, which uses the new energy automobile regenerative braking force distribution method to distribute the regenerative braking force.
Optionally, the new energy automobile is a 4 × 2 type rear-drive automobile.
Optionally, the new energy automobile comprises a brake pedal, and a displacement sensor is mounted at the brake pedal to measure the stroke of the brake pedal.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a new energy automobile and a method for distributing regenerative braking force of the new energy automobile. On the basis, the total braking force is distributed to the rear wheels more when the braking strength is small, and then the braking force of the rear wheels is preferentially distributed to the motor, so that the relatively efficient braking energy recovery effect is realized; meanwhile, when the braking strength is high, the braking efficiency and the braking stability are also ensured by distributing the total braking force to the front wheel and the rear wheel according to an ideal braking force distribution mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for distributing regenerative braking force of a new energy automobile according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a regenerative braking force distribution curve corresponding to the method for distributing the regenerative braking force of the new energy vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.
The embodiment provides a new energy automobile regenerative braking force distribution method which is suitable for automobiles in a rear drive type, such as a 4 x 2 type rear drive automobile. As shown in fig. 1-2, the new energy vehicle regenerative braking force distribution method includes the following steps:
s1, distributing the total braking force to the front wheels and the rear wheels, and distributing the total braking force to the rear wheels more when the braking strength z is smaller; when the braking intensity z is large, the total braking force is distributed to the front wheels and the rear wheels in an ideal braking force distribution mode.
Specifically, a sensor may be installed at the brake pedal to measure the stroke of the brake pedal, so as to determine the braking demand of the driver, and further determine the total braking force required by the entire vehicle by combining the factors such as the weight of the entire vehicle, which is the prior art and is not described herein again. The braking strength z refers to the ratio of the braking deceleration of the whole vehicle to the gravity acceleration.
In the present embodiment, the total braking force distribution strategy used in step S1 is specifically as follows:
(1)0≤z<k1when the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
(2)k1≤z<k2when the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
(3) when k2 is less than or equal to z,
wherein, FfFor total front wheel braking force, FrThe total braking force of the rear wheel is G, the total weight of the new energy automobile is G, a is the distance from the mass center of the new energy automobile to the front axle, b is the distance from the mass center of the new energy automobile to the rear axle, and h isgIs the height of the mass center of the new energy automobile, k1And k2Are calibratable intensity limits.
The above-described total brake force distribution strategy is described below in conjunction with FIG. 2. Fig. 2 is a graph of regenerative braking force distribution corresponding to this distribution strategy. In FIG. 2, the abscissa is the total front wheel braking force FfThe ordinate is the total braking force F of the rear wheelr. The regenerative braking force curve is divided into a first curve segment M1 (i.e., the AB segment), a second curve segment M2 (i.e., the BO segment), and a third curve segment M3 according to the z value. Wherein k is1For the braking intensity, k, at point B in the regenerative braking force distribution curve2The braking strength at the point O in the regenerative braking force distribution curve.
As can be seen from the first curve segment M1 of fig. 2, when the braking intensity z is relatively small, the regenerative braking force distribution curve is more toward the longitudinal axis, i.e., the total braking force is distributed to the rear wheels more, so that more total braking force is distributed to the motor, and more efficient braking energy recovery can be realized. Meanwhile, although the total braking force of the front wheels is small, the front wheels and the rear wheels are both involved in braking, so that better braking feeling and braking stability can be ensured.
Further, as can be seen from the second curve segment M2 of fig. 2, when the braking intensity z increases, the front wheel and the rear wheel still jointly participate in the braking, and the total braking force F of the rear wheelrKeeping unchanged, total front wheel braking force FfGradually increasing. It should be noted, however, that k is taken at the braking intensity z2Before, FrHas a value of greater than FfTo ensure that the rear wheels can be divided into more total braking force.
As can be seen from the third curve segment M3 of fig. 2, when the braking strength z is large, the braking force distribution of the front and rear wheels conforms to the ideal braking force distribution mode, so that the braking effectiveness and the braking stability of the entire vehicle can be ensured. Specifically, the ideal braking force distribution mode refers to a braking force distribution mode when the front and rear wheels are simultaneously locked, which is the prior art and is not described herein again.
When actually used, k1May be determined based on the slope of the first curve segment M1. Taking fig. 2 as an example, the larger the slope of the first curve segment M1, the closer the intersection point B of the first curve segment M1 and the second curve segment M2 is to the longitudinal axis side, and the k corresponding to the point B1The smaller the value. Preferably, the slope of the first curve segment M1 may take on the range of 3.5-4.
In this example, k1Has a value of 0.18 to 0.21. E.g. k1And may be 0.2, 0.18 or 0.21.
Limiting k for a second braking intensity2Then, the second braking strength k can be limited according to the braking efficiency and the braking stability of the new energy automobile2And (6) calibrating. Preferably, the second braking intensity limit k2Is 0.28-0.31. E.g. k2And may be 0.30, 0.28 or 0.31.
S2, distributing the obtained total braking force F of the rear wheelrDivided into rear-wheel friction braking forces FMAnd electric machine braking force FTWhen the motor can meet the braking requirement, the total braking force F of the rear wheel is usedrAs much as possibleIs distributed to the motor; when the motor is unable to meet the braking demand, the braking force F is frictionally applied by the rear wheelMCompensation is performed.
I.e. the total rear wheel braking force F to be distributed in the case of a rear axle to which as much braking force as possible is distributedrDivided into rear-wheel friction braking forces FMAnd electric machine braking force FTAnd distributing the braking force to the motor as much as possible, including the following cases:
the first condition is as follows: fr≤FTmaxWhen F is presentT＝Fr，FM＝0。
Wherein, FTmaxThe maximum braking force which can be provided by the motor. I.e. braking the rear wheels F in the case where the motor itself is able to meet the braking demandrThe brake energy is distributed to the motor as much as possible so as to give full play to the braking capability of the motor and realize high-efficiency braking energy recovery.
Case two: fTmax<FrWhen F is presentT＝FTmax，FM＝FR-FT。
Namely, when the total braking force of the rear wheels distributed to the rear axle is large and the motor is not enough to meet the braking requirement, the motor brake and the rear wheel friction brake work simultaneously.
Further, there may also be a case three: the motor is unable to provide braking force, FT＝0，FM＝Fr。
That is, when the motor fails to provide braking force for some reason, the rear axle braking force demand is met by rear wheel friction.
In summary, the embodiment provides a new energy automobile regenerative braking force distribution method, and in the vehicle braking process, because both the front wheels and the rear wheels distribute braking force and participate in braking, better braking feeling and braking stability can be ensured all the time. On the basis of this, the rear wheel braking force F is further increased by distributing the total braking force to the rear wheels more when the braking intensity z is lowerrThe brake energy is preferentially distributed to the motor, and the relatively high-efficiency brake energy recovery effect is realized. At the same time, when the braking intensity z is large, the total braking force is distributed according to the ideal braking force distribution modeThe braking efficiency and the braking stability are also ensured for the front wheel and the rear wheel.
The embodiment also provides a new energy automobile, and the new energy automobile performs regenerative braking force distribution by using the method for distributing the regenerative braking force of the new energy automobile, so that the braking capability of the motor can be fully exerted on the basis of ensuring better braking feeling, and efficient braking energy recovery is realized. Optionally, the new energy automobile is a 4 × 2 type rear drive automobile.
Optionally, the new energy automobile comprises a brake pedal, a displacement sensor is mounted at the brake pedal to measure the stroke of the brake pedal, so that the braking demand of a driver can be determined, the total braking force required by the new energy automobile can be determined by combining the weight of the whole automobile and other factors, and the new energy automobile is more convenient to use.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, the present invention should not be limited by the description of the present invention, which should be interpreted as a limitation.
Claims (10)
1. The new energy automobile regenerative braking force distribution method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, distributing the total braking force to a front wheel and a rear wheel, distributing the total braking force to the rear wheel more when the braking intensity z is smaller, and distributing the total braking force to the front wheel and the rear wheel in an ideal braking force distribution mode when the braking intensity z is larger;
s2, distributing the obtained total braking force F of the rear wheelrDivided into rear-wheel friction braking forces FMAnd electric machine braking force FTWhen the motor can meet the braking requirement, the total braking force F of the rear wheel is usedrAs much as possible is allocated to the electric motor, and when the electric motor is unable to meet the braking demand, the braking force F is frictionally applied by the rear wheelsMCompensation is performed.
2. The new energy vehicle regenerative braking force distribution method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the distribution strategy of the total braking force is as follows:
0≤z<k1when the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
k1≤z<k2when the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
when k2 is less than or equal to z, Ff+Fr＝G·z，
Wherein, FfThe total braking force of a front wheel is G, the total weight of the new energy automobile is G, a is the distance from the mass center of the new energy automobile to a front shaft, b is the distance from the mass center of the new energy automobile to a rear shaft, and h isgIs the height of the mass center, k, of the new energy automobile1And k2Are calibratable intensity limits.
3. The new energy vehicle regenerative braking force distribution method according to claim 2, characterized in that k is1Is 0.18-0.21.
4. The new energy vehicle regenerative braking force distribution method according to claim 2, wherein k is performed according to braking effectiveness and braking stability of the new energy vehicle2And (4) calibrating.
5. The new energy vehicle regenerative braking force distribution method according to claim 4, characterized in that k is2Is 0.28-0.31.
6. The new energy vehicle regenerative braking force distribution method according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 includes:
Fr≤FTmaxwhen F is presentT＝Fr，FM＝0；
FTmax<FrWhen F is presentT＝FTmax，FM＝FR-FT；
Wherein, FTmaxThe maximum braking force that the motor can provide.
7. The new energy vehicle regenerative braking force distribution method according to claim 6, wherein the step S2 further includes:
when the motor fails to provide braking force, FT＝0，FM＝Fr。
8. A new energy automobile, characterized in that the regenerative braking force distribution is performed using the new energy automobile regenerative braking force distribution method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The new energy automobile as claimed in claim 8, wherein the new energy automobile is a 4 x 2 type rear-drive automobile.
10. The new energy automobile as claimed in claim 8, wherein the new energy automobile includes a brake pedal at which a displacement sensor is mounted to measure a stroke of the brake pedal.
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