CN112464811A - Method for accurately filtering high-frequency random noise in pumped storage unit runout signal - Google Patents

Method for accurately filtering high-frequency random noise in pumped storage unit runout signal Download PDF

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CN112464811A
CN112464811A CN202011353478.4A CN202011353478A CN112464811A CN 112464811 A CN112464811 A CN 112464811A CN 202011353478 A CN202011353478 A CN 202011353478A CN 112464811 A CN112464811 A CN 112464811A
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姜伟
薛小明
张楠
叶玮
高荣
王馨梓
孙娜
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Huaiyin Institute of Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of hydroelectric generating sets of power systems, and discloses a method for accurately filtering high-frequency random noise in a pumped storage unit runout signal, which comprises the following steps: 1) constructing a Hankel matrix of the unit runout monitoring signal, and obtaining a diagonal matrix containing a singular value sequence after singular value decomposition; 2) based on a Hankel matrix construction principle, signal components related to a single singular value are inverted in sequence; 3) respectively calculating the autocorrelation function of each signal component and the original oscillation monitoring signal, and gradually calculating the correlation coefficient between the signal components and the original oscillation monitoring signal; 4) and screening a threshold value according to a preset correlation coefficient, filtering high-frequency random noise sequence components, and reconstructing to obtain effective oscillation monitoring signal components. The invention can meet the requirement that the pumped storage unit accurately reduces the noise of the oscillation monitoring signal under the operation of a strong background noise environment, obtains a relatively pure oscillation signal, and provides a reliable data basis for analyzing and evaluating the state of the unit and improving the safe and stable operation performance of the unit.

Description

Method for accurately filtering high-frequency random noise in pumped storage unit runout signal
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydroelectric generating sets of power systems, in particular to a method for accurately filtering high-frequency random noise in a pumped storage unit runout signal.
Background
Along with the rapid development of economy and society, the power load is rapidly increased, the peak-to-valley difference is continuously increased, the power grid has higher requirements on stability, and the insufficient peak regulation capability becomes a key problem restricting the development of a power system. The pumped storage power station is taken as a universally recognized peak shaving power supply which is flexible and reliable in operation, plays the functions of adjusting load, promoting energy conservation of a power system and maintaining safe and stable operation of a power grid by virtue of the unique operation characteristics of peak shaving and valley filling of the pumped storage power station, and gradually becomes an effective and indispensable adjusting means of the power system. The oscillation monitoring signal which can be used for analyzing and evaluating the state of the unit is easily submerged by strong high-frequency random noise under the influence of various factors such as the operating environment of the pumped storage unit, measuring equipment, local impact and the like. In order to effectively monitor the running state of the unit and ensure the safe and stable running of the unit, the research of a feasible and effective method for accurately filtering the high-frequency random noise of the oscillation signal of the pumped storage unit becomes an important work in the current improvement of the state analysis performance of the pumped storage unit.
The existing signal denoising method is mainly based on algorithm theories such as blind signal separation, wavelet transformation, empirical mode decomposition and the like, and is easily limited by factors such as source number, wavelet type and threshold selection, mode aliasing and the like in practical application; meanwhile, aiming at high-frequency random noise components contained in the vibration signals, the noise reduction algorithm is properly tried in the aspect of noise filtering, but the problem of insufficient denoising performance generally exists. At present, for the problem of accurately filtering high-frequency random noise in the pumping energy storage unit runout signal, related research is not deeply and systematically carried out, a scientific and effective pumping energy storage unit runout signal high-frequency random noise accurate filtering theoretical system is lacked, and the functional requirement for accurately analyzing and evaluating the unit running state cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for accurately filtering high-frequency random noise in a pumped storage unit runout signal, the idea of high-frequency random noise self-adaption accurate filtering is introduced into the field of noise reduction of the pumped storage unit runout signal, the influence mechanism of random noise characteristics on monitoring signals is comprehensively considered, and the limitation that the noise reduction process is excessively dependent on artificial experience and priori knowledge is overcome.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides a method for accurately filtering high-frequency random noise in a pumped storage unit runout signal, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: constructing a Hankel matrix of an original runout monitoring signal of the pumped storage unit, and performing singular value decomposition on the Hankel matrix to obtain a diagonal matrix containing a singular value sequence;
step 2: based on a Hankel matrix construction principle, sequentially inverting to obtain each signal component related to a single singular value;
and step 3: respectively calculating the autocorrelation function of each signal component and the original oscillation monitoring signal in the step 2, and solving the correlation coefficient of each signal component and the original oscillation monitoring signal one by one;
and 4, step 4: and screening a threshold value according to a preset correlation coefficient, filtering high-frequency random noise sequence components, updating a singular value sequence, and reconstructing to obtain effective oscillation monitoring signal components.
Further, the step 1 comprises the following sub-steps:
1-1: acquiring a unit runout monitoring signal sequence X based on a pumped storage unit online monitoring and production real-time systemS
1-2: according to the phase space reconstruction principle, a unit runout monitoring signal X is constructedSCorresponding Hankel matrix HS
1-3: for the constructed Hankel matrix HSSingular value decomposition is carried out, and a diagonal matrix Lambda ═ diag (Lambda) containing singular value sequences is obtained12,…,λr) Wherein r represents a matrix HSIs determined.
Further, the step 2 comprises the following sub-steps:
2-1: sequentially taking singular values lambda in diagonal matrix lambdaiLet λ bejConstruct a diagonal matrix Λ containing only single singular values ≠ i ═ 0, j ≠ ii′=diag(0,…,λi,…,0);
2-2: according to the constructed diagonal matrix Lambdai', calculating the corresponding Hankel matrix HSi′:
HSi′=PΛi′Q
Wherein P, Q denotes a Hankel matrix HSObtaining an orthogonal matrix after singular value decomposition;
2-3: based on Hankel matrix construction principle, single singular value lambda related to is obtained through matrix inversioniSignal component X ofSi(i=1,2,…,r)。
Further, the step 3 comprises the following sub-steps:
3-1: respectively calculating each of the correlations to a single singular value lambdaiSignal component X ofSi(i-1, 2, …, r) and the original runout monitoring signal XSIs self-correlation function of
Figure BDA0002801994010000022
The calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002801994010000021
wherein, M represents the length of the signal sequence, tau is a time delay coefficient, k is 1,2, 3, M-1;
3-2: calculating the signal components X one by oneSiWith the original runout monitoring signal XSCorrelation coefficient ofi
Figure BDA0002801994010000031
Further, the step 4 comprises the following sub-steps:
4-1: presetting a screening threshold alpha of a high-frequency random noise correlation coefficient of a unit runout signal;
4-2: if deltaiIf the component is more than or equal to alpha, the singular value corresponding to the component is reserved; otherwise, setting the singular value corresponding to the component to 0, and characterizing and filtering the high-frequency random noise sequence component;
4-3: obtaining effective runout monitoring signal component X through reconstruction based on updated singular value sequenceS′。
Has the advantages that:
1. the invention introduces the thought of high-frequency random noise self-adaptive accurate filtering into the field of pumped storage unit runout signal noise reduction for the first time, comprehensively considers the influence mechanism of random noise characteristics on monitoring signals, overcomes the limitation that the noise reduction process excessively depends on artificial experience and priori knowledge, fills the blank that no scientific theoretical basis and technical guidance exist yet for accurate filtering of the high-frequency random noise of the unit runout signals, effectively improves the extraction precision of the unit pure runout monitoring signals, improves the reliability of unit state analysis and evaluation, and ensures safe, reliable and efficient operation of a power station.
2. The method provided by the invention firstly considers that the singular value decomposition method is adopted to complete the decomposition of the original oscillation monitoring signal sequence of the pumped storage unit, and the screening and filtering of the high-frequency random noise sequence component are realized based on the single signal component inversion and the correlation analysis theory, so that the internal rule of the unit running state evolution is fully captured, the filtering precision of the high-frequency random noise in the oscillation signal of the unit is obviously improved, the technical problem of noise interference existing in the unit state evaluation is solved, the evaluation level of the unit state change is effectively improved, and reliable theoretical guidance and technical support are provided for the intelligent state maintenance of the pumped storage unit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for accurately filtering high-frequency random noise in a pumped storage unit runout signal according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a variation curve of a pure vibration signal sequence of the pumped storage unit according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a high-frequency random noise sequence variation curve in a vibration signal of a pumped storage group according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sequence variation curve of a pure vibration signal of the pumped storage unit after noise processing in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a high-frequency random noise filtering result curve in a vibration signal of the pumped storage group in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention takes filtering of high-frequency random noise in a pumping energy storage unit runout signal of a certain domestic power station as an analysis case, and fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for accurately filtering the high-frequency random noise in the pumping energy storage unit runout signal, which is provided by the invention and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: and constructing a Hankel matrix of the original runout monitoring signal of the pumped storage unit, and performing singular value decomposition to obtain a diagonal matrix containing a singular value sequence.
1-1: acquiring a unit runout monitoring signal sequence X based on a pumped storage unit online monitoring and production real-time systemS. The method is characterized in that high-frequency random noise in a pumping energy storage unit vibration signal of a certain domestic power station is filtered to serve as an analysis case, and a unit pure vibration signal and high-frequency random noise are obtained through simulation according to the unit operation environment, structural parameters and vibration characteristic frequency. Fig. 2 shows a sequence variation curve of the unit pure vibration signal, fig. 3 shows a sequence variation curve of the high-frequency random noise sequence, fig. 4 shows a sequence variation curve of the unit pure vibration signal after noise processing, and the sequence length M in the graph is 1026 sampling data points.
1-2: according to the phase space reconstruction principle, a unit runout monitoring signal X is constructedSCorresponding Hankel matrix HS
1-3: for the constructed Hankel matrix HSSingular value decomposition is carried out to obtain pairs containing singular value sequencesAngle matrix Λ ═ diag (λ)12,…,λr) Wherein r represents a matrix HSIs determined.
From the above process, the calculated diagonal matrix Λ has the form, where r 513:
Figure BDA0002801994010000041
step 2: based on the Hankel matrix construction principle, signal components related to a single singular value are obtained through inversion in sequence.
2-1: sequentially taking singular values lambda in diagonal matrix lambdaiLet λ bej0(j ≠ i), constructing a diagonal matrix Λ that contains only single singular valuesi′=diag(0,…,λi,…,0);
E.g. for singular values lambda in the diagonal matrix lambda1A diagonal matrix Lambda containing single singular values may be constructed1′:
Figure BDA0002801994010000042
2-2: according to the constructed diagonal matrix Λ'iCalculating the corresponding Hankel matrix HSi′:
HSi′=PΛi′Q
Wherein P, Q denotes a Hankel matrix HSAnd obtaining an orthogonal matrix after singular value decomposition.
2-3: based on Hankel matrix construction principle, single singular value lambda related to is obtained through matrix inversioniSignal component X ofSi(i=1,2,…,r)。
And step 3: and respectively calculating the autocorrelation function of each signal component and the original oscillation monitoring signal, and on the basis, calculating the correlation coefficient of each signal component and the oscillation monitoring signal one by one.
3-1: calculating each signal component X separatelySi(i-1, 2, …, r) and the original runout monitoring signal XSIs self-correlation function of
Figure BDA0002801994010000054
Figure BDA0002801994010000051
Wherein, M represents the length of the signal sequence, τ is the delay coefficient, k is 1,2, 3, M-1.
3-2: one by one, obtaining each signal component XSiWith the original runout monitoring signal XSCorrelation coefficient ofi
Figure BDA0002801994010000052
And 4, step 4: and screening a threshold value according to a preset correlation coefficient, filtering high-frequency random noise sequence components, and reconstructing to obtain effective oscillation monitoring signal components.
4-1: and determining a screening threshold alpha of the high-frequency random noise correlation coefficient of the unit runout signal according to numerical calculation or expert experience. In the embodiment of the invention, the screening threshold value of the high-frequency random noise correlation coefficient of the unit runout signal can be determined as follows: α is 0.1.
4-2: automatic discrimination conditions: deltai≥α;
If the condition is not met, setting the singular value corresponding to the component to be 0, and characterizing and filtering the high-frequency random noise sequence component;
if the condition is satisfied, the singular value corresponding to this component is retained.
Based on the above determination condition, the signal component X in step 3-2SiWith the original runout monitoring signal XSCorrelation coefficient ofiAs a result of the calculation, in the present embodiment, λ in Λ is defined as1~λ12Inverting the resulting signal component with XSCorrelation coefficient of1~δ12The values of the conditions satisfying the automatic discrimination conditions are distributed as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 correlation coefficient value distribution
Figure BDA0002801994010000053
Figure BDA0002801994010000061
Retention of lambda in lambda1~λ12Will be λ13~λ513And setting 0, and updating the lambda to obtain an updated singular value sequence.
4-3: obtaining effective runout monitoring signal component X through reconstruction based on updated singular value sequenceS′。
Fig. 5 shows a high-frequency random noise filtering result curve in a vibration signal of the pumped storage group. According to the graphic result, the finally obtained signal curve can well fit the original pure vibration signal sequence change curve of the unit, and the effectiveness of the high-frequency random noise precise filtering method is fully verified.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A method for accurately filtering high-frequency random noise in a pumped storage unit runout signal is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: constructing a Hankel matrix of an original runout monitoring signal of the pumped storage unit, and performing singular value decomposition on the Hankel matrix to obtain a diagonal matrix containing a singular value sequence;
step 2: based on a Hankel matrix construction principle, sequentially inverting to obtain each signal component related to a single singular value;
and step 3: respectively calculating the autocorrelation function of each signal component and the original oscillation monitoring signal in the step 2, and solving the correlation coefficient of each signal component and the original oscillation monitoring signal one by one;
and 4, step 4: and screening a threshold value according to a preset correlation coefficient, filtering high-frequency random noise sequence components, updating a singular value sequence, and reconstructing to obtain effective oscillation monitoring signal components.
2. The method for accurately filtering high-frequency random noise in pumped storage unit runout signals according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 comprises the following substeps:
1-1: acquiring a unit runout monitoring signal sequence X based on a pumped storage unit online monitoring and production real-time systemS
1-2: according to the phase space reconstruction principle, a unit runout monitoring signal X is constructedSCorresponding Hankel matrix HS
1-3: for the constructed Hankel matrix HSSingular value decomposition is carried out, and a diagonal matrix Lambda ═ diag (Lambda) containing singular value sequences is obtained12,…,λr) Wherein r represents a matrix HSIs determined.
3. The method for accurately filtering high-frequency random noise in the pumped storage unit runout signal according to claim 2, wherein the step 2 comprises the following substeps:
2-1: sequentially taking singular values lambda in diagonal matrix lambdaiLet λ bej0, j ≠ i, constructing a diagonal matrix Λ 'containing only single singular values'i=diag(0,…,λi,…,0);
2-2: according to the constructed diagonal matrix Λ'iCalculating the corresponding Hankel matrix HSi′:
HSi′=PΛi′Q
Wherein P, Q denotes a Hankel matrix HSObtaining an orthogonal matrix after singular value decomposition;
2-3: based on Hankel matrix construction principle, obtaining lambda related to single singular value through Hankel matrix inversioniSignal component X ofSi(i=1,2,…,r)。
4. The method for accurately filtering high-frequency random noise in pumped storage unit runout signals according to claim 3, wherein the step 3 comprises the following substeps:
3-1: respectively calculating each of the correlations to a single singular value lambdaiSignal component X ofSi(i-1, 2, …, r) and the original runout monitoring signal XSIs self-correlation function of
Figure FDA0002801994000000021
The calculation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0002801994000000022
wherein, M represents the length of the signal sequence, tau is a time delay coefficient, k is 1,2, 3, M-1;
3-2: calculating the signal components X one by oneSiWith the original runout monitoring signal XSCorrelation coefficient ofi
Figure FDA0002801994000000023
5. The method for accurately filtering high-frequency random noise in the pumped storage unit runout signal according to claim 4, wherein the step 4 comprises the following substeps:
4-1: presetting a screening threshold alpha of a high-frequency random noise correlation coefficient of a unit runout signal;
4-2: if deltaiIf the component is more than or equal to alpha, the singular value corresponding to the component is reserved; otherwise, setting the singular value corresponding to the component to 0, and characterizing and filtering the high-frequency random noise sequence component;
4-3: obtaining effective runout monitoring signal component X through reconstruction based on updated singular value sequenceS′。
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