High-gain miniaturized antenna oscillator and antenna
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 5G communication, in particular to a high-gain miniaturized antenna oscillator and an antenna.
Background
With the development of mobile internet and internet of things, the network rate, network capacity, terminal connection number and air interface delay of a 4G mobile communication system cannot meet the requirements of market and technical evolution, and a 5G technology with wider bandwidth, higher rate, lower power consumption, shorter delay and denser and safer connection is required in the future. The application scenes of the 5G base station are diversified, and the requirement on the structural size of the antenna element of the 5G base station is higher and higher on many occasions, so that how to design a high-gain miniaturized element antenna is a challenge to be faced in the design of a 5G base station antenna system.
So far, there have been many designs of 5G base station dipole antennas, for example, a wideband multi-resonant 5G antenna system and a base station are disclosed in the chinese patent with the application number CN201910297576.1, where the antenna system includes a ground plate and an antenna dipole, the antenna dipole includes a substrate, a radiation component and a feed component, the radiation component is disposed on a side surface of the substrate close to the ground plate, the radiation component includes two antenna radiation groups, a symmetry axis of one of the antenna radiation groups is disposed at an included angle of 90 ° with respect to a symmetry axis of the other antenna radiation group, the feed component includes a first cross-shaped feed structure and a second cross-shaped feed structure, the antenna dipole can cover all frequency bands of 2.5 to 5GHz, and has the characteristics of planarization, wideband and stable gain, and its structure is simple and its manufacturing cost is low.
However, the antenna element is a dipole antenna and is a radiating surface arranged on the circuit board, and the 5G array subunit based on the plate structure has high cost and heavy weight. And the 5G antenna oscillator occupies a large space, which is not beneficial to the miniaturization of the base station antenna and has large loss of the antenna oscillator.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a miniaturized antenna element with light weight, low cost and higher miniaturization and high gain and an antenna.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a miniaturized antenna element of high gain, antenna element integrated into one piece, it includes radiation structure and feed bearing structure, radiation structure includes first irradiator and second irradiator, first irradiator level sets up, and the second irradiator is bent downwards by the outer border of first irradiator and is formed, feed bearing structure includes the feed supporting part of a plurality of vertical settings, the feed supporting part forms from first irradiator downwardly extending.
Preferably, the antenna element is of a sheet metal structure.
Preferably, a plurality of slits are formed in the radiation structure, and each slit extends from the outer edge of the second radiator to the center direction of the first radiator and penetrates through the outer edge of the second radiator.
Preferably, the plurality of slits divide the radiation structure into a plurality of radiation units, and an outer edge of each of the radiation units includes a plurality of first sides and second sides disposed at intervals.
Preferably, the first edge is a circular arc edge, and the second edge is a circular arc edge bent in a direction opposite to the first edge.
Preferably, the feeding support part is formed by tearing or punching the radiation structure and then bending, and a slot is formed on the radiation structure after bending.
Preferably, the slots include a first slot formed on the first radiator and a second slot formed on the second radiator, the first slot is a rectangular slot, and the second slot is or is approximately a fan-shaped slot.
Preferably, the feed support portion is connected to an end of the first slot away from the outer edge of the first radiator.
Preferably, the antenna element further comprises a director sheet fixed above the radiating structure.
Preferably, each of the radiation units is provided with at least one slot.
The invention also discloses another technical scheme: an antenna comprises a substrate and at least one antenna element arranged on the substrate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the integrated structure design of the antenna oscillator can effectively enhance the strength of the oscillator, and adopts a sheet metal structure, so that the antenna is easy to produce and the whole weight of the antenna can be reduced.
2. The radiating part of antenna sets up the skirt pendulum structure of outwards bending, when guaranteeing resonant frequency, can reduce the bore size of antenna element, do benefit to the miniaturization, and radiating part's a plurality of slotted holes, not only can effectively reduce the weight of array to also can do benefit to the miniaturization and the matching of antenna element, welding, make the high gain miniaturization of base station antenna realization, can reduce antenna element's loss simultaneously, do benefit to the assembly and the use of the antenna of 5G communication frequency channel.
3. A plurality of feed supporting parts of vertical setting had both played the effect of feed, had played the effect of supporting and fixed array subunit again.
4. The resonant frequency of the array can be effectively adjusted through a plurality of gap structures of the radiation part, the effect of reducing the size of the array is achieved, and the weight of the array can be effectively reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an antenna element according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the reverse side of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the antenna of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the antenna oscillator and the substrate in fig. 3 in a split manner;
reference numerals:
100. the antenna comprises an antenna element, 10, a radiation structure, 11, a first radiator, 12, a second radiator, 121, a first edge, 122, a second edge, 13, a slot, 14, a slot, 141, a first slot, 142, a second slot, 15, a radiation unit, 151, a first radiation part, 152, a second radiation part, 20, a feed support structure, 21, a feed support part, 200, an antenna, 30, a substrate, 31, a feed network, 311, a signal input/output end, 40 and an isolation board.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention.
The high-gain miniaturized antenna oscillator and the antenna disclosed by the invention have the advantages that the weight of the antenna oscillator is reduced, the cost is reduced, meanwhile, the space occupied by the antenna oscillator is smaller, the base station antenna is more miniaturized, the loss of the antenna oscillator is reduced, and the assembly and the use of the antenna in a 5G communication frequency band are facilitated.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a high-gain miniaturized antenna element 100 according to the present invention includes a radiation structure 10 and a feeding support structure 20, where the radiation structure 10 includes a first radiator 11 and a second radiator 12, the first radiator 11 is a main radiation portion generated by an antenna pattern, and in this embodiment, the first radiator 11 is horizontally disposed and has a disk shape as a whole, and the implementation is not limited to the disk shape.
The second radiator 12 and the first radiator 11 constitute a radiation portion of the antenna. In this embodiment, the second radiator 12 is formed by bending the outer edge of the first radiator 11 downward, and is approximately in a skirt structure of the first radiator 11.
Preferably, a plurality of slots 13 are further disposed on the radiating structure 10, wherein the arrangement of the slots 13 can effectively adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna element 100, and serves to reduce the size of the antenna element 100. Each slot 13 is formed to extend from the outer edge of the second radiator 12 to the center direction of the first radiator 11 and penetrate through the outer edge of the second radiator 12, in this embodiment, each slot 13 extends to the first radiator 11, that is, each slot 13 is formed on the second radiator 12 and the first radiator 11. And 4 slots 13 are provided on the radiation structure 10 in this embodiment, and the 4 slots 13 are uniformly distributed on the radiation structure 10 in the circumferential direction, and all face the center of the first radiator 11 (i.e. the center of the first radiator in this embodiment), that is, the 4 slots 13 are rotationally symmetric on the radiation structure 10.
The plurality of slits 13 divide the radiation structure 10 into a plurality of radiation units 15, in this embodiment, the radiation structure 10 is divided into 4 radiation units 15 by 4 slits 13, that is, a radiation unit 15 is formed between two adjacent slits 13 of the radiation structure 10, and two radiation unit groups are formed by 4 radiation units 15, wherein a symmetry axis of one radiation unit group is perpendicular to a symmetry axis of another radiation unit group, and each radiation unit group includes two radiation units 15 arranged oppositely, that is, the 4 radiation units 15 are distributed in a crisscross manner.
In this embodiment, the structures of the 4 radiation units 15 are the same, each radiation unit 15 specifically includes a first radiation portion 151 and a second radiation portion 152, where the first radiation portion 151 is horizontally disposed and is a part of the first radiator 11, the second radiation portion 152 is formed by bending downward from an outer edge of the first radiation portion 151, and the second radiation portion 152 is a part of the second radiator 12. In specific implementation, the number, shape, etc. of the slits 13 on the radiation structure 10 are not limited, and correspondingly, the number, shape, etc. of the radiation units 15 are also not limited.
The outer edge of each radiating element 15 is a polygon, that is, the outer edge of the second radiating portion 152 is a polygon, and specifically includes a plurality of first sides 121 and second sides 122 arranged at intervals, in this embodiment, each radiating element 15 has 1 first side 121 and 2 second sides 122, so that the outer edge of the entire second radiator 12 has 4 first sides 121 and 8 second sides 122 in total, where the first side 121 is circular arc or approximately circular arc, the second side 122 is a circular arc side bent in the opposite direction to the first side, that is, the bending directions of the first side 121 and the second side 122 are opposite, for example, the first side 121 is an outward-bent circular arc side, and the second side 122 is an inward-bent circular arc side, and the skirt structure of the second radiator 12 can reduce the aperture size of the antenna array while ensuring the resonant frequency, and is beneficial to miniaturization. In practice, the number of sides of each radiation unit 15 can be set according to actual needs, and the shapes of the first side 121 and the second side 122 are not limited to those defined herein.
Preferably, the radiating structure 10 is further provided with a plurality of slots 14, and the arrangement of the slots 14 on the radiating structure 10 not only can effectively reduce the weight of the antenna element 100, but also is beneficial to the miniaturization, matching and welding of the antenna element 100. Specifically, each slot 14 includes a first slot 141 formed on the first radiator 11 and a second slot 142 formed on the second radiator 12, in this embodiment, one slot 14 is disposed on each radiating element 15, that is, 4 slots 14 are formed on the radiating structure 10, and each slot 14 is disposed coaxially with the corresponding radiating element 15, that is, the 4 slots 14 are also distributed in a cross shape.
In addition, in the embodiment, the first slot 141 is a rectangular slot, and the second slot 142 is or is similar to a fan-shaped slot, wherein the rectangular slot facilitates miniaturization of the antenna, and the fan-shaped slot can effectively reduce the weight of the antenna element 100, and facilitate matching and welding of the antenna element 100. In practical applications, the number, shape, etc. of the slots 14 on the radiation structure 10 are not limited.
The feed support structure 20 is formed extending downward from the first radiator 11, and functions to feed on the one hand, and to support and fix the antenna element 100 on the other hand. Specifically, the feeding support structure 20 includes a plurality of vertically disposed feeding support portions 21, each feeding support portion 21 is formed by tearing or punching the radiation structure and then bending, and the bending forms one of the slots on the radiation structure. In this embodiment, the feeding support structure 20 includes 4 feeding support portions 21 vertically disposed, and each feeding support portion 21 is connected to the first radiator 11 and disposed near a central position of the first radiator 11. Each radiating element 15 corresponds to one feeding support portion 21, and one end (the upper end in this embodiment) of each feeding support portion 21 is connected to one end of the first slot 141 away from the outer edge of the first radiator 14. The 4 feeding support portions 21 are also distributed in a crisscross pattern. In a specific implementation, the number and the position of the power feeding support portions 21 may not be limited.
Preferably, the antenna element 100 of the present invention is integrally formed, so as to effectively enhance the strength of the antenna, and preferably adopts a sheet metal structure, which is easy to produce and can reduce the overall weight of the antenna.
In addition, the antenna element 100 is further provided with a guiding sheet (not shown), in this embodiment, the guiding sheet is fixed above the radiating structure 10, specifically, above the end face of the radiating structure 10 away from the feeding support portion, and the guiding sheet is provided, so that on one hand, the antenna element can be well matched under the condition that the height of the antenna element is lower than that of the conventional antenna element, and on the other hand, the cross polarization of the antenna can also be improved.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, an antenna 200 according to the present invention includes a substrate 30 and at least one array sub-unit disposed on the substrate 30, each array sub-unit includes at least one antenna element 100, and the other end (in this embodiment, the lower end) of the feeding support portion 21 of the antenna element 100 is connected to the substrate 30, and is specifically welded to the substrate 30. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the substrate 30 is provided with a feeding network 31, the feeding network 31 is provided with a plurality of signal input/output ends 311, and the other end of each feeding support portion 21 is electrically connected to a corresponding signal input/output end 311. In practice, the substrate 30 may be a PCB.
Preferably, a separation plate 40 is further arranged between adjacent array sub-units, so that the separation degree between the array sub-units can be improved, and the side lobe of an antenna radiation pattern can be reduced.
Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the disclosure of the embodiments, but includes various alternatives and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims of the present patent application.