CN112477571A - Multi-motor driving device and electric vehicle - Google Patents
Multi-motor driving device and electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112477571A CN112477571A CN202011473634.0A CN202011473634A CN112477571A CN 112477571 A CN112477571 A CN 112477571A CN 202011473634 A CN202011473634 A CN 202011473634A CN 112477571 A CN112477571 A CN 112477571A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gear
- transmission gear
- motor
- transmission
- speed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
- B60K17/06—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
- B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
Abstract
The invention provides a multi-motor driving device and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of vehicles. The multi-motor drive device of the present invention includes: each power source comprises a driving motor and a motor shaft connected with the driving motor; the reduction gear assembly comprises a second gear assembly and at least two first transmission gears which are connected with the motor shaft in a one-to-one correspondence mode, each first transmission gear is meshed with the second transmission gear, and a gear pair formed by the at least two first transmission gears and the second transmission gears has at least two speed ratios. The invention adopts the arrangement of a plurality of groups of driving motors with small torque and high rotating speed, can meet the requirement of large torque under low-speed working conditions, simultaneously ensures the power performance of medium and high speed, and reduces the manufacturing and purchasing costs. The small motors of the invention adopt different speed ratios, which can ensure the stable operation of each motor and avoid the generation of resonance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a multi-motor driving device and an electric vehicle.
Background
With the increasing energy crisis and environmental pollution problems, countries in the world, especially china as the major automobile, have been greatly advocating and paying attention to the development of electric vehicles, and the electric drive systems of electric vehicles have become the key points of research and development of companies. However, in the application field of large-tonnage vehicles, as the vehicles need larger output torque and higher maximum speed is guaranteed, most enterprises adopt a single driving motor with large torque and low rotating speed to match with a speed reducer with fixed speed ratio, which causes the problems of heavy weight, high manufacturing cost, insufficient power performance at medium and high speed and the like of an electric driving system; some enterprises adopt a multi-gear AMT (Automated Mechanical transmission) to replace a speed reducer, so that although the power performance of high speed in a vehicle is improved, power interruption caused by frequent gear shifting is still caused, the comfort is reduced, and the system cost is further increased. In addition, the high-efficiency area of the current low-speed large-torque motor is narrow, the motor cannot be used in the high-efficiency area under most conditions, and the motor efficiency is low. In the use process, the motor is matched with the transmission to easily generate vibration, the operation is not stable, abnormal sound of a vehicle is caused, and the frame posture experience is influenced. In addition, once the motor is out of order, the vehicle cannot run normally.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of a first aspect of the present invention to provide a multi-motor drive apparatus and an electric vehicle that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems.
An object of the present invention is to provide a multi-motor driving apparatus, which employs an arrangement of a plurality of sets of small-torque, high-speed driving motors, and can satisfy a large-torque requirement in a low-speed condition while ensuring medium-high-speed power performance, reducing manufacturing costs, and improving reliability of an electric driving system.
The invention further aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, the motor is matched with the transmission to easily generate resonance, so that the running is not stable, the abnormal sound of a vehicle is caused, and the driving experience is influenced.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an electric vehicle incorporating the above multi-motor drive apparatus.
In particular, the present invention provides a multi-motor drive apparatus comprising:
the power source comprises at least two power sources for outputting driving force, wherein each power source comprises a driving motor and a motor shaft connected with the driving motor; and
the reduction gear assembly comprises a second gear assembly and at least two first transmission gears which are connected with the motor shafts in a one-to-one correspondence mode, each first transmission gear is meshed with the second transmission gear, and at least two gear pairs formed by the first transmission gears and the second transmission gears have at least two speed ratios.
Alternatively, at least two of the first transmission gears are arranged in the circumferential direction of the second transmission gear, so that the power source is arranged in the circumferential direction of the second transmission gear.
Optionally, the number of speed ratios is at least two, and at most the same as the number of first transmission gears.
Optionally, the number of at least two of the power sources is 4, and the speed ratio is 2, 3 or 4.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
the input end of the differential is connected with the output end of each reduction gear assembly, and the output end of the differential is respectively connected with a left driving shaft and a right driving shaft and used for transmitting the driving force to a wheel end;
and the speed changing device is connected between the input end of the differential and the output end of each reduction gear assembly.
Optionally, the transmission comprises an input shaft assembly, an intermediate shaft assembly, an output shaft assembly and a gear shifting device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the input shaft assembly comprises an input shaft connected with the second transmission gear and a third transmission gear connected with the input shaft;
the middle shaft assembly comprises a middle shaft, a fourth transmission gear and a fifth transmission gear, wherein the fourth transmission gear and the fifth transmission gear are respectively connected with two ends of the middle shaft;
the output shaft assembly comprises an output shaft connected with the input end of the differential and a sixth transmission gear rotatably arranged on the output shaft, and the sixth transmission gear is meshed with the fifth transmission gear;
the gear shifting device is arranged on the output shaft and is configured to control the output shaft to be connected with the sixth transmission gear or the third transmission gear.
Optionally, when the speed change device works in a first gear, the speed change device controls the output shaft to be connected with the sixth transmission gear so as to transmit the driving force transmitted by the reduction gear assembly to the differential mechanism sequentially through the input shaft, the third transmission gear, the fourth transmission gear, the intermediate shaft, the fifth transmission gear, the sixth transmission gear and the output shaft; when the speed changing device works in a second gear, the gear shifting device controls the output shaft to be connected with the third transmission gear so as to transmit the driving force transmitted by the reduction gear assembly to the differential through the input shaft, the third transmission gear and the output shaft.
Alternatively, the at least two power sources may be controlled to work in concert or individually.
Optionally, the at least two power sources are arranged in one of the following ways:
forward arrangement, backward arrangement, opposite arrangement.
In particular, the invention also provides an electric vehicle including the above-described multi-motor drive apparatus; the electric vehicle comprises a pure electric heavy truck, a range-extending heavy truck and a battery replacement heavy truck.
The multi-motor driving device provided by the invention adopts at least two power sources which respectively comprise a driving motor, and transmits the driving force output by the power sources to the differential mechanism through the reduction gear assemblies which are in one-to-one correspondence with the power sources, and further transmits the driving force to the vehicle axle through the differential mechanism so as to drive the wheels to rotate. The scheme of the invention adopts the arrangement of a plurality of groups of driving motors with small torque and high rotating speed to replace the arrangement of the existing single driving motor with large torque and low rotating speed, can meet the requirement of large torque under the low-speed working condition, simultaneously ensure the power performance of medium and high speed, and reduce the manufacturing and purchasing costs. In addition, when a certain driving motor fails, the vehicle can still be driven normally by other driving motors, and the reliability of the electric driving system is improved. In addition, the small motors adopt different speed ratios, so that stable running of each motor can be ensured, and resonance is avoided.
Furthermore, the multi-motor driving device adopts a two-gear speed change device, can reduce power interruption and gear shifting pause and frustration as much as possible, improves driving comfort, and simultaneously reduces cost compared with the conventional multi-gear AMT transmission.
Furthermore, according to the requirements of the working conditions of the vehicle, the multiple power sources can work in a collaborative mode or independently, the power performance of the vehicle is met, meanwhile, the driving motor can be guaranteed to work in a high-efficiency area, the power loss of the driving motor is reduced, and the efficiency of an electric driving system is improved. In addition, the driving motors are reasonably arranged to work in a time-sharing mode, the effect of evenly sharing accumulated damage of the driving motors is achieved, and the failure rate of the driving motors is reduced.
The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Some specific embodiments of the invention will be described in detail hereinafter, by way of illustration and not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in the drawings identify the same or similar elements or components. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multi-motor drive apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a first transfer gear and a second transfer gear meshing with two speed ratios according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a first transfer gear and a second transfer gear meshing with two speed ratios according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of four speed ratios of meshing engagement of the first transfer gear and the second transfer gear in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a multi-motor drive apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a multi-motor drive apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a rear disposition of drive motors of a multi-motor drive apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a drive motor pair arrangement of a multi-motor drive apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
At present, a large-tonnage electric vehicle model in the market mostly uses a high-power, large-torque and low-rotating-speed motor to match a multi-gear AMT, and the cost of an electric drive system is high; the rotating speed of a motor is high under most working conditions of the whole vehicle, the motor cannot be kept in a high-efficiency area all the time or under most conditions, and the efficiency of an electric drive system is low; the motor is matched with the speed changer, so that vibration is easy to generate, the running is not stable, and abnormal sound is caused; the control logic of the multi-gear (such as 6-gear, 8-gear and 9-gear) AMT is complex, and the gear shifting power is interrupted obviously; the motor and the speed changer are respectively controlled by different controls, and the integration of parts is low; in addition, as the single motor is adopted for driving, once the motor fails, the vehicle cannot continue to run, and the reliability of the electric drive system is low.
To solve or at least partially solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-motor driving apparatus. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the first embodiment to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
As one specific embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the multi-motor driving apparatus of the present embodiment may include at least a power source 1 and a reduction gear assembly 2. Further, the multi-motor drive apparatus may further include a differential 4.
The number of the power sources 1 is at least two, and each power source 1 includes a drive motor 1A for outputting a driving force. The performance and geometry of each drive motor 1A is the same to simplify control of the drive motor 1A. As shown in fig. 1, each power source 1 includes a drive motor 1A and a motor shaft 1B connected to the drive motor 1A.
It should be noted that the number of power sources 1 shown in fig. 1-4 is only schematic (4), and in practical applications, the number of power sources can be selected according to the requirements of the vehicle application, for example, the number of power sources can be 2, 3, or even more. In a particular embodiment, the number of power sources 1 may be 4. In addition, in the embodiment, the multiple power sources can be flexibly selected for use or not used, and can be used independently or jointly to provide power for the vehicle. The reduction gear assembly 2 comprises a second transmission gear 2B and a transmission gear 2A which is connected with the power sources 1 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, namely, each power source 1 is correspondingly connected with a first transmission gear 2A. An input of differential 4 is connected to the output of each reduction gear assembly 2, and an output of differential 4 is connected to a vehicle axle 5 for transmitting drive to vehicle axle 5 to drive the wheels of the vehicle. The driving motor 1A is connected with the first transmission gear 2A through the motor shaft 1B, and further connected with the differential mechanism 4 through the second transmission gear 2B, and the driving force output by the driving motor 1A is transmitted to the differential mechanism 4 through the meshing of the first transmission gear 2A and the second transmission gear 2B. The vehicle axle 5 may comprise left and right half-shafts each serving as a drive shaft, each half-shaft being connected to a wheel. The arrangement of a plurality of groups of small-torque and high-rotation-speed driving motors 1A is adopted to replace the arrangement of the existing single large-torque and low-rotation-speed driving motor, so that the high-torque requirement of the low-speed working condition can be met, the medium-high-speed power performance can be ensured, and the manufacturing and purchasing costs can be reduced. In addition, when a certain driving motor 1A has a fault, the vehicle can still be driven normally by other driving motors 1A, and the reliability of the electric driving system is improved. In addition, in the embodiment, a speed change device is not required, the control of the multi-motor driving device is simplified, the multi-motor driving device is particularly suitable for vehicles with low-speed use requirements, and the economy as high as possible can be realized on the premise of meeting the vehicle requirements.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, at least two first transmission gears 2A in the reduction gear assembly 2 are each meshed with the second transmission gear 2B. The design can reduce the number of parts and the volume of the multi-motor driving device, thereby saving the arrangement space of the multi-motor driving device.
Further, in the present embodiment, at least two gear pairs formed by the first transmission gears 2A and the second transmission gears 2B have at least two speed ratios. Specifically, the kinds of speed ratios are at least two, and at most the same number as the first transmission gears 2A. For example, in the present embodiment, the number of the first transmission gears 2A is 4, and the speed ratio may be 2, 3, or 4. Whereas if the number of the first transmission gears 2A is 5, the speed ratio may be 2, 3, 4 or 5. In this embodiment, the gear pair formed by the first transmission gears 2A and the second transmission gears 2B connected to the plurality of driving motors 1A has at least two speed ratios, so that each driving motor can run stably, and resonance between the driving motors is avoided.
As another embodiment of the present invention, the present invention will be specifically described by taking four driving motors and four first transmission gears 2A as an example.
As one example, two speed ratios are provided in four transfer gears, as shown in fig. 2 and 3. Two of the first transmission gears 2A may be used as the same speed ratio, and the other two first transmission gears 2A may be used as the same speed ratio. The two first transmission gears 2A of the same speed ratio may be arranged adjacently (as in fig. 2) or may be arranged at intervals (as in fig. 3). Specifically, two sets of motors with the same speed ratio can be combined to generate 16 different operation modes, and the operation process of each motor drive will be described below.
Specifically, the control relationship in which each operation mode is used in combination with the shift position of the transmission 3 and the power source 1 is as shown in the following table.
When only one power source 1A works, the speed changing device 3 is placed in a gear, and the working mode is defined as EV1 and is mainly used for no-load and flat road low-speed running conditions;
when only one power source 1A works, the speed changing device 3 is placed in a second gear, and the working mode is defined as EV2 and is mainly used for the working conditions of no-load and high-speed running on a flat road;
when only one power source 1A' works, the speed changing device 3 is placed in a gear, and the working mode is defined as EV3 and is mainly used for no-load and flat road low-speed running conditions;
when only one power source 1A' works, the speed changing device 3 is placed in a second gear, and the working mode is defined as EV4 and is mainly used for the idle and high-speed running working condition on the flat road;
when the two power sources 1A work, the speed changing device 3 is arranged in a gear, the working mode is defined as EV5 and is mainly used for no-load starting, light-load flat road or low-speed running working condition of a small slope;
when the two power sources 1A work, the speed changing device 3 is placed in a second gear, and the working mode is defined as EV6 and is mainly used for the high-speed running working condition in a light-load flat road;
when the two power sources 1A' work, the speed changing device 3 is placed in a gear, the working mode is defined as EV7 and is mainly used for no-load starting, light-load flat road or low-speed running working condition of a small slope;
when the two power sources 1A' work, the speed changing device 3 is placed in a second gear, and the working mode is defined as EV8 and is mainly used for the high-speed running working condition in a light-load flat road;
when one power source 1A and one power source 1A' work, the speed changing device 3 is placed in a gear, the working mode is defined as EV9, and the speed changing device is mainly used for no-load starting, light-load flat roads or low-speed running working conditions of small slopes;
when one power source 1A and one power source 1A' work, the speed changing device 3 is placed in a second gear, and the working mode is defined as EV10 and is mainly used for high-speed running conditions in light-load flat roads;
when two power sources 1A and one power source 1A' work, the speed changing device 3 is placed in a gear, the working mode is defined as EV11 and is mainly used for half-load starting, half-load or heavy-load flat road or low-speed running working condition of a small slope;
when two power sources 1A and one power source 1A' work, the speed changing device 3 is placed in a second gear, the working mode is defined as EV12, and the speed changing device is mainly used for the high-speed running working conditions in a half-load or middle-load flat road and a small-slope road;
when one power source 1A and two power sources 1A' work, the speed changing device 3 is placed in a gear, the working mode is defined as EV13, and the speed changing device is mainly used for half-load starting, half-load or heavy-load flat roads or low-speed running conditions of small slopes;
when one power source 1A and two power sources 1A' work, the speed changing device 3 is in the second gear, the working mode is defined as EV14, and the speed changing device is mainly used for the high-speed running working conditions in half-load or mid-load flat roads and small-slope roads;
when the two power sources 1A and 1A' work simultaneously, the transmission 3 is in a gear, and the working mode is defined as EV15, and is mainly used for full load or overload starting, climbing or low speed running conditions;
when the two power sources 1A and 1A' are simultaneously operated, the transmission 3 is in the second gear, and the operating mode is defined as EV16, and is mainly used in medium-high speed driving conditions under full load or overload.
In this embodiment, the above-mentioned working mode is only preliminarily defined, and each power source can cooperate or work alone according to the vehicle operating mode demand, and cooperate with different gears of speed change gear, satisfy the demand of dynamic property and economic nature under the different operating modes of vehicle in coordination, can guarantee that driving motor works in the high-efficient district simultaneously, reduce driving motor power loss, improve electric drive system's efficiency. As other embodiments, the four motors may have three speed ratios or four speed ratios (as shown in fig. 4), and the schematic diagram of the meshing of the first transmission gear 2A and the second transmission gear 2B in the specific four speed ratios is shown in the figure.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, since the first transmission gears 2A are to be meshed with the second transmission gears 2B, the first transmission gears 2A are each disposed in the circumferential direction of the second transmission gears 2B, and the power source is disposed coaxially with the first transmission gears 2A, and therefore, the power source is disposed along the circumferential direction of the second transmission gears 2B. For example, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the plurality of power sources 1 are distributed in the circumferential direction with the second transmission gear 2B as the axis center. The arrangement mode can make the structure of the multi-motor driving device more compact, and further saves the arrangement space of the multi-motor driving device.
Specifically, according to the vehicle working condition requirements, the at least two power sources 1 can work in cooperation or independently, so that the power performance of the vehicle is met, meanwhile, the driving motor 1A can be guaranteed to work in a high-efficiency area, the power loss of the driving motor 1A is reduced, and the efficiency of an electric driving system is improved. In addition, the driving motors 1A are reasonably arranged to work in a time-sharing mode, the effect of evenly sharing accumulated damage of the driving motors 1A can be achieved, and the failure rate of the driving motors 1A is reduced.
As another specific embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 5 to 8, in this embodiment, the multi-motor drive apparatus further includes a speed change device 3 connected between an input end of the differential 4 and an output end of each reduction gear assembly 2. At this time, the output end of each reduction gear assembly 2 (i.e., the second transmission gear 2B) is connected to the transmission 3, and further, to the input end of the differential 4 through the transmission 3.
Specifically, the driving motor 1A, the reduction gear assembly 2, and the transmission 3 of the present embodiment are all constructed with the inner housing of the transmission 3 as a carrier, thereby improving the integration of the components and making the structure of the multi-motor driving apparatus more compact.
Referring to fig. 6-8, transmission 3 includes an input shaft assembly, a countershaft assembly, an output shaft assembly, and a shifter 3H. The input shaft assembly comprises an input shaft 3A connected with the second transmission gear 2B and a third transmission gear 3B connected with the input shaft 3A. The input shaft 3A and the third transmission gear 3B may be integrally formed or connected to each other by splines. The middle shaft assembly comprises a middle shaft 3C, a fourth transmission gear 3D and a fifth transmission gear 3E which are respectively connected with two ends of the middle shaft 3C, and the fourth transmission gear 3D is meshed with the third transmission gear 3B. The fourth transmission gear 3D and the fifth transmission gear 3E are connected to the intermediate shaft 3C by a spline or an interference press-fitting method, respectively. The output shaft assembly includes an output shaft 3G connected to the input end of the differential 4 and a sixth transmission gear 3F rotatably mounted on the output shaft 3G, the sixth transmission gear 3F meshing with the fifth transmission gear 3E. The sixth transmission gear 3F is mounted on the output shaft 3G through a needle bearing, and is circumferentially rotatable on the output shaft 3G. The shift device 3H is provided on the output shaft 3G, and is configured to control the output shaft 3G to be connected with the sixth transmission gear 3F or the input shaft 3A. Specifically, the shift device 3H may be mounted on the output shaft 3G by spline interference fit. The shifting device 3H may generally employ a coupling sleeve or a synchronizer or the like.
Based on the above structure, the transmission 3 can realize two gears: a first gear and a second gear. When the speed changing device 3 works in the first gear, the gear shifting device 3H controls the output shaft 3G to be connected with the sixth transmission gear 3F, so that the driving force transmitted by the reduction gear assembly 2 is transmitted to the differential 4 sequentially through the input shaft 3A, the third transmission gear 3B, the fourth transmission gear 3D, the intermediate shaft 3C, the fifth transmission gear 3E, the sixth transmission gear 3F and the output shaft 3G. When the transmission 3 operates in the second gear, the gear shifting device 3H controls the output shaft 3G to be directly connected to the input shaft 3A, so that the driving force transmitted from the reduction gear assembly 2 is directly transmitted to the differential 4 through the input shaft 3A and the output shaft 3G, thereby realizing two-gear driving of the vehicle.
The multi-motor driving device of the embodiment adopts a two-gear speed change device, can reduce power interruption and gear shifting pause as much as possible, improves driving comfort, and simultaneously reduces cost compared with the existing multi-gear AMT transmission.
In particular, the at least two power sources 1 are in a forward arrangement (fig. 5 and 6). The forward arrangement means that all the drive motors 1A are arranged in front of the reduction gear assembly 2. The forward arrangement can simplify the structure of the power source 1 and the reduction gear assembly 2, and simplify the assembly operation of the two. Of course, the power source 1 may be disposed in other ways, such as a backward disposition (fig. 7), an opposite disposition (fig. 8), and the like.
Further, the power sources in this embodiment example may be configured by using the same power source, or by using two, three, or more power sources having different performance parameters.
As another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 7, in this embodiment, a plurality of power sources 1 are arranged in a rearward direction. The rearward arrangement means that all the drive motors 1A are arranged rearward of the reduction gear assembly 2. The arrangement mode can save axial length space, is beneficial to reserving space in the axial direction of the whole vehicle to install other parts or systems, and meets the requirement of arrangement of the system of the whole vehicle.
As another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 8, a plurality of power sources 1 are arranged in an opposing manner. The opposed arrangement means that a part of the drive motor 1A is arranged in front of the reduction gear assembly 2 and another part of the drive motor 1A is arranged behind the reduction gear assembly 2. For example, for 2 power sources 1, one of the driving motors 1A is arranged in front of the reduction gear assembly 2 and the other driving motor 1A is arranged behind the reduction gear assembly 2, so that it is beneficial to arrange other components or systems of the vehicle at a free side position in front of the reduction gear assembly 2 to meet the arrangement of the system of the whole vehicle.
Based on the same technical concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides an electric vehicle which comprises the multi-motor driving device described in any embodiment or the combination of the embodiments. The electric vehicle includes but is not limited to a pure electric heavy truck, an extended range heavy truck, a battery replacement heavy truck and the like.
Further, the embodiment of the invention also provides a battery replacement card, which comprises a battery replacement box, and the battery replacement box can be quickly replaced through a battery replacement station.
According to any one or a combination of multiple optional embodiments, the embodiment of the present invention can achieve the following advantages:
the multi-motor driving device provided by the embodiment of the invention can meet the large torque requirement of a low-speed working condition and can ensure the power performance at medium and high speeds; the arrangement of a plurality of groups of small-torque, high-rotating-speed and small-motor is adopted, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced; the two-gear speed changing device is adopted, so that power interruption can be reduced as much as possible, and driving comfort is improved; the manufacturing cost of the motor controller is reduced by combining the double-motor controller and the single-motor controller; the effect of uniformly distributing accumulated damage of each driving motor is achieved by reasonably arranging each driving motor to work in a time-sharing manner; once a single driving motor is in failure, the vehicle can still be normally driven by the rest groups of driving motors, and the reliability of the electric driving system is improved.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Thus, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that while a number of exemplary embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications consistent with the principles of the invention may be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be understood and interpreted to cover all such other variations or modifications.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-motor drive apparatus, comprising:
the power source comprises at least two power sources for outputting driving force, wherein each power source comprises a driving motor and a motor shaft connected with the driving motor; and
the reduction gear assembly comprises a second gear assembly and at least two first transmission gears which are connected with the motor shafts in a one-to-one correspondence mode, each first transmission gear is meshed with the second transmission gear, and at least two gear pairs formed by the first transmission gears and the second transmission gears have at least two speed ratios.
2. The multi-motor drive device according to claim 1,
at least two of the first transmission gears are arranged in a circumferential direction of the second transmission gear such that the power source is arranged in the circumferential direction of the second transmission gear.
3. The multi-motor drive device according to claim 1,
the number of the speed ratios is at least two, and the number of the speed ratios is at most the same as that of the first transmission gears.
4. The multi-motor drive apparatus according to claims 1 to 3,
the number of at least two power sources is 4, and the speed ratio is 2, 3 or 4.
5. The multi-motor drive device according to claim 1,
further comprising:
the input end of the differential is connected with the output end of each reduction gear assembly, and the output end of the differential is respectively connected with a left driving shaft and a right driving shaft and used for transmitting the driving force to a wheel end;
and the speed changing device is connected between the input end of the differential and the output end of each reduction gear assembly.
6. The multi-motor drive device according to claim 5,
the speed change device comprises an input shaft assembly, a middle shaft assembly, an output shaft assembly and a gear shifting device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the input shaft assembly comprises an input shaft connected with the second transmission gear and a third transmission gear connected with the input shaft;
the middle shaft assembly comprises a middle shaft, a fourth transmission gear and a fifth transmission gear, wherein the fourth transmission gear and the fifth transmission gear are respectively connected with two ends of the middle shaft;
the output shaft assembly comprises an output shaft connected with the input end of the differential and a sixth transmission gear rotatably arranged on the output shaft, and the sixth transmission gear is meshed with the fifth transmission gear;
the gear shifting device is arranged on the output shaft and is configured to control the output shaft to be connected with the sixth transmission gear or the third transmission gear.
7. The multi-motor drive device according to claim 6,
when the speed change device works in a first gear, the gear shift device controls the output shaft to be connected with the sixth transmission gear so as to transmit the driving force transmitted by the reduction gear assembly to the differential mechanism through the input shaft, the third transmission gear, the fourth transmission gear, the intermediate shaft, the fifth transmission gear, the sixth transmission gear and the output shaft in sequence; when the speed changing device works in a second gear, the gear shifting device controls the output shaft to be connected with the third transmission gear so as to transmit the driving force transmitted by the reduction gear assembly to the differential through the input shaft, the third transmission gear and the output shaft.
8. The multi-motor drive device according to claim 1,
the at least two power sources may be controlled to work in concert or individually.
9. The multi-motor drive device according to claim 1,
the at least two power sources are arranged in one of the following ways:
forward arrangement, backward arrangement, opposite arrangement.
10. An electric vehicle characterized by comprising the multi-motor drive apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 9; the electric vehicle comprises a pure electric heavy truck, a range-extending heavy truck and a battery replacement heavy truck.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011473634.0A CN112477571A (en) | 2020-12-15 | 2020-12-15 | Multi-motor driving device and electric vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011473634.0A CN112477571A (en) | 2020-12-15 | 2020-12-15 | Multi-motor driving device and electric vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112477571A true CN112477571A (en) | 2021-03-12 |
Family
ID=74917824
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011473634.0A Pending CN112477571A (en) | 2020-12-15 | 2020-12-15 | Multi-motor driving device and electric vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112477571A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114435126A (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-05-06 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | Driving device and vehicle |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109519505A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-26 | 凯博易控驱动(苏州)股份有限公司 | Bi-motor two keeps off power drive system, control method and electric car |
| CN209320658U (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-08-30 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | Two gear pure electric vehicle sanitation cart dynamical systems and pure electric vehicle sanitation cart |
| CN209466981U (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-10-08 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Hybrid electric drive system and vehicle |
| WO2019192292A1 (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2019-10-10 | 精进电动科技股份有限公司 | Longitudinally mounted dual-power-source vehicle drive assembly |
-
2020
- 2020-12-15 CN CN202011473634.0A patent/CN112477571A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019192292A1 (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2019-10-10 | 精进电动科技股份有限公司 | Longitudinally mounted dual-power-source vehicle drive assembly |
| CN209466981U (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-10-08 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Hybrid electric drive system and vehicle |
| CN209320658U (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-08-30 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | Two gear pure electric vehicle sanitation cart dynamical systems and pure electric vehicle sanitation cart |
| CN109519505A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-26 | 凯博易控驱动(苏州)股份有限公司 | Bi-motor two keeps off power drive system, control method and electric car |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114435126A (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-05-06 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | Driving device and vehicle |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN112356647B (en) | Multi-motor flexible torque centralized driving synthesis box and electric vehicle | |
| CN110920367A (en) | Coaxial two-gear electric drive axle | |
| US20230278457A1 (en) | Battery replacement vehicle without intermediate transmission shaft | |
| CN112477570B (en) | Drive synthesis device and electric vehicle | |
| CN112277612A (en) | Electric drive system and electric vehicle | |
| CN111791694A (en) | Coaxial two-gear driving system | |
| CN211364238U (en) | Dual-motor multi-gear coupling driving system | |
| CN112477571A (en) | Multi-motor driving device and electric vehicle | |
| CN216886229U (en) | Power system and electric automobile | |
| CN214001302U (en) | Multi-gear multi-motor flexible torque centralized driving synthesis box and electric vehicle | |
| CN109835167B (en) | Two-gear differential coupling hybrid power transmission system with P3 structure | |
| CN112519500A (en) | Two-level speed reduction electric drive axle integrating two-gear AMT double-speed parallel shaft output of double motors | |
| CN205601594U (en) | Parallel hybrid system | |
| CN220517975U (en) | Power system of vehicle and vehicle | |
| CN219988984U (en) | Power system of vehicle and vehicle | |
| CN220009442U (en) | Power system of vehicle and vehicle | |
| CN218400209U (en) | Double-input electric drive axle structure | |
| CN220785437U (en) | Double-planet row mixing system | |
| CN220809120U (en) | Hybrid axle device | |
| CN218598741U (en) | Dual-motor six-gear electric drive transmission system and vehicle | |
| CN220390978U (en) | Power system and vehicle | |
| CN219769544U (en) | Coaxial double-motor two-gear electric drive axle based on synchronizer control | |
| CN219523650U (en) | Driving axle for vehicle and vehicle with driving axle | |
| CN112128323B (en) | Two-gear reduction gearbox with Simpson type planetary gear structure and power transmission logic | |
| CN219988988U (en) | Transmission system and vehicle |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |