CN112475569A - Plasma cutting torch height rapid positioning structure and rapid positioning method - Google Patents
Plasma cutting torch height rapid positioning structure and rapid positioning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112475569A CN112475569A CN202011312476.0A CN202011312476A CN112475569A CN 112475569 A CN112475569 A CN 112475569A CN 202011312476 A CN202011312476 A CN 202011312476A CN 112475569 A CN112475569 A CN 112475569A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K10/00—Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of plasma cutting torch height quick positioning, in particular to a plasma cutting torch height quick positioning structure and a quick positioning method. The invention installs the metal ring on the plasma cutting torch, can recognize the collision, protects the plasma cutting torch, and provides a rapid positioning method of the plasma cutting torch height rapid positioning structure, detects the distance between the plasma cutting torch and the steel plate through the conversion from the capacitance to the frequency and then to the height, can greatly improve the processing efficiency, and solves the problems that the positioning speed is low and the efficiency is low in the current positioning mode, and the service life of the easily damaged part is influenced by repeatedly using the gun to collide the underground steel plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rapid positioning of plasma cutting torch height, in particular to a rapid positioning structure and a rapid positioning method of plasma cutting torch height.
Background
During plasma cutting, in order to ensure the cutting quality and the service life of a cutting nozzle, proper height needs to be kept between the cutting nozzle and a steel plate during arc striking and punching, so that a positioning function needs to be executed before arc striking and punching for determining the distance between the current cutting nozzle and the steel plate, a conventional positioning method is contact positioning, namely a positioning switch is arranged on a plasma cutting torch, the plasma cutting torch descends firstly during positioning, a system detects that the positioning switch contacts the steel plate and then lifts the torch, and therefore the positioning process is completed, generally, the descending speed of the plasma cutting torch is slow, so that the collision degree of the positioning switch and the steel plate is reduced, and the positioning accuracy is improved;
the defects of the prior art are obvious, and firstly, the positioning speed of the current positioning mode is low, and the efficiency is low; secondly, the gun is used to collide the underground steel plate in the current positioning mode, which affects the service life of the easily damaged part. In view of this, we propose a plasma cutting torch height fast positioning structure and fast positioning method.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects, the invention provides a plasma cutting torch height rapid positioning structure and a rapid positioning method.
On one hand, the invention provides a plasma cutting torch height rapid positioning structure which comprises a plasma cutting torch, wherein a fixing mechanism is arranged on the plasma cutting torch, a capacitance acquisition sensor is fixed on the fixing mechanism, and a metal ring is arranged at the bottom end of the capacitance acquisition sensor.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the upper end of the capacitance acquisition sensor is electrically connected with a capacitance acquisition high-frequency line.
According to the preferable technical scheme, the fixing mechanism comprises a buckle and a hose clamp, the capacitance acquisition sensor is fixed on the buckle, the buckle is a pair of fixed blocks which are symmetrically distributed, a mounting groove is formed in the middle of each fixed block, and the two fixed blocks are tightly connected and fixed through a screw piece.
As a preferable technical scheme of the present invention, an elastic connector is fixed at the bottom end of the capacitance acquisition sensor, a connecting rod is fixed at the bottom end of the elastic connector, and one end of the connecting rod, which is far away from the elastic connector, is fixedly connected with the metal ring.
As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, the elastic connector is a hollow cylinder structure, and a spring is fixed at a middle position of the elastic connector, and the elastic connector is made of a soft material.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the capacitance acquisition high-frequency line is electrically connected with a plasma arc voltage regulator.
As the preferred technical scheme of the invention, the rapid positioning function of the plasma arc voltage regulator is divided into the following modules: the device comprises a frequency acquisition module, a sensor calibration module, a height calculation module, a sensor abnormity detection module and a quick positioning control module.
On the other hand, the invention provides a rapid positioning method of a plasma cutting torch height rapid positioning structure, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: frequency acquisition, namely installing a metal ring on a plasma cutting torch, converting a capacitance value into a frequency value through a self-made capacitance acquisition sensor due to the capacitance between the metal ring and a steel plate, and acquiring the frequency of a high-frequency line through the capacitance acquisition by a plasma arc voltage regulator;
step two: the method comprises the steps of high calibration, wherein on different hardware platforms, even if the distances between a cutting nozzle and a steel plate are the same, the frequency values output by a capacitance acquisition sensor are also different, so that when a plasma arc voltage heightening device is used for the first time by electrifying, calibration needs to be carried out firstly, after the calibration is started, a plasma cutting torch is slowly descended until collision occurs, then the plasma cutting torch starts to ascend, the real-time frequency value is recorded every 1mm of ascending, the plasma cutting torch stops when the frequency value ascends to 25mm, and finally whether the frequency value is effective or not is checked, if the frequency value is effective, 25 frequency values are stored in a memory, the calibration is successful and;
step three: calculating the height, namely comparing the acquired frequency with the frequency stored after calibration, finding out the height interval range of the frequency value, and calculating the height of the plasma cutting torch by adopting a linear formula in the height interval range;
step four: detecting abnormity, namely detecting abnormity generated in the positioning process, wherein the abnormity needs to be detected and sending alarm information to inform a user to prevent safety faults or influence on the processing quality of the user, the abnormity comprises metal ring collision alarm and capacitor acquisition sensor connection abnormity alarm, the current frequency is always 0 to indicate that the capacitor acquisition sensor is disconnected, and if the frequency difference value between the current frequency and the last moment exceeds a set threshold value, the metal ring is in contact with a steel plate;
step five: and (4) performing rapid positioning, wherein after the plasma arc voltage regulator receives a positioning instruction, comparing the current height value with the positioning height value set by a user, and if the current height value is inconsistent with the positioning height value set by the user, starting a PID (proportion integration differentiation) closed-loop control plasma cutting torch to rapidly descend to the height set by the user, so that the rapid positioning function is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the plasma cutting torch is arranged on the plasma cutting torch through the metal ring, is used for collecting the height between the plasma cutting torch and the steel plate, measuring the distance to the bottom steel plate, can identify collision, protects the plasma cutting torch, is stably connected upwards, is fixed by the spring connector, can be bent during collision, and reduces damage; the distance between the plasma cutting torch and the steel plate is detected by utilizing the principle that the distance between the metal ring and the steel plate is different and the generated capacitance is different through the conversion from the capacitance to the frequency and then to the height, so that the plasma cutting torch can directly drop to the positioning height during positioning, the processing efficiency can be greatly improved, the effect of high-efficiency positioning is achieved, and the problems that the positioning speed is low and the efficiency is low in the conventional positioning mode, and the service life of an easily damaged part is influenced by repeatedly using a gun to collide the underground steel plate are solved;
2. the software code in the invention adopts a modular design principle to divide the quick positioning function into a frequency acquisition module, a sensor calibration module, a height calculation module, a sensor abnormity detection module and a quick positioning control module, thereby improving the expansibility and maintainability of the code.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a metal ring and capacitive sensor of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the elastic connector of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the hardware components of the fast positioning function of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a fast positioning function software according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a connection diagram of a fast positioning function software module according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the plasma arc voltage regulator of the present invention collecting frequency via a high frequency line;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of the present invention for a plasma arc voltage riser that requires height calibration after initial use power up;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of post calibration height calculation in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a flow chart of anomaly detection during positioning in the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a flow chart of fast positioning in the present invention;
in the figure: the plasma cutting torch comprises a metal ring 1, a connecting rod 11, a capacitance acquisition sensor 2, an elastic connector 21, a spring 211, a fixing mechanism 3, a capacitance acquisition high-frequency wire 4, a plasma cutting torch 5 and a buckle 6.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Please refer to fig. 1-11:
on one hand, the invention provides a plasma cutting torch height rapid positioning structure which comprises a plasma cutting torch 5, wherein a fixing mechanism 3 is arranged on the plasma cutting torch 5, a capacitance acquisition sensor 2 is fixed on the fixing mechanism 3, and a metal ring 1 is arranged at the bottom end of the capacitance acquisition sensor 2.
In this embodiment, the metal ring 1 is installed on the plasma cutting torch 5 and is used for collecting the height between the plasma cutting torch 5 and the steel plate, and because a certain capacitance value exists between the metal ring 1 and the steel plate, the capacitance increases when the metal ring is close to the steel plate, and the capacitance decreases when the metal ring is far away from the steel plate, and the height between the plasma cutting torch 5 and the steel plate is calculated through the size of the capacitance value.
In this embodiment, the capacitance collecting sensor 2 is used for collecting a capacitance value between the metal ring 1 and the steel plate, converting the capacitance value into a frequency value through the LC oscillator, and transmitting the frequency value to the plasma arc voltage regulator for collection.
In this embodiment, the capacitance collection sensor 2 is characterized in that the connection metal ring 1 has a professional LC oscillating circuit for capacitance conversion frequency in the capacitance collection sensor 2, so that a frequency value can be accurately and stably generated.
Particularly, a relay control is innovatively and newly added in the capacitance acquisition sensor 2, and when the plasma cutting torch 5 is used for arc striking and punching, the connection of a capacitance ring can be cut off instantly, so that the protection effect is achieved, and interference is not brought into the capacitance acquisition sensor 2.
Further, the fixing mechanism 3 comprises a buckle 6 and a hose clamp, the capacitance acquisition sensor 2 is fixed on the buckle 6, the buckle 6 is a pair of fixed blocks which are symmetrically distributed, a mounting groove is formed in the middle of each fixed block, and the two fixed blocks are tightly connected and fixed through a screw piece; on the basis of the original throat hoop of the plasma cutting torch 5, a buckle 6 for fixing the metal ring 1 and the capacitance acquisition sensor 2 is added, so that the stability of installation of the capacitance ring is ensured during working, no shaking is caused, the lowest point of the capacitance ring is controlled to be basically horizontal to the plasma cutting torch 5, and the metal ring 1 can detect collision firstly under the special condition of collision, so that the plasma cutting torch 5 is protected.
Furthermore, an elastic connector 21 is fixed at the bottom end of the capacitance acquisition sensor 2, a connecting rod 11 is fixed at the bottom end of the elastic connector 21, and one end of the connecting rod 11 far away from the elastic connector 21 is fixedly connected with the metal ring 1; the elastic connector 21 is used for protecting the metal ring 1 and the capacitance acquisition sensor 2 and reducing damage generated in collision.
Further, the elastic connector 21 is a hollow cylinder structure, a spring 211 is fixed in the middle of the elastic connector 21, and the elastic connector 21 is made of soft material; in case of collision, the spring 211 may bend, reducing injuries.
In addition, the capacitance acquisition high-frequency wire 4 is electrically connected with a plasma arc voltage regulator; the frequency value converted by the LC oscillator is transmitted to the plasma arc voltage regulator; and the plasma arc voltage regulator receives the frequency fed back by the capacitance acquisition sensor 2 and sends the frequency to the software module for calculation processing. Thereby achieving a high degree of control and rapid positioning.
It should be noted that the capacitance collection high-frequency line 4 has a good shielding layer, can shield external interference, stably transmits a frequency signal to the plasma arc voltage regulator, and meanwhile, the capacitance collection high-frequency line 4 is made of a harder material and is not easy to bend and deform, so that the capacitance collection high-frequency line 4 can be effectively prevented from shaking and swinging during cutting of the plasma cutting torch 5, and a more stable transmission effect is achieved.
It is added that the plasma arc voltage regulator is used for receiving the frequency fed back by the capacitance acquisition sensor 2 and sending the frequency to the software module for calculation processing.
In this embodiment, the plasma arc voltage regulator fast positioning function is divided into the following modules: the device comprises a frequency acquisition module, a sensor calibration module, a height calculation module, a sensor abnormity detection module and a quick positioning control module.
It should be noted that, the frequency acquisition module: and the frequency value is used for acquiring the frequency value fed back by the capacitive sensor and then is transmitted to the upper layer module for calculation and processing.
A sensor calibration module: the method is used for measuring frequency values corresponding to different heights between the cutting nozzle and the steel plate, and then recording the frequency values for calculating the real-time height between the cutting nozzle and the steel plate.
A height calculation module: and according to the result calibrated by the sensor calibration module, calculating the current height between the cutting nozzle and the steel plate through the current frequency value, and transmitting the current height to the positioning control module for use.
A sensor abnormality detection module: and according to the acquired frequency value, detecting whether the plasma cutting torch collides or not and whether the sensor is broken or not in real time, and feeding back to the height regulator for alarm processing.
The quick positioning control module: and the rapid positioning control module controls the plasma cutting torch to rapidly descend to the height set by the user through a PID closed-loop control according to the height value fed back by the height calculation module and the height value set by the user, so as to complete rapid positioning.
The invention also provides a rapid positioning method of the plasma cutting torch height rapid positioning structure, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: frequency acquisition, namely installing a metal ring 1 on a plasma cutting torch 5, converting a capacitance value into a frequency value through a self-made capacitance acquisition sensor 2 due to capacitance between the metal ring 1 and a steel plate, and acquiring the frequency through a capacitance acquisition high-frequency line 4 by a plasma arc voltage regulator;
step two: the height is calibrated, even if the distances between a cutting nozzle and a steel plate are the same on different hardware platforms, the frequency values output by the capacitance acquisition sensor 2 are also different, so when the plasma arc voltage heightening device is used for the first time by electrifying, calibration needs to be carried out firstly, after the calibration is started, the plasma cutting torch slowly descends until collision occurs, then the plasma cutting torch starts to ascend, the real-time frequency value is recorded every 1mm of ascending, the plasma cutting torch stops when the frequency value ascends to 25mm, and finally whether the frequency value is effective is checked, if the frequency value is effective, the 25 frequency values are stored in a memory, the calibration is successful and invalid, and the calibration fails;
step three: calculating the height, namely comparing the acquired frequency with the frequency stored after calibration, finding out the height interval range of the frequency value, and calculating the height of the plasma cutting torch by adopting a linear formula in the height interval range;
step four: detecting abnormity, wherein for abnormity generated in the positioning process, the abnormity needs to be detected and an alarm message is sent to inform a user, so that safety faults are prevented from occurring or the processing quality of the user is prevented from being influenced, the abnormity comprises a metal ring 1 collision alarm and a capacitance acquisition sensor 2 connection abnormity alarm, the current frequency is always 0, which indicates that the capacitance acquisition sensor 2 is disconnected, and if the frequency difference value between the current frequency and the last moment exceeds a set threshold value, the metal ring 1 touches a steel plate;
step five: and (4) performing rapid positioning, wherein after the plasma arc voltage regulator receives a positioning instruction, comparing the current height value with the positioning height value set by a user, and if the current height value is inconsistent with the positioning height value set by the user, starting a PID (proportion integration differentiation) closed-loop control plasma cutting torch to rapidly descend to the height set by the user, so that the rapid positioning function is realized.
It is worth to say that the threshold is specifically 8000-10000 HZ.
According to the plasma cutting torch height rapid positioning structure and the rapid positioning method, the capacitance generated between the metal ring 1 and the steel plate outside the plasma cutting torch 5 is utilized, the distance between the metal ring 1 and the steel plate is different, the capacitance is also different, the capacitance is converted into a frequency value through the self-made capacitance acquisition sensor 2, after the frequency value is acquired, the frequency value is converted into a height value between the metal ring 1 and the steel plate through software, the height between the plasma cutting torch 5 and the steel plate is further obtained, and the plasma cutting torch 5 can be directly controlled to move to a positioning height position by utilizing the height value, so that the rapid positioning function is realized.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the above embodiments and the description, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. A plasma cutting torch height rapid positioning structure comprises a plasma cutting torch (5), and is characterized in that: the plasma cutting torch is characterized in that a fixing mechanism (3) is arranged on the plasma cutting torch (5), a capacitance acquisition sensor (2) is fixed on the fixing mechanism (3), and a metal ring (1) is arranged at the bottom end of the capacitance acquisition sensor (2).
2. The plasma torch height quick positioning structure of claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the capacitance acquisition sensor (2) is electrically connected with a capacitance acquisition high-frequency line (4).
3. The plasma torch height quick positioning structure of claim 1, wherein: the fixing mechanism (3) comprises a buckle (6) and a hose clamp, the capacitance acquisition sensor (2) is fixed on the buckle (6), the buckle (6) is a pair of fixing blocks which are symmetrically distributed and provided with a mounting groove at the middle position, and the two fixing blocks are fixedly connected through screw pieces.
4. The plasma torch height quick positioning structure of claim 1, wherein: the bottom mounting of electric capacity collection sensor (2) has elastic connector (21), the bottom mounting of elastic connector (21) has connecting rod (11), the one end and becket (1) fixed connection of elastic connector (21) are kept away from in connecting rod (11).
5. The plasma torch height quick positioning structure of claim 1, wherein: the elastic connector (21) is of a hollow cylinder structure, a spring (211) is fixed in the middle of the elastic connector (21), and the elastic connector (21) is made of soft materials.
6. The plasma torch height quick positioning structure of claim 2, wherein: and the capacitance acquisition high-frequency wire (4) is electrically connected with a plasma arc voltage regulator.
7. The plasma torch height quick positioning structure of claim 2, wherein: the plasma arc voltage regulator quick positioning function is divided into the following modules: the device comprises a frequency acquisition module, a sensor calibration module, a height calculation module, a sensor abnormity detection module and a quick positioning control module.
8. The method for rapidly positioning the plasma cutting torch height rapid positioning structure of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: frequency acquisition, namely installing a metal ring (1) on a plasma cutting torch (5), converting a capacitance value into a frequency value through a self-made capacitance acquisition sensor (2) due to the fact that capacitance exists between the metal ring (1) and a steel plate, and acquiring the frequency through a high-frequency line (4) by a plasma arc voltage regulator;
step two: the plasma arc voltage heightening device is characterized by comprising a height calibration device, wherein the height calibration device comprises a capacitance acquisition sensor (2), a plasma arc voltage heightening device, a memory, a plasma cutting torch and a control circuit, wherein the capacitance acquisition sensor (2) is used for acquiring the output frequency value of the plasma arc voltage heightening device, the plasma arc voltage heightening device is used for being electrified for the first time, the frequency value output by the capacitance acquisition sensor (2) is different on different hardware platforms, therefore, when the plasma arc voltage heightening device is used for being electrified for the first time, the calibration device needs to be firstly calibrated, after the calibration is started, the plasma cutting torch slowly descends until collision occurs, then the plasma cutting torch starts to ascend, the;
step three: calculating the height, namely comparing the acquired frequency with the frequency stored after calibration, finding out the height interval range of the frequency value, and calculating the height of the plasma cutting torch by adopting a linear formula in the height interval range;
step four: the method comprises the following steps of detecting abnormity, wherein for abnormity generated in the positioning process, the abnormity needs to be detected and alarm information is sent to inform a user, so that safety faults are prevented from occurring or the processing quality of the user is prevented from being influenced, the abnormity comprises a metal ring (1) collision alarm and a capacitance acquisition sensor (2) connection abnormity alarm, the current frequency is always 0, which indicates that the capacitance acquisition sensor (2) is disconnected, and if the frequency difference value between the current frequency and the last moment exceeds a set threshold value, the metal ring (1) is in contact with a steel plate;
step five: and (4) performing rapid positioning, wherein after the plasma arc voltage regulator receives a positioning instruction, comparing the current height value with the positioning height value set by a user, and if the current height value is inconsistent with the positioning height value set by the user, starting a PID (proportion integration differentiation) closed-loop control plasma cutting torch to rapidly descend to the height set by the user, so that the rapid positioning function is realized.
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| CN202011312476.0A CN112475569A (en) | 2020-11-20 | 2020-11-20 | Plasma cutting torch height rapid positioning structure and rapid positioning method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113523521A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-10-22 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | Automatic adjusting device of underwater plasma machine |
| CN115430897A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2022-12-06 | 南京超颖新能源科技有限公司 | Bus type digital arc voltage regulator and control system and processing method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-11-20 CN CN202011312476.0A patent/CN112475569A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113523521A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-10-22 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | Automatic adjusting device of underwater plasma machine |
| CN115430897A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2022-12-06 | 南京超颖新能源科技有限公司 | Bus type digital arc voltage regulator and control system and processing method thereof |
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