CN112477333B - Gel type wave-absorbing fabric and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Gel type wave-absorbing fabric and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112477333B CN112477333B CN202011370949.2A CN202011370949A CN112477333B CN 112477333 B CN112477333 B CN 112477333B CN 202011370949 A CN202011370949 A CN 202011370949A CN 112477333 B CN112477333 B CN 112477333B
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 166
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000010041 electrostatic spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920004933 Terylene® Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- GWHCXVQVJPWHRF-KTKRTIGZSA-N (15Z)-tetracosenoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GWHCXVQVJPWHRF-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XJXROGWVRIJYMO-SJDLZYGOSA-N Nervonic acid Natural products O=C(O)[C@@H](/C=C/CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCCCCC XJXROGWVRIJYMO-SJDLZYGOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyl sulfide Chemical compound O=C=S JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWHCXVQVJPWHRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cis-tetracosenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GWHCXVQVJPWHRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021392 nanocarbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002103 nanocoating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007908 nanoemulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H1/435—Polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
- B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
- B32B2307/212—Electromagnetic interference shielding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/56—Damping, energy absorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2437/00—Clothing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2305/00—Characterised by the use of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08J2301/00 or C08J2303/00
- C08J2305/08—Chitin; Chondroitin sulfate; Hyaluronic acid; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2262—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a gel type wave-absorbing fabric which comprises a surface layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer, wherein the surface layer is formed by compounding a polyester woven fabric containing manganese dioxide, the bottom layer is a polyester woven fabric containing graphite, and the middle layer is a chitosan gel layer. According to the invention, the wave-absorbing fabric with strong functionality is obtained by testing and analyzing different compatibility of the multi-layer wave-absorbing fabric and researching the influence factors, electromagnetic shielding mechanism, different compatibility layers, wave-absorbing performance and the like of the multi-layer fabric.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of preparation of functional fabrics, in particular to a preparation method of gel-type wave-absorbing fabric.
Background
In the rapid development of electronic products, people can live conveniently, and on the other hand, electromagnetic radiation also seriously endangers the health of people. Currently, electromagnetic radiation can be broadly divided into two types, the first being: natural radiation generated by thunder, sun black activity, cosmic rays, solar storms and the like; the second is: electromagnetic radiation generated by everyday electronics.
The wave absorbing material has common application in stealth technology, heat preservation, energy conservation and human body protection. At present, the wave absorbing material acts on the clothing fabric in two forms, namely, the blending is mainly carried out on fibers such as carbon fibers, nano carbon nanotubes, polyaniline nano fibers and the like, and the fibers are blended with common yarns to form clothing fabric such as plain weave, twill and knitting; the other type is a nano coating method, which is mainly to splash materials such as ferrite powder, polyaniline and the like onto the electromagnetic shielding fabric through a plating technology, so that the wave absorbing performance of the multilayer fabric is endowed. However, due to the limitations of economy, environmental conditions, experimental cost and the like, the application of the wave-absorbing fiber in the electromagnetic shielding clothing fabric is very few, and few attempts are made to perform nano wave-absorbing coating on the original shielding fabric.
For electromagnetic shielding clothes, the electromagnetic shielding clothes are inevitably influenced by openings at the cuffs and neckline parts, so that the shielding effectiveness of the electromagnetic shielding clothes is mostly below 30 dB. In addition, under the influence of the hole seams of buttons, zippers and the like in the clothing, the part is generally required to be subjected to layer shielding treatment so as to reduce the leakage of electromagnetic waves; in addition, the current single-layer electromagnetic shielding fabric cannot meet the requirement of shielding effectiveness in special environments, so that research on the multi-layer electromagnetic shielding clothing fabric is urgent. In the electromagnetic shielding clothing manufacturing process, increasing the number of layers of fabric to increase shielding effectiveness is also a common method.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved are as follows: the invention aims to provide a preparation method of gel-type wave-absorbing fabric, which is characterized in that the wave-absorbing fabric with strong functionality is obtained by testing and analyzing different compatibility of the multi-layer wave-absorbing fabric and researching the influence factors, electromagnetic shielding mechanisms, different compatibility layers, wave-absorbing performance and the like of the multi-layer fabric.
The technical scheme is as follows: the gel type wave-absorbing fabric comprises a surface layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer, wherein the surface layer is formed by compounding a polyester woven fabric containing manganese dioxide, the bottom layer is a polyester woven fabric containing graphite, and the middle layer is a chitosan gel layer.
Preferably, the manganese dioxide content of the surface layer is 3-5 wt%.
Preferably, the graphite content of the underlayer is 6 to 10 wt%.
Preferably, graphite or manganese dioxide in the surface layer and the bottom layer is attached to the outer side of the fabric in a post-finishing mode or is prepared by spinning a spinning solution containing graphite or manganese dioxide.
Preferably, the middle layer is formed by compounding electrostatic spinning films on two sides of the gel layer.
Preferably, the chitosan gel contains any one or more than two of nano graphite or nano manganese dioxide.
The preparation method of the gel type wave-absorbing fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a terylene woven fabric with the thickness of 0.1-0.2mm and containing manganese dioxide as a surface layer, and selecting a terylene woven fabric with the thickness of 0.1-0.2mm and containing graphite as a bottom layer;
s2, preparing a polyester spinning solution;
s3, respectively taking the polyester woven fabric containing graphite of the bottom layer and the polyester woven fabric containing manganese dioxide of the surface layer as receiving plates, and carrying out electrostatic spinning by utilizing the polyester spinning in the step S2 to obtain the bottom layer and the surface layer adhered with the electrostatic spinning film;
and S4, coating one side of the electrostatic spinning film on the bottom layer or the surface layer adhered with the electrostatic spinning film with a layer of blended chitosan solution containing nano graphite or nano manganese dioxide or a mixture of the nano graphite and the nano manganese dioxide, and crosslinking for a period of time to obtain the gel type wave-absorbing fabric.
Preferably, the thickness of the electrostatic spinning layer in the step S3 is 0.01-0.05mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the gel in the step S4 is 0.2-0.5mm.
Preferably, the preparation of the blended chitosan solution in the step S4 includes the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of chitosan, dissolving the chitosan in 2vt percent acetic acid solution, and obtaining 1.5 weight percent uniform chitosan acetic acid solution after ultrasonic oscillation and defoaming.
S2, dissolving nano graphite or nano manganese dioxide in ethanol, uniformly stirring, and mixing with the chitosan solution prepared in the step S1 to obtain a blended chitosan solution, wherein the mass ratio of the chitosan to the nano graphite or the nano manganese dioxide or the sum of the chitosan and the nano graphite or the nano manganese dioxide is 1-4:100.
The beneficial effects are that: the preparation method of the nervonic acid nanoemulsion has the following advantages:
(1) In the invention, the surface wave absorber is selected from the two oxides, the wave absorber is selected from the graphite as the bottom wave absorber, the middle layer is a chitosan gel layer, and the maximum wave absorbing effect is achieved through the configuration of gradual wave absorbing materials;
(2) In the invention, the impedance matching conditions of the gel layer and the surface layer material and the air are also different, and when the concentration of manganese dioxide in the surface layer is between 3 and 5 percent, the impedance matching between the surface layer and the air is optimal; the wave absorbing effect of the bottom layer material is increased along with the increase of the graphite concentration, which is beneficial to improving the wave absorbing performance of the composite material; in addition, the gel pore size of the gel intermediate layer has certain influence on the wave absorbing performance of the structural composite material, and the larger the gel layer density is in a certain range, the better the wave absorbing effect of the composite material is;
(3) According to the invention, through analysis of the wave-absorbing performance and shielding effectiveness of the wave-absorbing multilayer electromagnetic shielding clothing fabric, a scientific and feasible multilayer fabric compatibility scheme is implemented, and a reference value is provided for research and development of the multilayer electromagnetic shielding clothing fabric;
(4) The invention has simple preparation method and provides a new visual angle for wave-absorbing fabric production.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The preparation method of the gel type wave-absorbing fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a terylene woven fabric with the thickness of 0.2mm and containing manganese dioxide as a surface layer, and selecting a terylene woven fabric with the thickness of 0.1mm and containing graphite as a bottom layer, wherein the manganese dioxide content in the surface layer is 3 wt%, and the graphite content in the bottom layer is 6 wt%;
s2, preparing a polyester spinning solution;
s3, respectively taking the polyester woven fabric containing graphite of the bottom layer and the polyester woven fabric containing manganese dioxide of the surface layer as receiving plates, and carrying out electrostatic spinning by utilizing the polyester spinning in the step S2 to obtain the bottom layer and the surface layer adhered with the electrostatic spinning film, wherein the thickness of the electrostatic spinning layer is 0.01mm;
s4, coating one side of the electrostatic spinning film on the bottom layer or the surface layer adhered with the electrostatic spinning film with a layer of blended chitosan solution containing nano graphite or nano manganese dioxide or a mixture of the nano graphite and the nano manganese dioxide, and crosslinking for a period of time to obtain gel type wave-absorbing fabric, wherein the thickness of gel is 0.2mm;
the preparation of the blended chitosan solution in the step S4 comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of chitosan, dissolving the chitosan in 2vt percent acetic acid solution, and obtaining 1.5 weight percent uniform chitosan acetic acid solution after ultrasonic oscillation and defoaming.
S2, dissolving nano graphite or nano manganese dioxide in ethanol, uniformly stirring, and mixing with the chitosan solution prepared in the step S1 to obtain a blended chitosan solution, wherein the mass ratio of the chitosan to the nano graphite or the nano manganese dioxide or the sum of the chitosan and the nano graphite or the nano manganese dioxide is 1:100.
Example 2
The preparation method of the gel type wave-absorbing fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a terylene woven fabric with the thickness of 0.1mm and containing manganese dioxide as a surface layer, and selecting a terylene woven fabric with the thickness of 0.2mm and containing graphite as a bottom layer, wherein the manganese dioxide content in the surface layer is 5wt% and the graphite content in the bottom layer is 10 wt%;
s2, preparing a polyester spinning solution;
s3, respectively taking the polyester woven fabric containing graphite of the bottom layer and the polyester woven fabric containing manganese dioxide of the surface layer as receiving plates, and carrying out electrostatic spinning by utilizing the polyester spinning in the step S2 to obtain the bottom layer and the surface layer adhered with the electrostatic spinning film, wherein the thickness of the electrostatic spinning layer is 0.05mm;
s4, coating one side of the electrostatic spinning film on the bottom layer or the surface layer adhered with the electrostatic spinning film with a layer of blended chitosan solution containing nano graphite or nano manganese dioxide or a mixture of the nano graphite and the nano manganese dioxide, and crosslinking for a period of time to obtain gel type wave-absorbing fabric, wherein the thickness of gel is 0.5mm;
the preparation of the blended chitosan solution in the step S4 comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of chitosan, dissolving the chitosan in 2vt percent acetic acid solution, and obtaining 1.5 weight percent uniform chitosan acetic acid solution after ultrasonic oscillation and defoaming.
S2, dissolving nano graphite or nano manganese dioxide in ethanol, uniformly stirring, and mixing with the chitosan solution prepared in the step S1 to obtain a blended chitosan solution, wherein the mass ratio of the chitosan to the nano graphite or the nano manganese dioxide or the sum of the chitosan and the nano graphite or the nano manganese dioxide is 4:100.
Example 3
The preparation method of the gel type wave-absorbing fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a terylene woven fabric with the thickness of 0.1mm and containing manganese dioxide as a surface layer, and selecting a terylene woven fabric with the thickness of 0.1mm and containing graphite as a bottom layer, wherein the manganese dioxide content in the surface layer is 5wt%, and the graphite content in the bottom layer is 7 wt%;
s2, preparing a polyester spinning solution;
s3, respectively taking the polyester woven fabric containing graphite of the bottom layer and the polyester woven fabric containing manganese dioxide of the surface layer as receiving plates, and carrying out electrostatic spinning by utilizing the polyester spinning in the step S2 to obtain the bottom layer and the surface layer adhered with the electrostatic spinning film, wherein the thickness of the electrostatic spinning layer is 0.02mm;
s4, coating one side of the electrostatic spinning film on the bottom layer or the surface layer adhered with the electrostatic spinning film with a layer of blended chitosan solution containing nano graphite or nano manganese dioxide or a mixture of the nano graphite and the nano manganese dioxide, and crosslinking for a period of time to obtain gel type wave-absorbing fabric, wherein the thickness of gel is 0.5mm;
the preparation of the blended chitosan solution in the step S4 comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of chitosan, dissolving the chitosan in 2vt percent acetic acid solution, and obtaining 1.5 weight percent uniform chitosan acetic acid solution after ultrasonic oscillation and defoaming.
S2, dissolving nano graphite or nano manganese dioxide in ethanol, uniformly stirring, and mixing with the chitosan solution prepared in the step S1 to obtain a blended chitosan solution, wherein the mass ratio of the chitosan to the nano graphite or the nano manganese dioxide or the sum of the chitosan and the nano graphite or the nano manganese dioxide is 2:100.
Example 4
The preparation method of the gel type wave-absorbing fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a terylene woven fabric with the thickness of 0.2mm and containing manganese dioxide as a surface layer, and selecting a terylene woven fabric with the thickness of 0.2mm and containing graphite as a bottom layer, wherein the manganese dioxide content in the surface layer is 5wt%, and the graphite content in the bottom layer is 9 wt%;
s2, preparing a polyester spinning solution;
s3, respectively taking the polyester woven fabric containing graphite of the bottom layer and the polyester woven fabric containing manganese dioxide of the surface layer as receiving plates, and carrying out electrostatic spinning by utilizing the polyester spinning in the step S2 to obtain the bottom layer and the surface layer adhered with the electrostatic spinning film, wherein the thickness of the electrostatic spinning layer is 0.03mm;
s4, coating one side of the electrostatic spinning film on the bottom layer or the surface layer adhered with the electrostatic spinning film with a layer of blended chitosan solution containing nano graphite or nano manganese dioxide or a mixture of the nano graphite and the nano manganese dioxide, and crosslinking for a period of time to obtain gel type wave-absorbing fabric, wherein the thickness of gel is 0.4mm;
the preparation of the blended chitosan solution in the step S4 comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of chitosan, dissolving the chitosan in 2vt percent acetic acid solution, and obtaining 1.5 weight percent uniform chitosan acetic acid solution after ultrasonic oscillation and defoaming.
S2, dissolving nano graphite or nano manganese dioxide in ethanol, uniformly stirring, and mixing with the chitosan solution prepared in the step S1 to obtain a blended chitosan solution, wherein the mass ratio of the chitosan to the nano graphite or the nano manganese dioxide or the sum of the chitosan and the nano graphite or the nano manganese dioxide is 3:100.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the gel type wave-absorbing fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a terylene woven fabric with the thickness of 0.2mm and containing manganese dioxide as a surface layer, and selecting a terylene woven fabric with the thickness of 0.1mm and containing graphite as a bottom layer, wherein the manganese dioxide content in the surface layer is 2 wt%, and the graphite content in the bottom layer is 6 wt%;
s2, preparing a polyester spinning solution;
s3, respectively taking the polyester woven fabric containing graphite of the bottom layer and the polyester woven fabric containing manganese dioxide of the surface layer as receiving plates, and carrying out electrostatic spinning by utilizing the polyester spinning in the step S2 to obtain the bottom layer and the surface layer adhered with the electrostatic spinning film, wherein the thickness of the electrostatic spinning layer is 0.01mm;
s4, coating one side of the electrostatic spinning film on the bottom layer or the surface layer adhered with the electrostatic spinning film with a layer of blended chitosan solution containing nano graphite or nano manganese dioxide or a mixture of the nano graphite and the nano manganese dioxide, and crosslinking for a period of time to obtain gel type wave-absorbing fabric, wherein the thickness of gel is 0.2mm;
the preparation of the blended chitosan solution in the step S4 comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of chitosan, dissolving the chitosan in 2vt percent acetic acid solution, and obtaining 1.5 weight percent uniform chitosan acetic acid solution after ultrasonic oscillation and defoaming.
S2, dissolving nano graphite or nano manganese dioxide in ethanol, uniformly stirring, and mixing with the chitosan solution prepared in the step S1 to obtain a blended chitosan solution, wherein the mass ratio of the chitosan to the nano graphite or the nano manganese dioxide or the sum of the chitosan and the nano graphite or the nano manganese dioxide is 1:100.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the gel type wave-absorbing fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a terylene woven fabric with the thickness of 0.2mm and containing manganese dioxide as a surface layer, and selecting a terylene woven fabric with the thickness of 0.1mm and containing graphite as a bottom layer, wherein the manganese dioxide content in the surface layer is 3 wt%, and the graphite content in the bottom layer is 14 wt%;
s2, preparing a polyester spinning solution;
s3, respectively taking the polyester woven fabric containing graphite of the bottom layer and the polyester woven fabric containing manganese dioxide of the surface layer as receiving plates, and carrying out electrostatic spinning by utilizing the polyester spinning in the step S2 to obtain the bottom layer and the surface layer adhered with the electrostatic spinning film, wherein the thickness of the electrostatic spinning layer is 0.01mm;
s4, coating one side of the electrostatic spinning film on the bottom layer or the surface layer adhered with the electrostatic spinning film with a layer of blended chitosan solution containing nano graphite or nano manganese dioxide or a mixture of the nano graphite and the nano manganese dioxide, and crosslinking for a period of time to obtain gel type wave-absorbing fabric, wherein the thickness of gel is 0.2mm;
the preparation of the blended chitosan solution in the step S4 comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of chitosan, dissolving the chitosan in 2vt percent acetic acid solution, and obtaining 1.5 weight percent uniform chitosan acetic acid solution after ultrasonic oscillation and defoaming.
S2, dissolving nano graphite or nano manganese dioxide in ethanol, uniformly stirring, and mixing with the chitosan solution prepared in the step S1 to obtain a blended chitosan solution, wherein the mass ratio of the chitosan to the nano graphite or the nano manganese dioxide or the sum of the chitosan and the nano graphite or the nano manganese dioxide is 1:100.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the gel type wave-absorbing fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a terylene woven fabric with the thickness of 0.2mm and containing manganese dioxide as a surface layer, and selecting a terylene woven fabric with the thickness of 0.1mm and containing graphite as a bottom layer, wherein the manganese dioxide content in the surface layer is 3 wt%, and the graphite content in the bottom layer is 6 wt%;
s2, preparing a polyester spinning solution;
s3, respectively taking the polyester woven fabric containing graphite of the bottom layer and the polyester woven fabric containing manganese dioxide of the surface layer as receiving plates, and carrying out electrostatic spinning by utilizing the polyester spinning in the step S2 to obtain the bottom layer and the surface layer adhered with the electrostatic spinning film, wherein the thickness of the electrostatic spinning layer is 0.01mm;
s4, coating one side of the electrostatic spinning film on the bottom layer or the surface layer adhered with the electrostatic spinning film with a layer of blended chitosan solution containing nano graphite or nano manganese dioxide or a mixture of the nano graphite and the nano manganese dioxide, and crosslinking for a period of time to obtain gel type wave-absorbing fabric, wherein the thickness of gel is 0.1mm;
the preparation of the blended chitosan solution in the step S4 comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of chitosan, dissolving the chitosan in 2vt percent acetic acid solution, and obtaining 1.5 weight percent uniform chitosan acetic acid solution after ultrasonic oscillation and defoaming.
S2, dissolving nano graphite or nano manganese dioxide in ethanol, uniformly stirring, and mixing with the chitosan solution prepared in the step S1 to obtain a blended chitosan solution, wherein the mass ratio of the chitosan to the nano graphite or the nano manganese dioxide or the sum of the chitosan and the nano graphite or the nano manganese dioxide is 1:100.
The fabrics of examples and comparative examples were subjected to corresponding performance tests, and all of the process parameters of examples and comparative examples were the same in order to be able to distinguish the effects of each example from that of the comparative examples. The fabrics used in the test are all plain single-layer fabrics. The wave absorbing performance of the fabric was tested using an arcuate reflectance test system according to G/B2038-1994 using the reflection-transmission network parameter method. The experimental instrument is an Agilent8720ET vector network analyzer, is an automatic vector network parameter sweep frequency measurement system, and works in a sweep frequency measurement mode to measure the reflectivity of the fabric in the frequency range of 2-18GHz and analyze the measured data to analyze the wave absorbing effect.
| Reflectivity (dB) | Absorption rate (%) | |
| Example 1 | -3.67 | 68.34 |
| Example 2 | -3.72 | 72.43 |
| Example 3 | -3.56 | 69.29 |
| Example 4 | -3.55 | 67.33 |
| Comparative example 1 | -2.45 | 56.78 |
| Comparative example 2 | -2.06 | 68.94 |
| Comparative example 3 | -2.43 | 46.78 |
In the above examples and comparative examples, the reflectance values were the best reflectance in the effective measurement interval, and it can be seen from the above table that when the concentration of manganese dioxide in the surface layer is between 3 and 5%, the impedance matching between the surface layer and air is the best; the wave absorbing effect of the bottom layer material is increased along with the increase of the graphite concentration, which is beneficial to improving the wave absorbing performance of the composite material; in addition, the gel pore size of the gel intermediate layer has certain influence on the wave absorbing performance of the structural composite material, and the larger the gel layer density is in a certain range, the better the wave absorbing effect of the composite material is.
Claims (4)
1. The gel type wave-absorbing fabric is characterized by comprising a surface layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer, wherein the surface layer is formed by compounding a polyester woven fabric containing manganese dioxide, the manganese dioxide content in the surface layer is 3-5wt%, the bottom layer is a polyester woven fabric containing graphite, the graphite content in the bottom layer is 6-10 wt%, the middle layer is formed by compounding electrostatic spinning films on two sides of a chitosan gel layer, and the thickness of the chitosan gel layer is 0.2-0.5mm;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a terylene woven fabric with the thickness of 0.1-0.2mm and containing manganese dioxide as a surface layer, and selecting a terylene woven fabric with the thickness of 0.1-0.2mm and containing graphite as a bottom layer;
s2, preparing a polyester spinning solution;
s3, respectively taking the polyester woven fabric containing graphite of the bottom layer and the polyester woven fabric containing manganese dioxide of the surface layer as receiving plates, and carrying out electrostatic spinning by utilizing the polyester spinning in the step S2 to obtain the bottom layer and the surface layer adhered with the electrostatic spinning film;
and S4, coating a layer of blended chitosan solution containing nano graphite or nano manganese dioxide or a mixture of the nano graphite and the nano manganese dioxide on one side of the electrostatic spinning film on the bottom layer or the surface layer adhered with the electrostatic spinning film, and crosslinking for a period of time to obtain the gel type wave-absorbing fabric.
2. The gel type wave-absorbing fabric as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the graphite or manganese dioxide in the surface layer and the bottom layer is attached to the outer side of the fabric in a post-finishing mode or is prepared by spinning solution containing the graphite or manganese dioxide.
3. The gel type wave-absorbing fabric as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the electrostatic spinning film in the step S3 is 0.01-0.05mm.
4. The gel-type wave-absorbing fabric according to claim 1, wherein the preparation of the blended chitosan solution in the step S4 comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of chitosan, dissolving the chitosan in 2vt percent acetic acid solution, and obtaining 1.5 weight percent uniform chitosan acetic acid solution after ultrasonic oscillation and defoaming;
s2, dissolving nano graphite or nano manganese dioxide or a mixture of the nano graphite and the nano manganese dioxide in ethanol, uniformly stirring, and mixing with the chitosan solution prepared in the step S1 to obtain a blended chitosan solution, wherein the mass ratio of the chitosan to the nano graphite or the nano manganese dioxide or the sum of the nano graphite and the nano manganese dioxide is 1-4:100.
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