CN112472165A - Space supporting air bag for operation - Google Patents
Space supporting air bag for operation Download PDFInfo
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- CN112472165A CN112472165A CN202011248125.8A CN202011248125A CN112472165A CN 112472165 A CN112472165 A CN 112472165A CN 202011248125 A CN202011248125 A CN 202011248125A CN 112472165 A CN112472165 A CN 112472165A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/02—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for holding wounds open; Tractors
- A61B17/0218—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for holding wounds open; Tractors for minimally invasive surgery
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3417—Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
- A61B17/3421—Cannulas
- A61B17/3439—Cannulas with means for changing the inner diameter of the cannula, e.g. expandable
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3478—Endoscopic needles, e.g. for infusion
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/02—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for holding wounds open; Tractors
- A61B2017/0212—Cushions or pads, without holding arms, as tissue retainers, e.g. for retracting viscera
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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Abstract
The invention discloses a space supporting air bag for an operation, which relates to the technical field of medical instruments and comprises a telescopic bag body, wherein a supporting pipeline for supporting the telescopic bag body is arranged on the outer edge of the telescopic bag body, the supporting pipeline is communicated with an inflating pipeline, and a flow regulating device is arranged on the inflating pipeline; the silicon rubber provided by the invention has the advantages that the structure is simple and convenient, the use is convenient, the space in the cavity channel can be opened in the operation process of endoscopic surgery and the like, the space is provided for the subsequent surgical instruments to enter, in addition, the silicon rubber substrate is modified by adopting the antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano particles, and the prepared silicon rubber has good mechanical property, optical transparency and antibacterial property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a space supporting air bag for an operation.
Background
At present, more and more surgical procedures need to be perforated, and then medical instruments are used for entering cavities and ducts for surgery, for example, endoscopic surgery is a new minimally invasive surgical method, changes the surgical procedures and observation modes of traditional surgery, and has the advantages of small wound, quick recovery, short hospitalization time and the like, so the method is an inevitable trend for future surgical development. In the process of endoscopic surgery, doctors need to complete complex surgical operations under a small incision, and because a large number of tissues exist in the human body, the operations can be normally performed only by expanding the tissues during the operations. In the current endoscopic surgery, an endoscopic surgery retractor or carbon dioxide gas is usually adopted to open the surgical cavity, but the retractor cannot open the cavity in all directions when opening the incision, so that the visual field of the endoscope is easily limited, the surgery quality is affected, and carbon dioxide gas is adopted to inflate the surgical cavity, so that the patient is easily subjected to complications such as carbon dioxide retention in the body and the like, and the recovery of the patient is not facilitated.
For example, an endoscopic thyroid surgery retractor disclosed in chinese patent literature, which is under CN2745517, discloses a retractor for endoscopic thyroid surgery, and the endoscopic thyroid surgery retractor is made of a metal wire through bending. The drag hook body of the drag hook is in a V shape with a wide bottom, one end is a needle point, the other end is continued with the drag hook rod, and the drag hook rod is connected with the drag hook handle. When the external retractor is used, the needle point of the external retractor for skin pierces the skin, enters the thyroid cavity through the rotary retractor, and pulls the muscle group in front of the neck to the outside with the assistance of the endoscope apparatus, so that the thyroid is fully exposed. However, the utility model can not carry out the all-round opening of the cavity channel, which easily causes the visual field of the endoscope to be limited and affects the operation quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a space supporting air bag for an operation, aiming at solving the problems that in the operation process, doctors need to complete complex surgical operations under a small incision, because a large number of tissues are arranged in a human body, the operations can be normally carried out only by opening the tissues during the operations, in the current endoscopic operations, an endoscopic operation drag hook or carbon dioxide inflation is usually adopted to open an operation cavity channel, but the drag hook cannot open the cavity channel in an all-around way when the incision is opened, so that the visual field of an endoscope is easily limited, the operation quality is influenced, and carbon dioxide inflation is adopted, so that the patients are easily subjected to complications such as carbon dioxide retention in the body and the like, and the recovery of the patients is not facilitated.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a space support gasbag is used in operation, includes scalable utricule, scalable utricule outer edge is equipped with the support tube who is used for propping up scalable utricule, support tube intercommunication has the pipeline of aerifing, the last flow control device that is equipped with of pipeline of aerifing.
When the space supporting airbag is used, the space supporting airbag is placed in a cavity channel to be expanded, then, gas is filled into the supporting pipeline through the inflating pipeline, at the moment, the supporting pipeline can expand the telescopic airbag, and the cavity channel is expanded after the inflating pipeline is closed by the flow regulating device; moreover, if the distraction space is too large, when the space needs to be adjusted, the air pressure in the supporting pipeline can be adjusted by adopting the flow adjusting device, and the size of the distraction space can be adjusted by utilizing the flexibility of the telescopic bag body, so that the operation of a doctor is facilitated. Therefore, the invention has simple structure and convenient use, and can open the space in the cavity in the operation process of endoscopic surgery and the like and provide space for the entry of subsequent surgical instruments.
Preferably, the retractable capsule body is a cylinder with front and rear openings.
The telescopic bag body is a cylinder with front and rear openings, the cylinder structure can better open the operation cavity in the use process, and meanwhile, the front and rear openings cannot obstruct the access of subsequent medical instruments.
Preferably, the supporting tube comprises a supporting tube ring surrounding the telescopic bag body and a communication tube for communicating the supporting tube ring.
The design of the supporting pipe ring and the communicating pipeline can better support the telescopic bag body.
Preferably, the flow regulating device comprises a narrow flow section and a wide flow section, the narrow flow section and the wide flow section are respectively communicated with the inflation pipeline, the flow regulating device is provided with a sliding groove, an adjusting sliding block is movably connected onto the sliding groove, a flow blocking rod is fixedly connected onto the adjusting sliding block, and an airflow channel is arranged between the flow blocking rod and the inner wall of the wide flow section.
Preferably, the choke rod comprises a choke plug, and the narrow flow section is provided with a groove matched with the choke plug.
In the invention, the flow regulating device can regulate the air pressure in the supporting pipeline, so that the expanding diameter of the telescopic bag body can be changed, and when the inflatable pipeline needs to be sealed in use, the regulating slide block is slid to the bottom end, so that the flow blocking plug on the flow blocking rod is embedded into the groove on the narrow flow section, and the sealing of the inflatable pipeline is completed; when certain pressure relief is needed, and the opening diameter of the telescopic bag body is adjusted, the adjusting slide block can be moved, the flow blocking plug is separated from the groove to form a gap, and gas can pass through the gap and outside the gas flow channel rejection device, so that the gas pressure adjusting effect is achieved.
Preferably, the surface of the choke plug is provided with a rubber pad.
The rubber pad makes the sealed effect of choked flow end cap better.
Preferably, the telescopic bag body and the supporting pipeline are prepared from transparent antibacterial silica gel.
Preferably, the transparent antibacterial silica gel comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) mixing 40-50 parts of microcrystalline cellulose and 400-500 parts of 45-65wt% sulfuric acid, stirring for 1-2h at 40-50 ℃, then diluting, centrifuging, washing precipitates, and drying to prepare cellulose nanoparticles;
(2) placing 10 parts of cellulose nano-particles into 100-120 parts of deionized water, then adjusting the pH value to 2-4, then dropping a mixed solution of 4-8 parts of phenyl trimethoxy silane, 3-5 parts of methyl trimethoxy silane and 5-10 parts of vinyl trimethoxy silane, continuously reacting for 4-8h at 70-80 ℃, then centrifugally washing, and performing vacuum drying to obtain the organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles;
(3) dissolving 20-25 parts of dimethyltetradecylamine and 15-20 parts of 5-bromopentanol in 50 parts of ethanol, reacting at 60-70 ℃ and 15-20Mpa for 40-50h, and washing a crystal after reduced pressure distillation to prepare a quaternary ammonium salt intermediate;
(4) dissolving 10 parts of quaternary ammonium salt intermediate into 20-30 parts of trichloromethane, then adding 0.01-0.03 part of stannous octoate, stirring and dissolving at 35-45 ℃, adding 3-5 parts of 2-isocyano ethyl acrylate, keeping the temperature and reacting for 6-10 hours, washing after rotary evaporation, and drying in vacuum to prepare a quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer;
(5) dispersing 5 parts of organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles into 25-30 parts of methanol, then adding 10-13 parts of quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer and 0.05-0.1 part of initiator azobisisobutyronitrile, carrying out grafting reaction under the inert gas atmosphere, centrifuging after the reaction is finished, taking a precipitate, and washing to prepare the antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles;
(6) adding antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles and 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (tert-butylperoxy) hexane into silicon rubber containing vinyl side groups, uniformly mixing, vulcanizing at 180-200 ℃ for 2-5h, and cooling to prepare the transparent antibacterial silica gel.
In the present invention, the space-supporting airbag is used to support the body lumen, and thus, it is required to have a good antibacterial effect, and at the same time, it is required to make the space-supporting airbag transparent because the spread tissue needs to be observed after the space-supporting. The silica gel has the characteristics of good biocompatibility, high transparency, no toxicity, good anticoagulation performance and the like, so that the silica gel is widely applied to the fields of medical instruments and the like. In the prior art, in order to endow silica gel with antibacterial property, a mode of adding antibacterial agent is generally adopted, for example, a mode of adding titanium dioxide, nano silver and the like in a nanometer mode, but the preparation mode increases the antibacterial property of the silica gel, but the transparency of the silica gel is deteriorated, and the use of the silica gel in a human cavity is influenced.
Therefore, the cellulose nano-particles are modified by adopting the cellulose nano-particles, because the cellulose molecular chains contain ether bonds, hydroxyl groups, carbon-carbon bonds and carbon-hydrogen bonds, the bonds can not absorb sunlight in a visible light region, so that light can penetrate through the cellulose, and the cellulose can be colorless.
When the transparent antibacterial silica gel is prepared, firstly microcrystalline cellulose is adopted for degradation to prepare cellulose nano-particles, then phenyltrimethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane and vinyltrimethoxysilane are adopted for hydrolysis and condensation on the surfaces of the cellulose nano-particles, so that organic silicon coating is successfully realized on the surfaces of the cellulose nano-particles, the cellulose nano-particles have good dispersibility in an organic silicon matrix, and simultaneously, as the vinyltrimethoxysilane is adopted for cohydrolysis and condensation, a vinyl component is effectively dispersed in the organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particle component; then, the invention successfully prepares a quaternary ammonium salt intermediate containing hydroxyl by dimethyltetradecylamine and 5-bromopentanol, then utilizes the approach reaction of an isocyanate group on 2-isocyanoacrylate and the hydroxyl on the quaternary ammonium salt intermediate to successfully prepare a vinyl-terminated quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer, when the quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer is used for graft modification of the organosilicon coated cellulose nano-particles, the quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer can generate graft polymerization reaction with a vinyl component dispersed in the organosilicon coated cellulose nano-particles so as to prepare the antibacterial organosilicon coated cellulose nano-particles, after the antibacterial organosilicon coated cellulose nano-particles are mixed and vulcanized with silicon rubber containing vinyl side groups, the vinyl component on the antibacterial organosilicon coated cellulose nano-particles can be crosslinked with the vinyl side groups on a silicon rubber substrate, therefore, the antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles can be firmly combined with silicon rubber molecular chains through chemical bonding, the problem that an antibacterial agent of the antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles is easy to migrate and dissolve out in the long-time storage and storage process is solved, meanwhile, the antibacterial silicon dioxide is mixed with the silicon rubber to form a three-dimensional cross-linked network, when external force is applied, the whole system is uniformly stressed, and the mechanical property of the antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles is greatly improved. Therefore, the antibacterial silicone rubber prepared by modifying the silicone rubber matrix by coating the cellulose nanoparticles with the antibacterial silicone has good mechanical properties, optical transparency and antibacterial properties.
Preferably, the grafting reaction in step (5) is carried out at 50-60 ℃ for 10-15 h.
In research and development of the invention group, the grafting time of the quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer has certain influence on the antibacterial performance and the transparency, if the grafting time is too short, the antibacterial performance is relatively poor, and if the grafting time is too long, the transparency is reduced to a certain extent, so that the grafting reaction time is strictly controlled to 10-15h, and the prepared transparent antibacterial silica gel has good transparency and antibacterial performance.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the silicone rubber containing vinyl side groups to the antibacterial silicone-coated cellulose nanoparticles in the step (6) is 10: 1-2.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention has simple structure and convenient use, can open the space in the cavity channel in the operation process of endoscopic surgery and the like, and provides space for the entry of subsequent surgical instruments;
(2) according to the invention, the antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles are adopted to modify the silicon rubber matrix, so that the prepared silicon rubber has good mechanical property, optical transparency and antibacterial property.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the flow regulating device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of another angular structure of the present invention.
In the figure: the inflatable bag comprises a telescopic bag body 1, a supporting pipeline 2, a supporting pipe ring 21, a communicating pipeline 22, an inflating pipeline 3, a flow regulating device 4, a narrow flow section 41, a wide flow section 42, a sliding groove 43, a regulating slide block 44, a flow blocking rod 45, a flow blocking plug 451, a groove 452, a rubber pad 453 and an air flow channel 46.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the surgical space support airbag comprises a telescopic bag body 1, wherein the telescopic bag body 1 is a cylinder with a front opening and a rear opening, a support pipeline 2 for supporting the telescopic bag body 1 is arranged on the outer edge of the telescopic bag body 1, and the support pipeline 2 comprises a support pipe ring 21 surrounding the telescopic bag body 1 and a communication pipeline 22 for communicating the support pipe ring 21; the support pipeline 2 is communicated with an inflation pipeline 3, the inflation pipeline 3 is provided with a flow adjusting device 4, as shown in fig. 2, the flow adjusting device 4 comprises a narrow flow section 41 and a wide flow section 42, the narrow flow section 41 and the wide flow section 42 are respectively communicated with the inflation pipeline 3, the flow adjusting device 4 is provided with a sliding groove 43, the sliding groove 43 is movably connected with an adjusting sliding block 44, the adjusting sliding block 44 is fixedly connected with a flow blocking rod 45, a flow channel 46 is arranged between the flow blocking rod 45 and the inner wall of the wide flow section 42, the flow blocking rod 45 comprises a flow blocking plug 451, the narrow flow section 41 is provided with a groove 452 matched with the flow blocking plug 451, and the surface of the flow blocking plug 451 is provided with a rubber pad 453.
Scalable utricule and support pipeline adopt transparent antibacterial silica gel to prepare and obtain, transparent antibacterial silica gel includes following preparation steps:
(1) mixing 45 parts of microcrystalline cellulose and 450 parts of 50 wt% sulfuric acid, stirring for 1.5h at 45 ℃, then diluting, centrifuging, washing and drying precipitates to prepare cellulose nano-particles;
(2) placing 10 parts of cellulose nano-particles into 110 parts of deionized water, then adjusting the pH value to 3, then dropping a mixed solution of 6 parts of phenyl trimethoxy silane, 4 parts of methyl trimethoxy silane and 7 parts of vinyl trimethoxy silane, continuously reacting for 6 hours at 75 ℃, then centrifugally washing, and performing vacuum drying to obtain the organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles;
(3) dissolving 23 parts of dimethyltetradecylamine and 17 parts of 5-bromopentanol in 50 parts of ethanol, reacting at 65 ℃ and 17Mpa for 45 hours, and washing a crystal after reduced pressure distillation to prepare a quaternary ammonium salt intermediate;
(4) dissolving 10 parts of quaternary ammonium salt intermediate in 25 parts of trichloromethane, then adding 0.02 part of stannous octoate, stirring and dissolving at 40 ℃, adding 4 parts of 2-isocyanoacrylate, keeping the temperature and reacting for 8 hours, carrying out rotary evaporation, washing, and carrying out vacuum drying to prepare a quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer;
(5) dispersing 5 parts of organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles into 27 parts of methanol, then adding 12 parts of quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer and 0.07 part of initiator azobisisobutyronitrile, carrying out grafting reaction for 12 hours at 55 ℃ in an inert gas atmosphere, centrifuging after the reaction is finished, taking a precipitate, and washing to prepare the antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles;
(6) adding antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles and 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (tert-butyl peroxy) hexane into silicon rubber containing vinyl side groups, uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the silicon rubber containing the vinyl side groups to the antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles is 10:1.5, vulcanizing at 190 ℃ for 4 hours, and cooling to prepare the transparent antibacterial silica gel.
Example 2: the difference from the example 1 is that the transparent antibacterial silica gel comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) mixing 40-50 parts of microcrystalline cellulose and 400 parts of 65wt% sulfuric acid, stirring for 2 hours at 40 ℃, then diluting, centrifuging, washing and drying precipitates to prepare cellulose nano-particles;
(2) placing 10 parts of cellulose nano-particles into 100 parts of deionized water, then adjusting the pH value to 2, then dropping a mixed solution of 4 parts of phenyl trimethoxy silane, 3 parts of methyl trimethoxy silane and 5 parts of vinyl trimethoxy silane, continuously reacting for 8 hours at 70 ℃, then centrifugally washing, and performing vacuum drying to prepare the organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles;
(3) dissolving 20 parts of dimethyltetradecylamine and 15 parts of 5-bromopentanol in 50 parts of ethanol, reacting at 60 ℃ and 15Mpa for 40 hours, and washing a crystal after reduced pressure distillation to prepare a quaternary ammonium salt intermediate;
(4) dissolving 10 parts of quaternary ammonium salt intermediate in 20 parts of trichloromethane, then adding 0.01 part of stannous octoate, stirring and dissolving at 35 ℃, adding 3 parts of 2-isocyanoacrylate, keeping the temperature and reacting for 6 hours, carrying out rotary evaporation, washing, and carrying out vacuum drying to prepare a quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer;
(5) dispersing 5 parts of organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles into 25 parts of methanol, then adding 10 parts of quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer and 0.05 part of initiator azobisisobutyronitrile, carrying out grafting reaction for 15 hours at 50 ℃ in an inert gas atmosphere, centrifuging after the reaction is finished, taking a precipitate, and washing to prepare the antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles;
(6) adding antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles and 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (tert-butyl peroxy) hexane into silicon rubber containing vinyl side groups, uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the silicon rubber containing the vinyl side groups to the antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles is 10:1, vulcanizing at 180 ℃ for 5 hours, and cooling to prepare the transparent antibacterial silica gel.
Example 3: the difference from the example 1 is that the transparent antibacterial silica gel comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) mixing 50 parts of microcrystalline cellulose with 500 parts of 65wt% sulfuric acid, stirring for 2 hours at 50 ℃, then diluting, centrifuging, washing and drying precipitates to prepare cellulose nano-particles;
(2) placing 10 parts of cellulose nano-particles into 120 parts of deionized water, then adjusting the pH value to 4, then dropping a mixed solution of 8 parts of phenyl trimethoxy silane, 5 parts of methyl trimethoxy silane and 10 parts of vinyl trimethoxy silane, continuously reacting for 8 hours at 80 ℃, then centrifugally washing, and performing vacuum drying to obtain the organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles;
(3) dissolving 25 parts of dimethyltetradecylamine and 20 parts of 5-bromopentanol in 50 parts of ethanol, reacting at 70 ℃ and 20Mpa for 40 hours, and washing a crystal after reduced pressure distillation to prepare a quaternary ammonium salt intermediate;
(4) dissolving 10 parts of quaternary ammonium salt intermediate in 30 parts of trichloromethane, then adding 0.03 part of stannous octoate, stirring and dissolving at 45 ℃, adding 5 parts of 2-isocyanoacrylate, keeping the temperature and reacting for 6 hours, carrying out rotary evaporation, washing, and carrying out vacuum drying to prepare a quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer;
(5) dispersing 5 parts of organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles into 30 parts of methanol, then adding 13 parts of quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer and 0.1 part of initiator azobisisobutyronitrile, carrying out grafting reaction for 10 hours at 60 ℃ in an inert gas atmosphere, centrifuging after the reaction is finished, taking a precipitate, and washing to prepare the antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles;
(6) adding antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles and 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (tert-butyl peroxy) hexane into silicon rubber containing vinyl side groups, uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the silicon rubber containing the vinyl side groups to the antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles is 10:2, vulcanizing at 200 ℃ for 2h, and cooling to prepare the transparent antibacterial silica gel.
Comparative example 1: the difference from the example 1 is that the antibacterial silica gel comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) dissolving 23 parts of dimethyltetradecylamine and 17 parts of 5-bromopentanol in 50 parts of ethanol, reacting at 65 ℃ and 17Mpa for 45 hours, and washing crystals after reduced pressure distillation to prepare the quaternary ammonium salt bactericide;
(2) adding a quaternary ammonium salt bactericide and 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (tert-butylperoxy) hexane into the silicon rubber containing the vinyl side group, uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the silicon rubber containing the vinyl side group to the quaternary ammonium salt bactericide is 10:1.5, vulcanizing at 190 ℃ for 4 hours, and cooling to prepare the antibacterial silica gel.
Comparative example 2: the difference from the example 1 is that the antibacterial silica gel comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) dissolving 23 parts of dimethyltetradecylamine and 17 parts of 5-bromopentanol in 50 parts of ethanol, reacting at 65 ℃ and 17Mpa for 45 hours, and washing a crystal after reduced pressure distillation to prepare a quaternary ammonium salt intermediate;
(2) dissolving 10 parts of quaternary ammonium salt intermediate in 25 parts of trichloromethane, then adding 0.02 part of stannous octoate, stirring and dissolving at 40 ℃, adding 4 parts of 2-isocyanoacrylate, keeping the temperature and reacting for 8 hours, carrying out rotary evaporation, washing, and carrying out vacuum drying to prepare a quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer;
(3) adding a quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer and 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (tert-butylperoxy) hexane into the silicone rubber containing the vinyl side group, uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the silicone rubber containing the vinyl side group to the quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer is 10:1.5, vulcanizing at 190 ℃ for 4 hours, and cooling to prepare the antibacterial silica gel.
Comparative example 3: the difference from the example 1 is that the antibacterial silica gel comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) mixing 45 parts of microcrystalline cellulose and 450 parts of 50 wt% sulfuric acid, stirring for 1.5h at 45 ℃, then diluting, centrifuging, washing and drying precipitates to prepare cellulose nano-particles;
(2) adding cellulose nano-particles and 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (tert-butylperoxy) hexane into the silicone rubber containing vinyl side groups, uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the silicone rubber containing vinyl side groups to the cellulose nano-particles is 10:1.5, vulcanizing at 190 ℃ for 4 hours, and cooling to prepare the antibacterial silica gel.
Comparative example 4: the difference from the example 1 is that the antibacterial silica gel comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) mixing 45 parts of microcrystalline cellulose and 450 parts of 50 wt% sulfuric acid, stirring for 1.5h at 45 ℃, then diluting, centrifuging, washing and drying precipitates to prepare cellulose nano-particles;
(2) placing 10 parts of cellulose nano-particles into 110 parts of deionized water, then adjusting the pH value to 3, then dropping a mixed solution of 6 parts of phenyl trimethoxy silane, 4 parts of methyl trimethoxy silane and 7 parts of vinyl trimethoxy silane, continuously reacting for 6 hours at 75 ℃, then centrifugally washing, and performing vacuum drying to obtain the organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles;
(3) dissolving 23 parts of dimethyltetradecylamine and 17 parts of 5-bromopentanol in 50 parts of ethanol, reacting at 65 ℃ and 17Mpa for 45 hours, and washing a crystal after reduced pressure distillation to prepare a quaternary ammonium salt intermediate;
(4) dissolving 10 parts of quaternary ammonium salt intermediate in 25 parts of trichloromethane, then adding 0.02 part of stannous octoate, stirring and dissolving at 40 ℃, adding 4 parts of 2-isocyanoacrylate, keeping the temperature and reacting for 8 hours, carrying out rotary evaporation, washing, and carrying out vacuum drying to prepare a quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer;
(5) dispersing 5 parts of organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles into 27 parts of methanol, then adding 12 parts of quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer and 0.07 part of initiator azobisisobutyronitrile, carrying out grafting reaction for 5 hours at 55 ℃ in an inert gas atmosphere, centrifuging after the reaction is finished, taking a precipitate, and washing to prepare the antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles;
(6) adding antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles and 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (tert-butyl peroxy) hexane into silicon rubber containing vinyl side groups, uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the silicon rubber containing the vinyl side groups to the antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles is 10:1.5, vulcanizing at 190 ℃ for 4 hours, and cooling to prepare the transparent antibacterial silica gel.
Comparative example 5: the difference from the example 1 is that the antibacterial silica gel comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) mixing 45 parts of microcrystalline cellulose and 450 parts of 50 wt% sulfuric acid, stirring for 1.5h at 45 ℃, then diluting, centrifuging, washing and drying precipitates to prepare cellulose nano-particles;
(2) placing 10 parts of cellulose nano-particles into 110 parts of deionized water, then adjusting the pH value to 3, then dropping a mixed solution of 6 parts of phenyl trimethoxy silane, 4 parts of methyl trimethoxy silane and 7 parts of vinyl trimethoxy silane, continuously reacting for 6 hours at 75 ℃, then centrifugally washing, and performing vacuum drying to obtain the organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles;
(3) dissolving 23 parts of dimethyltetradecylamine and 17 parts of 5-bromopentanol in 50 parts of ethanol, reacting at 65 ℃ and 17Mpa for 45 hours, and washing a crystal after reduced pressure distillation to prepare a quaternary ammonium salt intermediate;
(4) dissolving 10 parts of quaternary ammonium salt intermediate in 25 parts of trichloromethane, then adding 0.02 part of stannous octoate, stirring and dissolving at 40 ℃, adding 4 parts of 2-isocyanoacrylate, keeping the temperature and reacting for 8 hours, carrying out rotary evaporation, washing, and carrying out vacuum drying to prepare a quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer;
(5) dispersing 5 parts of organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles into 27 parts of methanol, then adding 12 parts of quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer and 0.07 part of initiator azobisisobutyronitrile, carrying out grafting reaction for 20 hours at 55 ℃ in an inert gas atmosphere, centrifuging after the reaction is finished, taking a precipitate, and washing to prepare the antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles;
(6) adding antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles and 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (tert-butyl peroxy) hexane into silicon rubber containing vinyl side groups, uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the silicon rubber containing the vinyl side groups to the antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles is 10:1.5, vulcanizing at 190 ℃ for 4 hours, and cooling to prepare the transparent antibacterial silica gel.
The silica gel materials prepared in the examples and the comparative examples are subjected to antibacterial property, mechanical property and transparency test; the antibacterial performance is as reference to QBT2519-2003 and GB4789.2-2010, wherein the extraction is to cut the antibacterial organosilicon material into sheets with the thickness of 5mm, place the sheets on a Soxhlet extractor, and extract the sheets for 48 hours by adopting ethanol at the temperature of 80 ℃; the mechanical properties are referred to GB/T528-; the transparency test adopts an ultraviolet visible spectrometer to carry out a visible light (400-; the data obtained from the tests are shown in the following table.
As can be seen from the above table, the transparent antibacterial silica gel prepared by the embodiment of the invention has excellent antibacterial property, mechanical property and optical property; the difference between the comparative example 1 and the example 1 is that the quaternary ammonium salt bactericide is directly added, the antibacterial performance of the bactericide is obviously reduced after extraction, and meanwhile, the light transmittance is relatively poor due to the poor dispersibility of the bactericide which is directly blended and added with the quaternary ammonium salt bactericide; the comparative example 2 is different from the example 1 in that the quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer containing the terminal vinyl group is directly added, so that the antibacterial performance is reduced after extraction, the cross-linking structure of the silicon rubber is destroyed during mixing, the mechanical performance of the silicon rubber is reduced, and meanwhile, the light transmittance is relatively poor due to the relatively high dispersibility of the quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer; comparative example 3 is different from example 1 in that it directly adds cellulose nanoparticles that are not coated with silicone and thus it has no antibacterial property, while uncoated cellulose nanoparticles are poorly dispersed in a silicone matrix and thus its mechanical properties and light transmittance are poor; comparative examples 4 and 5 are different from example 1 in that the grafting time of the quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer exceeds a limited range, thus having an influence on the transparency and antibacterial performance of the material.
The raw materials and equipment used in the invention are common raw materials and equipment in the field if not specified; the methods used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, alterations and equivalents of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a space support gasbag is used in operation which characterized in that, includes scalable utricule (1), scalable utricule (1) is outer along being equipped with support pipeline (2) that are used for propping up scalable utricule (1), support pipeline (2) intercommunication has gas filled tube (3), be equipped with flow control device (4) on gas filled tube (3).
2. A surgical space-supporting balloon according to claim 1, wherein the telescopic bladder (1) is a cylinder open at the front and rear.
3. A surgical space supporting balloon according to claim 2, characterized in that the supporting conduit (2) comprises a supporting tube loop (21) surrounding the telescopic bladder (1) and a communication conduit (22) for communicating the supporting tube loop (21).
4. The surgical space support balloon according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the flow regulating device (4) comprises a narrow flow section (41) and a wide flow section (42), the narrow flow section (41) and the wide flow section (42) are respectively communicated with the inflation pipeline (3), the flow regulating device (4) is provided with a sliding chute (43), an adjusting slide block (44) is movably connected onto the sliding chute (43), a flow blocking rod (45) is fixedly connected onto the adjusting slide block (44), and a flow channel (46) is arranged between the flow blocking rod (45) and the inner wall of the wide flow section (42).
5. The surgical space support balloon of claim 4, wherein the choke lever (45) comprises a choke plug (451), and the narrow flow section (41) is provided with a groove (452) matching with the choke plug (451).
6. A surgical space supporting balloon according to claim 5, characterized in that the surface of the choke plug (451) is provided with a rubber pad (453).
7. The surgical space supporting airbag according to claim 1, wherein the stretchable bag body and the supporting tube are made of transparent antibacterial silica gel.
8. The surgical space supporting air bag according to claim 7, wherein the transparent antibacterial silica gel comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) mixing 40-50 parts of microcrystalline cellulose and 400-500 parts of 45-65wt% sulfuric acid, stirring for 1-2h at 40-50 ℃, then diluting, centrifuging, washing precipitates, and drying to prepare cellulose nanoparticles;
(2) placing 10 parts of cellulose nano-particles into 100-120 parts of deionized water, then adjusting the pH value to 2-4, then dropping a mixed solution of 4-8 parts of phenyl trimethoxy silane, 3-5 parts of methyl trimethoxy silane and 5-10 parts of vinyl trimethoxy silane, continuously reacting for 4-8h at 70-80 ℃, then centrifugally washing, and performing vacuum drying to obtain the organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles;
(3) dissolving 20-25 parts of dimethyltetradecylamine and 15-20 parts of 5-bromopentanol in 50 parts of ethanol, reacting at 60-70 ℃ and 15-20Mpa for 40-50h, and washing a crystal after reduced pressure distillation to prepare a quaternary ammonium salt intermediate;
(4) dissolving 10 parts of quaternary ammonium salt intermediate into 20-30 parts of trichloromethane, then adding 0.01-0.03 part of stannous octoate, stirring and dissolving at 35-45 ℃, adding 3-5 parts of 2-isocyano ethyl acrylate, keeping the temperature and reacting for 6-10 hours, washing after rotary evaporation, and drying in vacuum to prepare a quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer;
(5) dispersing 5 parts of organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles into 25-30 parts of methanol, then adding 10-13 parts of quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomer and 0.05-0.1 part of initiator azobisisobutyronitrile, carrying out grafting reaction under the inert gas atmosphere, centrifuging after the reaction is finished, taking a precipitate, and washing to prepare the antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles;
(6) adding antibacterial organic silicon coated cellulose nano-particles and 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (tert-butylperoxy) hexane into silicon rubber containing vinyl side groups, uniformly mixing, vulcanizing at 180-200 ℃ for 2-5h, and cooling to prepare the transparent antibacterial silica gel.
9. The surgical space-supporting balloon of claim 8, wherein the grafting reaction in step (5) is carried out at 50-60 ℃ for 10-15 h.
10. The surgical space-supporting balloon of claim 8, wherein the mass ratio of the silicone rubber containing vinyl side groups to the antibacterial silicone-coated cellulose nanoparticles in step (6) is 10: 1-2.
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