CN112469046A - 5G base station site selection layout method - Google Patents
5G base station site selection layout method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112469046A CN112469046A CN202011157848.7A CN202011157848A CN112469046A CN 112469046 A CN112469046 A CN 112469046A CN 202011157848 A CN202011157848 A CN 202011157848A CN 112469046 A CN112469046 A CN 112469046A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
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- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a 5G base station site selection layout method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: A. and analyzing the influence factors and the setting standards of the 5G base station planning, and B and 5G base station planning layout. By the analysis method, influence factors, limiting factors and the like of the 5G base station in the analysis object area can be established, and the optimized layout is an important basis for planning important communication facilities. According to the situation of the 5G base station in the current situation of the planning area, the method carries out partition and scene-division positioning analysis on the planning area, considers the influences of various factors such as building height and density, urban space landscape requirements, user density and business volume and the like, and finally forms a layout and site selection scheme of the 5G base station.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a site selection layout method for a 5G base station, which is suitable for municipal facility layout analysis in the field of municipal planning of different levels and belongs to the technical field of municipal planning and design.
Background
The novel 5G infrastructure system mainly comprises a communication office, a pipeline, a mobile communication base station and the like. The 5G mobile communication base station is used as a terminal of a mobile communication infrastructure to solve the coverage problem of radio signals and is a transition point from 'wired' to 'wireless'; it plays the role of starting and ending up and transferring connection between mobile terminal users such as mobile phones and the central computer system of network operators. The common 5G mobile communication base station outdoor station mainly comprises two forms of a macro base station and a micro base station, and the base station arrangement still mainly adopts a macro-micro cooperation mode at present and in a future period of time, namely the macro base station is responsible for wide area coverage, and the micro base station is responsible for supplementing blind spots and hot spots; indoor and tunnel coverage mainly adopts indoor antenna distribution system and leakage cable.
With the rise of 5G communication technology, especially the application of 5G in fields such as smart medical, automatic driving, industrial internet of things, ultra-high definition video, smart cities, etc., the demand for the construction of 5G mobile communication base stations is increasing, and the development is going to the direction of diversification, broadband, synthesis and intelligence. Meanwhile, the construction of the 5G base station also encounters certain difficulties, mainly because:
1) the current 5G mobile communication base station equipment has high requirements on installation space, load bearing and power supply
Under the current technology and application conditions, 5G base station devices cannot be completely miniaturized. At present, the weight of a 5G antenna exceeds 40 kilograms, the height is close to 1 meter, an operator can only complete 360-degree coverage of an area by 3 antennas, and a physical macro base station needs to simultaneously bear antenna equipment of more than two operators. In addition, the power consumption of the 5G base station equipment is high, and the original physical base station needs about 15 kilovolt-ampere of the commercial power capacity, which is increased to 35 kilovolt-ampere after the 5G equipment is added. The 5G base station has difficulty in site selection due to the problems of the required installation space, load bearing, power supply and other conditions of the equipment.
2) Contradiction between 5G newly-increased base station and original city space
The 5G adopts a high frequency band, and the electromagnetic wave has the remarkable characteristics that: the higher the frequency, the closer to straight line propagation, so that the 5G wave has poor diffraction ability and large attenuation during propagation. Compared with 2G, 3G and 4G, the coverage area of a single 5G base station is small, and the number of base stations needs to be increased to meet the coverage requirement of signals when the same area is covered. The newly added base stations inevitably have the phenomenon of space robbery with the city, namely conflict with the use function and the management authority of the original city space, and conflict with the rights obligation of users and managers. The base station construction standard and the industry approval process are not complete.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a 5G base station site selection layout method, which takes a city space structure, a function layout, user requirements and the like as the basis, strengthens space overall, carries out a guiding idea of efficiently and intensively utilizing space resources, and builds a novel 5G infrastructure planning system which is coordinately developed with a city.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: A5G base station site selection layout method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. analyzing 5G base station planning influence factors and setting standards:
1) analyzing the influence factors of the base station layout, wherein the main factors influencing the setting density of the base station are the building height and density, the urban space landscape requirement, the user density and the traffic;
2) establishing a base station setting standard, and providing a 5G base station partition setting standard and a scene setting standard;
B. 5G base station planning layout:
1) in the mesoscopic planning stage and the area with large planning volume, by analyzing the space of the current base station, superposing urban and rural space planning information, checking the density of the base station by taking an urban implementation unit as a boundary, matching supply and demand in a subarea, and providing a base station planning control target;
2) and in the area with smaller planning quantity and high coverage rate of the base station under the current situation, combining the current situation and planning terrain and landform, performing signal coverage simulation by using a communication simulation model based on a cellular network propagation model, performing base station supplement and verification on the area with weak coverage, and providing a base station planning control target.
Further, in the substep 2) of the step a, the establishment of the 5G base station partition setting standard is to divide the urban and rural space into four types of central urban area, new city, rural central area and other areas according to the base station construction requirements and the difference of electromagnetic environment, and the inter-station distance of the central urban area is 240-300 meters; the distance between the stations in the new city is 300-350 meters; the station spacing in the center area of the villages and towns is 400-500 meters; the inter-station distance of other areas is 1000-1200 meters.
Further, the setting standard of the scenes in the substep 2) of the step a is divided into a 5G high application area, an important venue and activity area, an important traffic linear project, and a large park and ecological space, wherein the inter-station distance of the 5G high application area is 240 meters, the inter-station distance of the important venue and activity area is 240 + 300 meters, the inter-station distance of the large park and ecological space is 400 + 500 meters, and the inter-station distance of the important traffic linear project is set according to the following standard: for the express way/high speed, the station spacing in the central urban area is 350-inch sand 300-inch sand 400-inch sand in the new city, the station spacing in the rural area is 500-inch sand 400-inch sand in the township, and the station spacing in other areas is 800-inch sand 600-inch sand in the other areas; for the main road and the secondary road, the inter-station distance of the central urban area is 300-.
According to the situation of the 5G base station in the current situation of the planning area, the method carries out partition and scene-division positioning analysis on the planning area, considers the influences of various factors such as building height and density, urban space landscape requirements, user density and business volume and the like, and finally forms a layout and site selection scheme of the 5G base station. By the site selection layout method, influence factors, limiting factors and the like of the 5G base station in the analysis object area can be established, and layout optimization is an important basis for planning important communication facilities.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a layout diagram of a 5G base station.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A5G base station site selection layout method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1. analyzing 5G base station planning influence factors and setting standards
(1) Base station layout influencing factors:
from the analysis of the urban planning perspective, the main factors influencing the setting density of the base station are three factors of building height and density, urban space landscape requirements, user density, traffic and the like. In areas with high building height and high building density, the shielding is relatively serious, which can cause the transmission quality of wireless communication signals to be reduced, the coverage area of a single base station is reduced, and the number of required base stations is increased; in areas with high landscape environment requirements, the height of a base station and the size of equipment are limited, so that the coverage area of a single base station is reduced, and the number of required base stations is increased; in addition, in the areas with intensive personnel activities, the user density is high, the traffic is large, and the number of base stations needs to be increased so as to meet the use requirements of users and ensure the communication service quality.
(2) The base station sets the standard: from the perspective of urban and rural space function division and 5G application requirements, base station layout influence factors are considered, relevant research data are referred, and 5G base station partition setting standards and sub-scene setting standards are provided.
1) Partition setting standard: the main research object is an outdoor macro base station. According to the construction requirements of the base stations and the difference of electromagnetic environments, urban and rural spaces are divided into four types of central urban areas, new cities, rural central areas and other areas, and the setting standards of the partitioned base stations are shown in the following table.
Table 1 base station set up criteria for sectorization
2) Sub-scene setting criteria
5G high application area: base station planning is carried out by combining application requirements, business applications such as industrial internet of things, high-definition videos, security monitoring, intelligent medical treatment, intelligent families and intelligent cities are met, the distance between the 5G base stations is set according to 240 meters, the co-location construction of the existing base stations is fully utilized, and the base station address of the newly-built base station is preferentially combined with the space setting of the top layer of a public building. The base station cabinet is preferentially combined with building space facilities, and when no supportable building exists, the base station cabinet is required to be miniaturized and beautifully arranged.
Important venues and activity areas: important places and activity areas refer to regular personnel activities and have the characteristics of high user density and high business requirements, such as stadiums, large theaters, important stations, large airport terminal buildings and the like, and the areas need to meet 5G applications such as media and entertainment. The station spacing of the 5G base station is set according to 240-300 meters, public facility resources around important venues and activity areas are fully utilized, the building is preferentially combined with buildings or the existing social tower (pole) resources are utilized for construction, and the construction of independent ground poles and towers is avoided as much as possible. The base station cabinet preferentially utilizes the existing building space of a venue and an activity area, and when no supportable building exists, the base station cabinet is miniaturized and beautifully arranged.
Important traffic linearity engineering: important traffic linearity includes important highways, railways, urban rail traffic lines, etc., and these areas are required to meet the use requirements of people and 5G applications such as unmanned driving. The base station site setting criteria are shown in table 2. In an urban construction area, 5G station sites fully utilize urban public facility resources, and are combined with buildings, lamp posts and the like to be constructed preferentially; in the non-construction area, a plurality of flexible modes are adopted for base station construction, such as combination of a light pole and a road sign, or construction of a ground tower (pole) and the like. The base station cabinet preferentially utilizes the spaces of stations, wharfs, existing buildings and the like in an urban construction area; the base station cabinet in the non-construction area is miniaturized and beautifully arranged.
TABLE 2 important traffic linear engineering base station setting standard (unit: meter)
Large-scale park, ecological space: the areas need to meet the use requirements of personnel and 5G applications such as high-definition security monitoring, intelligent garden tour, high-definition video and automatic driving. The number of buildings which can be relied on in the areas is small, and base station construction needs to be carried out in various flexible modes, such as light poles, road indication boards or bionic ground falling towers (poles). Due to high landscape requirements, base station construction focuses on landscape coordination and wind morphology fusion, and impact on environment and historical atmosphere is avoided. The distance between the 5G base stations is set according to 400-500 meters. The base station cabinet is preferably the building space in the green space of the park, and when no supportable building exists, the base station cabinet is required to be miniaturized and beautifully arranged.
2. 5G base station planning layout
1) In the mesoscopic planning stage and in the areas with large planning volume, the urban and rural space planning information can be superposed through the space analysis of the current base stations, the density check of the base stations is carried out by taking the urban implementation units as boundaries, and the supply and demand matching is carried out in the subareas, so that the base station planning control target is provided.
2) In the area with smaller planning size and high coverage rate of the base station under the current situation, the current situation and the planning terrain and landform can be combined, a communication simulation model based on a cellular network propagation model is used for signal coverage simulation, base station supplement and verification are carried out on the area with weak coverage, and a base station planning control target is provided.
Taking a central urban area of a city as an example, most of the central urban area is an urban built-up area, the total quantity is large, base stations are arranged according to the standard of the station spacing of 240 meters and the station address density of 14-20 seats per square kilometer, appropriate standards such as a business center area (CBD), a financial street and other dense building areas are selected for different scenes in the area, the base stations are arranged according to the standard of the station spacing of 240 meters and the station address density of 20 seats per square kilometer, the base station density is checked by taking a block as a planning implementation unit by combining with the current base station space analysis, supply and demand matching is carried out by partitioning, and a target of newly-added 5G base stations is proposed for planning the central urban area. In addition, the situation that the repeated coverage and the distribution of the current base stations are unreasonable is analyzed, the optimization work of the current base stations needs to be synchronously carried out, and a 5G base station layout plan is shown in fig. 1.
The construction of the 5G base station is a system project, and needs scientific planning and well designed implementation path. The main purpose of 5G base station planning is to solve the space coverage of base station signals and guarantee the accessibility of network signals. And determining a base station setting standard according to the 5G application scene of the area, and establishing a spatial layout system of the base station. On the basis, the planning construction target of the base station is decomposed downwards layer by relying on the urban planning implementation unit, and the urban development construction is bound to be implemented synchronously. According to the method, the planning area is partitioned and positioned in a scene, the influence of various factors is considered, and finally, the site selection position of the 5G base station is intuitive and vivid, so that the site selection method of the 5G base station provides effective support for a management department to construction point positions of the 5G base station in the city.
Claims (3)
1. A5G base station site selection layout method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. analyzing 5G base station planning influence factors and setting standards:
1) analyzing the influence factors of the base station layout, wherein the main factors influencing the setting density of the base station are the building height and density, the urban space landscape requirement, the user density and the traffic;
2) establishing a base station setting standard, and providing a 5G base station partition setting standard and a scene setting standard;
B. 5G base station planning layout:
1) in the mesoscopic planning stage and the area with large planning volume, by analyzing the space of the current base station, superposing urban and rural space planning information, checking the density of the base station by taking an urban implementation unit as a boundary, matching supply and demand in a subarea, and providing a base station planning control target;
2) and in the area with smaller planning quantity and high coverage rate of the base station under the current situation, combining the current situation and planning terrain and landform, performing signal coverage simulation by using a communication simulation model based on a cellular network propagation model, performing base station supplement and verification on the area with weak coverage, and providing a base station planning control target.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the substep 2) of step a, the establishment of the 5G base station partition setting criteria is to divide urban and rural space into four categories, namely a central urban area, a new city, a rural central area and other areas according to the base station construction requirements and the difference of electromagnetic environment, and the inter-site distance of the central urban area is 240-300 meters; the distance between the stations in the new city is 300-350 meters; the station spacing in the center area of the villages and towns is 400-500 meters; the inter-station distance of other areas is 1000-1200 meters.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the site selection layout method for 5G base station in the sub-step 2) of the step a is characterized in that the site setting standards are divided into 5G high application area, important venue and activity area, important traffic linear engineering, and large park and ecological space, wherein the inter-site distance of the 5G high application area is 240 meters, the inter-site distance of the important venue and activity area is 240 + 300 meters, the inter-site distance of the large park and ecological space is 400 + 500 meters, and the inter-site distance of the important traffic linear engineering is set according to the following standards: for the express way/high speed, the station spacing in the central urban area is 350-inch sand 300-inch sand 400-inch sand in the new city, the station spacing in the rural area is 500-inch sand 400-inch sand in the township, and the station spacing in other areas is 800-inch sand 600-inch sand in the other areas; for the main road and the secondary road, the inter-station distance of the central urban area is 300-.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113873639A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2021-12-31 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | 5G base station position determining method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
| CN115190490A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2022-10-14 | 武汉市奥拓智能科技有限公司 | Intelligent switching method, device and system for intelligent lamp pole 5G base station |
| CN115314909A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2022-11-08 | 南通翁海电气有限公司 | Big data-based residential community mobile network base station planning method and system |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115190490A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2022-10-14 | 武汉市奥拓智能科技有限公司 | Intelligent switching method, device and system for intelligent lamp pole 5G base station |
| CN113873639A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2021-12-31 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | 5G base station position determining method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
| CN113873639B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2024-04-05 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | 5G base station position determining method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
| CN115314909A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2022-11-08 | 南通翁海电气有限公司 | Big data-based residential community mobile network base station planning method and system |
| CN115314909B (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2022-12-16 | 南通翁海电气有限公司 | Big data-based residential community mobile network base station planning method and system |
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