CN112464379B - Sound source system for simulating underwater propeller noise - Google Patents
Sound source system for simulating underwater propeller noise Download PDFInfo
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- CN112464379B CN112464379B CN202011353918.6A CN202011353918A CN112464379B CN 112464379 B CN112464379 B CN 112464379B CN 202011353918 A CN202011353918 A CN 202011353918A CN 112464379 B CN112464379 B CN 112464379B
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- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/15—Vehicle, aircraft or watercraft design
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sound source system for simulating noise of an underwater propeller, which can simulate hydrodynamic noise of the underwater propeller and cavitation noise of the underwater propeller, and realizes simulation of the noise of the propeller in a low-speed towing state, thereby achieving the purpose of simulating the real working process of the ship propeller. The sound source system includes: the device comprises a control unit, a high-pressure gas station, a valve control unit and a noise simulation device; the control unit is used for controlling the on-off of an electric control valve in the high-pressure gas station and the noise simulation device; the high-pressure air station is used for providing enough high-pressure air for the system to work; the valve control unit is used for stabilizing the pressure and the flow of high-pressure gas generated by the high-pressure gas station and conveying the high-pressure gas to the noise simulation device; the noise simulator is used for simulating hydrodynamic noise and cavitation noise of underwater propeller in underwater dragging operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sound source system, in particular to a sound source system for simulating underwater propeller noise, and belongs to the technical field of underwater noise simulation.
Background
Naval radiation noise is noise that is generated by the operation of machinery on the naval vessel and the movement of the naval vessel and is radiated into the water, and is naval noise that is received by hydrophones at a distance from the naval vessel. Because the sound wave is the only most effective energy form capable of being remotely transmitted in the ocean at present, the ship water noise has great influence on the survival and the weapon equipment performance of the ship and is an important index of the ship concealment.
The propeller noise is one of ship radiation noise and mainly comprises propeller hydrodynamic noise and propeller cavitation noise. The hydrodynamic noise of the propeller is noise generated by turbulence of propeller blades, has strong regularity and is closely related to parameters such as the rotating speed of the blades, the number of the blades and the like; and propeller cavitation noise is noise generated by the rotation of a rotating propeller in water causing bubbles in the water to grow and then collapse. When the propeller rotates in water, low-pressure and negative-pressure areas are generated on the blade tip and the blade surface when the blades of the propeller rotate in water, small bubbles, namely formed cavities, are generated by water breakage when the negative pressure is increased to a certain limit along with the increase of the revolution number, later broadband sound pulses are generated by the bubbles, a large amount of noise generated by the bubble breakage is large in sound source level, and the noise forms the main part of the high end of a noise spectrum of a ship.
The propeller noise is an inevitable characteristic in the sailing process of ships and warships and is important information that fuses such as torpedoes, torpedoes and the like need to be caught. Conversely, in the application of anti-torpedo or underwater baits, a system can be designed to simulate underwater propeller noise to form a false target, thereby luring torpedo or torpedo attacks.
The simulation of screw noise needs to simulate two kinds of characteristic signals of screw hydrodynamic noise and screw cavitation noise simultaneously, and screw hydrodynamic noise is caused by the screw rotatory vortex under water, and the regularity is strong, realizes easily, and because screw cavitation noise is caused by the random rupture of a large amount of unequal bubble of size, the cavitation noise spectrum has the continuity promptly, also has the impulsive nature, and the simulation degree of difficulty is great.
Cavitation occurs only when the vessel reaches a critical navigational speed, at which time the underwater radiation noise of the vessel increases suddenly. Therefore, the simulation of propeller cavitation noise needs a large amount of bubbles with different sizes or reaches a certain critical navigational speed, and the existing device for simulating propeller cavitation noise abroad can not realize continuous bubbles with different sizes or has higher navigational speed, so that a common platform can not realize the simulation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a sound source system for simulating underwater propeller noise, which can realize continuous bubbles with different sizes at a lower navigational speed, thereby simulating propeller cavitation noise.
The sound source system for simulating underwater propeller noise comprises: the device comprises a control unit, a high-pressure gas station, a valve control unit and a noise simulation device;
the high-pressure air station provides high-pressure air for the noise simulation device through the valve control unit under the control of the control unit;
the valve control unit is used for stabilizing the pressure and the flow of high-pressure gas generated by the high-pressure gas station;
the noise simulation apparatus includes: the device comprises a towed body structure, a high-pressure gas cylinder, an electric control valve blade and a rotating shaft; the towed body structure is a sealed cavity structure, and the high-pressure gas cylinder is fixed in the towed body structure;
the rotating shaft is of a hollow cylindrical structure with a step hole in the center, is coaxially supported at the tail of the towed body structure through a bearing, and can rotate around the tail of the towed body structure; a sealed annular cavity is formed between the stepped hole in the center of the rotating shaft and the tail part of the towed body structure, and an air hole communicated with the cavity is formed in the tail part of the towed body structure; the gas outlet of the high-pressure gas cylinder is communicated with the gas hole at the tail part of the towed body structure through a gas outlet pipeline; an electric control valve is arranged on the air outlet pipeline, and the closing time and the working frequency of the electric control valve are controlled by the control unit;
the rotating shaft is connected with more than two blades, more than two damping holes are processed on each blade, one end of each damping hole is communicated with the cavity, and the other end of each damping hole is communicated with the outside.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the valve element control unit includes: the air inlet interface, the regulating valve, the pressure reducing valve, the air outlet interface and the air leakage interface;
the connection relationship is as follows: the high-pressure gas station is connected with the gas inlet interface through a high-pressure gas pipe, and the gas inlet interface is provided with an adjusting valve; the high-pressure air pipe behind the regulating valve is divided into two paths, one path is an air discharge pipeline, and the other path is an air conveying pipeline; the tail end of the air leakage pipeline is provided with an air leakage interface, and a stop valve A is arranged at the air leakage interface; the gas conveying pipeline is provided with a pressure reducing valve, the tail end of the gas conveying pipeline is provided with a gas outlet connector, and the gas outlet connector is provided with a stop valve B.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: and an air inlet pipeline connected with an air inlet of the high-pressure air bottle and a cable for connecting the electric control valve and the control unit are integrated together to form a composite cable which is used as a towing cable of the noise simulation device.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: and the gas delivery pipeline is provided with a pressure gauge for detecting the pressure value of the high-pressure gas decompressed by the decompression valve in real time.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the damping hole is arranged at the blade tip position or at the back of the blade.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the diameters of the damping holes on the blades are different.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: more than two blades are evenly distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the rotating shaft is axially limited by an end cover fixedly connected with the towed body structure.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the towed body structure is streamline.
Has the advantages that:
the sound source system can simulate hydrodynamic noise of the underwater propeller and cavitation noise of the underwater propeller, and the propeller noise can be simulated in a low-speed dragging state, so that the aim of simulating the real working process of the ship propeller is fulfilled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the overall system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the general arrangement of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a valve control unit according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a noise simulation apparatus according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1-control unit, 2-high pressure gas station, 3-valve control unit, 4-noise simulation device, 5-air inlet interface, 6-regulating valve, 7-pressure gauge, 8-pressure reducing valve, 9-air outlet interface, 10-air outlet interface, 11-towing cable, 12-towing body structure, 13-clamp, 14-high pressure gas cylinder, 15-electric control valve, 16-high pressure gas pipe, 17-blade, 18-bearing, 19-sealing ring, 20-damping hole, 21-end cover, 22-cavity, 23-rotating shaft, 24-stop valve A, 25-stop valve B
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to solve the problem of simulating the underwater noise of the propeller under the low-speed condition, the sound source system for simulating the underwater propeller noise is provided by the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the sound source system includes: the device comprises a control unit 1, a high-pressure gas station 2, a valve control unit 3 and a noise simulation device 4; wherein the control unit 1 is used for controlling the on-off of the electric control valve 15 in the high-pressure gas station 2 and the noise simulator 4; the high-pressure air station 2 is used for providing sufficient high-pressure air for the system to work; the valve control unit 3 is used for stabilizing the pressure and the flow of the high-pressure gas generated by the high-pressure gas station 2 and conveying the high-pressure gas to the noise simulation device 4; the noise simulator 4 is for underwater towing work, and is for simulating hydrodynamic noise and cavitation noise of an underwater propeller.
The control unit 1 is connected with an electric control valve 15 in the noise simulation device 4 through a trailing cable 11 and is connected with a corresponding cable joint on the high-pressure gas station 2 so as to control the electric control valve 15 and the high-pressure gas station 2; in order to ensure that the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas station 2 is delivered to the high-pressure gas bottle 14, the high-pressure gas station 2, the valve element control unit 3 and the noise simulation device 4 are connected into a whole by adopting a standard high-pressure gas pipe to form a gas supply loop.
The control unit 1, the high-pressure gas station 2 and the valve control unit 3 are all arranged on a water surface platform, and the water surface platform drags the noise simulation device 4 to work in water at a certain navigational speed; the control unit 1, the high-pressure gas station 2 and the valve element control unit 3 provide a stable high-pressure gas source for the noise simulation device 4, and maintain a sufficient high-pressure gas flow rate during the working process.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the valve element control unit 3 includes: the air inlet connector 5, the regulating valve 6, the pressure gauge 7, the pressure reducing valve 8, the air outlet connector 9 and the air leakage connector 10; the connection relationship is as follows: the high-pressure gas station 2 is connected with an air inlet interface 5 through a high-pressure gas pipe, an adjusting valve 6 is arranged at the air inlet interface 5, and the gas quantity entering the valve control unit 3 can be adjusted by controlling the opening degree of the adjusting valve 6; the high-pressure air pipe behind the regulating valve 6 is divided into two paths, one path is an air discharge pipeline, and the other path is an air conveying pipeline; the tail end of the air leakage pipeline is provided with an air leakage interface 10, a stop valve A24 is arranged at the air leakage interface 10, and the air leakage pipeline is used for discharging residual gas in the pipeline; a pressure reducing valve 8 is arranged in the gas conveying pipeline and used for reducing the pressure of the high-pressure gas to a safe pressure (a set pressure value), and the pressure value of the high-pressure gas after passing through the pressure reducing valve 8 is displayed in real time through a pressure gauge 7 on the gas conveying pipeline; the tail end of the gas conveying pipeline is provided with a gas outlet connector 9, and a stop valve B25 is arranged at the gas outlet connector 9.
As shown in fig. 4, the noise simulation apparatus 4 includes: the device comprises a towing cable 11, a towed body structure 12, a hoop 13, a high-pressure gas cylinder 14, an electric control valve 15, a high-pressure gas pipe 16, blades 17 and a rotating shaft 23; the towing cable 11 is a composite cable, integrates the high-pressure air pipe and the cable together, and has a certain bearing capacity. The high-pressure gas pipe in the towing cable 11 is connected to the gas outlet port 9 in the valve control unit 3 so as to be fed to the noise simulation apparatus 4 through the high-pressure gas pipe in the towing cable 11. The high-pressure gas cylinder 14 is fixed inside the towed body structure 12 through two hoops 13, the towed body structure 12 is a sealed cavity, and the shape can be designed into a streamline shape with smaller towing resistance and the like; the tail part of the towed body structure 12 is a solid cylinder, the rotating shaft 23 is a hollow cylindrical structure with a step hole in the center, and two ends of the rotating shaft 23 are coaxially supported at the tail part of the towed body structure 12 through bearings 18 respectively, so that the rotating shaft 23 can rotate around the tail part of the towed body structure 12; an annular cavity 22 is formed between the stepped hole in the center of the rotating shaft 23 and the tail part of the towed body structure 12, sealing rings 19 are respectively arranged on two sides of the cavity 22 and between the rotating shaft 23 and the circumferential surface of the towed body structure 12, which is in butt joint with the tail part, so that a sealed annular cavity 22 is formed; the rotating shaft 23 is fastened at the tail part of the towed body structure 12 by the end cover 21, the rotating shaft 23 is axially limited (the other end of the rotating shaft 23 is axially limited by a step surface at the tail part of the towed body structure 12) so as to limit the rotating shaft 23 to only generate circumferential rotating motion, and the end cover 21 is connected with the tail part of the towed body structure 12 by threads. A small hole is arranged in the tail part of the towed body structure 12 and communicated with the cavity 22; the gas outlet of the high-pressure gas cylinder 14 is communicated with the small hole at the tail part of the towed body structure 12 through a gas outlet pipeline, so that the gas in the high-pressure gas cylinder 14 can enter the cavity 22; an electric control valve 15 is arranged on the air outlet pipeline, and the closing time and the working frequency of the electric control valve 15 are controlled by the control unit 1; the rotating shaft 23 is connected with a plurality of blades 17 which are generally designed into 3, 5 or 7, the structure of the rotating shaft is similar to that of a fan blade for wind power generation, the root part is thick, the tip end is thin, and the section conforms to a streamline structure; the plurality of blades 17 are uniformly spaced along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 23; the blade 17 is welded with the rotating shaft 23, the blade 17 is provided with damping holes 20 with different sizes, one end of each damping hole 20 is communicated with the cavity 22, and the other end of each damping hole 20 is directly communicated with the outside; the damping holes 20 are preferably designed at the blade tip of the blade 17, and may also be designed at the back of the blade 17, opposite to the incoming flow, so as not to affect the rotation of the blade 17.
Due to the adoption of the structure, in the dragging process of the noise simulator 4, the blades 17 rotate to generate periodic pulsating pressure waves, meanwhile, continuously and stably high-pressure gas flows out of the damping holes 20 on the blades 17, the high-pressure gas expands and breaks in water to generate pressure waves similar to cavitation bubbles, and the phenomenon that cavitation occurs in the rotating process of the underwater propeller can be simulated by superposing the two pressure waves. And after the size and the number of the damping holes 20 are controlled, the cavitation phenomenon of the underwater propeller under different conditions can be simulated.
The working principle of the sound source system is as follows:
before the system works, the noise simulation device 4 is arranged in water, and the noise simulation device 4 can be designed into positive buoyancy or negative buoyancy according to actual use requirements; the trailing cable 11 is connected to the equipment on the water platform (valve element control unit 3 and control unit 1).
When the system works, the control unit 1 works after the power supply is switched on, and the high-pressure gas station 2 starts to work under the control of the control unit 1 to generate high-pressure gas with set pressure and output the high-pressure gas to the valve control unit 3; meanwhile, the electric control signal on the control unit 1 can control the closing time and the working frequency of the electric control valve 15 through the cable in the towing cable 11.
High-pressure gas output by the high-pressure gas station 2 enters the valve control unit 3 from the gas inlet interface 5, the gas quantity entering the valve control unit 3 can be adjusted by controlling the opening degree of the adjusting valve 6 at the tail end of the gas inlet interface 5, and meanwhile, when the system does not work, the adjusting valve 6 is closed to prevent the high-pressure gas from entering the valve control unit 3.
After passing through the regulating valve 6, the high-pressure gas is divided into two paths, one path of the high-pressure gas enters the gas release pipeline, and the residual gas in the pipeline can be released by opening a stop valve A24 at the tail end of the gas release pipeline; when the system works, the stop valve A24 is in a closed state; the other path of high-pressure gas enters a gas conveying pipeline, a pressure reducing valve 8 in the gas conveying pipeline reduces the pressure of the high-pressure gas to a safe pressure (a set pressure value) for conveying, and a pressure gauge 7 on the gas conveying pipeline is used for displaying the pressure value of the high-pressure gas after passing through the pressure reducing valve 8; the high-pressure gas then passes through the outlet connection 9 and its preceding shut-off valve B25 and finally through the high-pressure gas line in the trailing cable 11 to the noise simulator 4. High-pressure gas enters the noise simulation device 4 through the towing cable 11 and is stored in the high-pressure gas cylinder 14, and the high-pressure gas cylinder 14 not only can store a certain amount of high-pressure gas for use, but also can buffer pressure pulsation of the high-pressure gas in the flowing process.
When the system works, the noise simulation device 4 works in underwater dragging, and in the dragging process, the blades 17 and the rotating shaft 23 rotate under the action of water flow, the motion is similar to the motion of fan blades in the wind power generation process, a certain disturbed flow and noise can be generated in the rotating process, the disturbed flow and the noise have certain periodicity, the period is related to the rotation period and the number of the blades 17, the motion process is similar to the motion of an underwater propeller, and the hydrodynamic noise of the underwater propeller can be simulated; because the rotation process is realized by the fluid power in the dragging process, and the dragging speed is generally not more than 12kn, the blades 17 are difficult to generate stronger cavitation in the rotation process; meanwhile, the control unit 1 controls the electric control valve 15, high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas bottle 14 is directly released into water through the damping hole 20, pressure bubbles can rapidly expand and burst in the water and generate strong noise, the movement process of the bubbles is similar to the movement process of the bubbles generated by propeller cavitation, and the noise generated by the burst of the bubbles is similar to the noise generated by the propeller cavitation, so that the cavitation noise of the underwater propeller can be simulated.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A sound source system for simulating underwater propeller noise, comprising: the device comprises a control unit (1), a high-pressure gas station (2), a valve control unit (3) and a noise simulation device (4);
the high-pressure air station (2) supplies high-pressure air to the noise simulation device (4) through the valve control unit (3) under the control of the control unit (1);
the valve control unit (3) is used for stabilizing the pressure and the flow of high-pressure gas generated by the high-pressure gas station (2);
the noise simulation device (4) comprises: the device comprises a towed body structure (12), a high-pressure gas cylinder (14), an electric control valve (15), blades (17) and a rotating shaft (23); the towed body structure (12) is a sealed cavity structure, and the high-pressure gas cylinder (14) is fixed inside the towed body structure (12);
the rotating shaft (23) is of a hollow cylindrical structure with a step hole in the center, is coaxially supported at the tail of the towed body structure (12) through a bearing (18), and can rotate around the tail of the towed body structure (12); a sealed annular cavity (22) is formed between the stepped hole in the center of the rotating shaft (23) and the tail part of the towed body structure (12), and an air hole communicated with the cavity (22) is formed in the tail part of the towed body structure (12); the gas outlet of the high-pressure gas cylinder (14) is communicated with a gas hole at the tail part of the towed body structure (12) through a gas outlet pipeline; an electric control valve (15) is arranged on the air outlet pipeline, and the closing time and the working frequency of the electric control valve (15) are controlled by the control unit (1);
the rotating shaft (23) is connected with more than two blades (17), more than two damping holes (20) are processed on each blade (17), one end of each damping hole (20) is communicated with the cavity (22), and the other end of each damping hole is communicated with the outside;
in the dragging process of the noise simulation device (4), the blades (17) rotate to generate periodic pulsating pressure waves, meanwhile, continuously and stably high-pressure gas flows out of damping holes (20) on the blades (17), expands and ruptures in water to generate pressure waves similar to cavitation bubbles, and the two pressure waves are superposed to simulate the cavitation phenomenon of the underwater propeller in the rotating process; and simultaneously, after the size and the number of the damping holes (20) are controlled, the cavitation phenomenon of the underwater propeller under different conditions can be simulated.
2. A sound source system for simulating underwater propeller noise as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the valve element control unit (3) includes: the air inlet connector (5), the regulating valve (6), the reducing valve (8), the air outlet connector (9) and the air leakage connector (10);
the connection relationship is as follows: the high-pressure gas station (2) is connected with the gas inlet interface (5) through a high-pressure gas pipe, and the gas inlet interface (5) is provided with an adjusting valve (6); the high-pressure air pipe behind the regulating valve (6) is divided into two paths, one path is an air relief pipeline, and the other path is a gas conveying pipeline; the tail end of the air leakage pipeline is provided with an air leakage interface (10), and a stop valve A (24) is arranged at the air leakage interface (10); be provided with relief pressure valve (8) in the gas transmission pipeline, gas transmission pipeline end is provided with interface (9) of giving vent to anger, interface (9) department of giving vent to anger is provided with stop valve B (25).
3. A sound source system for simulating underwater propeller noise as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: an air inlet pipeline connected with an air inlet of the high-pressure air bottle (14) and a cable for connecting the electric control valve (15) and the control unit (1) are integrated to form a composite cable which is used as a towing cable (11) of the noise simulation device (4).
4. A sound source system for simulating underwater propeller noise as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and a pressure gauge (7) for detecting the pressure value of the high-pressure gas decompressed by the decompression valve (8) in real time is arranged on the gas transmission pipeline.
5. A sound source system for simulating underwater propeller noise as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the damping hole (20) is arranged at the blade tip position of the blade (17) or at the back of the blade.
6. A sound source system for simulating underwater propeller noise as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the diameters of the damping holes (20) on the blades (17) are different.
7. A sound source system for simulating underwater propeller noise as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: more than two blades (17) are evenly distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft (23).
8. A sound source system for simulating underwater propeller noise as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the rotating shaft (23) is axially limited by an end cover (21) fixedly connected with the towed body structure (12).
9. A sound source system for simulating underwater propeller noise as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the towed body structure (12) is streamline in appearance.
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