CN112467840A - System and method capable of realizing voltage equalization of multiple lithium battery packs - Google Patents
System and method capable of realizing voltage equalization of multiple lithium battery packs Download PDFInfo
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- CN112467840A CN112467840A CN202011340292.5A CN202011340292A CN112467840A CN 112467840 A CN112467840 A CN 112467840A CN 202011340292 A CN202011340292 A CN 202011340292A CN 112467840 A CN112467840 A CN 112467840A
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 101100464779 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) CNA1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 101100464782 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) CMP2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种可实现多节锂电池组电压均衡的系统与方法，该系统将每一个单体电池和其对应的电阻电压值进行比较，以多节锂电池组的整体电压的分压值作为参考电压，通过节点电压比较的方式来决定是否对芯片进行均衡，而并不需要对单体电池电压进行采样，降低了设计复杂度、节省了功耗以及占芯片较小的面积，该系统适用于任意数量串联单体电池的系统，适用性广，结构简单。
The invention discloses a system and method for realizing voltage balance of multi-cell lithium battery pack. The value is used as the reference voltage, and the node voltage comparison is used to determine whether to equalize the chip, without the need to sample the voltage of the single cell, which reduces the design complexity, saves power consumption and occupies a small area of the chip. The system is suitable for any number of single cells connected in series, with wide applicability and simple structure.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention belongs to the field of CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) process integrated circuits, and particularly relates to a system and a method capable of realizing voltage equalization of a multi-section lithium battery pack.
[ background of the invention ]
At present, the cascade connection of multiple lithium batteries is more and more widely applied, and for the charging protection of multiple lithium battery packs, whether the voltage of each battery exceeds a preset voltage is judged, and if the voltage of one battery exceeds the preset voltage, the charging of the multiple lithium battery packs is stopped. According to the charging method, after the lithium battery is charged for many times, the voltage of one or more single batteries in the multiple lithium battery packs is lower and lower, so that the service life of the multiple lithium battery packs is influenced, and how to more effectively prolong the service life of the multiple lithium battery packs is continuously researched and improved.
As shown in fig. 1, a conventional multi-lithium battery pack balancing scheme is adopted, wherein n lithium ion battery packs (where n represents the number of single batteries in the battery pack) are composed of single batteries CELL1-CELLn, a detection circuit obtains the voltage of each single battery through sampling resistors Rn respectively connected to the anode of each single battery, one or more single batteries exceeding a preset voltage difference value are obtained by comparing the voltage difference of each single battery, a balancing control circuit unit is controlled through a logic control unit, and then a switching tube Sn connected between each single battery is controlled to discharge the single battery, so that the voltage of the single battery is reduced, and the voltage difference of each single battery in the multi-lithium battery pack is ensured to be within a reasonable range. The design idea needs to sample the voltage of each single battery for comparison, the circuit structure is complex, and more chip resources are occupied.
Therefore, how to design a multi-battery pack voltage equalization scheme with simple structure and less chip resource consumption is always a difficult point.
[ summary of the invention ]
The present invention is directed to overcome the above disadvantages of the prior art, and provides a system and a method for balancing voltages of a plurality of lithium ion battery packs, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that the charging protection circuit of a plurality of lithium ion battery packs has a complicated structure, occupies a lot of chip resources, and affects the service life of the plurality of lithium ion battery packs.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a system capable of realizing voltage equalization of a plurality of lithium battery packs comprises n single batteries connected in series and n resistors connected in series, wherein the n single batteries are connected with the n resistors in parallel, and one single battery corresponds to one resistor; the n single batteries are connected with n-1 groups of switches in parallel, and one group of switches comprises a first switch and a second switch which are connected in series;
the negative electrode of each single battery is connected to a group of switches, and the connection position is between the first switch and the second switch; the negative electrode of the first single battery, the second end of the first resistor and the second ends of all the second switches are grounded; the positive electrode of the nth battery, the first end of the nth resistor and the first ends of all the first switches are communicated;
the negative electrode of each single battery and the second end of the corresponding resistor are connected to the detection circuit, the detection circuit is connected to the logic circuit, the logic circuit is connected to the balance control circuit, and the balance control circuit controls the on-off of each switch.
The invention is further improved in that:
preferably, the positive electrode of the ith single cell and the negative electrode of the (i + 1) th single cell are connected in series at the point ci; the ci point is connected to the (i + 1) th group of switches, and in the detection circuit, i is less than n.
Preferably, the first end and the second end of the ith resistor are both connected to the detection circuit; the first end of the nth resistor is connected with all the switches, and the second end of the nth resistor is connected with the detection circuit; the second end of the 1 st resistor is grounded, the first end is connected to the detection circuit, and i is less than n.
Preferably, the detection circuit is three hysteresis comparators connected in parallel.
Preferably, the switch comprises a P-type MOS transistor and an N-type MOS transistor.
Preferably, the equalization control circuit includes a level shift circuit and a drive circuit.
Preferably, the level shift circuit is connected with a P-type MOS transistor, and the driving circuit is connected with an N-type MOS transistor.
A detection circuit judges whether the single batteries need to be charged or not by comparing the voltage values of the single batteries and corresponding resistors of the single batteries, if the single batteries need to be charged, a logic circuit sends a signal to an equalization control circuit, an equalization controller is communicated with switches corresponding to the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes of the single batteries to be charged, switches corresponding to the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes of other charged single batteries are cut off, and charging is started.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a system capable of realizing voltage equalization of a plurality of lithium battery packs, which compares each single battery with a corresponding resistance voltage value, namely, the divided voltage value of the whole voltage of the plurality of lithium battery packs is used as a reference voltage, whether the battery needs to be equalized or not is determined by a node voltage comparison mode, and whether the battery needs to be equalized or not is judged without sampling the voltage of the single battery, so that the design complexity is reduced, the power consumption is saved, and the area of a chip is smaller.
The invention also discloses a method for realizing the voltage equalization of the multi-section lithium battery pack, which takes the partial pressure value of the overall voltage of the multi-section lithium battery pack as the reference node voltage, obtains lower node voltage by comparing with the node voltage in the multi-section lithium battery pack, controls the single battery to correspond to the switch tube to charge and discharge the node, and isolates other single batteries.
[ description of the drawings ]
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a conventional voltage equalization system for a multi-lithium battery pack;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a voltage equalization system for multiple lithium battery packs in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a multi-lithium battery voltage equalization system to which the present invention is applied.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; furthermore, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and encompass, for example, both fixed and removable connections; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The invention discloses a system and a method for realizing voltage equalization of a multi-section lithium battery pack, as shown in figure 2, a multi-section lithium battery pack voltage equalization scheme,
the device comprises n single batteries connected in series and n resistors connected in series, wherein the n single batteries are connected with the n resistors in parallel, and one single battery corresponds to one resistor; the n single batteries are connected with n groups of switches in parallel, and one group of switches comprises a first switch and a second switch which are connected in series; the negative electrode of each single battery is connected to a group of switches, and the connection position is between the first switch and the second switch; the negative electrode of the first single battery, the second end of the first resistor and the second ends of all the second switches are grounded; the positive electrode of the nth battery, the first end of the nth resistor and the first ends of all the first switches are communicated; the negative electrode of each single battery and the second end of the corresponding resistor are connected to the detection circuit, the detection circuit is connected to the logic circuit, the logic circuit is connected to the balance control circuit, and the balance control circuit controls the on-off of each switch. The unit cell in the middle is the ith, i < n.
The device comprises four single batteries CELL1-CELL4, a switch S1, a switch S2, a switch S3, a switch S4, a switch S5, a switch S6, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a detection circuit, a logic circuit and an equalization controller.
A first end of a resistor R4, a first end of a switch S1, a first end of a switch S2, a first end of a switch S3 and a positive electrode of the CELL CELL4 are connected to the node c4, a second end of the resistor R4 and a first end of a resistor R3 are connected to the node a3, a second end of the switch S1, a first end of the switch S1, a negative electrode of the CELL CELL1, a positive electrode of the CELL CELL1 and a detection circuit are connected to the node c1, a second end of the switch S1, a first end of the switch S1, a negative electrode of the CELL CELL1, a positive electrode of the CELL1 and a detection circuit are connected to the node c1, a second end of the resistor R1, a first end of the resistor R1 and a detection circuit are connected to the node a1, the other first end of the resistor R1, the cathode of the CELL CELL1, the second end of the switch S4, the second end of the switch S5 and the second end of the switch S6 are connected to GND.
The basic idea of the invention is as follows: the resistances of the resistor R1, the resistor R2, the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 are equal, the difference values between the node a3 and the node c3, between the node a2 and the node c2, and between the node a1 and the node c1 are compared through the detection circuit respectively, and if the difference values exceed a certain preset value, the switches S1-S6 are conducted or closed through the logic circuit and the balance control circuit to charge the nodes c1, c2 or c 3. For example, when it is detected that the voltage of the node C3 is greater than the voltage of the node a3 by a certain preset threshold, the equalization controller controls the switch S1 to be turned on, the switch S5 to be turned on, and the switch S2, the switch S3, the switch S4 and the switch S6 to be closed, so as to ensure that the voltage value of the other nodes is not affected while the node C3 is charged.
Examples
Referring to fig. 3, a multi-lithium battery pack voltage equalization circuit includes four single batteries CELL1-CELL4, a P-type MOS transistor MP1, a P-type MOS transistor MP2, a P-type MOS transistor MP3, an N-type MOS transistor MN1, an N-type MOS transistor MN2, an N-type MOS transistor MN3, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a hysteresis comparator CMP1, a hysteresis comparator CMP2, a hysteresis comparator CMP3, a level shift circuit 1, a level shift circuit 2, a level shift circuit 3, a driving circuit 1, a driving circuit 2, a driving circuit 3, and a logic circuit.
A first end of a resistor R4, a source end of a P-type MOS tube MP1, a source end of a P-type MOS tube MP2, a source end of a P-type MOS tube MP3, and an anode of a CELL CELL3 are connected to a node c3, a second end of the resistor R3, a first end of the resistor R3 and a positive input end of a hysteresis comparator CMP3 are connected to the node a3, a drain end of the P-type MOS tube MP3, a drain end of the N-type MOS tube MN3, a cathode of the CELL CELL3, an anode of the CELL CELL3, a negative input end of the hysteresis comparator CMP3 are connected to the node c3, a drain end of the P-type MOS tube 3, a drain end of the N-type MOS tube MN3, a cathode of the CELL3, an anode of the CELL3, a cathode of the CELL3, a node c3 of the hysteresis comparator CMP3 are connected to the drain end of the P-type MOS tube MP3, a drain end of the N-type MOS tube MN3, a cathode of the CELL CELL3, a cathode of the CELL3, a node of the CELL3, a positive input end of the hysteresis comparator CMP3 and a node c3 of the negative input end of the negative, the second end of the resistor R2, the first end of the resistor R1 and the positive input end of the hysteresis comparator CMP1 are connected to the node a1, and the other end of the resistor R1, the cathode of the CELL CELL1, the source end of the N-type MOS transistor MN1, the source end of the N-type MOS transistor MN2 and the source end of the N-type MOS transistor MN3 are connected to GND. The logic circuit module receives and logically processes the output end circuits of the hysteresis comparator CMP1, the hysteresis comparator CMP2 and the hysteresis comparator CMP3, and controls the gate end of the P-type MOS tube MP1, the gate end of the P-type MOS tube MP2, the gate end of the P-type MOS tube MP3 and the gate end of the N-type MOS tube MN1, the gate end of the N-type MOS tube MN2 and the gate end of the N-type MOS tube MN3 through the level shift circuit.
The basic idea of the invention is as follows: the resistances of the resistor R1, the resistor R2, the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 are equal, voltage difference values between the node a3 and the node c3, between the node a2 and the node c2, between the node a1 and between the node c1 are compared through the hysteresis comparator CMP1, the hysteresis comparator CMP2 and the hysteresis comparator CMP3 respectively, if the difference values exceed a certain preset value, a proper potential is added to the gate end of the P-type MOS tube MP1, the gate end of the P-type MOS tube MP2, the gate end of the P-type MOS tube MP3 and the gate end of the N-type MOS tube MN1, the gate end of the N-type MOS tube MN2 and the gate end of the N-type MOS tube MN3 through the logic circuit control level shift circuit, so that the P-type MOS tube MP1, the P-type MOS tube MP2, the P-type MOS tube MP3, the N-type MOS tube MN1, the N-type MOS tube MN2 and the N-type MOS tube MN3 are conducted or closed.
For example, when the hysteresis comparator CMP3 determines that the voltage at the node C3 is greater than the voltage at the node a3 by a predetermined threshold, and the voltage differences between the nodes C2 and a2 and between the nodes C1 and a1 are within an allowable range, the level shifter circuit 1 controls the P-type MOS transistor MP1 to be turned on, and the driving circuit 2 controls the N-type MOS transistor MN2 to be turned on and the P-type MOS transistor MP2, the P-type MOS transistor MP3, the N-type MOS transistor MN1, and the N-type MOS transistor MN3 to be closed, so as to ensure that the voltage value of other nodes is not affected while the node C3 is charged. By analogy, all the equalizing switch tubes are turned off only when the potentials of the node c1, the node c2 and the node c3 and the potentials of the node a3, the node a2 and the node a1 after the node c4 is subjected to resistance voltage division are within a certain allowable error range.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A system capable of realizing voltage equalization of a plurality of lithium battery packs is characterized by comprising n single batteries connected in series and n resistors connected in series, wherein the n single batteries are connected with the n resistors in parallel, and one single battery corresponds to one resistor; the n single batteries are connected with n-1 groups of switches in parallel, and one group of switches comprises a first switch and a second switch which are connected in series;
the negative electrode of each single battery is connected to a group of switches, and the connection position is between the first switch and the second switch; the negative electrode of the first single battery, the second end of the first resistor and the second ends of all the second switches are grounded; the positive electrode of the nth battery, the first end of the nth resistor and the first ends of all the first switches are communicated;
the negative electrode of each single battery and the second end of the corresponding resistor are connected to the detection circuit, the detection circuit is connected to the logic circuit, the logic circuit is connected to the balance control circuit, and the balance control circuit controls the on-off of each switch.
2. The system for realizing voltage equalization of a plurality of lithium battery packs according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode of the ith single battery and the negative electrode of the (i + 1) th single battery are connected in series at the ci point; the ci point is connected to the (i + 1) th group of switches, and in the detection circuit, i is less than n.
3. The system for equalizing the voltages of a plurality of lithium battery packs according to claim 1, wherein a first terminal and a second terminal of the ith resistor are connected to the detection circuit; the first end of the nth resistor is connected with all the switches, and the second end of the nth resistor is connected with the detection circuit; the second end of the 1 st resistor is grounded, the first end is connected to the detection circuit, and i is less than n.
4. The system for equalizing the voltages of a plurality of lithium battery packs according to claim 1, wherein the detection circuit comprises three hysteresis comparators connected in parallel.
5. The system for equalizing the voltage of a plurality of lithium battery packs according to claim 1, wherein the switch comprises a P-type MOS transistor and an N-type MOS transistor.
6. The system for equalizing the voltages of multiple lithium battery packs according to claim 5, wherein the equalization control circuit comprises a level shift circuit and a driving circuit.
7. The system for voltage equalization of a lithium battery pack having multiple lithium batteries according to claim 6, wherein the level shifter is connected to the P-type MOS transistor, and the driver circuit is connected to the N-type MOS transistor.
8. The method for realizing the voltage equalization of the multiple lithium battery packs based on the system of claim 1 is characterized in that the detection circuit judges whether the single batteries need to be charged or not by comparing the voltage values of the single batteries and the corresponding resistors of the single batteries, if the single batteries need to be charged, the logic circuit sends a signal to the equalization control circuit, the equalization controller is communicated with switches corresponding to the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes of the single batteries to be charged, the switches corresponding to the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes of other charged single batteries are cut off, and charging is started.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011340292.5A CN112467840B (en) | 2020-11-25 | 2020-11-25 | System and method capable of realizing voltage balance of multiple lithium battery packs |
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| CN202011340292.5A CN112467840B (en) | 2020-11-25 | 2020-11-25 | System and method capable of realizing voltage balance of multiple lithium battery packs |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114336853A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-12 | 西安华泰半导体科技有限公司 | Equalizing circuit structure for multi-lithium battery pack time-sharing multiplexing sampling circuit |
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| US5602481A (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 1997-02-11 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Series connection circuit for secondary battery |
| US20080116850A1 (en) * | 2006-11-21 | 2008-05-22 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Bridge battery voltage equalizer |
| KR20140105948A (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2014-09-03 | 킴스테크날리지 주식회사 | Voltage Equalization Circuit |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114336853A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-12 | 西安华泰半导体科技有限公司 | Equalizing circuit structure for multi-lithium battery pack time-sharing multiplexing sampling circuit |
| CN114336853B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-11-28 | 西安华泰半导体科技有限公司 | Equalization circuit structure for multiplexing sampling circuit during multi-lithium battery component |
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| CN112467840B (en) | 2024-11-01 |
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