CN112469118A - Indoor positioning system and method based on LTE small base station - Google Patents
Indoor positioning system and method based on LTE small base station Download PDFInfo
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- CN112469118A CN112469118A CN202011251282.4A CN202011251282A CN112469118A CN 112469118 A CN112469118 A CN 112469118A CN 202011251282 A CN202011251282 A CN 202011251282A CN 112469118 A CN112469118 A CN 112469118A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
- H04W64/006—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management with additional information processing, e.g. for direction or speed determination
Abstract
The invention discloses an indoor positioning system and method based on LTE small base stations. The LTE small base stations are uniformly distributed in the positioning area, so that the full coverage of the positioning area is realized; and the service cell in which the terminal to be positioned is located sends a specific RRC message to the terminal to be positioned under the control of the positioning server, and sends the identity information, the uplink and downlink information and the measurement information reported by the terminal to the positioning server.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to an indoor positioning system and method.
Background
With the vigorous development of the mobile internet, the popularity of the intelligent terminal is higher and higher. In order to perform customized service push for users, more and more applications need to acquire positioning information of the intelligent terminal. Therefore, positioning technology, especially indoor positioning technology, has become a research hotspot. The existing intelligent terminal is generally provided with various sensors, can receive various wireless radio frequency signals, and provides various positioning sources including satellite signals, RFID, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, cellular wireless signals and the like for positioning. Positioning methods based on these positioning sources have been studied in large numbers, and ranging positioning and fingerprint matching positioning based on RSSI have been developed in various positioning techniques of positioning sources.
In the LTE system, in order to perform mobility management, a terminal measures reference signals of surrounding cells and reports a measurement result to a serving cell. The physical measurement values that the terminal can report are many, including RSRP that can reflect terminal-to-cell distance information, and the like. The physical measurement values reported by the intelligent terminal are utilized, and positioning calculation is carried out through an LTE system so as to realize positioning of the intelligent terminal, so that the method becomes a research direction which has no better research result but has great significance in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art, the invention provides an indoor positioning system and method based on an LTE small base station, which are used for positioning a positioning terminal through an LTE system by utilizing a physical measurement value reported by the terminal.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an indoor positioning system based on an LTE small base station is characterized by comprising:
the LTE small base stations are used for acquiring identity information and distance information of a terminal to be positioned;
the positioning server is used for collecting relevant information of the LTE small base station and information of the terminal to be positioned, which is acquired by the LTE small base station, so as to perform positioning calculation;
the switch is used for connecting the LTE small base station with the positioning server;
the LTE small base stations are uniformly distributed in the positioning area, so that the full coverage of the positioning area is realized; and the service cell in which the terminal to be positioned is positioned sends a specific RRC message to the terminal to be positioned under the control of the positioning server, and sends the identity information, the on-line and off-line information and the measurement information reported by the terminal to the positioning server.
Further, the positioning server includes:
the small base station management module is used for storing identity information, position information, working state and configuration information of each LTE small base station in the system;
the system comprises a user management module, a positioning module and a positioning module, wherein the user management module is used for storing identity information and states of all terminals to be positioned in a system coverage area and RSRP (reference signal received power) measurement values of terminals to reference signals of surrounding cells, and initiating a terminal call-up flow, a measurement starting flow and a measurement termination flow according to positioning requirements;
the transmission model management module is used for analyzing and calculating a transmission model conforming to the current wireless environment; during deployment, performing transmission model fitting through dotting;
and the position calculation module is used for calculating the position of the terminal to be positioned according to the coordinates of the LTE small base station, the transmission model and the measurement information reported by the terminal.
Further, the transmission model includes, but is not limited to, a log-distance loss model.
Furthermore, the terminal to be positioned communicates with the LTE small base station through a UU interface in an LTE protocol, the LTE small base station communicates with the positioning server through a TCP connection, and the positioning server manages the LTE small base station and the terminal to be positioned through a signaling loaded on a TCP packet.
The indoor positioning method based on the indoor positioning system comprises the following steps:
(1) the positioning system is started, the LTE small base station establishes a service cell, collects IMSI information of surrounding terminals to be positioned and stores the IMSI information in the positioning server;
(2) if the positioning is started, the terminal to be positioned is not on line, and the positioning system starts a terminal call flow;
(3) when positioning is started, a positioning system configures a terminal to be positioned to measure surrounding cells and extracts measured values of the surrounding cells;
(4) calculating the position according to the measured value reported by the terminal to be positioned;
(5) and after the positioning is finished, the positioning system configures the terminal to be positioned to terminate the positioning related measurement.
Further, in step (1), the process of collecting the IMSI information of the surrounding terminals to be located is as follows:
(1-1) after an RRC connection is established between a terminal to be positioned and an LTE small base station, if the LTE small base station does not have IMSI information of the terminal, an Identity Request message is sent to the terminal, and the terminal is required to report the IMSI information;
(1-2) after receiving an Identity Response message returned by the terminal, the LTE small base station extracts IMSI information in the Identity Response message and sends a UE online Indication message to the positioning server, and the positioning server records the terminal and changes the state of the terminal to be online after receiving the message;
(1-3) when the terminal to be positioned finishes one-time RRC connection, the last message between the LTE small base station and the terminal to be positioned is an RRC Release message, the LTE small base station sends a UE offflex Indication message to the positioning server after sending the message, and the positioning server modifies the state of the terminal to be offline after receiving the message.
Further, in step (2), the positioning system initiates a terminal call flow as follows:
(2-1) the positioning server sends an Arousal Request message to all LTE small base stations in the positioning system, and starts a timer Tarouual;
(2-2) broadcasting a paging message by the LTE small base station after receiving the Arousal Request message, wherein the paging message carries IMSI information of a terminal to be positioned;
(2-3) if the terminal to be positioned is in the coverage of the positioning system, after receiving the paging message, establishing RRC connection in the current resident cell, entering an online state, and terminating a timer Tarosual by the positioning server;
and (2-4) if the timer Tarosual is overtime, the terminal to be positioned is considered to be away from the coverage area of the positioning system.
Further, in step (3), the process that the positioning system configures the terminal to be positioned to measure the surrounding cells and extract the measured values thereof is as follows:
(3-1) the positioning server sends a Measurement Request message to an LTE small base station where a terminal to be positioned is located;
(3-2) after receiving the Measurement Request message, the LTE small base station sends an RRC connection reconfiguration message to a terminal to be positioned, wherein the message contains Measurement control information, and a Measurement target comprises a serving cell frequency point and an adjacent cell frequency point;
(3-3) after receiving the measurement control information, the terminal to be positioned measures the serving cell and the neighboring cell and reports a measurement report;
and (3-4) after receiving the Measurement report, the LTE small base station analyzes and processes the report, constructs a Measurement Result Indication message, and sends the RSRP information of the reference signals of the surrounding cells measured by the terminal to be positioned to the positioning server.
Further, in step (4), the process of calculating the position according to the measurement value reported by the terminal to be positioned is as follows:
(4-1) converting the RSRP information into path loss, sequencing according to the path loss value, and selecting three cells with the minimum path loss for calculation;
(4-2) calculating the distances between the terminal to be positioned and the three cells according to the transmission model;
and (4-3) taking the distance as a radius and the cell as a circle center, and calculating the intersection point as the coordinate of the terminal to be positioned.
Further, in step (5), the process that the positioning system configures the terminal to be positioned to terminate the positioning related measurement is as follows:
(5-1) the positioning server sends a Measurement Termination Request message to an LTE small base station where a terminal to be positioned is located;
(5-2) after receiving the Measurement Termination Request message, the LTE small base station sends an RRC connection reconfiguration message to the terminal to be positioned, wherein the message comprises Measurement release information;
and (5-3) stopping measurement after the terminal to be positioned receives the measurement release information.
Adopt the beneficial effect that above-mentioned technical scheme brought:
the invention utilizes the physical measurement value reported by the terminal to be positioned to perform positioning calculation through the LTE system so as to realize the positioning of the terminal to be positioned, and in the whole positioning process, a user is in an unaware state on the positioning action of the positioning system; the method has the advantages of low cost, simple deployment, easy disassembly and migration and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of indoor positioning based on an LTE small base station according to this embodiment;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of online/offline registration of a terminal according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a terminal wake-up provided by the present embodiment;
fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a terminal measurement start-up provided in this embodiment;
fig. 5 is a flow of terminating terminal measurement according to this embodiment.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail in the following with the accompanying drawings.
The invention designs an indoor positioning system based on LTE small base stations, which comprises a plurality of LTE small base stations, a positioning server and an exchanger. The LTE small base stations are uniformly distributed in the positioning area, so that the full coverage of the positioning area is realized; and the service cell in which the terminal to be positioned is located sends a specific RRC message to the terminal to be positioned under the control of the positioning server, and sends the identity information, the uplink and downlink information and the measurement information reported by the terminal to the positioning server.
In this embodiment, the positioning server includes a small base station management module, a user management module, a transmission model management module, and a position calculation module. The small base station management module is used for storing identity information, position information, working state and configuration information of each LTE small base station in the system; the user management module is used for storing the identity information and the state of all terminals to be positioned in the coverage area of the system and the RSRP (reference signal received power) measurement value of the terminal to the reference signals of surrounding cells, and initiating a terminal call-up flow, a measurement starting flow and a measurement termination flow according to the positioning requirement;
the transmission model management module is used for analyzing and calculating a transmission model conforming to the current wireless environment; during deployment, performing transmission model fitting through dotting; and the position calculation module is used for calculating the position of the terminal to be positioned according to the coordinates of the LTE small base station, the transmission model and the measurement information reported by the terminal.
As shown in fig. 1, after the system is powered on, an LTE small base station in the system establishes a cell, collects IMSI information of surrounding terminals (UE), and transmits the terminal information to a positioning server. In the process, the terminal to be positioned registers in the LTE small base station. When the positioning is started, if the terminal to be positioned is not on line, the positioning system starts a calling process. After the terminal is in an online state, the positioning system configures the terminal to measure the surrounding cells and extract the measured values of the surrounding cells. And after the positioning is finished, the positioning system configures the terminal to be positioned to terminate the positioning related measurement. And if the calling fails, judging that the terminal leaves the coverage area.
Fig. 2 shows the terminal online and offline registration process. After the terminal establishes RRC connection, the base station sends an Identity Request message to Request the terminal to report IMSI information of the terminal, the LTE small base station receives the returned Identity Response of the terminal, extracts the IMSI information and sends UE online Indication to the positioning server, and the positioning server receives the message and then records the terminal and changes the state of the terminal to be online. When the RRC connection is released, the LTE small base station sends a UE offline Indication to the positioning server after sending the RRC Release message, and the positioning server modifies the state of the terminal into an offline state after receiving the message.
Fig. 3 shows a terminal call-out flow. The positioning server sends an Arousal Request message to all LTE small base stations in the system, and starts a timer Tarousal. After receiving the paging message containing the IMSI information of the terminal, the LTE small base station broadcasts the paging message, the terminal establishes RRC connection in the current resident cell after receiving the paging message, the LTE small base station enters an online state, and the positioning server terminates the timer Tarosual. And if the timer Tarosual is over, the terminal is considered to be out of the coverage of the positioning system.
Fig. 4 shows a terminal measurement start-up procedure. The positioning server sends a Measurement Request message to an LTE small base station where the terminal is located, the LTE small base station sends an RRC connection reconfiguration message to the terminal after receiving the message, the message comprises Measurement control information, and a Measurement target comprises a serving cell frequency point and an adjacent cell frequency point. The reporting criterion selects an a5 event, that is, a measurement report is triggered when the serving cell signal quality R is lower than a threshold 1 and the neighbor cell signal quality is higher than a threshold 2, in a reporting format, the threshold 1 is configured to 97, the threshold 2 is configured to 0, the trigger metric is configured to RSRP, the report metric is configured to both, the reporting interval is configured to 120ms, the reporting number is configured to infinity, and the maximum reporting cell number is configured to 8. After receiving the measurement control, the terminal will measure the serving cell and the neighboring cell and report the measurement report. After receiving the Measurement report, the LTE small base station analyzes and processes the message, constructs a Measurement Result Indication message, and sends the RSRP information of the reference signals of the surrounding cells measured by the terminal to the positioning server.
Fig. 5 shows a terminal measurement termination flow. The positioning server sends a Measurement Termination Request message to the LTE small base station where the terminal is located, and the LTE small base station sends an RRC connection reconfiguration message to the terminal after receiving the message, wherein the message comprises Measurement release information. And the terminal stops measurement after receiving the measurement release.
The embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the technical idea of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modifications made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An indoor positioning system based on an LTE small base station is characterized by comprising:
the LTE small base stations are used for acquiring identity information and distance information of a terminal to be positioned;
the positioning server is used for collecting relevant information of the LTE small base station and information of the terminal to be positioned, which is acquired by the LTE small base station, so as to perform positioning calculation;
the switch is used for connecting the LTE small base station with the positioning server;
the LTE small base stations are uniformly distributed in the positioning area, so that the full coverage of the positioning area is realized; and the service cell in which the terminal to be positioned is positioned sends a specific RRC message to the terminal to be positioned under the control of the positioning server, and sends the identity information, the on-line and off-line information and the measurement information reported by the terminal to the positioning server.
2. The LTE cell site indoor positioning system of claim 1, wherein the positioning server comprises:
the small base station management module is used for storing identity information, position information, working state and configuration information of each LTE small base station in the system;
the system comprises a user management module, a positioning module and a positioning module, wherein the user management module is used for storing identity information and states of all terminals to be positioned in a system coverage area and RSRP (reference signal received power) measurement values of terminals to reference signals of surrounding cells, and initiating a terminal call-up flow, a measurement starting flow and a measurement termination flow according to positioning requirements;
the transmission model management module is used for analyzing and calculating a transmission model conforming to the current wireless environment; during deployment, performing transmission model fitting through dotting;
and the position calculation module is used for calculating the position of the terminal to be positioned according to the coordinates of the LTE small base station, the transmission model and the measurement information reported by the terminal.
3. The LTE small cell indoor positioning system of claim 2, wherein the transmission model includes, but is not limited to, a log-distance loss model.
4. The LTE small base station indoor positioning system of claim 1, wherein the terminal to be positioned communicates with the LTE small base station through a UU interface in an LTE protocol, the LTE small base station communicates with the positioning server through a TCP connection, and the positioning server manages the LTE small base station and the terminal to be positioned through a signaling carried on a TCP packet.
5. An indoor positioning method based on the indoor positioning system of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) the positioning system is started, the LTE small base station establishes a service cell, collects IMSI information of surrounding terminals to be positioned and stores the IMSI information in the positioning server;
(2) if the positioning is started, the terminal to be positioned is not on line, and the positioning system starts a terminal call flow;
(3) when positioning is started, a positioning system configures a terminal to be positioned to measure surrounding cells and extracts measured values of the surrounding cells;
(4) calculating the position according to the measured value reported by the terminal to be positioned;
(5) and after the positioning is finished, the positioning system configures the terminal to be positioned to terminate the positioning related measurement.
6. The indoor positioning method of claim 5, wherein in step (1), the process of collecting the IMSI information of the surrounding terminals to be positioned is as follows:
(1-1) after an RRC connection is established between a terminal to be positioned and an LTE small base station, if the LTE small base station does not have IMSI information of the terminal, an Identity Request message is sent to the terminal, and the terminal is required to report the IMSI information;
(1-2) after receiving an Identity Response message returned by the terminal, the LTE small base station extracts IMSI information in the Identity Response message and sends a UE online Indication message to the positioning server, and the positioning server records the terminal and changes the state of the terminal to be online after receiving the message;
(1-3) when the terminal to be positioned finishes one-time RRC connection, the last message between the LTE small base station and the terminal to be positioned is an RRC Release message, the LTE small base station sends a UE offflex Indication message to the positioning server after sending the message, and the positioning server modifies the state of the terminal to be offline after receiving the message.
7. The indoor positioning method of claim 5, wherein in step (2), the positioning system initiates a terminal call-up procedure as follows:
(2-1) the positioning server sends an Arousal Request message to all LTE small base stations in the positioning system, and starts a timer Tarouual;
(2-2) broadcasting a paging message by the LTE small base station after receiving the Arousal Request message, wherein the paging message carries IMSI information of a terminal to be positioned;
(2-3) if the terminal to be positioned is in the coverage of the positioning system, after receiving the paging message, establishing RRC connection in the current resident cell, entering an online state, and terminating a timer Tarosual by the positioning server;
and (2-4) if the timer Tarosual is overtime, the terminal to be positioned is considered to be away from the coverage area of the positioning system.
8. The indoor positioning method of claim 5, wherein in step (3), the positioning system configures the terminal to be positioned to measure the surrounding cells and extract the measured values thereof as follows:
(3-1) the positioning server sends a Measurement Request message to an LTE small base station where a terminal to be positioned is located;
(3-2) after receiving the Measurement Request message, the LTE small base station sends an RRC connection reconfiguration message to a terminal to be positioned, wherein the message contains Measurement control information, and a Measurement target comprises a serving cell frequency point and an adjacent cell frequency point;
(3-3) after receiving the measurement control information, the terminal to be positioned measures the serving cell and the neighboring cell and reports a measurement report;
and (3-4) after receiving the Measurement report, the LTE small base station analyzes and processes the report, constructs a Measurement Result Indication message, and sends the RSRP information of the reference signals of the surrounding cells measured by the terminal to be positioned to the positioning server.
9. The indoor positioning method of claim 8, wherein in step (4), the process of calculating the position according to the measurement value reported by the terminal to be positioned is as follows:
(4-1) converting the RSRP information into path loss, sequencing according to the path loss value, and selecting three cells with the minimum path loss for calculation;
(4-2) calculating the distances between the terminal to be positioned and the three cells according to the transmission model;
and (4-3) taking the distance as a radius and the cell as a circle center, and calculating the intersection point as the coordinate of the terminal to be positioned.
10. The indoor positioning method of claim 1, wherein in step (5), the positioning system configures the terminal to be positioned to terminate the positioning related measurement as follows:
(5-1) the positioning server sends a Measurement Termination Request message to an LTE small base station where a terminal to be positioned is located;
(5-2) after receiving the Measurement Termination Request message, the LTE small base station sends an RRC connection reconfiguration message to the terminal to be positioned, wherein the message comprises Measurement release information;
and (5-3) stopping measurement after the terminal to be positioned receives the measurement release information.
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