CN112467385A - Base station antenna common aperture plane REV amplitude phase correction method - Google Patents
Base station antenna common aperture plane REV amplitude phase correction method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/28—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the amplitude
Abstract
The invention provides a base station antenna common aperture face REV amplitude phase correction method, which is characterized in that a correction reflector plate is arranged at an antenna aperture face to improve the coupling relation of antennas, the correction reflector plate works in a wave-transmitting mode during normal work, the correction reflector plate works in a semi-transmitting mode during correction, the coupling relation between a correction antenna and a base station antenna radiation unit is changed, and the coverage range of the correction antenna is enlarged; the correction antenna and the base station antenna are integrated in the same interface, the use requirement of the base station antenna on-line amplitude and phase correction is met, and meanwhile, a correction REV method for eliminating the multi-value problem of the REV method is adopted in a correction algorithm, so that the base station antenna on-line amplitude and phase correction is realized; the array scale of the base station antenna is partitioned, the sub-arrays are mutually nested, each sub-array is provided with an independent correction channel, amplitude and phase correction is carried out by adopting an REV method, the sub-arrays are associated through correction data of the overlapping units, finally correction data of a full array are obtained, and the problem of online amplitude and phase correction of the large-scale base station antenna is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antenna correction, and particularly relates to a base station antenna common aperture plane REV amplitude phase correction method.
Background
The performance requirements of the active array antenna such as pointing accuracy, sidelobe level and the like require accurate control of the phase and amplitude of each unit channel, but due to factors such as processing technology, antenna installation error, component aging and the like, each unit channel can generate amplitude and phase errors, and the amplitude and phase errors can seriously affect the performance of the unit channel, so that the amplitude and phase errors must be monitored and corrected by adopting a corresponding method, and the antenna performance reaches the optimal state.
The active array antenna amplitude and phase correction method includes a plane near field correction method, a mutual coupling-based correction method, a midfield measurement method, a rotation vector method correction method and the like. The planar near-field correction and the midfield measurement methods are both completed by special test sites and test equipment, and the mutual coupling-based correction method needs to separately design a set of complex correction network and measure the amplitude and phase information of signals, so the three methods are not suitable for the online amplitude and phase correction of the base station antenna. The rotation vector method does not need phase measurement, does not need to add extra hardware equipment, and can be completed only by matching with a base band processing part of the base station antenna, so that the rotation vector method is the most economic and effective base station antenna online amplitude and phase correction method.
The rotation vector method generally requires that the base station antenna and the correction antenna meet far field conditions required by antenna measurement, so that the distance between the correction antenna and the base station antenna is far, and the base station antenna is required to be installed and integrated in the same interface with the base station antenna; meanwhile, two groups of correction data can be obtained by adopting a rotation vector method for correction, and a method for selecting correct data from the two groups of correction data is needed, namely a multi-value elimination method of the rotation vector method. Therefore, it is necessary to design a system for correcting the common-aperture amplitude and phase of the base station antenna based on the REV method in view of the above two problems.
For a calibration system of a base station antenna, a calibration channel and the base station antenna are generally integrated in the same interface, and calibration is realized by coupling of signals between the calibration antenna and the base station antenna. For a large-scale base station antenna, when the distance between a unit antenna in the base station antenna and a correction antenna is long, because the coupling of signals is too small, the correction signal is weak, and the correction error is large, one pair of correction antennas cannot cover all units of the base station antenna for correction, and therefore an amplitude-phase correction system based on an REV method for the large-scale base station antenna needs to be designed; when the REV method is adopted for correction, the time consumption of data acquisition is long, and the normal work of the base station antenna cannot be interrupted when the correction is carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a REV amplitude-phase correction method for a common plane of a base station antenna, which can increase the coverage area of a correction antenna and eliminate the correction multi-value problem.
A base station antenna common aperture plane REV amplitude phase correction method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that a correction reflecting plate is arranged in front of a base station antenna array, and the correction reflecting plate has two working states, namely a full wave-transparent state and a semi-transparent wave state; when the base station antenna normally works, the correction reflecting plate works in a full transmission wave state; when the base station antenna is corrected in the line amplitude phase, the correction reflector works in a semi-permeable wave state and is used for reflecting a correction signal;
selecting a plurality of antenna array elements from antenna array elements of a base station antenna as correction antennas;
and performing amplitude-phase correction on the base station antenna by using the correction antenna and adopting an REV amplitude-phase correction method.
Preferably, in the normal working cycle of the base station antenna, a correction time slot is added, correction data acquisition is performed in the correction time slot, the acquisition of correction data is performed when the next correction time slot comes, the process is repeated until all correction data acquisition is completed, and then the correction data acquisition time slot is cancelled.
Preferably, a certain disturbance amount is set for the phase of each channel to obtain the amplitude and phase of each channel corrected by the REV for the first time; performing secondary correction by adopting REV to obtain the amplitude and phase of each channel for the second time; let A1, A2 respectively represent two amplitude values obtained in the first correction of any antenna element a, A1 ', A2' respectively represent two amplitude values obtained in the second correction of the antenna element; b1 and B2 respectively represent two amplitude values obtained by the first correction of any antenna element B, and B1 'and B2' respectively represent two amplitude values obtained by the second correction of the antenna element; calculating the difference A1 between A1 and A1 'and the difference A2 between A2 and A2'; the difference between B1 and B1 'is delta B1 and the difference between B2 and B2' is delta B2; judging the relationship between delta A1 and delta B1 and between delta A2 and delta B2; if Δ a1 and Δ B1 are equal, it indicates that the first of two amplitude values obtained in each correction is true, the phase true value is the first, and the true values of other antenna elements are the first; if Δ A2 and Δ B2 are equal, it indicates that the second of the two amplitude values obtained in each calibration is a true value, the phase true value is the second, and the true values for the other antenna elements are the second.
Preferably, the base station antenna is divided into a plurality of partitions nested with each other; selecting an antenna array element as a correction antenna at the central position in each subarea to form an independent correction channel, and performing amplitude-phase correction on each subarea by adopting an REV (remote vision) method to obtain amplitude and phase correction data of each antenna array element relative to the subarea where the antenna array element is located; and then, according to the position relation among the partitions, associating the correction data of the overlapping units among the partitions, and finally obtaining the correction data of each antenna element relative to one correction antenna, thereby obtaining the correction data of the full array.
Preferably, the size of each partition is m × n, m is less than or equal to 10, and n is less than or equal to 10.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a base station antenna common aperture face REV amplitude phase correction method, which is characterized in that a correction reflector plate is arranged at an antenna aperture face to improve the coupling relation of antennas, the correction reflector plate works in a wave-transmitting mode during normal work, the correction reflector plate works in a semi-transmitting mode during correction, the coupling relation between a correction antenna and a base station antenna radiation unit is changed, and the coverage range of the correction antenna is enlarged; the correction antenna and the base station antenna are integrated in the same interface, the use requirement of the base station antenna on-line amplitude and phase correction is met, and meanwhile, a correction REV method for eliminating the multi-value problem of the REV method is adopted in a correction algorithm, so that the base station antenna on-line amplitude and phase correction is realized; the array scale of the base station antenna is partitioned, the sub-arrays are mutually nested, each sub-array is provided with an independent correction channel, amplitude and phase correction is carried out by adopting an REV method, the sub-arrays are associated through correction data of an overlapping unit, and finally correction data of a full array are obtained, so that the problem of online amplitude and phase correction of the large-scale base station antenna is solved; aiming at the problems that the normal work of the base station antenna is influenced because the time consumption for acquiring the amplitude-phase correction data is long based on the REV method, the base station antenna discrete time slot correction based on the REV method is adopted, and the problem of online amplitude-phase correction of the base station antenna in the normal working state is solved by adding the correction data acquisition time slot in the working period of the base station antenna.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a base station antenna common plane REV amplitude-phase correction system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of large scale base station antenna subarray sectorization
Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating the calibration slot division.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to solve the problem of online amplitude and phase correction of the base station antenna, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
for a large-scale base station antenna, as shown in fig. 1, a calibration reflector is disposed in front of the base station antenna array, and the calibration reflector has two working states, i.e., a full wave-transparent state and a half wave-transparent state. When the base station antenna works normally, the correction reflecting plate works in a full wave-transparent state, and the normal work of the base station antenna is not influenced; when the base station antenna is subjected to amplitude and phase correction, the correction reflector works in a semi-transparent wave state, part of correction signals are reflected by the correction reflector to reach the radiation unit far away from the correction antenna, the coupling degree between the correction reflector and the correction antenna is improved, the coverage range of the correction antenna is expanded, and the large-scale base station antenna is subjected to online amplitude and phase correction.
Selecting a plurality of antenna array elements from the antenna array elements of the base station antenna as correction antennas, so that the correction antennas, the correction channels and the base station antenna are integrated in the same antenna interface, and the transmission of correction signals between the correction channels and the base station antenna is realized through the coupling between the correction antennas and the base station antenna to form an online correction system of the base station antenna; the correction method adopts an REV method, simultaneously provides a REV correction method aiming at the multi-value problem of the REV method, solves the multi-value problem of the REV method, and has the following concrete realization method:
taking twice correction as an example without loss of generality; setting a certain disturbance quantity for the phase of each channel to obtain the amplitude and the phase of each channel corrected for the first time; performing secondary correction by adopting REV to obtain the amplitude and phase of each channel for the second time; the amplitude and the phase are corrected to two values each time, but only one value is accurate, and the accurate value needs to be determined; the amplitudes of the two groups of channels are subtracted (expressed in dB), and since only the phase set in the two corrections is changed and the amplitude is not changed, the amplitude difference of the two corrected channels should be a constant, and if the amplitude difference of a certain channel is not a constant, the channel should select another group of solutions, so as to eliminate the multivalue of the REV method, specifically:
let A1, A2 respectively represent two amplitude values obtained in the first correction of any antenna element a, A1 ', A2' respectively represent two amplitude values obtained in the second correction of the antenna element; b1 and B2 respectively represent two amplitude values obtained by the first correction of any antenna element B, and B1 'and B2' respectively represent two amplitude values obtained by the second correction of the antenna element; calculating the difference A1 between A1 and A1 'and the difference A2 between A2 and A2'; the difference between B1 and B1 'is delta B1 and the difference between B2 and B2' is delta B2; judging the relationship between delta A1 and delta B1 and between delta A2 and delta B2; if Δ a1 and Δ B1 are equal, it indicates that the first of two amplitude values obtained in each correction is true, the phase true value is the first, and the true values of other antenna elements are the first; if Δ A2 and Δ B2 are equal, it indicates that the second of the two amplitude values obtained in each calibration is a true value, the phase true value is the second, and the true values for the other antenna elements are the second.
For a large-scale base station antenna, partitioning according to the array scale of the base station antenna, wherein the size of each partition is m multiplied by n (m is less than or equal to 10, and n is less than or equal to 10); nesting adjacent partitions, namely overlapping at least one row or one column of antenna array elements, selecting one antenna array element as a correction antenna at the central position in each partition to form an independent correction channel, and performing amplitude-phase correction on each partition by adopting an REV (regenerative electric shock) method to obtain amplitude and phase correction data of each antenna array element relative to the partition in which the antenna array element is positioned; and then, according to the position relation among the partitions, associating the correction data of the overlapping units among the partitions, and finally obtaining the correction data of each antenna element relative to one correction antenna, thereby obtaining the correction data of the full array.
In order to solve the problem of online amplitude and phase correction of the base station antenna in a working state, in a normal working period of the base station antenna, the time slot for acquiring amplitude and phase correction data is added, the correction data is acquired in the time slot, other time slots of the base station antenna perform other work, the correction data is acquired when the next correction time slot comes, the process is repeated until all the correction data are acquired, then the correction data acquisition time slot is cancelled, the amplitude and phase correction data of each channel of the base station antenna are obtained by adopting an REV method according to the acquired correction data, and then the compensation of the amplitude and phase data of the base station antenna is performed.
The invention relates to a base station antenna online amplitude-phase correction method based on an REV method, which comprises the following steps;
step 1, selecting one of array elements of a base station antenna as a correction antenna, and integrating the correction antenna, a correction channel and the base station antenna in the same interface;
step 2, when the base station antenna amplitude and phase correction is carried out, a correction data acquisition time slot is allocated;
step 3, according to the division of the base station antenna scale, the partitions need to be nested with each other, as shown in fig. 2, without loss of generality, taking 1 base station antenna with a scale of 9 × 9 as an example, the partitions are divided into four partitions a, b, c and d with a size of 5 × 5, and each partition 4 has an overlapped channel, namely, the channel indicated by the hatching in the figure is marked as channel No. 0; each partition is provided with an independent correction channel.
Step 4, when the correction data acquisition time slot arrives, setting the correction reflector plate to be in a semi-wave-transparent state, respectively acquiring the correction data of each subarea according to the settings of the subareas and judging whether the correction data acquisition is finished, and if the correction data acquisition is finished, turning to step 5; otherwise, the next correction data acquisition time slot is waited for.
Step 5, adopting an REV method to respectively carry out amplitude-phase correction on the four subareas, and respectively marking the obtained amplitude and phase correction data of the base station antenna channel of the subarea a as Am aAnd Pm a(ii) a The amplitude and phase correction data of the base station antenna channel of the partition b are respectively marked as Am bAnd Pm b(ii) a The amplitude and phase correction data of the base station antenna channel of the subarea c are respectively marked as Am cAnd Pm c(ii) a The amplitude and phase correction data of the base station antenna channel of the partition d are respectively marked as Am dAnd Pm d(ii) a (where amplitude is expressed in dB and m is the number of channels in the subarray)
Step 6, normalizing the amplitude and phase correction data of the overlapping channel of each subarray to obtain full-array correction data, taking fig. 1 as an example, the channel 0 is the overlapping channel, so the data of each subarray is normalized by the channel 0, if the partition a is am a-A0 aAnd Pm a-P0 aAnd the correction data of other partitions are processed in the same way to obtain the correction data of the amplitude and the phase of the full array. And then compensating the amplitude-phase data of the base station antenna.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A base station antenna common aperture plane REV amplitude phase correction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that a correction reflecting plate is arranged in front of a base station antenna array, and the correction reflecting plate has two working states, namely a full wave-transparent state and a semi-transparent wave state; when the base station antenna normally works, the correction reflecting plate works in a full transmission wave state; when the base station antenna is corrected in the line amplitude phase, the correction reflector works in a semi-permeable wave state and is used for reflecting a correction signal;
selecting a plurality of antenna array elements from antenna array elements of a base station antenna as correction antennas;
and performing amplitude-phase correction on the base station antenna by using the correction antenna and adopting an REV amplitude-phase correction method.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the normal operation period of the base station antenna, the calibration time slot is added, the calibration data is collected in the calibration time slot, the calibration data is collected when the next calibration time slot comes, the cycle is repeated until all the calibration data is collected, and then the calibration data collection time slot is cancelled.
3. The base station antenna coplanar REV amplitude and phase correction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a certain amount of disturbance is set to the phase of each channel to obtain the amplitude and phase of each channel for the first REV correction; performing secondary correction by adopting REV to obtain the amplitude and phase of each channel for the second time; let A1, A2 respectively represent two amplitude values obtained in the first correction of any antenna element a, A1 ', A2' respectively represent two amplitude values obtained in the second correction of the antenna element; b1 and B2 respectively represent two amplitude values obtained by the first correction of any antenna element B, and B1 'and B2' respectively represent two amplitude values obtained by the second correction of the antenna element; calculating the difference A1 between A1 and A1 'and the difference A2 between A2 and A2'; the difference between B1 and B1 'is delta B1 and the difference between B2 and B2' is delta B2; judging the relationship between delta A1 and delta B1 and between delta A2 and delta B2; if Δ a1 and Δ B1 are equal, it indicates that the first of two amplitude values obtained in each correction is true, the phase true value is the first, and the true values of other antenna elements are the first; if Δ A2 and Δ B2 are equal, it indicates that the second of the two amplitude values obtained in each calibration is a true value, the phase true value is the second, and the true values for the other antenna elements are the second.
4. The base station antenna coplanar REV amplitude-phase correction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base station antenna is divided into a plurality of partitions nested with each other; selecting an antenna array element as a correction antenna at the central position in each subarea to form an independent correction channel, and performing amplitude-phase correction on each subarea by adopting an REV (remote vision) method to obtain amplitude and phase correction data of each antenna array element relative to the subarea where the antenna array element is located; and then, according to the position relation among the partitions, associating the correction data of the overlapping units among the partitions, and finally obtaining the correction data of each antenna element relative to one correction antenna, thereby obtaining the correction data of the full array.
5. The REV amplitude-phase correction method for the co-planar surface of the base station antenna as claimed in claim 4, wherein the size of each partition is mxn, m is less than or equal to 10, and n is less than or equal to 10.
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Cited By (1)
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